Engineering Commons^™

Automated Drone Detection Using Yolov4, Subroto Singha, Burchan Aydin

Faculty Publications

Drones are increasing in popularity and are reaching the public faster than ever before. Consequently, the chances of a drone being misused are multiplying. Automated drone detection is necessary to prevent unauthorized and unwanted drone interventions. In this research, we designed an automated drone detection system using YOLOv4. The model was trained using drone and bird datasets. We then evaluated the trained YOLOv4 model on the testing dataset, using mean average precision (mAP), frames per second (FPS), precision, recall, and F1-score as evaluation parameters. We next collected our own two types of drone videos, performed drone detections, and calculated the …

Ems Response Time For Patients Critically-Injured From Automobile Accidents Using Regression Analysis, Sneha R. Vanga, Phillip M. Ligrani, Mehrnaz Doustmohammadi, Michael Anderson

PRC-Affiliated Research

The ability to quickly and effectively receive medical treatment in the event of an automobile collision is one of the most important aspects in emergency medical services (EMS). Emergency medical service providers are the first to respond and manage cases related to trauma, emergency surgery, and critically injured patients. Response time for emergency medical services vehicles is especially important for areas, where travel distances are often much larger, compared to more urban areas. The importance of the present data and analysis procedures are their applicability to multiple environments, including urban settings. Methods: The present study is focused on optimization of …

Ems Response Time For Patients Critically-Injured From Automobile Accidents Using Regression Analysis, Sneha R. Vanga, Phillip M. Ligrani, Mehrnaz Doustmohammadi, Michael Anderson

PRC-Affiliated Research

The ability to quickly and effectively receive medical treatment in the event of an automobile collision is one of the most important aspects in emergency medical services (EMS). Emergency medical service providers are the first to respond and manage cases related to trauma, emergency surgery, and critically injured patients. Response time for emergency medical services vehicles is especially important for areas, where travel distances are often much larger, compared to more urban areas. The importance of the present data and analysis procedures are their applicability to multiple environments, including urban settings. Methods: The present study is focused on optimization of …

A Case Study To Quantify Variability In Building Load Profiles, Andrew Parker, Sam Moayedi, Kevin James, Dongming Peng, Mahmoud Alahmad

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

Recent technology development and penetration of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), advanced building control systems, and the internet-of-things (IoT) in the built environment are providing detailed information on building operation, performance, and user's comfort and behavior. Building owners can obtain a wide range of energy consumption details at various levels of time granularity to augment their decisions as they manage the building operation and interact with the grid. AMI data are providing a new level of detail and visibility that may enhance building services and assets in the smart grid domain and make buildings inch closer to becoming a grid-interactive energy …

Quantifying Time-Frequency Co-Movement Impact Of Covid-19 On U.S. And China Stock Market Toward Investor Sentiment Index, Rui Nian, Yijin Xu, Qiang Yuan, Chen Feng, Amaury Lendasse

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Worldwide Spread of Covid-19 Dramatically Influences the World Economic Landscape. in This Paper, We Have Quantitatively Investigated the Time-Frequency Co-Movement Impact of Covid-19 on U.S. and China Stock Market Since Early 2020 in Terms of Daily Observation from National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations Index (Ndx), Dow Jones Industrial Average (Djia), Standard & Poor's 500 Index (Spx), Shanghai Securities Composite Index (Ssec), Shenzhen Securities Component Index (Szi), in Favor of Spatiotemporal Interactions over Investor Sentiment Index, and Propose to Explore the Divisibility and the Predictability to the Volatility of Stock Market during the Development of Covid-19. We Integrate …

Investigating Influence Of Geometry And Operating Conditions On Local Current, Concentration, And Crossover In Alkaline Water Electrolysis Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, J. S. Lopata, S-G. Kang, H-S. Cho, C-H. Kim, J. W. Weidner, Sirivatch Shimpalee

Faculty Publications

We use a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model to examine the liquid saturation, KOH concentration, and gas crossover in an alkaline diaphragm water electrolysis device. The effects of cell potential, solution feed rate, and aspects of the design such as the locations and widths of channels on performance and crossover were studied. The results build a case for implementing a separator transport model and an electrode/separator interface model because of the concentration changes observed at the anode and cathode. Simulations suggest a strong relationship between solution feed rate and the nature of dissolved gas crossover through the diaphragm due to …

Teachers’ Engagement And Self-Efficacy In A Pk–12 Computer Science Teacher Virtual Community Of Practice, Robert Schwarzhaupt, Feng Liu, Joseph Wilson, Fanny Lee, Melissa Rasberry

Journal of Computer Science Integration

Prekindergarten to 12th-grade teachers of computer science (CS) face many challenges, including isolation, limited CS professional development resources, and low levels of CS teaching self-efficacy that could be mitigated through communities of practice (CoPs). This study used survey data from 420 PK–12 CS teacher members of a virtual CoP, CS for All Teachers, to examine the needs of these teachers and how CS teaching self-efficacy, community engagement, and sharing behaviors vary by teachers’ instructional experiences and school levels taught. Results show that CS teachers primarily join the CoP to gain high-quality pedagogical, assessment, and instructional resources. The study also found …

A High Solids Field-To-Fuel Research Pipeline To Identify Interactions Between Feedstocks And Biofuel Production, Meenaa Chandrasekar, Leela Joshi, Karleigh M. Krieg, Sarvada Chipkar, Emily Burke, Derek J. Debrauske, Kurt D. Thelen, Trey K. Sato, Rebecca Ong

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Background: Environmental factors, such as weather extremes, have the potential to cause adverse effects on plant biomass quality and quantity. Beyond adversely affecting feedstock yield and composition, which have been extensively studied, environmental factors can have detrimental effects on saccharification and fermentation processes in biofuel production. Only a few studies have evaluated the effect of these factors on biomass deconstruction into biofuel and resulting fuel yields. This field-to-fuel evaluation of various feedstocks requires rigorous coordination of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation experiments. A large number of biomass samples, often in limited quantity, are needed to thoroughly understand the effect of …

Layered Double Hydroxide-Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds In Tissue Engineering Applications, Burcin Izbudak, Berivan Cecen, Ingrid Anaya, Amir K. Miri, Ayca Bal-Ozturk, Erdal Karaoz

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs), when incorporated into biomaterials, provide a tunable composition, controllable particle size, anion exchange capacity, pH-sensitive solubility, high-drug loading efficiency, efficient gene and drug delivery, controlled release and effective intracellular uptake, natural biodegradability in an acidic medium, and negligible toxicity. In this review, we study potential applications of LDH-based nanocomposite scaffolds for tissue engineering. We address how LDHs provide new solutions for nanostructure stability and enhance in vivo studies' success.

Developing Robust Bidding Strategy For Virtual Bidders In Day-Ahead Electricity Markets, Hossein Mehdipourpicha, Siyuan Wang, Rui Bo

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Purely financial players without any physical assets can participate in day-Ahead electricity markets as virtual bidders. They can arbitrage the price difference between day-Ahead (DA) and real-Time (RT) markets to maximize profits. Virtual bidders encounter various monetary risks and uncertainties in their decision-making due to the high volatility of the price difference. Therefore, this paper proposes a max-min two-level optimization model to derive the optimal bidding strategy of virtual bidders. In this model, the risks of uncertainties associated with the rivals' strategies and RT market prices are managed by robust optimization. The proposed max-min two-level model is turned into a …

Common Ground Newsletter Fall 2021, Missouri University Of Science And Technology

Common Ground

-Lighting the way with solar panel inspections
-CArEE Miner athletes score recognition
-Celebrating 150 years of civil engineering at S&T

Submicron Metal 3d Printing By Ultrafast Laser Heating And Induced Ligand Transformation Of Nanocrystals, Chinmoy Podder, Xiangtao Gong, Xiaowei Yu, Wan Shou, Heng Pan

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Currently, light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing with submicron features is mainly developed based on photosensitive polymers or inorganic-polymer composite materials. To eliminate polymer/organic additives, a strategy for direct 3D assembly and printing of metallic nanocrystals without additives is presented. Ultrafast laser with intensity in the range of 1 x 1010 to 1 x 1012 W/cm2 is used to nonequilibrium heat nanocrystals and induce ligand transformation, which triggers the spontaneous fusion and localized assembly of nanocrystals. The process is due to the operation of hot electrons as confirmed by a strong dependence of the printing rate on laser pulse duration varied in …

Editorial: Development And Application Of Bituminous Materials For Civil Infrastructures, Zhanping You, Jie Ji, Dawei Wang, Feng Li, Hui Yao, Yue Hou

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

No abstract provided.

Issue 11: Contributors, Don Flournoy

Online Journal of Space Communication

Biographical information for the Issue 11 contributors:

Daniel Butler

Don Flournoy

Scott Madry

Joseph Pelton

Engineered Cementitious Composite For Pavement Applications: Materials Development And Design Framework, Hassan Noorvand

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECCs) are a novel class of high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites characterized by their high tensile strain capacity. While ECCs have been presented as a promising material alternative for the construction of durable pavements and overlays, the cost of these materials is a major drawback, which limits their widespread implementation. More importantly, performance prediction models for ECC pavements existing in the literature are incomplete as the effect of ECC plasticity has not been considered in the integration of finite element (FE) analysis and beam flexural fatigue experimental test results. Moreover, the existing ECC pavements performance prediction models are …

Algorithm Of The Estimation Of The Moving The Raw Cotton On Surfaces Of The Pallet Of The Mechanism Of The Presenting Ginning Machines, M Х. Aхmedov, T O. Tuychiev, A A. Ismoilov, Sh A. Xusanova

Scientific-technical journal

In article are brought algorithm of searching for parameter unceasing moving the raw cotton on surfaces of the pallet of the mechanism of the presenting ginning machines, management and provision rational parameter, as well as results called on numerically-experimental studies. The broughted results called on numerically-experimental studies on estimations of the dependencies of the corner , factor of friction, primary velocity and time for displacement centre raw cotton in feedersof saw gin.

During Natural Viewing, Neural Processing Of Visual Targets Continues Throughout Saccades, Atanas D. Stankov, Jonathan Touryan, Stephen Gordon, Anthony J. Ries, Jason Ki, Lucas C. Parra

Publications and Research

Relatively little is known about visual processing during free-viewing visual search in realistic dynamic environments. Free-viewing is characterized by frequent saccades. During saccades, visual processing is thought to be suppressed, yet we know that the presaccadic visual content can modulate postsaccadic processing. To better understand these processes in a realistic setting, we study here saccades and neural responses elicited by the appearance of visual targets in a realistic virtual environment. While subjects were being driven through a 3D virtual town, they were asked to discriminate between targets that appear on the road. Using a system identification approach, we separated overlapping …

Emergence Of Non-Hexagonal Crystal Packing Of Deswollen And Deformed Ultra-Soft Microgels Under Osmotic Pressure Control, Molla R. Islam, Rachel Nguyen, L. Andrew Lyon

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Highly solvent swollen poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) microgels are synthesized without exogenous crosslinker, making them extremely soft and deformable. These ultralow crosslinked microgels (ULC) are incubated under controlled osmotic pressure to provide a slow (and presumably thermodynamically controlled) approach to higher packing densities. It is found that ULC microgels show stable colloidal packing over a very wide range of osmotic pressures and thus packing densities. Surprising observation of co-existence between hexagonal and square lattices is also made over the lower range of studied osmotic pressures, with microgels apparently changing shape from spheres to cubes in defects or grain boundaries. It is proposed …

Rainbow Trapping Effect In 2d Axisymmetric Broadband Acoustic Energy Harvesters, Louis Alexander Gormley

Theses and Dissertations

Acoustic energy harvesters (AEHs) collect otherwise unused ambient acoustic waves for conversion into useful electrical energy. This promising technology has potential applications ranging from grid-independent electronics to structural health monitoring systems. AEHs capture specific acoustic frequencies of interest using structures with frequency-matched component geometries. Despite the multitude of potential geometries suitable for AEH structures, existing AEH research has predominantly focused on the acoustic wave trapping performance of unidimensional or linear bidimensional AEH structures.

This study intended to broaden AEH bandwidth and capture efficiency by investigating the acoustic rainbow trapping performance of a novel 2D axisymmetric AEH design. A Finite Element …

First-Principles Magnetic Treatment Of The Uranium Nitride (100) Surface And Effect On Corrosion Initiation, Ember L. Sikorski, Brian J. Jaques, Lan Li

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The magnetic properties of uranium nitride (UN) surfaces are not well understood experimentally or computationally but they have a significant effect on UN performance as a nuclear fuel. We investigated ferromagnetic (FM), antiferromagnetic (AFM), nonmagnetic (NM), and three hybrid magnetic structures of the most stable UN surface (100). To account for electron correlation and metastability, a U-ramp was performed to an effective Hubbard U-term of 2.0 eV. FM was found to be the most energetically favorable magnetic structure. Type 1 AFM slab was optimized to a new magnetic structure consisting of (100) planes with either all spin-up electrons, all spin-down …

Acoustic Signature Analysis And Sound Source Localization For A Three-Phase Ac Induction Motor, Daniel Ludwigsen, Anand Krishnasarma, Seyed Jamaleddin Mostafavi Yazdi, Allan Taylor, Javad Baqersad

Natural Sciences Publications

As part of the recent electrification of the transportation industry, internal combustion engines are being coupled with or replaced by electric motors. This movement towards an electrified drivetrain poses new noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) challenges related to electric motors. In this paper, the acoustic signature of an electric motor was analyzed to obtain a better understanding of the sound generated by these motors. This work provides an insight into an acoustic measurement technique that can be used to identify certain frequency bands that significantly contribute to the perceived sound. In the first part, the structural response of the motor …

Bone Quality And Fractures In Women With Osteoporosis Treated With Bisphosphonates For 1 To 14 Years, Hartmut H. Malluche, Jin Chen, Florence Lima, Lucas J. Liu, Marie-Claude Monier-Faugere, David A. Pienkowski

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Oral bisphosphonates are the primary medication for osteoporosis, but concerns exist regarding potential bone-quality changes or low-energy fractures. This cross-sectional study used artificial intelligence methods to analyze relationships among bisphosphonate treatment duration, a wide variety of bone-quality parameters, and low-energy fractures. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and histomorphometry quantified bone-quality parameters in 67 osteoporotic women treated with oral bisphosphonates for 1 to 14 years. Artificial intelligence methods established two models relating bisphosphonate treatment duration to bone-quality changes and to low-energy clinical fractures. The model relating bisphosphonate treatment duration to bone quality demonstrated optimal performance when treatment durations of 1 to 8 …

Secure Communication In A Multi-Antenna Wiretap Channel With A Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface, Mohamed Nafea, Aylin Yener

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are being considered as a candidate technology for next generation of wireless systems (6G), for improving reliability and range extension owing to their low cost and complexity, and suitability for high-frequency schemes. RIS terminals can effectively operate as relaying nodes for transmitted signals, while saving the energy needed for Radio Frequency (RF) transmission. This is implemented by deploying controllable reflecting arrays of meta-surface elements, whose phase can be adjusted by applying fast switching voltage. RIS thus creates a valuable resource in wireless communication: the control over the channel realizations from the RIS relays to the receiver. …

Comparison Of Theoretical And Multi-Fidelity Optimum Aerostructural Solutions For Wing Design, Jeffrey D. Taylor, Douglas F. Hunsaker

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Student Publications and Presentations

As contemporary aerostructural research for aircraft design trends toward high-fidelity computational methods, aerostructural solutions based on theory are often neglected or forgotten. In fact, in many modern aerostructural wing optimization studies, the elliptic lift distribution is used as a benchmark in place of theoretical aerostructural solutions with more appropriate constraints. In this paper, we review several theoretical aerostructural solutions that could be used as benchmark cases for wing design studies, and we compare them to high-fidelity solutions with similar constraints. Solutions are presented for studies with 1) constraints related to the wing integrated bending moment, 2) constraints related to the …

Pollution Prevention/Environmental Sustainability For Industry, Bruce Dvorak

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

It has been 30 years since, in the United States, the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 focused attention on reducing pollution through cost-effective changes in production, operation, and raw materials use. The pollution prevention approach was novel in focusing on increasing the efficiency of a process and reducing the amount of pollution generated at its source. Worldwide, industrial organizations embraced cleaner production approaches that result in reducing pollution at the source. Governmental bodies are exploring the best prevention and control polices for pollution and energy management. Since that time, the industry has successfully applied the three pillars of sustainability—economic, environmental, …

Influence Of Speed, Ground Surface And Shoeing Condition On Hoof Breakover Duration In Galloping Thoroughbred Racehorses, Kate Horan, James Coburn, Kieran Kourdache, Peter Day, Dan Harborne, Liam Brinkley, Henry Carnall, Lucy Hammond, Michael L. Peterson, Sean Millard, Thilo Pfau

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Understanding the effect of horseshoe–surface combinations on hoof kinematics at gallop is relevant for optimising performance and minimising injury in racehorse–jockey dyads. This intervention study assessed hoof breakover duration in Thoroughbred ex-racehorses from the British Racing School galloping on turf and artificial tracks in four shoeing conditions: aluminium, barefoot, aluminium–rubber composite (GluShu) and steel. Shoe–surface combinations were tested in a randomized order and horse–jockey pairings (n = 14) remained constant. High-speed video cameras (Sony DSC-RX100M5) filmed the hoof-ground interactions at 1000 frames per second. The time taken for a hoof marker wand fixed to the lateral hoof wall to …

Evaluating Essential Processes And Forecast Requirements For Meteotsunami-Induced Coastal Flooding, Chenfu Huang, Eric Anderson, Yi Liu, Gangfeng Ma, Greg Mann, Pengfei Xue

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Meteotsunamis pose a unique threat to coastal communities and often lead to damage of coastal infrastructure, deluge of nearby property, and loss of life and injury. The Great Lakes are a known hot-spot of meteotsunami activity and serve as an important region for investigation of essential hydrodynamic processes and model forecast requirements in meteotsunami-induced coastal flooding. For this work, we developed an advanced hydrodynamic model and evaluate key model attributes and dynamic processes, including: (1) coastal model grid resolution and wetting and drying process in low-lying zones, (2) coastal infrastructure, including breakwaters and associated submerging and overtopping processes, (3) annual/seasonal …

Optoacoustically Induced Auditory Brainstem Responses In The Mouse Model Enhanced Through An Absorbing Film, Gabriela Lana

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Comparative Safety Analysis Of Accelerator Driven Subcritical Systems And Critical Nuclear Energy Systems, Run Luo, Shripad Revankar, Fuyu Zhao

School of Nuclear Engineering Faculty Publications

The accelerator driven subcritical system (ADS) has been chosen as one of the best candidates for Generation IV nuclear energy systems which could not only produce clean energy but also incinerate nuclear waste. The transient characteristics and operation principles of ADS are significantly different from those of the critical nuclear energy system (CNES). In this work, the safety characteristics of ADS are analyzed and compared with CNES by a developed neutronics and thermal-hydraulics coupled code named ARTAP. Three typical accidents are carried out in both ADS and CNES, including reactivity insertion, loss of flow, and loss of heat sink. The …

Exploring The Structural Uniformity And Integrity Of Protonic Ceramic Thin Film Electrolyte Using Wet Powder Spraying, Wuxiang Feng, Wei Wu, Congrui Grace Jin, Meng Zhou, Wenjuan Bian, Wei Tang, Joshua Y. Gomez, Richard Boardman, Dong Ding

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

Thin protonic ceramic electrolyte contributes to lower ohmic resistance and enhances electrochemical performance of protonic ceramic electrochemical cells. However, manufacturing of large-scale thin electrolyte remains a challenge. Wet powder spraying is an attractive technique to deposit <10 >μm thin electrolyte when advanced atomizing techniques and optimized spraying process are integrated. Here ultrasonic atomization is integrated in the wet powder spray technique to reduce the thickness of electrolyte. Moreover, a parametric study is conducted to optimize the wet powder spray process to deposit uniform and crack-free electrolyte film. It is illustrated that tuning of solid loading rates and spray passes can affect …