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Table Of Contents Volume No. 2, Space And Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Front Matter Volume 3 Issue 2, Space And Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Notes For Contributors, Space And Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

An Alternative View On Space Deterrence, Dwight D. Rauhala, Jonty L. Kasku-Jackson

Space and Defense

The authors of the “Space Deterrence” report provide thoughtful, common sense recommendations to strengthen space deterrence, and given the complexity of deterrence, provide a “layered defense” strategy. The first recommendation given was to improve space situational awareness (SSA). As the authors acknowledge, these recommendations are not “cost constrained.” Although this and other recommendations bear consideration, one difficult task will be in addressing potential costs. The next recommendation is to develop internal red lines, a system by which internal alerts provide notifications to the “national command authority.” (National Command Authorities was a term that referred collectively to the President of the …

Air Force Space Command Perspective On Space Deterrence, Mike Manor, Kurt Neuman

Space and Defense

The Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies embarked on an ambitious project when they tackled the subject of space deterrence. The end result is a comprehensive report that provides an excellent summary of changes in the strategic space environment, as well as a perceptive analytical framework for assessing deterrence options. The layered strategy – International Norms, Entanglement, Retaliation, and Denial – is an original model that nicely captures vital aspects of space deterrence. Closing out the report are recommendations that are practical and cogent, offering clear steps for improving the deterrent posture of the United States in space.

Deter War, Not Attacks Against Space Systems, John B. Sheldon

Space and Defense

The “Space Deterrence: The Delicate Balance of Risk” study by the Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies has much merit to it. First, to undertake the task at all is praiseworthy given the enormity and importance of the topic. Second, the study contains many sensible points, ranging from the uncertain nature of deterrence to measures needed to physically protect space systems that policy makers and students of strategy would do well to note. But as noteworthy as the Space Deterrence study is, there are two wider points to consider that are not found in its pages. The omission of …

Strengthening Deterrence: Assuring Delivery Of Space Capabilities, Peter L. Hays

Space and Defense

The Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies’ report on “Space Deterrence: The Delicate Balance of Risk” briefly overviews fundamental deterrence concepts and evaluates how deterrence functioned during the Cold War; it masterfully assesses the most relevant and applicable lessons for today’s space deterrence challenges. The report comprehensively and multi-dimensionally addresses space deterrence by discussing key issues, including the vulnerability gap the United Sates faces with respect to space capabilities, the difficulty of defense, problems with credibility of retaliation in an asymmetric environment, and weaknesses in space situational awareness (SSA) and attribution. It also makes key recommendations to develop internal …

A Good Starting Point For Deterrence, Dean Cheng

Space and Defense

A central focus for much of the Cold War was determining what would deter the Soviet Union; this was a topic upon which many of the West’s best and brightest labored to determine. In order to deter the former Soviet Union, a huge intellectual edifice was erected, which helped guide a variety of military programs, including not only the American strategic triad of land-based and sea-based missiles and manned bombers, but tactical nuclear weapons, hardened command and control, and space-based early warning systems. It also incorporated concepts, such as “extended deterrence,” “escalation dominance,” and “mutual assured destruction.”

Space Deterrence: The Delicate Balance Of Risk, Roger G. Harrison, Deron R. Jackson, Collins G. Shackelford

Space and Defense

The United States has created a military structure that is heavily satellite-dependent, without making corresponding improvements in the survivability of its space systems. The result is a classic opportunity for asymmetric, preemptive attack. The central question of this study is how to structure a strategy of deterrence to persuade potentially hostile actors that the costs of attack will nevertheless outweigh the benefits.

Preface For Volume 3 No. 1, Space And Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents Volume 2 No. 1, Space And Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Front Matter Volume 3 No. 1, Space And Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Notes For Contributors, Space And Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

A Chinese Perspective On China-United States Cooperation In Space, Dingli Shen

Space and Defense

This article describes the arrival of new space actors from Asia, with particular focus on China. It analyzes the lack of cooperation in civilian space programs between China and the United States (U.S.), and the possible negative consequence of this. The paper suggests that the principles of non-diversion and reciprocity in accession as the foundation for China-U.S. collaboration in the civilian sector of space collaboration. This paper addresses the ongoing defense program with space application by the two countries, suggesting an overall program for China and the U.S. to have dialogue, as well as collaboration in space areas, promoting mutual …

Strategic Communications With China About Space, Joan Johnson-Freese

Space and Defense

In 2006, I published an article entitled “Strategic Communication with China: What Message About Space?”1 The article pointed out that difficulties encountered in trying to convey its message regarding the Global War on Terror to a global audience had convinced the United States, or at least the Defense Science Board, that it needed to use strategic communications more effectively. From there I extrapolated, “If one believes that big problems are best tackled in small bites, ‘space’ perhaps offers an area where the United States can begin to understand and tackle some of the strategic communication issues it faces.”2 Communication mishaps …

United States - China Engagement On Space: A Role For Canada, Wade Huntley

Space and Defense

As advancing technologies expand the scope of human activities in space, the international security implications of these activities have become increasingly contested. For the United Sates, military space capabilities now serve integral roles in a spectrum of terrestrial needs, and sustaining U.S. Security interests in space has become a key concern for many military planners. Meanwhile, the space technologies of many other countries are developing rapidly. Although an outright challenge of the U.S. position is not yet imminent, some countries already possess asymmetric capabilities posing genuine threats to U.S. space operations.

Space And Sino-American Security Relations, Peter L. Hays

Space and Defense

China’s emphasis on space exploration and its development and use of space capabilities are prominent and tangible expressions of its emergence as a great power and make space an increasingly important dimension of Sino-American relations. In October 2003 China independently launched and recovered its first taikonaut, becoming just the third member of an elite spacefaring club with Russia and the United States. Then in January 2007 China first successfully tested a kinetic energy anti-satellite (ASAT) weapon and again joined Russia and the United States as one of only three states known to have demonstrated this capability. China’s growing power and …

Reflections On Sino-Us Space Cooperation, Dean Cheng

Space and Defense

Since 2006, the US Air Force Academy’s Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies has sponsored an annual workshop examining the strategic impact and implications of China’s space program. This workshop series has blossomed into a Track-II process, with participants from the People’s Republic of China (PRC), and unofficial US government presence.

A key focus of many of the discussions during these workshops has been the prospects for Sino-US cooperation in space. This issue has gained prominence since the 2007 PRC ASAT test, and the US subsequent 2008 American destruction of a malfunctioning satellite. Sino-US space cooperation is seen as …

Table Of Contents Volume 2 No. 3, Space And Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Front Matter Volume 2 No. 3, Space And Defense

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.