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Articles 1 - 30 of 1867

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Quaternary Ammonia Compounds In Disinfectant Products: Evaluating The Potential For Promoting Antibiotic Resistance And Disrupting Wastewater Treatment Plant Performance, Zihao Lu, Anna K. Mahony, William A. Arnold, Christopher Marshall, Patrick J. Mcnamara Feb 2024

Quaternary Ammonia Compounds In Disinfectant Products: Evaluating The Potential For Promoting Antibiotic Resistance And Disrupting Wastewater Treatment Plant Performance, Zihao Lu, Anna K. Mahony, William A. Arnold, Christopher Marshall, Patrick J. Mcnamara

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are a class of compounds that were widely used as disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic and continue to be used as disinfecting agents. After consumer usage, QAC concentrations are diluted in wastewater as they enter wastewater treatment plants. At sub-inhibitory concentrations, QACs may have unintended repercussions, including increased antibiotic resistance and inhibition of process performance in wastewater treatment plants. This review first summarizes how QACs inhibit bacteria and then highlights the mechanisms by which QACs can promote antibiotic resistance in general. Reported environmental concentrations of QACs are compared to concentrations that are suspected to impact antibiotic …

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The Role Of Membrane Porosity In Ion Removal By Ro/Nf Membranes And Development Of A Regenerable Pac-Loaded Membrane, Yizhi Hou Nov 2023

The Role Of Membrane Porosity In Ion Removal By Ro/Nf Membranes And Development Of A Regenerable Pac-Loaded Membrane, Yizhi Hou

Dissertations (1934 -)

Reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes are widely used for water treatment applications. They are charged porous materials, in which size exclusion and charge exclusion work together to dictate solute transport. In this study, membrane porosity was primarily determined by pore size. Thicker, more porous membranes with smaller pores had higher NaCl removal and less permeate water flux. Higher porosity membranes have greater inner pore surface area available to support a greater number of functional groups, thereby rejecting ion flux and increasing ion removal. The Donnan steric pore model (DSPM) was used to determine that the contribution of diffusion …

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Peroxi-Electrocoagulation For Treatment Of Trace Organic Compounds And Natural Organic Matter At Neutral Ph, Donald R. Ryan, Patrick J. Mcnamara, Claire K. Baldus, Yin Wang, Brooke K. Mayer Nov 2023

Peroxi-Electrocoagulation For Treatment Of Trace Organic Compounds And Natural Organic Matter At Neutral Ph, Donald R. Ryan, Patrick J. Mcnamara, Claire K. Baldus, Yin Wang, Brooke K. Mayer

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Iron-based oxidation technologies can be advantageous for mitigating trace organic compounds (TOrCs) during water and wastewater treatment due to their production of hydroxyl radicals. However, iron-based oxidation often occurs at acidic pH to promote Fenton's reaction, which limits the processes' feasibility for treatment applications. This study focused on utilizing iron-electrocoagulation (EC) paired with ex situ H2O2 addition (peroxi-electrocoagulation [EC:H2O2]) to promote oxidative reactions at neutral pH conditions. The hydroxyl radical probe para-chlorobenzoic acid (pCBA) was used to gauge oxidant activity and serve as a representative TOrC. The impact of water …

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Reduced Bias User Preference Methods For Determining The Pareto-Optimal Solution Point, Dylan Thomas Johnson Oct 2023

Reduced Bias User Preference Methods For Determining The Pareto-Optimal Solution Point, Dylan Thomas Johnson

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Engineering design is filled with tradeoffs between competing objectives such as performance, mass, cost, and schedule. A designer must navigate these complex multi-objective problems and deliver the right solution for their application. Multi-objective optimization techniques are powerful and widely used; however, a key drawback to these techniques is that they often output a set of equivalent solutions called the Pareto Front. The designer must perform an additional multi-objective down selection on the Pareto Front to determine a single Pareto-optimal solution point for their design. Existing Pareto Front processing techniques either use traditional infinitely adjustable weights, which can yield results that …

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Improving Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Diagnosis, Sida Zhang Oct 2023

Improving Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Diagnosis, Sida Zhang

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common causes of dizziness. Especially for people over 45, the risk of BPPV is substantial. On the other hand, BPPV is often misdiagnosed and may require expensive examinations. This thesis introduces a prediction model based on machine learning to quickly, inexpensively, and accurately diagnose BPPV. The thesis starts by introducing BPPV and the statistics of BPPV misdiagnosis. Then, a patient survey is introduced. The patient survey includes 50 BPPV-related questions, which are used as training data for the machine learning model. Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Naïve Bayes were compared …

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Design And Validation Of A Variable Stiffness Three Degree Of Freedom Planar Robot Arm, Andrew L. Bernhard Oct 2023

Design And Validation Of A Variable Stiffness Three Degree Of Freedom Planar Robot Arm, Andrew L. Bernhard

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The need exists for robotic manipulators that can interact with an environment having uncertain kinematic constraints. A robot has been designed and built for proof of concept of a passive variable compliance control strategy that can vary joint stiffness to achieve higher performance dexterous manipulation. This novel planar robot incorporating variable stiffness actuators and common industrial controls allows the robot to comply with its environment when needed but also have high stiffness for precise motion control in free space. To perform both functions well, a high stiffness ratio (max/min stiffness) is required. A stiffness ratio up to 492 was achieved. …

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Antibiotic Resistance In Urban Stormwater: A Review Of The Dissemination Of Resistance Elements, Their Impact, And Management Opportunities, Kassidy N. O'Malley, Walter M. Mcdonald, Patrick J. Mcnamara Sep 2023

Antibiotic Resistance In Urban Stormwater: A Review Of The Dissemination Of Resistance Elements, Their Impact, And Management Opportunities, Kassidy N. O'Malley, Walter M. Mcdonald, Patrick J. Mcnamara

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The public health crisis of antibiotic resistance is a growing threat across the world that is only expected to intensify in the coming years. The cycling of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment via urban stormwater runoff is one means by which humans are exposed to resistant bacteria as traditional gray stormwater infrastructure facilitates the transport of resistance elements into water bodies utilized by the public. In this review, existing research on the occurrence of ARGs in urban stormwater runoff is critically reviewed with the goal of determining the role of stormwater in the dissemination and development of antibiotic …

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Impact Of Corrosion Inhibitors On Antibiotic Resistance, Metal Resistance, And Microbial Communities In Drinking Water, Lee K. Kimbell, Emily Lou Lamartina, Stan Kohls, Yin Wang, Ryan J. Newton, Patrick J. Mcnamara Sep 2023

Impact Of Corrosion Inhibitors On Antibiotic Resistance, Metal Resistance, And Microbial Communities In Drinking Water, Lee K. Kimbell, Emily Lou Lamartina, Stan Kohls, Yin Wang, Ryan J. Newton, Patrick J. Mcnamara

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Corrosion inhibitors, including zinc orthophosphate, sodium orthophosphate, and sodium silicate, are commonly used to prevent the corrosion of drinking water infrastructure. Metals such as zinc are known stressors for antibiotic resistance selection, and phosphates can increase microbial growth in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS). Yet, the influence of corrosion inhibitor type on antimicrobial resistance in DWDS is unknown. Here, we show that sodium silicates can decrease antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs), while zinc orthophosphate increases ARB and ARGs in source water microbial communities. Based on controlled bench-scale studies, zinc orthophosphate addition significantly increased the abundance of ARB …

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Creep Resistance And Microstructure In Binary Aluminum Cerium Alloy Produced By Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Jillian Ann Stinehart Jul 2023

Creep Resistance And Microstructure In Binary Aluminum Cerium Alloy Produced By Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Jillian Ann Stinehart

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Currently, the only commercially available aluminum alloy for additive manufacturing (AM) is AlSi10Mg, which is not suitable for high temperature applications. Al-Ce based alloys have been shown to be highly printable, cost-efficient alloys. Compared to cast Al-Ce alloys, the eutectic features are refined (<1μm), which give AM Al-10Ce favorable strength and ductility at room temperature. The low diffusivity and solubility of cerium in aluminum improve the retention of mechanical properties at high temperatures. In order to quantify the effect of cerium on the thermal stability of AM aluminum and show its suitability for high-temperature applications, Al-10Ce was creep tested between 60-77% of its absolute melting temperature. The creep performance of AM Al-10Ce was favorable compared to that of cast binary Al-Ce and AM AlSi10Mg and was comparable to that of cast ternary Al-Ce alloys. The stress exponent, n, was approximately 1 in the low stress regime and 5-7 in the high stress regime. The activation energy was 231kJ/mol. In comparison, both cast binary Al-Ce and AM AlSi10Mg have higher stress exponents and lower activation energies, showing AM Al-10Ce to be more creep resistant. After creep testing, slight grain coarsening was observed, while grain orientation remained unchanged. The melt pool boundaries (MPBs) faded in appearance after creep testing, and the number of columnar grains decreased.

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Deep Learning Classification Of Deep Ultraviolet Fluorescence Images For Margin Assessment During Breast Cancer Surgery, Tyrell To Jul 2023

Deep Learning Classification Of Deep Ultraviolet Fluorescence Images For Margin Assessment During Breast Cancer Surgery, Tyrell To

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is a widely used treatment for breast cancer, but ensuring the complete removal of cancer cells from the surgical margins remains a challenge. Deep ultraviolet (DUV) fluorescence scanning microscopy offers a potential solution by providing real-time whole-surface imaging of resected tissues during BCS. However, interpreting DUV images for margin assessment requires an automated classification method. This dissertation addresses this need by proposing a deep learning-based classification approach for DUV fluorescence images in intra-operative margin assessment of breast cancer.To overcome the limited availability of DUV image datasets and potential over- fitting, the study combines patch-level classification using transfer …

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Reducing Porosity In Lpbf Ti-6al-4v By Parameter Optimization And Low Temperature Hot Isostatic Pressing Cycle, Penn Rawn Jul 2023

Reducing Porosity In Lpbf Ti-6al-4v By Parameter Optimization And Low Temperature Hot Isostatic Pressing Cycle, Penn Rawn

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Powder bed based additive manufacturing has advantages in its ability to make specialized parts with complex geometries. Unfortunately, components made through such processes of suffer from manufacturing defects including porosity. To study pore formation and removal, specimens of Ti-6Al-4V were built at varied levels of laser power, travel speed, hatch spacing, and layer thickness to obtain a variety of initial defect populations. The specimens were then subjected to a hot isostatic pressure (HIP) at 850 °C and 200 MPa to evaluate the low temperature high pressure (LTHP) cycle’s ability to remove pores. Image analysis was used to estimate the relative …

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The Effect Of Microstructural Defects And Geometrical Features On Fatigue Behavior Of Superelastic Nitinol Wires, Parisa Shabani Nezhad Jul 2023

The Effect Of Microstructural Defects And Geometrical Features On Fatigue Behavior Of Superelastic Nitinol Wires, Parisa Shabani Nezhad

Dissertations (1934 -)

Nitinol is an alloy of nickel and titanium, which exhibits outstanding functional properties, such as shape memory and superelastic behavior. Superelastic nitinol wires exhibit recoverable strains that are significantly greater than traditional alloys. In most of its applications, nitinol is exposed to cyclic loads, which results in functional and/or structural fatigue that ultimately leads to failure. The classical fatigue theories do not appropriately address the fatigue performance of superelastic nitinol due to the complex nature of the martensitic transformation. It has been shown that the main fatigue crack initiation sites, other than surfaces, are microstructural inhomogeneities such as voids and …

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Soot Formation And Ignition Characteristics Of Gasoline/Ethanol Fuel Blends Using A Rapid Compression Machine, Joseph Richard Keller Gross Apr 2023

Soot Formation And Ignition Characteristics Of Gasoline/Ethanol Fuel Blends Using A Rapid Compression Machine, Joseph Richard Keller Gross

Master's Theses (2009 -)

With the growing societal concern toward vehicle emissions, renewableforms of fuel are garnering increased interest in the fuel research world. While electrification is prevalent amongst the light duty sector, many challenges arise for such type of powerplant in heavy duty vehicles. Further, current heavy duty mixing-controlled combustion uses diesel fuel, which produces significant black carbon emissions in the exhaust. Alcohol fuels from biological sources serve as a promising source ofrenewable energy for heavy duty engines. The soot emissions and thermodynamic properties of ethanol/gasoline blended fuels must be understood and quantified in order to develop heavy duty combustion engine technology capable …

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Design, Realization, And Verification Of A Planar, Tendon-Driven, Variable Stiffness Finger, Allison Goetz Apr 2023

Design, Realization, And Verification Of A Planar, Tendon-Driven, Variable Stiffness Finger, Allison Goetz

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Traditional robotic manipulators are designed for accurate absolute positioning and require a highly structured environment to perform simple operations. They are unable to compensate for small discrepancies in the relative positioning of the robot end-effector with respect to its environment. A task-appropriate compliance allows a robotic manipulator to compensate for small discrepancies in the position or orientation of an object when the object is constrained. A better means of realizing task-appropriate structured compliant behavior is needed to allow a robot to perform dexterous manipulation.In this thesis, three agonist-antagonist variable stiffness actuators (VSAs) are used to independently control the joint stiffnesses …

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Transfer Learning, Model Interpretation, And Dataset Bias Analysis For Automated Violence Detection From Video, Erik Clemens Apr 2023

Transfer Learning, Model Interpretation, And Dataset Bias Analysis For Automated Violence Detection From Video, Erik Clemens

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Many communities have installed surveillance cameras in an effort to deter and respond to violence.Due to the difficulty of constantly monitoring such camera feeds, these systems are rarely used to provide real-time information. To enable rapid alerts and information for first responders, this thesis develops a proof-of-concept system capable of automatically detecting violence from video footage. This system is developed by fine-tuning a convolutional neural network that has previously demonstrated success on general action recognition tasks. This thesis explores two new techniques to improve the accuracy of the fine-tuned model. The first is a data augmentation technique that generates aspect …

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Effect Of Storage Condition On Penetration Threshold Of Porcine Skin Tissue, Jared Michael Koser Apr 2023

Effect Of Storage Condition On Penetration Threshold Of Porcine Skin Tissue, Jared Michael Koser

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Buried blast explosions create small projectiles which can become lodged in the tissue of personnel as far away as hundreds of meters. Without appropriate treatment, these lodged projectiles can become a source of infection and prolonged injury to soldiers in modern combat. Human cadavers can be used as surrogates for living humans for ballistic penetration testing, but human cadavers are frozen during transport and storage. The process of freezing and thawing the tissue before testing may change the biomechanical properties of the tissue. The goal of the current study was to investigate the effect of tissue storage on penetration threshold …

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Seismically Induced Column Buckling In Special Concentrically Braced Frames In Steel Buildings, Noah Meisner Apr 2023

Seismically Induced Column Buckling In Special Concentrically Braced Frames In Steel Buildings, Noah Meisner

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Special concentrically braced frames (SCBFs) are efficient lateral-force-resisting systems that are specifically detailed for steel buildings in regions with high seismic hazard. Current design standards for SCBFs intend to ensure inelastic deformation capacity through strict ductile and capacity-based design requirements. Braces are intended to yield in tension and buckle in compression to dissipate seismic energy. The current standards apply expected brace forces to all framing elements and connections to concentrate yielding in the braces. In these standards it is conservatively assumed that brace yielding and buckling simultaneously occur on all stories, and columns are designed considering the accumulated brace demands …

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Usage Of Drone For Building Facade Inspection, Sahara Adhikari Apr 2023

Usage Of Drone For Building Facade Inspection, Sahara Adhikari

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The taller the building the higher the risk caused by pieces breaking off from the building façade. 13 major cities in the USA have regulations that mandate building façade inspected by a certified professional as per regulations imposed by local authority. Conventional ways of inspecting build facades are manual contact methods where a certified professional inspects the building façade with the help of scaffolding, mobile cranes, or monorails. Visual inspections with contact methods face several challenges, including poor safety, productivity, and reliability. The results of visual inspection can be reliable when dealing with small structures with easily visible parts, but …

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Feasibility Of Sewer Overflow Treatment Using Chemical Oxidation After Rapid Solids Removal, Paige Peters Apr 2023

Feasibility Of Sewer Overflow Treatment Using Chemical Oxidation After Rapid Solids Removal, Paige Peters

Dissertations (1934 -)

Sewer overflows discharge 850 billion gallons of untreated sewage into U.S. lakes and rivers every year during high-intensity precipitation events. Common approaches include storage tanks or rapid solids removal followed by chlorine disinfection. These approaches can be capital intensive and only achieve partial treatment. A decentralized, end-of-pipe sewer overflow treatment system would eliminate detrimental overflow effects while handling highly variable flow and pollutant loading. Specifically, the rapid reaction rate of chemical oxidation can achieve soluble organics removal and disinfection of chlorine-resistant pathogens in a small footprint. To address the overflow issue, an advanced high-rate treatment system (AH-RTS) was developed and …

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Downstream Task Self-Supervised Learning For Object Recognition And Tracking, Abubakar Siddique Apr 2023

Downstream Task Self-Supervised Learning For Object Recognition And Tracking, Abubakar Siddique

Dissertations (1934 -)

This dissertation addresses three limitations of deep learning methods in image and video understanding-based machine vision applications. Firstly, although deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are efficient for image recognition applications such as object detection and segmentation, they perform poorly under perspective distortions. In real-world applications, the camera perspective is a common problem that we can address by annotating large amounts of data, thus limiting the applicability of the deep learning models. Secondly, the typical approach for single-camera tracking problems is to use separate motion and appearance models, which are expensive in terms of computations and training data requirements. Finally, conventional …

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Evaluating The Impact Of Land Use Changes, Drivers Of Tmdl Development, And Green Infrastructure On Stream Impairments, Charitha Jayasri Gunawardana Apr 2023

Evaluating The Impact Of Land Use Changes, Drivers Of Tmdl Development, And Green Infrastructure On Stream Impairments, Charitha Jayasri Gunawardana

Dissertations (1934 -)

Despite the water quality improvements and regulatory advancements over the last 50 years since the enactment of the Clean Water Act, water bodies within the United States are still impaired for a broad range of contaminants from non-point source pollution. Improving watershed management approaches to meet this challenge will require a greater understanding of (1) how changes within a watershed, such as changing land use, impact stream water quality, (2) what influence socioeconomic, spatial and political factors may have on the progress towards meeting water quality goals, such as those set within Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs), and (3) how …

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Design And Advanced Model Predictive Control Of Wide Bandgap Based Power Converters, Waqar Ahmed Khan Apr 2023

Design And Advanced Model Predictive Control Of Wide Bandgap Based Power Converters, Waqar Ahmed Khan

Dissertations (1934 -)

The field of power electronics (PE) is experiencing a revolution by harnessing the superior technical characteristics of wide-band gap (WBG) materials, namely Silicone Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN). Semiconductor devices devised using WBG materials enable high temperature operation at reduced footprint, offer higher blocking voltages, and operate at much higher switching frequencies compared to conventional Silicon (Si) based counterpart. These characteristics are highly desirable as they allow converter designs for challenging applications such as more-electric-aircraft (MEA), electric vehicle (EV) power train, and the like. This dissertation presents designs of a WBG based power converters for a 1 MW, 1 …

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Urban Water Quality: Socio-Economic Distribution Of Stream Degradation, And The Influence Of Climate On Bmp Performance, Isabelle Horvath Apr 2023

Urban Water Quality: Socio-Economic Distribution Of Stream Degradation, And The Influence Of Climate On Bmp Performance, Isabelle Horvath

Dissertations (1934 -)

Urban water quality impairments have long burdened urban aquatic ecosystems in a phenomenon termed “urban stream syndrome”. The symptoms of this “syndrome” include physical changes in stream morphology and water level, biologically stressed environments, and perturbations in ecosystem processes. Despite years of research and costly investments in restoration and rehabilitation, urban waterways are still plagued by degradation. Improvement in urban water quality will require multi-faceted efforts, including progress on 2 key fronts 1) increased understanding of current impairments, and 2) increased knowledge about urban stormwater infrastructure like best management practices (BMPs). Towards both topics, engineers have quantified the influence of …

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Electrocoagulation For Treatment Of Disinfection Byproducts, Organic Matter, And Per-And Polyfluoroalykl Substances., Donald Rockwood Ryan Apr 2023

Electrocoagulation For Treatment Of Disinfection Byproducts, Organic Matter, And Per-And Polyfluoroalykl Substances., Donald Rockwood Ryan

Dissertations (1934 -)

Technologies are needed to treat contaminants such as disinfection byproducts (DBPs), trace organic compounds (TOrCs), and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water to improve consumer safety and mitigate chronic risk. This dissertation focused on evaluating electrocoagulation (EC) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-enhanced EC (peroxi-electrocoagulation; EC:H2O2) for treatment of these contaminants. The impacts of source water quality (such as natural organic matter [NOM]) on overall performance was assessed and the non-destructive and destructive pathways involved in treatment were evaluated. The first objective focused on EC performance for mitigating the formation of regulated DBPs in water to better substantiate EC’s performance relative …

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Development Of Fibroblast/Endothelial Cell-Seeded Collagen Scaffolds For In Vitro Prevascularization, Daniela S. Masson-Meyers, Fahimeh Tabatabaei, Lane Steinhaus, Jeffrey M. Toth, Lobat Tayebi Mar 2023

Development Of Fibroblast/Endothelial Cell-Seeded Collagen Scaffolds For In Vitro Prevascularization, Daniela S. Masson-Meyers, Fahimeh Tabatabaei, Lane Steinhaus, Jeffrey M. Toth, Lobat Tayebi

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The development of vascularized scaffolds remains one of the major challenges in tissue engineering, and co-culturing with endothelial cells is known as one of the possible approaches for this purpose. In this approach, optimization of cell culture conditions, scaffolds, and fabrication techniques is needed to develop tissue equivalents that will enable in vitro formation of a capillary network. Prevascularized equivalents will be more physiologically comparable to the native tissues and potentially prevent insufficient vascularization after implantation. This study aimed to culture human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), alone or in co-culture with fibroblasts, on collagen scaffolds prepared by simple fabrication …

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Extended Training Improves The Accuracy And Efficiency Of Goal-Directed Reaching Guided By Supplemental Kinesthetic Vibrotactile Feedback, Valay A. Shah, Ashiya Thomas, Leigh A. Mrotek, Maura Casadio, Robert A. Scheidt Feb 2023

Extended Training Improves The Accuracy And Efficiency Of Goal-Directed Reaching Guided By Supplemental Kinesthetic Vibrotactile Feedback, Valay A. Shah, Ashiya Thomas, Leigh A. Mrotek, Maura Casadio, Robert A. Scheidt

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Prior studies have shown that the accuracy and efficiency of reaching can be improved using novel sensory interfaces to apply task-specific vibrotactile feedback (VTF) during movement. However, those studies have typically evaluated performance after less than 1 h of training using VTF. Here, we tested the effects of extended training using a specific form of vibrotactile cues—supplemental kinesthetic VTF—on the accuracy and temporal efficiency of goal-directed reaching. Healthy young adults performed planar reaching with VTF encoding of the moving hand's instantaneous position, applied to the non-moving arm. We compared target capture errors and movement times before, during, and after approximately …

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Relationships Among Shoulder Rotational Strength, Range Of Motion, Pitching Kinetics, And Pitch Velocity In Collegiate Baseball Pitchers, Janelle A. Cross, Austin William Higgins, Cody C. Dziuk, Gerald F. Harris, William G. Raasch Jan 2023

Relationships Among Shoulder Rotational Strength, Range Of Motion, Pitching Kinetics, And Pitch Velocity In Collegiate Baseball Pitchers, Janelle A. Cross, Austin William Higgins, Cody C. Dziuk, Gerald F. Harris, William G. Raasch

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Relationships among shoulder rotational strength, range of motion, pitching kinetics, and pitch velocity in collegiate baseball pitchers. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 129–135, 2023—Throwing shoulder injuries are the most common type of injury experienced by baseball pitchers. Weakness in the shoulder musculature and insufficient throwing arm range of motion are both risk factors for developing a shoulder injury. The goal of this study was to determine correlations among shoulder rotational strength, range of motion, pitching kinetics, and pitch velocity in collegiate pitchers. Thirteen uninjured male college pitchers were evaluated. Clinical measures included shoulder internal and external rotation range of motion, …

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Data-Integrity Aware Stochastic Model For Cascading Failures In Power Grids, Rezoan Ahmed Shuvro, Pankaz Das, Jamir Shariar Jyoti, Joana Abreu, Majeed M. Hayat Jan 2023

Data-Integrity Aware Stochastic Model For Cascading Failures In Power Grids, Rezoan Ahmed Shuvro, Pankaz Das, Jamir Shariar Jyoti, Joana Abreu, Majeed M. Hayat

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The reliable operation of power grids during cascading failures is heavily dependent on the interdependencies between the power grid components and the supporting communications and control networks. Moreover, the system operators' expertise in dealing with cascading failures can play a pivotal role during contingencies. In this paper, a dynamical probabilistic model is developed based on Markov-chains, which captures the dynamics of cascading failures in the power grid. Specifically, a previously developed Markov-chain based model is extended to capture the trade-off between the benefits of having a robust communication infrastructure and its vulnerability from data integrity (e.g., cyber-attacks). State-space reduction of …

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When Intercepting Moving Targets, Mid-Movement Error Corrections Reflect Distinct Responses To Visual And Haptic Perturbations, Pablo Gonzalez Polanco, Leigh A. Mrotek, Kristy A. Nielson, Scott A. Beardsley, Robert A. Scheidt Jan 2023

When Intercepting Moving Targets, Mid-Movement Error Corrections Reflect Distinct Responses To Visual And Haptic Perturbations, Pablo Gonzalez Polanco, Leigh A. Mrotek, Kristy A. Nielson, Scott A. Beardsley, Robert A. Scheidt

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

We examined a key aspect of sensorimotor skill: the capability to correct performance errors that arise mid-movement. Participants grasped the handle of a robot that imposed a nominal viscous resistance to hand movement. They watched a target move pseudo-randomly just above the horizontal plane of hand motion and initiated quick interception movements when cued. On some trials, the robot's viscosity or the target's speed changed without warning coincident with the GO cue. We fit a sum-of-Gaussians model to mechanical power measured at the handle to determine the number, magnitude, and relative timing of submovements occurring in each interception attempt. When …

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Scan4façade: Automated As-Is Façade Modeling Of Historic High-Rise Buildings Using Drones And Ai, Yuhan Jiang, Sisi Han, Yong Bai Dec 2022

Scan4façade: Automated As-Is Façade Modeling Of Historic High-Rise Buildings Using Drones And Ai, Yuhan Jiang, Sisi Han, Yong Bai

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

This paper presents an automated as-is façade modeling method for existing and historic high-rise buildings, named Scan4Façade. To begin with, a camera drone with a spiral path is employed to capture building exterior images, and photogrammetry is used to conduct three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and create mesh models for the scanned building façades. High-resolution façade orthoimages are then generated from mesh models and pixelwise segmented by an artificial intelligence (AI) model named U-net. A combined data augmentation strategy, including random flipping, rotation, resizing, perspective transformation, and color adjustment, is proposed for model training with a limited number of labels. As …

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