Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons^™

Narrative Visualization Of The Outcomes Of Federal Investments In Research, Diana Hicks

Diana Hicks

We offer here a narrative visualization entitled: Technology hot spots and the Office of Science and position its contribution within discussion of novel forms of communicating research results as an aid to maximizing use of research evaluation. In this study, patent co-citation analysis was used to systematically identify emerging high impact technologies in the US technology ecosystem and then to establish that Office of Science of the US Department of Energy (DOE) funds research that underpins these technology “hot spots.” We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of this novel form of communicating evaluation results based our experience. The video at ...

Evidence Briefs As A Mechanism For Knowledge Transfer And Exchange: Assessing Views About, Experiences With, And Influences Of Policy-Relevant Research Syntheses In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Kaelan A. Moat

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Evidence briefs are an innovative and promising approach to synthesizing the best available research evidence to support evidence-informed health policymaking in low- and middle-income countries. Unfortunately, despite their increased use, little work has been undertaken to understand how the contexts in which briefs are prepared and the issues that they address influence the ways in which policymakers and stakeholders view them. Furthermore, there have been few efforts to determine whether and how evidence briefs influence the policy processes related to the priority policy issues for which they are prepared. This thesis begins to address these issues through four manuscripts that ...

“Everybody Needs To Be Doing Something”: Exploring The Contradictions In Ontario Works And The Normative Expectations Behind The Work Of Becoming Eligible, Employable And Employed, Sarah Pennisi

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Since Ontario Works (OW) was implemented in 1998, the policy has been tinkered with including making changes in benefits and relaxing of some of the more punitive practices such as a life time ban for recipients convicted of fraud. However in OW, one ofOntario's social assistance programs, the requirement to participate in work or work preparation activities, remains relatively unchanged. Intended to end the supposed free riding of recipients, work for welfare continues to be an unwavering policy instrument despite findings that the policy is at best ineffective and at worst counterproductive in helping OW clients find and keep ...

Exploring The Association Between Long-Term Hpsa Designation And County Population-To-Physician Ratio, Christopher Duffrin Phd, Mches, Natalie A. Jackson Mph

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

Federal, state, local and public health officials utilize Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) designations to manage health and physician workforce development in underserved regions. HPSA designation length by county was examined to determine if there is significant association with population-to-primary care physician ratio since the inception of HPSA designations in 1978. Counties were grouped in 5 categories based on consecutive designation length and analyzed with demographic variables. This report examines the relationship of long-term HPSA status and changes in primary care physician workforce.

The Effects Of The State Of Tennessee Immunization Policy Change Of 2011 - 2012 On Vaccination Uptake In East Tennessee, Margaret A. Knight, Anne D. Kershenbaum, Martha Buchanan, Janet Ridley, Paul C. Erwin

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

In the United States, funding for the purchase of vaccines depend on annual Congressional allocations. These allocations fluctuate from year to year as Congress responds to changes in national needs for immunizations. The Affordable Care Act requires first dollar coverage of immunizations and other preventive care, allowing a reduction in federal funding for vaccine purchase and a reallocation of funds to other uses such as infrastructure development. In fiscal year 2012, the loss of funds allocated from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act required action by states to ensure appropriate use of remaining funds. In Tennessee, the response was a ...

Diffusion Theory And Knowledge Dissemination, Utilization And Integration, Lawrence W. Green, Judith M. Ottoson, César García, Robert A. Hiatt, Maria L. Roditis

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

Part of the Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons, Health and Medical Administration Commons, Health Policy Commons, Health Services Administration Commons, Health Services Research Commons, and the Public Health Education and Promotion Commons

Many accomplishments of public health have been distributed unevenly among populations. This article reviews the concepts of applying evidence-based practice in public health in the face of the varied cultures and circumstances of practice in these varied populations. Key components of EBPH include: making decisions based on the best available scientific evidence, using data and information systems systematically, applying program planning frameworks, engaging the community and practitioners ...

Public Health Services Most Commonly Provided By Local Health Departments In The United States, Gulzar H. Shah Mstat, Ms, Phd, Huabin Luo Phd, Sergey Sotnikov Phd

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

The primary purpose of this research is to identify the most commonly performed public health services by local health departments (LHDs) and highlight variation by LHD characteristics. Data were drawn from the 2008 and 2010 National Profile of LHDs, conducted by the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO). The descriptive analysis aims to further the essential dialogue triggered by a recent Institute of Medicine (IOM) report about the standard minimum set of services that all LHDs should provide. This study identified a set of 22 activities performed by LHDs that are common in jurisdictions of all sizes ...

Community Health Assessment By Local Health Departments: Future Questions, Kay Lovelace

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

This "Letter to the Editor" is a response to the article "Community Health Assessment by Local Health Departments: Presence of Epidemiologist, Governance, and Federal and State Funds are Critical" published in volume 2, issue 6 of this journal. It considers how LHDs develop CHAs in complex jurisdictions, the roles of other professionals in the development of CHAs, and the conduct, quality, and use of CHAs.

Examining Potential Residential Participation In Financial Incentives To Mitigate Impervious Surface Effects In Howard County, Maryland, Kristin M. Larson, Jim Caldwell, Alexander Cloninger

Suburban Sustainability

Maryland passed legislation to reduce impervious surface effects and stormwater runoff by mandating a remediation fee for ten of its counties. Along with the fee, mandated counties may use funds generated to encourage residents to follow stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs). This study uses Maryland's Howard County as a case study to examine the potential participation of its residents in financial incentives for the BMPs of rain gardens, cisterns, and permeable pavers. A survey was issued to gauge potential participation of homeowners (n=110), and results were then compared to participation numbers in three similar already implemented financial incentive ...

When Should Bankruptcy Be An Option (For People, Places Or Things)?, David A. Skeel Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

When many people think about bankruptcy, they have a simple left-to-right spectrum of possibilities in mind. The spectrum starts with personal bankruptcy, moves next to corporations and other businesses, and then to municipalities, states, and finally countries. We assume that bankruptcy makes the most sense for individuals; that it makes a great deal of sense for corporations; that it is plausible but a little more suspect for cities; that it would be quite odd for states; and that bankruptcy is unimaginable for a country.

In this Article, I argue that the left-to-right spectrum is sensible but mistaken. After defining “bankruptcy ...

Women's Leadership For Women's Rights And Democracy, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

No abstract provided.

Immigration, Employment Opportunities, And Criminal Behavior, Matthew Freedman, Emily Owens, Sarah Bohn

Matthew Freedman

There is little consensus on the effects of immigration on crime. One potential explanation for the conflicting evidence is heterogeneity across space and time in policies toward immigrants that affect their status in the community and their incentives to engage in illegal activity. In this paper, we take advantage of provisions of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA), which granted legal resident status to long-time illegal residents but created new obstacles to employment for more recent immigrants, to explore how employment opportunities affect criminal behavior. Exploiting unique administrative data on the criminal justice involvement of individuals in ...

Curriculum Vitae, Judah J. Viola

Judah J. Viola, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Writers Who Care: Advocacy Blogging As Teachers - Professors - Parents, Leah A. Zuidema, Sarah Hochstetler, Mark Letcher, Kristen Hawley Turner

Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education

Because we believe strongly that writers develop through authentic writing instruction - and because we see policies that drive practices away from these goals - we have decided to speak up and to speak out through advocacy blogging. Teachers, Profs, Parents: Writers Who Care (writerswhocare.wordpress.com) was born from our frustration with current mandates that limit teachers and students to reductive writing. We know what good writing instruction looks like, and we want to share that knowledge with an audience beyond academia. In doing so, we hope to redefine what it means to be an academic writer and to encourage others ...

Introducing Physician Assistants To Ontario, Meredith Vanstone, Sarah E. Boesveld, Kristen Burrows

Health Reform Observer - Observatoire des Réformes de Santé

In 2006, the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care (MOHLTC) introduced Physician Assistants (PAs) through the announcement of demonstration projects, education and training programs, and subsequent funding. PAs are directly supervised by physicians and act as physician extenders by performing acts as delegated to them by their supervising physicians. PAs were proposed as a potential solution to help improve access to health care and reduce wait times throughout the province. Prior to the 2006 Ministry announcement, there was little public discussion regarding the acceptance of the PA role or its sustainability. Opposition from nursing and other groups emerged ...

Thomas Pinckney, Agent At Virginia, Tennessee And Georgia Air Line (Railroad), Inquires With W.G. Macdowell, Treasurer Of N.& W. Railroad (Norfolk & Western?), As To The Status Of A Claim Made By Shippers Compress Co., Thomas Pinckney

The Broadus R. Littlejohn, Jr. Manuscript Collection

Thomas Pinckney, agent at Virginia, Tennessee and Georgia Air Line (railroad), inquires with W.G. Macdowell, treasurer of N.& W. Railroad (Norfolk & Western?), as to whether or not a claim of $1690.33 made by Shippers Compress Company has been paid to N. & W. October 25, 1887.

Implementing The Policy Of The U.N. Declaration On The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples, Roxanne T. Ornelas

The International Indigenous Policy Journal

On September 13, 2007, the United Nations General Assembly voted to adopt the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). This was an historic event as work on UNDRIP had been ongoing for 30 years before its passage. Today, UNDRIP provides a framework for addressing human rights protections for Indigenous peoples globally. This article examines the significance of UNDRIP as a public policy tool for developing national policy to support future resource and land management consultations that are based on free, prior, and informed consent.

Examining Why The Canadian Federal Government Placed An Orphan Drug Strategy On Their Decision Agenda Now, Mark Gary Embrett

Health Reform Observer - Observatoire des Réformes de Santé

The Ministry of Health’s announcement of a National Orphan Drug Framework on 3 October 2012 was the first federal public acknowledgement of orphan drugs since the 1997 Drugs Directorate (DD) policy statement. The reform primarily announced an Orphan Drug Policy for Canada. This paper explains why the government decided to make this announcement now. Media and Parliamentary documents were analyzed for their use of symbols, numbers, and language in causal stories told by political actors. The initial story was that Canada’s population was too small and the cost too high for an orphan drug policy. Over the next ...

Seeking Accountability: Multi-Service Accountability Agreements (Msaas) In Ontario’S Community Support Sector, Carolyn A. Steele Gray, Whitney Berta, Raisa Deber, Janet Lum

Health Reform Observer - Observatoire des Réformes de Santé

Multi-Service Accountability Agreements (MSAAs) have been put in place to hold Community Sector Service (CSS) agencies to account for services receiving public funding in Ontario. The MSAA seeks to support financial and performance accountability, requiring CSS agencies to report on their performance quarterly. The MSAA is an expenditure policy tool that has undergone several iterations, each informed by negotiations between the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-term Care (MOHLTC), the province’s regional authorities – known as Local Health Integration Networks (LHINs) - and organizations/associations representing CSS agency interests. This approach to accountability is consistent with a broader focus on the ...

Cyber Beyond Computers - The Environmental Aspect, Jan Kallberg

Jan Kallberg

A forgotten aspect on cyber and cyber conflicts impact on our society is the fact that tampering with our control systems can lead to industrial processes running amok - and lead to environmental damages. Threats to our environment is taken very serious by the population and pollution and contamination of our living space trigger drastic reactions.