Engineering Commons^™

Iot Ignorance Is Digital Forensics Research Bliss: A Survey To Understand Iot Forensics Definitions, Challenges And Future Research Directions, Tina Wu, Frank Breitinger, Ibrahim Baggili

Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

Interactions with IoT devices generates vast amounts of personal data that can be used as a source of evidence in digital investigations. Currently, there are many challenges in IoT forensics such as the difficulty in acquiring and analysing IoT data/devices and the lack IoT forensic tools. Besides technical challenges, there are many concepts in IoT forensics that have yet to be explored such as definitions, experience and capability in the analysis of IoT data/devices and current/future challenges. A deeper understanding of these various concepts will help progress the field. To achieve this goal, we conducted a survey which received 70 …

Improving The Single Event Effect Response Of Triple Modular Redundancy On Sram Fpgas Through Placement And Routing, Matthew Joel Cannon

Theses and Dissertations

Triple modular redundancy (TMR) with repair is commonly used to improve the reliability of systems. TMR is often employed for circuits implemented on field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to mitigate the radiation effects of single event upsets (SEUs). This has proven to be an effective technique by improving a circuit's sensitive cross-section by up to 100x. However, testing has shown that the improvement offered by TMR is limited by upsets in single configuration bits that cause TMR to fail.This work proposes a variety of mitigation techniques that improve the effectiveness of TMR on FPGAs. These mitigation techniques can alter the …

Development Of A Novel Bioprinting System:Bioprinter, Bioink, Characterizationand Optimization, Chandler Alan Warr

Theses and Dissertations

The use of 3D printing in biological applications is a new field of study given that 3D printing technology has become more available and user friendly. Possible uses include using existing 3D printing polymers to use in extracorporeal or in vitro devices, like Lab-on-a-Chip, and the development of new biologically derived materials to print cell-containing constructs. The latter concept is what is more commonly known as bioprinting. Our research had the goal of developing a bioprinting system including the printer, a bioink, and a feedback system for printing parameter optimization which could be done cheaply and within the reach of …

Probabilistic Analysis Of Slide-Rocking Structures Under Earthquake Loads, Taylor J. Knickerbocker

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Estimates of rare seismic hazard are essential for the resilience of critical infrastructure and facilities. However, these estimates are highly uncertain at long return periods due to the lack of observed earthquake records. Several ground motion prediction equations have been proposed to close this gap and estimate rare seismic demands; however, these models were developed based on more moderate earthquake records and can yield physically unrealizable ground motions when extrapolated to long return periods. For this reason, seismologists have proposed using precariously balanced rocks (PBRs) as a way to constrain rare seismic hazard. PBRs are a type of fragile geologic …

Design And Evaluation Of Sensor Housing For Atmospheric Boundary Layer Profiling Using Multirotors, Ashraful Islam

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Traditional configurations for mounting Temperature–Humidity (TH) sensors on multirotor Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) often suffer from insufficient radiation shielding, exposure to mixed and turbulent air from propellers, and inconsistent aspiration while situated in the wake of the UAS. Consequently, atmospheric boundary layer profiles that rely on such configurations are bias-prone and unreliable in descent. This thesis describes the evolution of a novel sensor housing design over three iterations. The sensor housing is designed to shield airborne sensors from artificial heat sources and artificial wet-bulbing while pulling air from outside the rotor wash influence. The housing is mounted above the propellers …

Control Of Infectious Diseases In A Metapopulation, Ceyda Best

All Dissertations

With the motivation of the complex infectious disease control problem, we provide two different approaches to model the resource allocation problem to control an epidemic in a metapopulation. All of our models utilize a detailed stochastic simulation model that is validated with the data from the 2014 Ebola epidemic. This simulation model provides a tool for comparing the performance of different policies.

The first model defines a dynamic allocation problem, which is modeled by a Markov Decision Process, and aims to find feasible and effective quarantine policies to control an epidemic with limited resources. We assume that the populations share …

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis Of Inverted, Multi-Element Airfoils In Ground Effect, Michael Grabis, Ramesh K. Agarwal

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Formula SAE cars are formula-styled race cars designed to race on an autocross circuit. The autocross circuit is mostly comprised of turning sections as well as a limited amount of straight sections for passing other cars. Highly competitive cars in the competition implement aerodynamic devices to generate negative lift for the race car. This negative lift, or downforce, increases the amount of traction between the race car’s tires and the ground ultimately allowing the drivers to turn at faster speeds. Commonly used aerodynamic devices are a front and rear wing; the wing cross sections are defined by configurations of multiple …

Robust Coil Combination For Bssfp Mri And The Ordering Problem For Compressed Sensing, Nicholas Brian Mckibben

Theses and Dissertations

Balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) is a fast, SNR-efficient magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sequence suffering from dark banding artifacts due to its off-resonance dependence. These banding artifacts are difficult to mitigate at high field strengths and in the presence of metallic implants. Recent developments in parametric modelling of bSSFP have led to advances in banding removal and parameter estimation using multiple phase-cycled bSSFP. With increasing number of coils in receivers, more storage and processing is required. Coil combination is used to reduce dimensionality of these datasets which otherwise might be prohibitively large or computationally intractable for clinical applications. However, our …

A Framework Of Integrating Manufacturing Plants In Smart Grid Operation: Manufacturing Flexible Load Identification, Md. Monirul Islam, Zeyi Sun, Wenqing Hu, Cihan H. Dagli

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the deregulated electricity markets run by Independent System Operator (ISO), a two-settlement (day-ahead and real-time) process is typically used to determine the electricity price to the end-use customers at different buses. In the day-ahead settlement, the demand is predicted at each bus based on the previous consumption behavior of the consumers and thus, Locational Marginal Price (LMP) can be determined and shared to the consumers. A significant gap is usually observed between the planned and real-time demands due to the uncertainties of the weather (temperature, wind-speed etc.), the intensity of business, and everyday activities. Therefore, a large price variation …

System Of Systems (Sos) Architecture For Digital Manufacturing Cybersecurity, Lirim Ashiku, Cihan H. Dagli

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Technology advancements of real time connectivity and computing powers has evolved the way people manage activities triggering heavy reliance on smart devices. This has reshaped the ability to memorize crucial information, instead accumulate the information into devices allowing real-time fingertip access when needed. Inability to access such information when needed is routinely assumed with device malfunctioning bypassing the probability of compromise, but what if the information is now being accessed by adversaries depriving the data-owner access to crucial information? Cyber manufacturing systems are not immune from these issues. It is possible to approach this problem as generating SoS meta-architecture. In …

Preface, Cihan H. Dagli, Gursel A. Suer

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

An Atomistic Approach For The Survey Of Dislocation-Grain Boundary Interactions In Fcc Nickel, Devin William Adams

Theses and Dissertations

It is well known that grain boundaries (GBs) have a strong influence on mechanical properties of polycrystalline materials. Not as well-known is how different GBs interact with dislocations to influence dislocation movement. This work presents a molecular dynamics study of 33 different FCC Ni bicrystals subjected to mechanical loading to induce incident dislocation-GB interactions. The resulting simulations are analyzed to determine properties of the interaction that affect the likelihood of transmission of the dislocation through the GB in an effort to better inform mesoscale models of dislocation movement within polycrystals. It is found that the ability to predict the slip …

More Buildings Make More Generalizable Models—Benchmarking Prediction Methods On Open Electrical Meter Data, Clayton Miller

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Prediction is a common machine learning (ML) technique used on building energy consumption data. This process is valuable for anomaly detection, load profile-based building control and measurement and verification procedures. Hundreds of building energy prediction techniques have been developed over the last three decades, yet there is still no consensus on which techniques are the most effective for various building types. In addition, many of the techniques developed are not publicly available to the general research community. This paper outlines a library of open-source regression techniques from the Scikit-Learn Python library and describes the process of applying them to open …

Toolpath Planning Methodology For Multi-Gantry Fused Filament Fabrication 3d Printing, Hieu Trung Bui

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Additive manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the way industries manufacture and prototype products. Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is one of the most popular processes in AM as it is inexpensive, requires low maintenance, and has high material utilization. However, the biggest drawback that prevents FFF printing from being widely implemented in large-scale production is the cycle time. The most practical approach is to allow multiple collaborating printheads to work simultaneously on different parts of the same object. However, little research has been introduced to support the aforementioned approach. Hence a new toolpath planning methodology is proposed in this paper. The objectives …

Dynamic Prediction Of Treatment Outcomes For Recurrent Tuberculosis Patients, Nicole Hayes

Industrial Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that affects people around the world, especially people in underdeveloped countries. TB is one of the top ten causes of death globally so improvement in understanding diagnosis and treatment of TB affected patients could lead to major improvements in world health. This thesis research evaluated relapse patients specifically, deeming a relapse patient as one who has either been cured or completed their last treatment and then is diagnosed with TB again.

This research uses dynamic predictive modeling, based upon the random forest algorithm, to predict treatment outcomes for recurrent TB patients using demographic and follow-up …

Probabilistic Models For Order-Picking Operations With Multiple In-The-Aisle Pick Positions, Jingming Liu

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The development of probability density functions (pdfs) for travel time of a narrow aisle lift truck (NALT) and an automated storage and retrieval (AS/R) machine is the focus of the dissertation. The multiple in-the-aisle pick positions (MIAPP) order picking system can be modeled as an M/G/1 queueing problem in which storage and retrieval requests are the customers and the vehicle (NALT or AS/R machine) is the server. Service time is the sum of travel time and the deterministic time to pick up and deposit a pallet (TPD).

Our first contribution is the development of travel time pdfs for retrieval operations …

Evaluation Of Data Collection Operations For Real-Time Influenza Surveillance During An Emergency, Yuwen Gu

Dissertations

It is unclear how data collection operations for surveillance alter the disease portrayal that influenza reported trends attempt to provide during an emergency. This study developed a model that simulates the collection and testing of influenza specimens after an outbreak is declared in Michigan. It performed simulation based optimization to understand which operational factors affect the biases between the growth rates of original and observed influenza incidence trends, and to quantify the predictive power of the influenza incidence trends at different points of data collection. The results show that emergency driven high risk perception increases the reporting, which leads to …

Five-Level Flying Capacitor Converter Used As A Static Compensator For Current Unbalances In Three-Phase Distribution Systems, Rafael Franceschi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents and evaluates a solution for unbalanced current loading in three-phase distribution systems. The proposed solution uses the flying capacitor multilevel converter as its main topology for an application known as Unbalanced Current Static Compensator. The fundamental theory, controller design and prototype construction will be presented along with the experimental results. The Unbalanced Current Static Compensator main objective is the balancing of the up-stream currents from the installation point to eliminate the negative- and zero-sequence currents originated by unbalanced single-phase loads.

Three separate single-phase flying capacitor converters are controlled independently using a d-q rotating reference frame algorithm to …

Automatic Methods To Enhance The Quality Of Colonoscopy Video, Nidhal Kareem Shukur Azawi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Colonoscopy is a form of endoscopy because it uses colonoscopy device to help the doctor to understand a colon patient. Enhancing the quality of Colonoscopy images is a challenge because of the wet and dynamic environment inside the colon causes many problems even the colonoscope devise has a good quality. Some of these problems are blurriness, specular highlights shiny areas.

In this work, different kinds of techniques have been investigated in order to improve the quality of colonoscopy images. Also, variety of preprocessing approaches (removing bad images, resizing images, median filtration with and without image resizing) have been conducted to …

Backstepping Control And Transformation Of Multi-Input Multi-Output Affine Nonlinear Systems Into A Strict Feedback Form, Khalid Salim D. Alharbi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents an improved method for controlling multi-input multi-output affine nonlinear systems. A method based on Lie derivatives of the system's outputs is proposed to transform the system into an equivalent strict feedback form. This enables using backstepping control approaches based on Lyapunov stability and integrator backstepping theory to be applied. The geometrical coordinate transformation of multi-input multi-output affine nonlinear systems into strict feedback form has not been detailed in previous publications. In this research, a new approach is presented that extends the transformation process of single-input single-output nonlinear. A general algorithm of the transformation process is formulated. The …

A Simulation Tool For Evaluating The Environmental Impacts Of Management Scenarios For Modern Broiler Production Systems, Martin Andrew Christie

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this work is to provide a simulation tool that allows broiler production practitioners and researchers to simulate the effects of farm design and management practices on resource consumption and environmental impacts. This tool allows the user to design unique farms and simulates on farm processes required to raise broiler chicks to a marketable age. The use can input data such as farm location, broiler breed, flock size, ration type, barn dimensions, and climate control equipment specifications. The algorithms used to simulate broiler breed specific feed intake, broiler weight gain, and other on farm processes such as heating, …

Decision Making For Improving Maritime Traffic Safety Using Constraint Programming, Saumya Bhatnagar, Akshat Kumar, Hoong Chuin Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Maritime navigational safety is of utmost importance to prevent vessel collisions in heavily trafficked ports, and avoid environmental costs. In case of a likely near miss among vessels, port traffic controllers provide assistance for safely navigating the waters, often at very short lead times. A better strategy is to avoid such situations from even happening. To achieve this, we a) formalize the decision model for traffic hotspot mitigation including realistic maritime navigational features and constraints through consultations with domain experts; and b) develop a constraint programming based scheduling approach to mitigate hotspots. We model the problem as a variant of …

Measuring Risks Of Interdependencies In Enterprise Systems: An Application To Ghana’S Salt Enterprise, Yaw Mensah

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation describes the use of Functional Dependency Network Analysis (FDNA) for modeling risks resulting from dependencies among elements of enterprise systems with application to salt processing enterprise in Ghana. FDNA was developed to model dependencies among members of enterprise systems by highlighting two dimensions of dependency: strength and criticality. Nonetheless, the concepts and analytics for these two dimensions of dependencies needed further development and generalization in the context of project management and systems development in developing countries.

Managing risks within the interdependency in enterprise systems through integration will help improve global economic growth. Coherent theory for enterprise integration must …

Low-Rank Sparse Subspace For Spectral Clustering, Xiaofeng Zhu, Shichao Zhang, Yonggang Li, Jilian Zhang, Lifeng Yang, Yue Fang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The current two-step clustering methods separately learn the similarity matrix and conduct k means clustering. Moreover, the similarity matrix is learnt from the original data, which usually contain noise. As a consequence, these clustering methods cannot achieve good clustering results. To address these issues, this paper proposes a new graph clustering methods (namely Low-rank Sparse Subspace clustering (LSS)) to simultaneously learn the similarity matrix and conduct the clustering from the low-dimensional feature space of the original data. Specifically, the proposed LSS integrates the learning of similarity matrix of the original feature space, the learning of similarity matrix of the low-dimensional …

Simulated Tremor Propagation In The Upper Limb: From Muscle Activity To Joint Displacement, Thomas Corie, Steven Knight Charles

Faculty Publications

Although tremor is the most common movement disorder, there are few non-invasive treatment options. Creating effective tremor suppression devices requires a knowledge of where tremor originates mechanically (which muscles) and how it propagates through the limb (to which degrees of freedom, DOF).

To simulate tremor propagation, we created a simple model of the upper limb, with tremorogenic activity in the 15 major superficial muscles as inputs and tremulous joint displacement in the 7 major DOF as outputs. The model approximated the muscle excitation-contraction dynamics, musculoskeletal geometry, and mechanical impedance of the limb.

From our simulations, we determined fundamental principles for …

Binder Jetting: A Review Of Process, Materials, And Methods, Mohsen Ziaee, Nathan B. Crane

Faculty Publications

Binder Jet printing is an additive manufacturing technique that dispenses liquid binding agent on powder. Layers are formed repeatedly to build up a physical article. Binder jetting (BJ) can be adapted to almost any powder with high production rates. The BJ process utilizes a broad range of technologies including printing methods, powder deposition, dynamic binder/powder interaction, and post-processing methods. A wide variety of materials have been demonstrated including polymers, metals, and ceramics, but a common challenge is developing printing and post-processing methods that maximize part performance. This article presents a broad review of technologies and approaches that have been applied …

Takeoff And Performance Tradeoffs Of Retrofit Distributed Electric Propulsion For Urban Transport, Kevin Moore, Andrew Ning

Faculty Publications

While vertical takeoff and landing aircraft have shown promise for urban air transport, distributed electric propulsion on existing aircraft may offer immediately implementable alternatives. Distributed electric propulsion could potentially decrease takeoff distances enough to enable thousands of potential inter-city runways. This conceptual study explores the effects of a retrofit of open-bladed electric propulsion units. To model and explore the design space we use blade element momentum method, vortex lattice method, linear-beam finite element analysis, classical laminate theory, composite failure, empirically-based blade noise modeling, motor and motor-controller mass models, and gradient-based optimization. With liftoff time of seconds and the safe total …

Machine Learning Methodology Review For Computational Electromagnetics, He Ming Yao, Lijun Jiang, Huan Huan Zhang, Wei E.I. Sha

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

While machine learning is revolutionizing every corner of modern technologies, we have been attempting to explore whether machine learning methods could be used in computational electromagnetic (CEM). In this paper, five efforts in line with this direction are reviewed. They include forward methods such as the method of moments (MoM) solved by the artificial neural network training process, FDTD PML (perfectly matched layer) using the hyperbolic tangent basis function (HTBF), etc. There are also inverse problems that use the deep ConvNets for the effective source reconstruction and subwavelength imaging in the far-field. Benchmarks are provided to demonstrate the feasibility of …

Detection Of Sensor Attacks In Uncertain Stochastic Linear Systems, Chandreyee Bhowmick, S. Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A novel attack detection scheme is developed for linear discrete-time systems with unknown dynamics that are subject to the additive process and output measurements noise. A novel stochastic adaptive observer is proposed to estimate the state vector in the presence of noisy sensor measurements and uncertain dynamics, and also to generate the innovation signal to detect attacks using a modified $\chi2} $ detector. It has been shown that the innovation signal, which is defined as the difference between the measured and the estimated output from the observer, has a Gaussian distribution with non-zero mean. The modified $\chi^ {2} $ detector …

Infrared Glass–Ceramics With Multidispersion And Gradient Refractive Index Attributes, Laura Sisken, Myungkoo Kang, Johann M. Veras, Charmayne Lonergan, Andrew Buff, Anupama Yadav, Devon Mcclane, Cesar Blanco, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Theresa S. Mayer, Kathleen A. Richardson

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Infrared (IR) glass–ceramics (GCs) hold the potential to dramatically expand the range of optical material solutions available for use in bulk and planar optical systems in the IR. Current material solutions are limited to single- or polycrystalline materials and traditional IR-transparent optical glasses. GCs that can be processed with spatial control and extent of induced crystallization present the opportunity to realize an effective refractive index variation, enabling arbitrary gradient refractive index elements with tailored optical function. This work discusses the role of the parent glass composition and morphology on nanocrystal phase formation in a multicomponent chalcogenide glass. Through a two-step …