Engineering Commons^™

Eng- Semicon: Understanding Nanoscale Heat Transport In Wide- And Ultrawide Bandgap Semiconductors Using Novel Deep Ultraviolet Tools, Joshua Lee Knobloch

Funded Research Records

No abstract provided.

Click-Ready Gold Nanoparticles From Aqueous Mechanochemistry: 2-Propynylamine As A Reducing Agent And Surface Ligand, Amber L. Garcia, Brian S. Mitchell, Amanda Reusch, Mark J. Fink, Juan P. Hinestroza, Yelin Ko, Julie P. Vanegas

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We report a rapid aqueous method for synthesizing monodisperse gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), employing 2-propynylamine as both an intrinsic reducing agent and a surface-stabilizing ligand. This self-mediated process—achieved in a single step—yields spherical AuNPs with an average diameter of 4.0 ± 1.0 nm and a well-defined localized surface plasmon resonance band centered at 520 nm. Acting as a bifunctional molecule, 2-propynylamine simultaneously reduces HAuCl4·3H2O to elemental gold and passivates the nanoparticle surface through coordination via the amine group, while preserving a terminal alkyne (–C≡CH) functionality. This reactive moiety remains exposed and chemically accessible, enabling post-synthetic modification through Cu(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition. Control …

Evaluation Of Peening Intensity With Nozzle-Mounted Sensor During Processing, Akinori Matsui, Shuji Hayashida, Yuji Kobayashi

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

In recent years, digital technologies have been increasingly applied in manufacturing, including visualization and anomaly detection in production equipment. In shot peening, Peening Intensity is a key process control indicator, but its measurement requires significant manual effort. This study aims to evaluate the possibility of using an AE-sensor-mounted nozzle to estimate Peening Intensity. We conducted experiments comparing sensor outputs with experimented Intensity under controlled conditions. A strong correlation (R² ≥ 0.95) was observed, suggesting that Peening Intensity can be estimated via AE sensing. This approach may contribute to labor-saving and automation in shot peening processes.

Comparison Of Anti-Fouling Performance Of Textured Glass Surface Fabricated By Ductile-Mode Peening And Precision Grinding, Hayato Tagaya, Yutaka Kameyama, Shuhei Kodama, Hideaki Sato, Kento Shinagawa, Ayumu Sekiguchi, Seiji Hirai, Hitoshi Ohmori

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

Recently, there has been a growing demand for precision processing glass. In addition to dimensional accuracy, surface texturing to impart functional properties has attracted increasing attention. For example, anti-fouling performance against powder adhesion is required for cover glasses of solar cells. Powder adhesion is governed by van der Waals forces, which depend on the surface texture of the substrate, suggesting that surface structures influence adhesion behavior. Our previous study demonstrated that angled fine particle peening (FPP) could fabricate a nanoscale fine texture on glass surfaces through ductile-mode peening—glass processing without brittle fracture. In this study, the effect of surface texturing …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Localized Masking To Prevent Changes In Residual Stress When Shot Peening, James R. Harrison, James Pineault, Tom Mills

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

When shot peening components, it is common practice to mask certain localized regions where peening roughness is not desirable. For example, surfaces that have been highly machined such as bearing races or areas of interference-fit may require masking to protect them from the cold working effects of shot peening. Oftentimes shot peening the grip sections of fatigue test coupons can prevent cracking and failures due to fretting fatigue in the grip area but could affect the outcome of the test if applied to the gauge section of the coupons. Thus, maintaining an “as machined” surface roughness is the most common …

The Use Of A Dynamic Imaging System To Characterize Particle Size And Shape For Shot Peening Media, Matthew Spink, Tod Canty, Langdon Feltner, Paul Mort

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

Shot peening is a cold working process that enhances the mechanical properties of components such as springs, axles, and gears. Shot media are projected at a high velocity against the material’s surface, creating a layer of compressive residual stress that improves fatigue and wear resistance of the material. The size and shape of the media affect the residual stress layer that is created. To ensure consistent quality, it is critical to characterize and control the particle size and shape distribution of the shot media, both as-manufactured and in the working mix. This paper presents how the use of a dynamic …

Microstructural Changes And Residual Stress Generation On The Periodically Patterned Surface Texture Fabricated By Angled Fine Particle Peening, Yutaka Kameyama, Hideaki Sato, Ryokichi Shimpo

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

Focusing on the potential of peening technology as a surface texturing technique, angled fine particle peening (angled-FPP) has been proposed to fabricate a specific periodical surface structure, which possibly provides various surface functions. It is necessary to further characterize the textured surface to earn more advantages from angled-FPP. Thus, in this paper, texture formation phenomena, residual stress, and microstructural changes were investigated on the angled-FPP specimens.

Methodologies And Applications Of Precision Shot Peening To Hole Or Slot Geometry, James C. Hoffman

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

Shot peening, a commonly used method of fatigue and surface enhancement, is a critical process in many of the components in the aerospace industry. When it comes to small holes and/or slot geometries in these components, the process can become a challenge when these features are smaller than a conventional size Almen strip. In these cases, a decision must be made about how to process this type of geometry. Oftentimes, the method to apply the shot peen process is already defined in a process specification or part print so we must adhere to that method. If a method is not …

Portable Inspection Technology For Shot Peening As Preventive Maintenance At Steel Bridges, Yoshihiro Watanabe, Ryosuke Watanabe, Mitsuru Handa, Kanehisa Hattori, Masato Yamawaki, Koji Kinoshita

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) is a non-destructively technique to study open-volume lattice defects such as vacancies or dislocations, which is used for fatigue, aging and shot peening inspection. In this study, we developed a portable PALS apparatus that has the ability for on-site measurement[1,2]. We developed the light-shielding technique which enable us to do on-site measurement. Furthermore, we downsized the apparatus size using Monte Carlo simulation technique. We validated that the developed portable apparatus has the same measurement capabilities as the conventional system[1]. We concluded that the developed portable apparatus is sufficiently able to capture the change caused by …

The E-Strip® As A Tool For Predictive Maintenance To Monitor And Control Shot Peening Processes, Walter A. Beach, Scott Glasier

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

The primary objective of this paper is to demonstrate the E-Strip® is capable of providing real-time feedback to the machine controller for making necessary process adjustments due to external forces, such as machine wear. Adjustments may include regulating air pressure and shot flow within pre-defined tolerances dictated by specification. It is anticipated that this integrated approach will significantly reduce variations in intensity levels observed from part to part and lot to lot.

Roughness Parameters For Evaluating Blasted Or Shot Peened Surfaces, Stefanie Stoeckel, Sophie Groeger

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

A review of the papers presented at the last three International Conferences on Shot Peening revealed that the most used parameters are Ra and Rz. There has been comparatively little exploration of other parameters, particularly the S-parameters. Furthermore, the ISO 4287 standard for profile parameters was replaced by the new ISO 21920-2 standard in 2021. This is accompanied by the introduction of new parameters as well as alterations to existing ones. This paper demonstrates the limitations of Ra and Rz, as well as Sa and Sz, and explores additional areal and profile parameters that are useful for the description of …

E-Strip® Peening Intensity Sensor - Linearity, Variability And Connectivity, Sylvain A. Forgues, Brigitte Labelle, Ramzi Ben Moussa, Sebastien Beaugrand, Raphael Sarraillon, Sergio Amaya

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

This paper presents the E-Strip®, a novel electronic sensor developed by Shockform to digitally measure shot peening intensity at the part level. Motivated by the limitations of traditional Almen strips—namely, manual handling, time consumption, and susceptibility to human error—the E-Strip® offers a faster, more reliable, and connected alternative. Extensive testing confirmed the E-Strip® output maintains excellent linearity with Almen intensity across a wide range of media and impact levels (R² > 0.997), and its adjustable sensitivity ensures compatibility from low to high intensities. Variability studies showed the E-Strip® provides similar or better consistency than Almen strips at low intensities, although higher …

Improving Fatigue Strength And Life Of Single Crystal Cmsx-4, Jochen Peter Fuhr, Lloyd Hackel, Nicolau I. Morar, Noah Holtham, Keivan Davami, Montu Sharma, Rajkumar Roy

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

The deep penetration of laser peening (LP) and retention of residual stress at high temperature by LP is significant in improving fatigue life and strength of superalloys exposed to high temperature and corrosion. Single crystal CMSX-4, was evaluated for stress relaxation and both fatigue life and fatigue strength of material that was LP-treated compared to non-LP and shot-peened (SP) specimens. LP was done with multiple layers using a 20 J/pulse laser where the laser high energy enabled using a 5 mm spot size on the metal surface. Stress measurements by the slitting technique showed the plastic penetration depth exceeded SP …

Application Of Burnishing Process Expected To Frictional Heat To Non-Oriented Electromagnetic Steel Sheet, Yuji Kobayashi, Masato Okada

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

Burnishing is a technology used to improve the surface roughness of metals. On the other hand, it is expected that the metal structure near the surface will change due to strong distortion.

The magnetic properties of electromagnetic steel sheets depend on large crystal grains and fine crystals near the surface[1]. In particular, thinner fine crystal grain layers on the surface are expected to reduce iron loss. In this study, the power generation characteristics of Burnished electromagnetic steel sheets were evaluated.

Electromotive force waveform was evaluated by rotating the laminated electromagnetic steel sheets and using a spindle motor. The electromotive force …

The Effects Of Shot Peening Highly Loaded Compression Springs, David J. Breuer

15th International Conference on Shot Peening

The compression spring in this test study is typical of one used in a demanding off-road vehicle suspension. The cyclic loads applied during fatigue tests were severe enough to cause failure in approximately 11,000 cycles without shot peening.

The objectives of this study were the following: (1) Design a compression spring similar to those used in the off-road recreational industry. (2) Design & manufacture a fatigue test stand that could withstand high loads for months of testing. (3) Generate a matrix of shot peening treatments to produce different amounts of residual compressive stress. (4) Measure the shot peening residual compressive …

Experimental Study Of Energy Conversion Efficiency Improvement Of Photovoltaic (Pv) Module Using Hybrid Cooling System, Olufisayo O. Babalola, Olatunji W. Olademeji, Joseph B. Samson

Al-Bahir

The elevation of the photovoltaic module operating temperature resulting in diminution of its energy conversion efficiency is one of the key limitations to its application. A decrease of power delivered performance by 0.4-0.5% per 1 rise over its Standard Test Condition (STC) accounted for the overheating of the PV module. This study evaluates the energy conversion efficiency improvement of a PV module using hybrid cooling system. An hourly segmented hybrid cooling system made up of aluminum fins as passive cooling segment and helical structured copper tubules for water conduction as active cooling segment helps to improve the energy conversion efficiency …

Antioxidants And Metabolic Biomarkers: Clinical Insights In Breast Cancer Patients, Rania Kareem, Emad Yousif, Taghried Salman, Muna Bufaroosha

AUIQ Technical Engineering Science

Breast cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths among women and the most common life-threatening malignancy identified in this population. The second most common cause of cancer-related fatalities in women is breast cancer. According to the most recent Iraq Cancer Requisition, breast cancer is the most common kind of cancer in women in Iraq, making up almost one-third of all female malignancies. Total of 100 patients with breast cancer was used in this study and compared to 100 healthy groups. Serum levels of vitamin C, vitamin E, Triglycerides, HDL, prolactin, cysteine protease, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were measured …

Nonlinear Analytical Models Of The Seismically Isolated ``Frame-Boiler'' System With Cantilever-Type Hysteresis Dampers, Aleksandr Mikhailovich Anushchenko, Dmitrii Evgenievich Bondarev, Aleksandr Yurievich Schukin

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

This study shows results of development of the ``frame-boiler'' system with hysteresis dampers analytical model. Hysteresis dampers are used as boiler antiseismic bracing. It is noted that simplified analytical models are necessary at the stage of preliminary iterative calculations, when a CAE-modeling is impractical due to significant time costs. The authors have proposed 2 options of analytical models: 2-mass model and 3-mass model. The differential equations of motion for each model are written below. The results of the calculation for seismic impacts are compared with the finite element model. It is shown that 3-mass model gives good match of results …

Advancing Sustainable Structural Solutions: Hemp Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (Hfrp) Reinforcement Bars For Concrete Applications Through Material Selection, Simulation, And Pathways For Future Development, Thomas Cadenazzi, Busra Keles

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

This paper investigates innovative Hemp Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (HFRP) rebars as a sustainable alternative to conventional Carbon Steel (CS) and Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) rebars used as reinforcement in concrete structures. The feasibility of HFRP rebars is assessed, focusing on mechanical properties and sustainability advantages. A virtual tensile test on a modeled M19 HFRP rebar, conducted using Autodesk's Fusion 360, demonstrates tensile strength comparable to CS 235 and greater environmental sustainability than GFRP, despite a slight reduction in stiffness. The study also considers the potential of graphene fiber integration to enhance mechanical properties, underscoring HFRP's adaptability. Findings suggest that HFRP rebars, …

Thermal Performance Variations Of Office Spaces In Educational Buildings Resulting From Façade Orientation: An Egyptian Case Stud, Hesham Safwat, Ahmad Elshamy, Rania Rushdy Moussa, Iman El-Mahallawi El-Mahallawi, Engy Elshazly, Mahmoud Mahmoudalghrieb

Mechanical Engineering

This paper investigates the thermal performance of an office floor within the Faculty of Engineering at the British University in Egypt (BUE), located in Cairo, a city characterized by a hot arid climate. The study focuses on understanding the building’s thermal behavior by comparing two identical office rooms: Room 212 (north-facing) and Room 201 (south facing). Utilizing dynamic thermal simulations with TRNSYS 18 for a full year, the research specifically analyzes the impact of these opposite orientations on indoor space temperature, total cooling loads, the monthly heat absorbed by various building surfaces, and the heat absorbed per unit area for …

Overcoming Variable Illumination In Photovoltaic Snow Monitoring: A Real-Time Robust Drone-Based Deep Learning Approach, Amna Mazen, Ashraf Saleem, Kamyab Yazdipaz, Ana Dyreson

Michigan Tech Publications

Snow accumulation on photovoltaic (PV) panels can cause significant energy losses in cold climates. While drone-based monitoring offers a scalable solution, real-world challenges like varying illumination can hinder accurate snow detection. We previously developed a YOLO-based drone system for snow coverage detection using a Fixed Thresholding segmentation method to discriminate snow from the solar panel; however, it struggled in challenging lighting conditions. This work addresses those limitations by presenting a reliable drone-based system to accurately estimate the Snow Coverage Percentage (SCP) over PV panels. The system combines a lightweight YOLOv11n-seg deep learning model for panel detection with an adaptive image …

Robust Fault Detection And Classification In Power Systems Via Physics-Informed And Data-Driven Learning, Biswash Basnet, Varsha Sen

Graduate Student Scholarship

Electrical faults in power transmission systems can severely affect grid stability, equipment safety, and operational reliability. Traditional protection schemes, particularly distance relays, depend on apparent impedance computation that changes with error, creating a risk of misclassification. The results from relay overreach, underreach, or complete maloperation due to CT/PT saturation lead to developing problems in high impedance situations. These limitations highlight the need for adaptive, data-driven alternatives. This paper proposes an intelligent fault detection and classification model based on supervised machine learning techniques that overcome these challenges. The system’s robustness was validated under different training sizes and Gaussian noise levels, demonstrating …

Effect Of Clays On The Spontaneous Imbibition Behavior Of Surfactant Solutions In Shale Oil Reservoirs, Ning Xu, Yanling Wang, Baojun Bai, Chuanbao Zhang, Shizhang Cui, Yu Zhang, Di Li, Wenjing Shi, Wenhui Ding

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Surfactant-enhanced spontaneous imbibition is a proven method of enhancing oil recovery from shale reservoirs. However, a significant knowledge gap concerning the impact of clay minerals on surfactant-enhanced imbibition in shale reservoirs remains. Therefore, this study first analyzed the mineral composition and pore structure of the shale reservoirs. Subsequently, three surfactants were selected for spontaneous imbibition experiments. The influence of various clay minerals on the surfactant imbibition was assessed by considering various properties of the imbibition system. The results showed that the shale pores primarily consisted of macropores (44.03%) and mesopores (43.94%). Surfactants enhance the imbibition recovery by altering the wettability …

Performance Of A Two-Body Wave Energy Converter With An Annular Heave Plate, Raj Tamakuwala, Muhammad Usman, Nathan Tom, Hassan Masoud

Michigan Tech Publications

We theoretically examine the performance of a two-body wave energy converter (WEC) featuring a floating sphere and a submerged annular heave plate, connected by a power take-off (PTO) system. Utilising linear wave theory, we derive the system's frequency-domain response to regular plane waves and analyse the impact of varying disk porosity on power generation. Our results suggest that annular disks can enhance power extraction efficiency in various cases compared with solid heave plates. Additionally, permeable plates can broaden operational conditions by reducing oscillation amplitudes and decreasing the mechanical strain on the PTO system without substantially compromising the power conversion efficiency. …

Global Transport Emissions 1850–2020: Historical Drivers And Lessons For Transport Decarbonization, Bernardo Tostes, Sofia T. Henriques, Matthew Kuperus Heun, Paul E. Brockway, Tânia Sousa

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

This study analyzes global transport CO2 emissions from 1850 to 2020 using the LMDI method, offering, for the first time, a decomposition over such a long timespan and global scope. Emissions are split into technological and demand-related drivers using a new dataset. Transport efficiency is divided into final-to-useful efficiency and useful energy intensity, a novel distinction. Key findings include: (1) efficiency improvements avoided 9067 Gt CO2 by 2019, with peak impacts in 1950–1973 (-1.62 %/yr) and 2008–2020 (-3.63 %/yr), respectively; (2) these gains were insufficient to counter rising demand, which led to 8252 Gt CO2 in cumulative emissions; (3) demand …

Heat Transfer Enhancement In Cold Plate Heat Exchangers With Trapezoidal Vortex Generators, Montgomery Miller

Student Theses and Dissertations

An experimental investigation was carried out to study the effects of trapezoidal vortex generators (VGs) as a method of thermal enhancement within cold plate heat exchangers. Three different cold plates were imbedded with VGs in the bottom of the flow passage of varying sizes (h/H = 0.195, 0.253, 0.36) and quantity, as well as a cold plate with no VGs to be used as a comparative baseline. Testing was conducted under the laminar, transitional, and turbulent flow regime (Re = 1000 to 5500) using distilled water as the coolant. Experimental results indicate that the addition of VGs provide a positive …

Investigation Of Micronized Rubber Powder As An Alternative To Polymer Modifiers In Asphalt Pavement, Md Torikul Islam

Student Theses and Dissertations

Researchers have increasingly focused on polymer additives to enhance asphalt pavement performance. Crumb rubber (CR), derived from waste vehicle tires, has emerged as a potential modifier. This study investigates Micronized Rubber Powder (MRP), smaller than 75 μm, as an alternative to polymer modifiers. A PG 64-22 binder was modified with 5%, 10%, and 15% MRP (by weight), and the properties were compared with those of an SBS-modified PG 70-22 binder. Physical, mechanical, and chemical properties were assessed. The results indicated that MRP significantly increased viscosity and required higher processing temperatures. MRP-modified binders demonstrated improved rutting resistance, creep recovery, high-temperature performance, …

Comparative Analysis Of Belt-Slider Pan Configurations On The Power Consumption Of Belted Conveyor Systems, Asib Ridwan

Student Theses and Dissertations

Conveyor systems are widely used in industrial applications for material handling, but their high energy consumption remains a significant challenge. This study investigated the influence of different belt-slider pan configurations on conveyor power consumption, aiming to optimize efficiency while minimizing energy losses. Three types of slider pans; mild steel, galvanized steel, and powder-coated steel, were analyzed under controlled experimental conditions to determine the motor torque and power consumption of a test conveyor system under various loading conditions. Torque and power values were derived, plotted, and comparatively analyzed across all configurations to determine performance differences. Static friction coefficients of each type …

Designing A Hybrid Renewable Energy System For The College Of Engineering And Computer Science At Arkansas State University, Partho Das Neer

Student Theses and Dissertations

The main objective of this thesis is to design and analyze the performance of a hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) for the college of engineering and computer science at Arkansas State University. By implementing the framework as a micro-grid to supply the required power to the Lab Science West building of the college. The proposed model ensures energy reliability and cost reduction. The model consists of photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines (WT), and batteries, whereas MATLAB software was used to design the system and the Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) Software is utilized to analyze the effectiveness of the operation …

09.22.2025 Ored Connect, Liz Williamson

ORED Newsletter

• Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award
• MIG Application Opportunity
• 10th Annual Advancing MS Conference