Engineering Commons^™

Thermo-Optic Tuning Of A Packaged Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator Filled With Nematic Liquid Crystal, Vishnu Kavungal, Gerald Farrell, Qiang Wu, Arun Mallik, Yuliya Semenova

Articles

Thermo-optic tuning of whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in a nematic liquid crystal-filled thin-walled capillary tube resonator is reported. WGMs were excited by the evanescent field from a tapered optical fiber. Tapered optical fiber fabrication and reduction of wall thickness of the capillary tube was carried out by a ceramic micro-heater brushing technique. A simple and robust packaging technique is demonstrated to ensure stable and repeatable operation of the device. Tunability of WGMs with temperature was demonstrated with a sensitivity of 267.5 ± 2.5 pm/°C. The demonstrated thermo-optic method for WGMs tuning is potentially useful for many tunable photonic devices and …

Highly Sensitive Twist Sensor Based On Partially Silver Coated Hollow Core Fiber Structure, Dejun Liu, Rahul Kumar, Fangfang Wei, Wei Han, Arun Mallik, Jinhui Yuan, Chongxiu Yu, Feng Li, Zhengyong Liu, Hwa-Yaw Tam, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova, Qiang Wu

Articles

Interferometer based on multiple beam interferences inside a hollow core fiber (HCF) structure (also known as an antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide) has been attracting interest of many researchers due to its periodic transmission spectrum containing high quality factor spectral dips. Functionalized HCF structures have been demonstrated for a wide range of applications in humidity, magnetic field, and biosensing. Here, we report a new application of the HCF-based structure with a partial silver coating layer for sensing of twist. It is configured by a fusion splicing a section of 4.5-mm long HCF between two standard single mode fibers (SMFs), followed by …

A Pseudo-Microsimulation Approach For Modelling Congested Traffic Loading On Long-Span Bridges, Colm Carey, Colin Caprani, Bernard Enright

Articles

This paper investigates congested traffic loading on long-span bridges through the use of traffic microsimulation. Six months of Weigh-In-Motion free-flow traffic data (including cars) are used as input for the microsimulation of congested traffic. Key parameters that affect traffic loading are identified in the output of the microsimulation, and these parameters form the basis for a more computationally efficient ‘pseudo-microsimulation of congested traffic’ (PMCT) model. This PMCT model is shown to replicate the traffic loading from full microsimulation accurately and allows long-run simulations, equivalent to 1000 years of congested traffic, to be performed with an acceptably short duration. This reduces …

Mixture Models With Grouping Structure: Retail Analytics Applications, Haidar Almohri

Wayne State University Dissertations

Growing competitiveness and increasing availability of data is generating tremendous interest in data-driven analytics across industries. In the retail sector, stores need targeted guidance to improve both the efficiency and effectiveness of individual stores based on their specific location, demographics, and environment. We propose an effective data-driven framework for internal benchmarking that can lead to targeted guidance for individual stores. In particular, we propose an objective method for segmenting stores using a model-based clustering technique that accounts for similarity in store performance dynamics. It relies on effective Finite Mixture of Regression (FMR) techniques for carrying out the model-based clustering with …

Remote Screening And Self-Monitoring For Vision Loss Diseases Based On Smartphone Applications, Hussein M. H. Khairallah

Wayne State University Dissertations

Remote Healthcare Monitoring System (RHMS) represents remote observing of patient’s well-being and providing therapeutic services. Sensors play an essential part in RHMs. They measure the physical parameters and give continuous information to health organizations, doctors. The presence of Smartphones and other portable devices have allowed us to utilize remote healthcare monitoring system for an assortment of structures. Also, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) advances considered as one of the critical research factor healthcare application for enhancing the standard of living.

In this dissertation, I have presented three tiers operating in the remote healthcare monitoring system; the Body Area Network (BAN), the …

A Novel Framework For Collaborative Intrusion Detection For M2m Networks, Mohammad Abdellatif, Junaid Arshad, Muhammad Azad, Muhammad Khan

Electrical Engineering

The proliferation of sensor devices has introduced exciting possibilities such as the Internet of Things (IoT). Machine to Machine (M2M) communication underpins efficient interactions within such infrastructures. The resource constraints and ad-hoc nature of these networks have significant implications for security in general and with respect to intrusion detection in particular. Consequently, contemporary solutions mandating a stable infrastructure are inadequate to fulfill these defining characteristics of M2M networks. In this paper, we present COLIDE (COLlaborative Intrusion Detection Engine) a novel framework for effective intrusion detection in the M2M networks without incurring high energy and communication cost on the participating host …

Colide: A Collaborative Intrusion Detection Framework For Internet Of Things, Mohammad Abdellatif, Junaid Arshad, Muhammad Ajmal Azad, Khaled Salah, Muhammad Habib Ur Rahman

Electrical Engineering

Internet of Things (IoT) represent a network of resource-constrained sensor devices connected through the open Internet, susceptible to misuse by intruders. Traditional standalone intrusion detection systems (IDS) are tasked with monitoring device behaviours to identify malicious activities. These systems not only require extensive network and system resources but also cause delays in detecting a malicious actor due to unavailability of a comprehensive view of the intruder's activities. Collaboration among IoT devices enables considering knowledge from a collection of host and network devices to achieve improved detection accuracy in a timely manner. However, collaboration introduces the challenge of energy efficiency and …

Cenozoic Tectono-Stratigraphic Evolution And Petroleum System Of The Eastern Cordillera Foothills And Adjacent Basins (Colombia), Essam Saeid

Theses and Dissertations

New gravity, magnetic, well and 3D seismic data provides a better understanding of regional structures and tectonic movement affecting the petroleum system and sedimentary history of an important region of oil production in the Foothills of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. To the south the Garzón fault was previously interpreted as a right-lateral strikeslip fault. New seismic, well, and gravity data demonstrate that this fault is also a low-angle (12–17 degrees) Andean fault that thrusts PreCambrian basement 10 to 17 km northwestward over Miocene rocks of the Upper Magdalena Valley (UMV) in a prospective footwall anticline. New geophysical data as …

Micro Finite Element Simulation Of Cutting Process Of Sicp/Al Particle Reinforced Composites, Jiancheng Liu, Xialoe Qi

All Faculty Articles - School of Engineering and Computer Science

In order to reveal the cutting mechanism of SiCp/Al particle reinforced composites, the micro structure model of random distribution of particles was established based on Python script language by using ABAQUS, the prediction of machined surface morphology and chip morphology was realized. The validity of the model is verified by comparing with the experimental results.

Asymmetric Patterns Of Small Molecule Transport After Nanosecond And Microsecond Electropermeabilization, Esin B. Sözer, C. Florencia Pocetti, P. Thomas Vernier

Bioelectrics Publications

Imaging of fluorescent small molecule transport into electropermeabilized cells reveals polarized patterns of entry, which must reflect in some way the mechanisms of the migration of these molecules across the compromised membrane barrier. In some reports, transport occurs primarily across the areas of the membrane nearest the positive electrode (anode), but in others cathode-facing entry dominates. Here we compare YO-PRO-1, propidium, and calcein uptake into U-937 cells after nanosecond (6 ns) and microsecond (220 µs) electric pulse exposures. Each of the three dyes exhibits a different pattern. Calcein shows no preference for anode- or cathode-facing entry that is detectable with …

Interactive Process Miner: A New Approach For Process Mining, İsmai̇l Yürek, Derya Bi̇rant, Kökten Ulaş Bi̇rant

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Process mining is a technique for extracting knowledge from event logs recorded by an information system. In the process discovery phase of process mining, a process model is constructed to represent the business processes systematically and to give a general opinion about the progressive of processes in the event log. The constructed process model can be very complex as a result of structured and unstructured processes recorded in real life. Previous studies proposed different approaches to filter or eliminate some processes from the model to simplify it by implementing some statistical or mathematical formulas rather than user interactions. The main …

An Integrated Approach For The Development Of An Electric Vehicle Powertrain: Design, Analysis, And Implementation, Özgür Üstün, Ramazan Nejat Tuncay, Mert Safa Mökükcü, Ömer Ci̇han Kivanç, Gürkan Tosun, Can Gökce, Murat Çakan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Electric motor and power electronic systems are essential elements for the performance and efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles. The inadequacy of the range due to battery limitations is compensated by powertrain solutions and innovative control algorithms. Future targets of electric powertrains are mostly based on weight, space, and efficiency issues. Highly efficient low-volume and light-weight propulsion systems increase the performance of EVs and also enhance their importance as an alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles. In this paper, a detailed propulsion system design study is presented by considering all of the important constraints of the electric …

Real-Time Implementation Of Three-Level Inverter-Based D-Statcom Using Neuro-Fuzzy Controller, Resul Çöteli̇, Hakan Açikgöz, Beşi̇r Dandil, Servet Tuncer

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM) is a custom power device connected in parallel to a power system to address electric power quality problems caused by reactive power and harmonics. To obtain high performance from a D-STATCOM, the D-STATCOM's \textit{dq}-axis currents must be controlled in an internal control loop. However, control of the D-STATCOM's currents is difficult because of its nonlinear structure, cross-coupling effect between the \textit{d}- and \textit{q}-axis, undefined dynamics, and fast changing load. Therefore, the controller to be preferred for a D-STATCOM should have a nonlinear and robust structure. In this study, a neuro-fuzzy controller (NFC), which is a …

A Novel Approach For Missing Combat Support Aircraft Search Acceleration Using Vtol Uas, Mohammed Ba Zuhair, Wisam Yousef, Issam Samara, Vladislav Varsegov

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

In this paper, an approach to accelerate search operations for a missing combat support aircraft using a portable waterproof autonomous vertical takeoff and landing unmanned aerial system called “flying locator beacon” is described. The latter is connected with both flight data and cockpit voice recorders with a parallel bus and may be deployed from the empennage during extreme emergency scenarios, which is detected when few flight parameters are overrun leading to an air crash stimulating behavior. Landing of the flying locator beacon strictly takes place on global latitude and longitude coordinates only of integer values enabling significant minimization of search …

Damage Characterization Of Aircraft Fuselage Using Vibrothermography Technique-Review And Analysis, Abbasali Saboktakin

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Vibrothermogrphy is a promising non-destructive technique that uses ultrasonic elastic waves to detect damages and is typically applied in the aerospace and automotive industries. This technique allows for defect selective imaging using thermal waves that are generated by ultrasound waves. In this paper, vibrothermography technique was applied to the aircraft fuselage to detect its damage. The influence of the damage on the temperature distribution at the damage region on the aluminum was investigated by finite element technique. Comprehensive understanding in edge crack in fuselage heating caused by local friction between crack surfaces was obtained.

Space Operations In The Suborbital Space Flight Simulator And Mission Control Center: Lessons Learned With Xcor Lynx, Pedro Llanos, Christopher Nguyen, David Williams, Kim O. Chambers, Erik Seedhouse, Robert Davidson

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

This study was conducted to better understand the performance of the XCOR Lynx vehicle. Because the Lynx development was halted, the best knowledge of vehicle dynamics can only be found through simulator flights. X-Plane 10 was chosen for its robust applications and accurate portrayal of dynamics on a vehicle in flight. The Suborbital Space Flight Simulator (SSFS) and Mission Control Center (MCC) were brought to the Applied Aviation Sciences department in fall 2015 at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach campus. This academic and research tool is a department asset capable of providing multiple fields of data about suborbital simulated flights. …

The General Aviation Pilot Preflight Weather Planning: Weather Products Usability & Limitations, Jayde King, Yolanda Ortiz, Nicholas Defilippis, Thomas A. Guinn, Beth Blickensderfer, Thomas Robert

General Aviation Weather Display Interpretation

Over the last 30 years, a large percentage of weather-related aviation accidents have occurred under General Aviation (GA) operations (FAA, 2010; Fultz & Ashley, 2016; AOPA, 2008).

• Novice Private Pilots VFR into IMC
• High Risk For Incurring Fatality

Aviation Weather Challenges

1. Difficult to interpret Aviation Weather Products
2. Pilot's Decision Making Biases and Errors
3. GA Pilots' Lack of Aviation Weather Experience

Ses And Ecore For Ontology-Based Scenario Modeling In Aviation Scenario Definition Language (Asdl), Shafagh Jafer, Bharvi Chhaya, Bernard P. Zeigler, Umut Durak

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The Aviation Scenario Definition Language (ASDL) is a domain-specific language proposal which aims to provide a standard aviation scenario specification mechanism and enable the reuse of scenario generation methods among different simulators. This paper presents a model-based scenario development approach that exploits Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF) core (Ecore) and System Entity Structure (SES) for metamodeling and modeling these elements. The construction of the ASDL metamodel using both platforms is described to illustrate the processes. As a result of comparing two approaches, it is concluded that they follow a similar structure in the hierarchical definition of modeled elements despite there being …

Perspectives On Designing For A Sustainable Future; Products For The Developed And Developing Worlds, Pearl O'Rourke, Colm O'Kane, Keith Colton

Conference Papers

The aim of a sustainable product solution is to fulfil a user need while creating a net positive sustainable impact - environmentally, socially and economically [1]. The concept of sustainability can be complex for a product design student to come to terms with, since the creation of new physical products consumes the Earth’s scarce natural resources [2]. So, should we ideally have no new products in the future? More likely, we should hope to have more sustainably aware product designers, working for companies that need to - due to regulations or consumer preferences - produce and provide more sustainable product …

Design And Manufacture Of A Precast Pcm Enhanced Concrete Cladding Panel For Full Scale Performance Monitoring, Dervilla Niall, Roger West, Oliver Kinnane

Conference papers

The overall aim of this study is to develop innovative precast cladding panels for the renovation of Europe’s existing building stock thereby improving their energy performance. Using the mass of a building to store heat and/or cold can reduce the demand on the auxiliary heating and/or cooling systems and hence reduce the overall energy demand of the building. Previous laboratory research has shown that the incorporation of phase change materials (PCMs) into concrete enhances its thermal storage capacity by up to 50%. However in a real application where a PCM-concrete composite material is used in a building to store thermal …

Senior Design I, Alessandra Carriero, Luis Cardoso

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Control Of Gas Metal Arc Welding Using Process Sensing And Laser Arc Stabilization For Additive Manufacturing, Dale Brush

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

The goal of the present research was to bridge the gap between powder-based and wire-based additive manufacturing (AM) processes using gas metal arc welding (GMAW). Powder-based AM processes typically can produce components with high geometric resolution (small features), but at low deposition rates. Wire-based AM processes typically can produce components with low geometric resolution, but at high deposition rates. AM with GMAW is a wire-based AM process in the wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) category of AM. To bridge the gap between powder-based and wire-based AM processes, GMAW’s deposition rate has to be reduced, allowing small features to be built. …

Calcium Alginate Capsules Encapsulating Rejuvenator As Healing System For Asphalt Mastic, S. Xu, Amir Tabakovic, X. Liu, E. Schlangen

Research and Innovation - Articles

Researchers have demonstrated that the rejuvenator encapsulation method is a promising autonomic self-healing approach for asphalt pavements, where by the self-healing system improves the healing capacity of an asphalt pavement mix. However, potentially high environmental risk via leaching of hazardous chemicals such as melamine formaldehyde renders the technology unsuitable for widespread use in road design. This paper explores the potential for the use of more environmentally friendly and economically viable rejuvenator encapsulation method, where the calcium alginate is used as rejuvenator encapsulation material. The capsule morphology and microstructure were studied using the Microscopy and X-ray tomography. Capsules thermal and mechanical …

Highly Sensitive Displacement Sensor Based On Composite Interference Established Within A Balloon-Shaped Bent Multimode Fiber Structure, Ke Tian, Gerald Farrell, Xianfan Wang, Elfed Lewis, Pengfei Wang

Articles

A novel optical fiber displacement sensor based on composite interference established within a balloon-shaped bent multimode (BSBM) fiber structure is described and experimentally demonstrated. The BSBM fiber structure is realized by bending a straight single-mode–multimode–single-mode (SMS) fiber structure into a balloon shape using a length of capillary tube to fix the shape of the structure. Owing to the bend in the multimode waveguide, the original undistorted multimode interference pattern is changed, and an extra Mach–Zehnder interferometer is effectively introduced within the multimode fiber (MMF) section at a suitable bending radius. This established composite interference greatly improves the displacement sensing performance …

Developing A Methodology For Estimating The Growth Of Radiated Emission From Multi-Modular Systems, Kaustav Ghosh

Masters Theses

"The large multiscale problems are commonly faced in real-world applications such as analysis of electromagnetic interference for a printed circuit board installed on a large platform with connected cables, wires and other high speed interfaces. EMI problems are not uncommon in high speed systems which involve multiple modules of complex hardware. As the system clock frequency and data rate increases, so does the challenges in controlling the EMI in such systems. The costs to prototype and to develop networking equipment are growing as a result of increasing complexities and densities. EMC regulations require radiated emission testing to be done in …

The Role Of Dense Slurry In Achieving Zero Liquid Discharge, D.M. Timmons, Istvan Kovacsics

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

The Coal Combustion Residual (CCR) and Effluent Limitations Guidelines (ELGs) rules pose significant technical and economic challenges for ash management and for treatment and discharge of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater at coal-fired power plants. Beneficial use is always a priority for ash, but only about half is being reused on a national basis, and the rest is destined for disposal. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency identified biological treatment as the baseline treatment technology for FGD wastewater in the ELGs. However, it is becoming evident that bioreactors exhibit high capital and operating costs, occupy significant space, and are sensitive to …

Evaluation Of 2-Cell Rc Box Culverts, Hossein Sharifi

Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering

Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts (RCBCs) are an integral part of the national and international transportation infrastructure. The National Bridge Inventory Standards (NBIS) requires that all bridges, which include culverts with spans ≥ 20 ft. (6.1 m), be load rated for safe load carrying capacity in accordance with the AASHTO Manual for Bridge Evaluation (MBE). In Kentucky, the Transportation Cabinet manages more than 15,500 bridges, of which almost 1,400 are bridge size culverts. Of the 1241 bridge size RCBCs that were being evaluated in Kentucky between 2015 and 2018, 846 were 2-cell culverts (or 68%). The objective in this study is …

Risk Management And Practice Alignment For Utility Coordination On Transportation Projects, Roy E. Sturgill Jr.

Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering

Utility coordination is an exceedingly complex effort of managing, communicating, and facilitating the avoidance and relocation of utility facilities as needed for highway projects. Utility coordination occurs throughout the design and delivery of a project and best practices are used to make sure this occurs efficiently and in the best interest of the public, who are not only the taxpayers but also the ratepayers. Recent research has attempted to enhance utility location technology and procedures, instill frameworks and tools for utility coordination, and proceduralize risk management relative to utility coordination. However, research attempting to improve various aspects of utility coordination …

3d Human Face Reconstruction And 2d Appearance Synthesis, Yajie Zhao

Theses and Dissertations--Computer Science

3D human face reconstruction has been an extensive research for decades due to its wide applications, such as animation, recognition and 3D-driven appearance synthesis. Although commodity depth sensors are widely available in recent years, image based face reconstruction are significantly valuable as images are much easier to access and store.

In this dissertation, we first propose three image-based face reconstruction approaches according to different assumption of inputs.

In the first approach, face geometry is extracted from multiple key frames of a video sequence with different head poses. The camera should be calibrated under this assumption.

As the first approach is …

Investigation Of Volatile Organic Compounds (Vocs) Detected At Vapor Intrusion Sites, Mohammadyousef Roghani

Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering

This dissertation investigates unexplained vapor intrusion field data sets that have been observed at hazardous waste sites, including: 1) non-linear soil gas concentration trends between the VOC source (i.e. contaminated groundwater plume) and the ground surface; and, 2) alternative pathways that serve as entry points for vapors to infiltrate into buildings and serve to increase VOC exposure risks as compared to the classic vapor intrusion model, which primarily considered foundation cracks as the route for vapor entry. The overall hypothesis of this research is that theoretical knowledge of fate and transport processes can be systematically applied to vapor intrusion field …