Engineering Commons^™

Thermal Analysis Of Continuous And Patterned Multilayer Films In The Presence Of A Nanoscale Hot Spot, Jia-Yang Juang, Jinglin Zheng

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Thermal responses of multilayer films play essential roles in state-of-the-art electronic systems, such as photo/micro-electronic devices, data storage systems, and silicon-on-insulator transistors. In this paper, we focus on the thermal aspects of multilayer films in the presence of a nanoscale hot spot induced by near field laser heating. The problem is set up in the scenario of heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR), the next-generation technology to overcome the data storage density limit imposed by superparamagnetism. We characterized thermal responses of both continuous and patterned multilayer media films using transient thermal modeling. We observed that material configurations, in particular, the thermal …

Heat Transfer Analysis Of An Oblique Jet Impingement Cooling On Cmc Rough Surface, Karthik Krishna

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

A Ceramic Matrix Composite is high strength and high temperature capability composite, utilized in components like heat shield of space vehicles, flame holders and disc brakes. To be used in both static and dynamic components of a future gas turbine engine and even with high temperature capabilities of these CMC components, convection cooling will still likely be required. The surface of the CMC varies significantly from traditional super-alloy used in a modern engine, with large level of roughness and significant three-dimensional waviness. These complex features will impact the behavior of the near wall flows, and affect the heat transfer rates …

Elastic Field And Frequency Variation In Extendable Wind Turbine Blades, Jeswin John, Donald W. Radford, Subhas Karan Venayagamoorthy, Paul R. Heyliger

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The behaviors of tip displacement, maximum stress, and natural frequency of vibration as a function of blade length are investigated for extendable wind turbine blades. A three-dimensional linear elasticity finite-element model of the blade is used along with a typical profile and representative material properties. The quasi-linear response and free vibration behavior are investigated for a sequence of blade geometries. These estimates are intended to give approximate measures of expected changes in the elastic and dynamic field as the operating length changes and provide preliminary guidelines for this novel class of structure.

Development And Implementation Of High Fidelity Human Models For The Investigation Of Blast And Non-Penetrating Projectile Impact, Candice F. Cooper

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Military operations abroad have highlighted the effects of several types of physical traumas including traumatic brain injury and behind armor blunt trauma. While previous approaches toward understanding and mitigating trauma caused by blast or blunt impact relied upon physical testing of animal subjects, post mortem human subjects, or human tissue surrogates, recent advances in computational capability have spurred a growing area of research in computational investigations into wound injury and its mitigation. The development of high-fidelity human torso and head-neck-torso models are presented here. These models are employed in blast and non-penetrating projectile impact simulations in order to demonstrate the …

Dynamics And Control Of Three-Dimensional Perching Maneuver Under Dynamic Stall Influence, Mir Alikhan Bin Mohammad Feroskhan

Theses and Dissertations

Perching is a type of aggressive maneuver performed by the class ‘Aves’ species to attain precision point landing with a generally short landing distance. Perching capability is desirable on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) due to its efficient deceleration process that potentially expands the functionality and flight envelope of the aircraft. This dissertation extends the previous works on perching, which is mostly limited to two-dimensional (2D) cases, to its state-of-the-art three-dimensional (3D) variety. This dissertation presents the aerodynamic modeling and optimization framework adopted to generate unprecedented variants of the 3D perching maneuver that include the sideslip perching trajectory, which ameliorates the …

Effect Of Fiber Material On Ozone Removal And Carbonyl Production From Carpets, Omed A. Abbass, David J. Sailor, Elliott T. Gall

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Indoor air quality is affected by indoor materials such as carpets that may act as sources and/or sinks of gas-phase air pollutants. Heterogeneous reactions of ozone with carpets may result in potentially harmful products. In this study, indoor residential carpets of varying fiber types were tested to evaluate their ability to remove ozone, and to assess their role in the production of carbonyls when exposed to elevated levels of ozone. Tests were conducted with six types of new unused carpets. Two sets of experiments were conducted, the first measured ozone removal and ozone deposition velocities, and the second measured primary …

Puddle Jumping: Spontaneous Ejection Of Large Liquid Droplets From Hydrophobic Surfaces During Drop Tower Tests, Babek Attari, Mark M. Weislogel, Andrew Paul Wollman, Yongkang Chen, Trevor Snyder

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Large droplets and puddles jump spontaneously from sufficiently hydrophobicsurfaces during routine drop tower tests. The simple low-cost passive mechanism can in turn be used as an experimental device to investigate dynamic droplet phenomena for drops up to 104 times larger than their normal terrestrial counterparts. We provide and/or confirm quick and qualitative design guides for such “drop shooters” as employed in drop tower tests including relationships to predict droplet ejection durations and velocities as functions of drop volume, surface texture, surface contour, wettability pattern, and fluid properties including contact angle. The latter is determined via profile image comparisons with numerical …

14-06 Development Of Safety Performance Functions And Other Decision Support Tools To Assess Pedestrian And Bicycle Safety, Timothy J. Gates, Peter T. Savolainen, Steven Stapleton, Trevor Kirsch, Santosh Miraskar

Transportation Research Center Reports

A field study was performed at 40 uncontrolled midblock crosswalks and 26 signalized intersections on low-speed roadways selected from the areas surrounding three major urban college campuses across lower Michigan. An array of existing traffic control devices existed at the study sites, including various crosswalk marking strategies, along with additional treatments, such as pedestrian hybrid beacons (PHBs), rectangular rapid-flashing beacons (RRFBs) and single in-street R1-6 signs. The sites also collectively included a diverse set of roadway and traffic characteristics, including crossing widths, number of lanes, and median presence, along with vehicular, pedestrian, and bicyclist volumes. Three primary evaluations were performed …

Configuring The Urban Smart Grid: Transitions, Experimentation, And Governance, Anthony Michael Levenda

Dissertations and Theses

In the face of challenges of energy security, decarbonization, resilience, and the replacement of aging infrastructure systems, federal, state, and local actors are facilitating the development of smart electricity networks to transition towards a more sustainable electricity system. In the United States, development of "smart grids" is being pursued as a national policy mandate and goal, promising that the deployment of smart grid technologies -- referring in general to digital information and communication technologies that sense, monitor, control and manage the electric grid -- will make electricity systems more environmentally sustainable and reliable, and at the same time, provide opportunities …

Pocketqube Opportunity Mission: Vmo Mission, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "PocketQube Opportunity Mission: VMO Mission" from September 30, 2016.

Cost Analysis Of Workplace Charging For Electric Vehicles, Florida Solar Energy Center, Richard Raustad

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This report examines the life-cycle costs associated with the operation of electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) and the impact that plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging may have on commercial building electricity cost. This study assumed that a utility electric meter was attached to each charging station and that 10 kWh of energy was required to replenish the energy consumed during a typical 35-mile daily work commute. Through a life-cycle assessment of typical EVSE equipment, including first cost and maintenance and operating costs, it was found that AC Level 1 or 2 workplace charging can be similar to or lower in …

The Impact Of Low Self-Control On Online Harassment: Interaction With Opportunity., Hyunin Baek, Michael M. Losavio, George E. Higgins

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Developing Internet technology has increased the rates of youth online harassment. This study examines online harassment from adolescents with low self-control and the moderating effect of opportunity. The data used in this study were collected by the Korea Institute of Criminology in 2009. The total sample size was 1,091. The results indicated that low self-control, opportunity, and gender have a significant influence on online harassment. However, these results differed according to gender; for males, low self-control significantly impacted online harassment; for females, however, only low self-control significantly impacted online harassment. Furthermore, the interaction between low self-control and opportunity did not …

A Legal Examination Of Revenge Pornography And Cyber-Harassment, Thomas Lonardo, Tricia Martland, Doug White

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

This paper examines the current state of the statutes in the United States as they relate to cyber-harassment in the context of "revenge porn". Revenge porn refers to websites which cater to those wishing to exploit, harass, or otherwise antagonize their ex partners using pornographic images and videos which were obtained during their relationships. The paper provide examples and illustrations as well as a summary of current statute in the United States. The paper additionally explores some of the various legal remedies available to victims of revenge pornography.

Mechanotransduction Modulates The Effect Of Mechanical Forces (Fluid Shear Stress And Cyclic Strain) On Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation Toward Vascular Endothelial Cells, Maria Nikmanesh

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The isolation of human ES cells (hES) in 1998 remarkably elevated the interest in the cell therapy capability of ES cells and moved this concept one step closer to reality. Embryonic stem cells with their potential for both self-renewal and directed differentiation have received increasing attention in applications in tissue engineering and repair, cell therapy, and regenerative medicine.

The differentiation of embryonic stem cells into desired lineages depends on the chemical environment of the “niche”, and for certain lineages such as the vascular lineage that must function in a mechanical environment, the timely imposition of mechanical forces is critical. In …

Guidance Index For Shallow Landslide Hazard Analysis, Cheila Cullen

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Rainfall-induced landslides are one of the most frequent hazards on slanted terrains. They lead to considerable economic losses and fatalities worldwide. Intense storms with high-intensity and long-duration rainfall have high potential to trigger rapidly moving soil masses due to changes in pore water pressure and seepage forces. Nevertheless, regardless of the intensity-duration of the rainfall, shallow landslides are influenced by antecedent soil moisture conditions. To the present day, no system exists that dynamically interrelates these two factors.

This work establishes a relationship between antecedent soil moisture and rainfall expressed in the form of a Shallow Landslide Index (SLI) at 1km …

Table Of Contents

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

No abstract provided.

Special Issue On Cyberharassment Investigation: Advances And Trends, Joanne Bryce, Virginia N. L. Franqueira, Andrew Marrington

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Empirical and anecdotal evidence indicates that cyberharassment is more prevalent as the use of social media becomes increasingly widespread, making geography and physical proximity irrelevant. Cyberharassment can take different forms (e.g., cyberbullying, cyberstalking, cybertrolling), and be motivated by the objectives of inflicting distress, exercising control, impersonation, and defamation. Little is currently known about the modus operandi of offenders and their psychological characteristics. Investigation of these behaviours is particularly challenging because it involves digital evidence distributed across the devices of both alleged offenders and victims, as well as online service providers, sometimes over an extended period of time. This special issue …

Differentiating Cyberbullies And Internet Trolls By Personality Characteristics And Self-Esteem, Lauren A. Zezulka, Kathryn C. Seigfried-Spellar

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Cyberbullying and internet trolling are both forms of online aggression or cyberharassment; however, research has yet to assess the prevalence of these behaviors in relationship to one another. In addition, the current study was the first to investigate whether individual differences and self-esteem discerned between self-reported cyberbullies and/or internet trolls (i.e., Never engaged in either, Cyberbully-only, Troll-only, Both Cyberbully and Troll). Of 308 respondents solicited from Mechanical Turk, 70 engaged in cyberbullying behaviors, 20 engaged in only trolling behaviors, 129 self-reported both behaviors, and 89 self-reported neither behavior. Results yielded low self-esteem, low conscientiousness, and low internal moral values for …

Toward Online Linguistic Surveillance Of Threatening Messages, Brian H. Spitzberg, Jean Mark Gawron

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Threats are communicative acts, but it is not always obvious what they communicate or when they communicate imminent credible and serious risk. This paper proposes a research- and theory-based set of over 20 potential linguistic risk indicators that may discriminate credible from non-credible threats within online threat message corpora. Two prongs are proposed: (1) Using expert and layperson ratings to validate subjective scales in relation to annotated known risk messages, and (2) Using the resulting annotated corpora for automated machine learning with computational linguistic analyses to classify non-threats, false threats, and credible threats. Rating scales are proposed, existing threat corpora …

Cynthia Hanson's Proposal Defense | Biological Engineering, Usu College Of Engineering

College of Engineering News

The Biological EngineeringDepartment is pleased to announce that Cindy Hanson will be presenting her proposal defense onMonday, October 3, 2016 at 1:30 pm in ENGR 326

Proposal title: The use of microfluidics and dielectrophoresis for separation, concentration, and identification of bacteria

Quantized Conductance Doubling And Hard Gap In A Two-Dimensional Semiconductor–Superconductor Heterostructure, M. Kjaergaard, F. Nichele, H. J. Suominen, M. P. Nowak, M. Wimmer, A. R. Akhmerov, J. A. Folk, K. Flensberg, J. Shabani, C. J. Palmstrom, C. M. Marcus

Publications and Research

Coupling a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor heterostructure to a superconductor opens new research and technology opportunities, including fundamental problems in mesoscopic superconductivity, scalable superconducting electronics, and new topological states of matter. One route towards topological matter is by coupling a 2D electron gas with strong spin–orbit interaction to an s-wave superconductor. Previous efforts along these lines have been adversely affected by interface disorder and unstable gating. Here we show measurements on a gateable InGaAs/InAs 2DEG with patterned epitaxial Al, yielding devices with atomically pristine interfaces between semiconductor and superconductor. Using surface gates to form a quantum point contact (QPC), we find …

Angela Akude's Thesis Defense | Biological Engineering, Usu College Of Engineering

College of Engineering News

The Biological Engineering Department is pleased to annouce that Angela Akude will be presenting her thesis defense on Thursday, October 6, 2016 at 9 am in the BENG Conference Room (ENGR 402C).

Heat Transfer In Unsaturated Soil With Application To Borehole Thermal Energy Storage, Ali Moradi, Kathleen M. Smits, Ning Lu, John S. Mccartney

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive

In this study, we numerically and experimentally evaluated heat transfer in soils under unsaturated conditions in the context of simulating a laboratory-scale, three-dimensional soil-borehole thermal energy storage (SBTES) system. Most previous studies assumed that soil thermal and hydraulic properties are constant and that heat transfer in soil occurs only in the form of conduction, neglecting convective and latent heat transfer. In addition, there is a lack of data from controlled experiments to validate multiphase numerical models that can be used to better study SBTES systems installed in the vadose zone. The goal of this study was to evaluate the significance …

Lunar Icecube: Nasa Nextstep Lunar Cubesat Mission, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Lunar IceCube: NASA NEXTSTEP Lunar CubeSat Mission" from September 29, 2016.

Agenda, Hampton Roads Sea Level Rise/Flooding Adaptation Forum, Hr Adaptation Forum

September 29, 2016: Adaptive Structures and Innovative Solutions

Agenda for the Hampton Roads Sea Level Rise/Flooding Adaptation Forum on September 29, 2016 at the Hampton University Conference Room 204, the Bemis Laboratories, 713 Orchard Road, Hampton, VA.

Case Study Of Quantifying Energy Loss Through Ceiling-Attic Recessed Lighting Fixtures Through 3d Numerical Simulation, Ri Na, Shengmao Lin, Zhigang Shen, Linxia Gu

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Abstract Air leakage through recessed lighting fixtures has been identified as a common issue that causes extra energy consumption in residential buildings. However, few quantitative studies in this area were found. As such, a preliminary assessment of the magnitude of this type of energy loss was conducted by using three-dimensional (3D) transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. A hypothetical layout of recessed lighting fixtures was designed with boundary conditions of four different seasons, which were obtained from recorded roof/attic temperature data sets. The results of the study indicate that leakage of recessed lighting fixtures could be a significant channel of …

Do Gender Affect Pollution? | Civil And Environmental Engineering, Usu College Of Engineering

College of Engineering News

Randy Martin and Abed Khader, visiting from Palestine, tested vehicle emmissions using various drivers in same car and same route.

Environmental Protection Through Nuclear Energy, Florio Ion T. Petrescu, Antonio Apicella, Relly Victoria V. Petrescu, Samuel Peter Kozaitis, Ronald B. Bucinell, Raffaella Aversa, Taher M. Abu-Lebdeh

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

Environmental protection through implementation of green energies is progressively becoming a daily reality. Numerous sources of green energy were introduced in recent years. Although this process initially started with difficulties, it finally resulted in an acceleration and implementation of new green energy technologies. Nonetheless, new major obstacles are emerging. The most worldwide difficult obstacle encountered, especially for wind and photovoltaic electric power plants, is the not regular and predictable green energy production. This study proposes solutions designed to solve this unpleasant aspect of irregular production of green energy. The basic idea refers to the construction of specially designed nuclear power …

Multispectral Optical Telescope Alignment Testing For Cryogenic Space Environment, Trent Newswander, Preston Hooser, James Champagne

Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications

Multispectral space telescopes with visible to long wave infrared spectral bands provide difficult alignment challenges. The visible channels require precision in alignment and stability to provide good image quality in short wavelengths. This is most often accomplished by choosing materials with near zero thermal expansion glass or ceramic mirrors metered with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) that are designed to have a matching thermal expansion. The IR channels are less sensitive to alignment but they often require cryogenic cooling for improved sensitivity with the reduced radiometric background. Finding efficient solutions to this difficult problem of maintaining good visible image quality …

Experiential Learning Opportunities Through Nasa Stem Content Allows Greater Grass Root-Level Understanding Of The Present Day’S Extreme Climate Change Scenario, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Stanley Schleifer, Matthew Khargie

Publications and Research

The NASA MAA (MUREP Aerospace Academy) project at York College has demonstrated a track record of providing experiential learning opportunities (ELO) to its participating students. ELOs associated with MAA are designed to increase learners’ involvement, knowledge, comprehension and application of learning in one or more STEM subjects/disciplines. They involve inquiry-and-activity-based learning approaches designed for the level of the learner to inspire, engage, and educate while progressively challenging each student. ELO activities enable learners to acquire knowledge, understand what they have learned, and apply that knowledge through inquiry-based tasks. Specifically, we are prepared to address the following priority: Encourage, increase, and …