Engineering Commons^™

The Aim To Decentralize Economic Systems With Blockchains And Crypto, Mary Lacity

Arkansas Law Review

As an information systems (“IS”) professor, I wrote this Article for legal professionals new to blockchains and crypto. This target audience likely is most interested in crypto for its legal implications—depending on whether it functions as currencies, securities, commodities, or properties; however, legal professionals also need to understand crypto’s origin, how transactions work, and how they are governed.

Acknowledgement Of Reviewers

Journal of Sustainable Mining

No abstract provided.

Hygrothermal Risk Assessment Of External Wall Insulation Retrofit To Non-Traditional Wall Types In An Irish Context, Using The Glaser Method And A Heat, Air And Moisture Transient Model, Gareth Mcdonnell, Joseph Little

Articles

The Climate Action Plan 2019 targets the low-energy retrofit of 500,000 existing Irish homes before 2030.1 Up to 80 per cent of building failures can be attributed to moisture risks.2 The literature indicated that external wall insulation (EWI, ETICS) failures are mostly due to moisture ingress at junctions and interfaces. A hygrothermal risk assessment of EWI on three walls with rendered concrete/concrete blockwork/cavity walls in Dublin, Belfast and Belmullet was undertaken using transient numerical simulation and the Glaser method. The guidance, common practice indicates a preference for Glaser. The initial simulation results were compared to assess the appropriateness of Glaser. …

Miniaturized Fluorescence Ph Sensor With Assembly Free Ball Lens On A Tapered Multimode Optical Fiber, Bohong Zhang, Farhan Mumtaz, Muhammad Roman, Dinesh Reddy Alla, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In biochemistry, the absence of a compact, assembly-free pH sensor with high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio has been a persistent hurdle in achieving accurate pH measurements in real time, particularly in complex liquid environments. This manuscript introduces what we believe to be a novel solution in the form of a miniaturized pH sensor utilizing an assembly-free ball lens on a tapered multimode optical fiber (TMMF), offering the potential to revolutionize pH sensing in biochemical applications. A multimode optical fiber (MMF) was subjected to tapering processes, leading to the creation of an ultra-thin needle-like structure with a cross-sectional diameter of about …

Upconversion Photoluminescence Of Monolayer Wse2 With Biaxial Strain Tuning, Shrawan Roy, Jie Gao, Xiaodong Yang

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Mechanical strain can be used to tune the optical properties of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (1L-TMDs). Here, up conversion photoluminescence (UPL) from 1L-WSe₂ flakes is tuned with biaxial strain induced by cruciform bending and indentation method. It is found that the peak position of UPL is redshifted by around 24 nm as the applied biaxial strain increases from 0% to 0.51%. At the same time, the UPL intensity increases exponentially for the up-conversion energy difference that lies within a broad range between −157 meV to −37 meV. The observed linear and sublinear power dependence of UPL emission in 1L-WSe …

High Crystalline Quality Homoepitaxial Si-Doped Β-Ga2O3(010) Layers With Reduced Structural Anisotropy Grown By Hot-Wall Mocvd, D. Gogova, D. Q. Tran, V. Jokubavicius, L. Vines, M. Schubert, R. Yakimova, P. P. Paskov, V. Darakchieva

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

A new growth approach, based on the hot-wall metalorganic chemical vapor deposition concept, is developed for high-quality homoepitaxial growth of Si-doped single-crystalline β-Ga₂O₃ layers on (010)-oriented native substrates. Substrate annealing in argon atmosphere for 1 min at temperatures below 600 ^oC is proposed for the formation of epi-ready surfaces as a cost-effective alternative to the traditionally employed annealing process in oxygen-containing atmosphere with a time duration of 1 h at about 1000 ^oC. It is shown that the on-axis rocking curve widths exhibit anisotropic dependence on the azimuth angle with minima for in-plane direction …

Ai And 6g Into The Metaverse: Fundamentals, Challenges And Future Research Trends, Muhammad Zawish, Fayaz Ali Dharejo, Sunder Ali Khowaja, Saleem Raza, Steven Davy, Kapal Dev, Paolo Bellavista

Articles

Since Facebook was renamed Meta, a lot of attention, debate, and exploration have intensified about what the Metaverse is, how it works, and the possible ways to exploit it. It is anticipated that Metaverse will be a continuum of rapidly emerging technologies, usecases, capabilities, and experiences that will make it up for the next evolution of the Internet. Several researchers have already surveyed the literature on artificial intelligence (AI) and wireless communications in realizing the Metaverse. However, due to the rapid emergence and continuous evolution of technologies, there is a need for a comprehensive and in-depth survey of the role …

The Outburst Probability Index (Ww) As A New Tool In The Coal Seam Outburst Hazard Forecasting, Marcin Dreger, Piotr Celary

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Gas and rock outbursts are one of the most unpredictable natural hazards in Polish and worldwide underground mining. The complexity and unpredictability of this phenomenon make forecasting and underground prevention difficult to achieve. Gas-geodynamic phenomenon occurs in greater intensity in the southern part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) – close to the Bzie-Czechowice fault zone. The relatively low firmness of coal combined with high methane content and pressure may result in a coal seam outburst. To forecast the gas and rock outburst occurrence, the sorption capacity and gas diffusion parameters are used in Polish coal mining. To provide …

Monodispersed Cu-Tcpp/Cu2O Hybrid Microspheres: A Superior Cascade Electrocatalyst Toward Co2 Reduction To C2 Products, Zi-Xuan Wan, Aidar Kuchkaev, Dmitry Yakhvarov, Xiong-Wu Kang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into valuable chemicals is a feasible way to mitigate the negative impacts of overmuch CO₂ emissions. Porphyrin-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are expected to be used for selective and efficient electrochemical CO₂ reduction (ECR) with porous structure and ordered active sites. Herein, we report the synthesis of a monodispersed and spherical organic/inorganic hybrid Cu-TCPP@Cu₂O electrocatalyst composed of Cu-TCPP (TCPP=tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin) and Cu₂O, where TCPP plays significant roles in regulating the morphology. In-situ formed Cu during ECR process in combination with Cu-TCPP (Cu-TCPP@Cu) can suppress …

Rational Design Of Heterostructured Nanomaterials For Accelerating Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Kinetics In Alkaline Media, Hai-Bin Ma, Xiao-Yan Zhou, Jia-Yi Li, Hong-Fei Cheng, Ji-Wei Ma

Journal of Electrochemistry

Owing to the merits of high energy density, as well as clean and sustainable properties, hydrogen has been deemed to be a prominent alternative energy to traditional fossil fuels. Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has been considered to be mostly promising for achieving green hydrogen production, and has been widely studied in acidic and alkaline solutions. In particular, HER in alkaline media has high potential to achieve large-scale hydrogen production because of the increased durability of electrode materials. However, for the currently most prominent catalyst Pt, its HER kinetics in an alkaline solution is generally 2–3 orders lower than that …

Stability Of A Solid Oxide Cell Stack Under Direct Internal-Reforming Of Hydrogen-Blended Methane, Ya-Fei Tang, An-Qi Wu, Bei-Bei Han, Hua Liu, Shan-Jun Bao, Wang-Lin Lin, Ming Chen, Wan-Bing Guan, Subhash C. Singhal

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this work, the long-term stability and degradation mechanism of a direct internal-reforming solid oxide fuel cell stack (IR-SOFC stack) using hydrogen-blended methane steam reforming were investigated. An overall degradation rate of 2.3%·kh^–1 was found after the stack was operated for 3000 hours, indicating a good long-term stability. However, the voltages of the two cells in the stack were increased at the rates of 3.38 mV·kh^–1 and 3.78 mV·kh^–1, while the area specific resistances of the three metal interconnects in the stack were increased to 0.276 Ω·cm², 0.254 Ω·cm² and 0.249 Ω·cm^{2 …}

Virtual Test Beds For Image-Based Control Simulations Using Blender, Akkarakaran Francis Leonard, Govanni Gjonaj, Minhazur Rahman, Helen E. Durand

Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications

Process systems engineering research often utilizes virtual testbeds consisting of physics- based process models. As machine learning and image processing become more relevant sensing frameworks for control, it becomes important to address how process systems engineers can research the development of control and analysis frameworks that utilize images of physical processes. One method for achieving this is to develop experimental systems; another is to use software that integrates the visualization of systems, as well as modeling of the physics, such as three-dimensional graphics software. The prior work in our group analyzed image-based control for the small-scale example of level in …

Aerodynamic Investigation Of Naca 0020 Airfoil With Extended And Serrated Trailing Edge At Various Turbulent Intensities, Livya E

Theses and Dissertations

Lift (upward force) is a significant aerodynamic component that directly relates to the aerodynamic efficiency (lift-to-drag ratio) of the airfoil. Enhancement of airfoil lift is important for industries like wind turbines, aircraft, and turbo machinery. The present study investigates the NACA series airfoil by modifying the trailing edge in the form of extension and serration. The angle of attack was changed from 0° to 35° instep of 5°, and the airflow Reynolds number was fixed as 2.14 × 105. To figure out the flow behavior, surface pressure has been collected from the 50 pressure ports provided over the airfoil surface. …

Natural Language Processing Analysis Of Online Reviews For Small Business: Extracting Insight From Small Corpora, Benjamin J. Mccloskey, Phillip M. Lacasse, Bruce A. Cox

Faculty Publications

Receiving and acting on customer input is essential to sustaining and growing any service organization, particularly a small family business whose livelihood depends on strong relationships with its customers. The competitive advantage offered by advanced analytical approaches for supporting decisions is not trivial, and enterprises across virtually all domains of society are investing heavily in this emerging discipline. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a subset of computer science that employs computational approaches to analyze human language; it is effective at extracting insight from text data but frequently requires large corpora to train its models, in the scale of thousands or …

Use Of Hybrid Fibers And Shrinkage Mitigating Materials In Scc For Repair Applications, Kamran Aghaee, Kamal H. Khayat

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is used to repair structural elements with congested reinforcement or restricted access to placement and consolidation. In addition to adequate flowability, passing ability, filling capacity, and stability, adequate bonding to the substrate and reinforcing bars, low shrinkage and cracking resistance are required for successful repair. This study employs various shrinkage mitigating materials, including expansive agent (EA), coupled use of EA with shrinkage reducing admixture (SRA), and EA with pre-saturated lightweight sand (LWS) to fulfill these requirements. The effect of these materials on the performance of SCC made with a hybrid synthetic (PP) fiber and a hybrid steel-synthetic …

Development Of A New Approach Using An Artificial Neural Network For Estimating Oil Formation Volume Factor At Bubble Point Pressure Of Egyptian Crude Oil, Attia Attia, Abdelrahman Gouda Eng.

Petroleum Engineering and Gas

Understanding the phase behavior and volumetric changes of reservoir fluids throughout the extent of reservoir lifetime are crucially required for effective-commercial oil recoveries. Ideally, reservoir fluid properties are experimentally measured by laboratory experiments known as PVT tests nonetheless, these tests are prohibitive, time-consuming, and required to restrict sampling and transporting procedures. For these discernible reasons, several modeling approaches have been developed. By reviewing the literature, one crucial obstacle that encounters field applicability of most extant models is the selection of input variables. Moreover, a great percentage of extant models employ the results of lengthy experimental tests such as differential gas …

A Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model For Sustainable And Resilient Supplier Selection And Management, Samah Ibrahim Abdel Aal

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Sustainable and resilient supplier selection and management are essential to building environmentally responsible and resilient supply chains. Selecting sustainable and resilient suppliers enables organizations to ensure the long-term viability of the supply chain. To do that, there is a need to identify suitable suppliers that align with sustainability and resilience goals. This study aims to provide an overview of the requirements and criteria for selecting and managing sustainable and resilient suppliers and emphasizes the significance of integrating sustainability and resilience principles throughout the supply chain. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is used to deal with various criteria. The double normalization-based multi-aggregation (DNMA) …

Foundation Of Appurtenance And Inclusion Equations For Constructing The Operations Of Neutrosophic Numbers Needed In Neutrosophic Statistics, Florentin Smarandache

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

We introduce for the first time the appurtenance equation and inclusion equation, which help in understanding the operations with neutrosophic numbers within the frame of neutrosophic statistics. The way of solving them resembles the equations whose coefficients are sets (not single numbers).

Accelerating Elastic Property Prediction In Fe-C Alloys Through Coupling Of Molecular Dynamics And Machine Learning, Sandesh Risal, Navdeep Singh, Yan Yao, Li Sun, Samprash Risal, Weihang Zhu

Pacific Faculty Work

The scarcity of high-quality data presents a major challenge to the prediction of material properties using machine learning (ML) models. Obtaining material property data from experiments is economically cost-prohibitive, if not impossible. In this work, we address this challenge by generating an extensive material property dataset comprising thousands of data points pertaining to the elastic properties of Fe-C alloys. The data were generated using molecular dynamic (MD) calculations utilizing reference-free Modified embedded atom method (RF-MEAM) interatomic potential. This potential was developed by fitting atomic structure-dependent energies, forces, and stress tensors evaluated at ground state and finite temperatures using ab-initio. Various …

Improving Long-Term Flexible Pavement Performance In Louisiana: Effect Of Balanced Asphalt Mixture Design Method And Construction Techniques, Shasank Pant

LSU Master's Theses

Achieving long-term durability and sustainability in flexible pavement is a significant concern in highway infrastructure construction. State highway agencies (SHAs) have implemented various enhanced asphalt mixture design methods and construction practices to address this concern. With advancements in improved asphalt mixture design and construction practices, it is imperative to evaluate the long-term field performance of pavements. Therefore, this study assessed the long-term field performance of flexible pavements in Louisiana, considering enhanced asphalt mixture design methods and construction techniques.

The study consisted of two main sections. In the first section, the field performance of two projects was evaluated: asphalt mixture pavement …

A Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model For Sustainable And Resilient Supplier Selection And Management, Samah Ibrahim Abdel Aal

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Sustainable and resilient supplier selection and management are essential to building environmentally responsible and resilient supply chains. Selecting sustainable and resilient suppliers enables organizations to ensure the long-term viability of the supply chain. To do that, there is a need to identify suitable suppliers that align with sustainability and resilience goals. This study aims to provide an overview of the requirements and criteria for selecting and managing sustainable and resilient suppliers and emphasizes the significance of integrating sustainability and resilience principles throughout the supply chain. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is used to deal with various criteria. The double normalization-based multi-aggregation (DNMA) …

Foundation Of Appurtenance And Inclusion Equations For Constructing The Operations Of Neutrosophic Numbers Needed In Neutrosophic Statistics, Florentin Smarandache

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

We introduce for the first time the appurtenance equation and inclusion equation, which help in understanding the operations with neutrosophic numbers within the frame of neutrosophic statistics. The way of solving them resembles the equations whose coefficients are sets (not single numbers).

Development Of Tio2/Nh2-Mil-125 Nanocomposite For The Removal Of Ciprofloxacin Under Induced Solar Irradiation, Bilkis Mojisola Ajiwokewu

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

This research focuses on the development and application of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)-based nanocomposites for the photocatalytic removal of pharmaceutical contaminants, with a specific emphasis on ciprofloxacin (CIP). The photocatalytic degradation of CIP was investigated using as-synthesized photocatalysts of TiO₂ nanowires (TiO₂NWs), bare MOF of NH₂-MIL-125, TiO₂NW/NH₂-MIL-125 composite, and Lanthanum (La)-doped composite. Intriguingly, the TiO2NW/NH2-MIL-125 composite exhibited the highest efficiency, achieving a photodegradation rate of 0.0111 min-1, surpassing the independent performances of bare MOF of NH₂-MIL-125 and TiO2NW. The observed efficiency was attributed to the formation of a Z-scheme heterojunction …

Digital Transformation And Design For Maintainability In Industrial Design, Ahmed Tarek Mohamed Fathy, Salwa El Ghareeb, Yasser Shaban

Journal of Art, Design and Music

In this paper, we explore the impact of the rapid digital transformation in Applied Arts and Design and its influence on the realm of Maintainability. We examine how CAD, 3D modeling, have revolutionized the conceptualization and prototyping stages, enabling precise idea communication and immersive representations. Specifically, we focus on Design for Maintainability (DfMn) and its critical aspects such as repairability, serviceability, maintainability, and reliability, which significantly affect cost and user satisfaction. By leveraging this tool, designers can create highly maintainable and user-friendly products. The transformative potential of this tool in industrial design is highlighted, providing promising avenues for future research …

Unveiling Efficiency: Investigating Distance Measures In Wastewater Treatment Using Interval-Valued Neutrosophic Fuzzy Soft Set, Muhammad Saeed, Kinza Kareem, Fatima Razzaq, Muhammad Saqlain

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

To reduce the threats that wastewater poses to human health and the environment, water treatment techniques must be improved. The use of a procedure that includes preparation, testing, primary and secondary treatments, filtration, disinfection, and continuous monitoring is therefore required. The objective of this research is to create a hybrid notion that extends the idea of an interval-valued neutrosophic fuzzy soft set (IVNFSS) to an interval-valued neutrosophic fuzzy set. Operations like complement, union, and integration are included in the idea. To improve decision-making accuracy, a quality-assessment distance measure is incorporated, offering a numerical representation of the disparity between various factors. …

Dating Methods For Travertine And Siliceous Sinter In Geothermal Systems: Progress And Applications, Li Bin, Li Yiman, Pang Zhonghe, Huang Tianming, Gao Binbin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Sinters of geothermal system are usually dominated by travertine and siliceous sinter. With rich information on multi-temporal and spatial scales, they can be used to restore paleohydrological and paleoclimatic histories, reconstruct the evolutionary process of regional hydrothermal activity, and constrain tectonic modes. Accurate dating of sinters is the basis of relevant researches. Common dating methods include radiocarbon dating (based on inorganic and organic carbon), uranium series disequilibrium dating, cosmogenic nuclide dating, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, and electron spin resonance dating. Radiocarbon dating has primarily used for the dating of hot-spring sinters in China, followed by electron spin resonance dating …

Characteristics And Genetic Mechanism Of Geothermal Reservoirs In The Neogene Guantao Formation, Qikou Sag, Xia Guochao, Lou Da, Zhao Yanting, Wang Hui, Duan Zhongfeng, Sun Xiaolin, Zhang Feipeng, Luo Rong, Ge Jiacheng

Coal Geology & Exploration

The Qikou Sag in the Huanghua Depression, Bohai Bay Basin boasts extremely abundant geothermal resources. Among them, the geothermal reservoirs of the Neogene Guantao Formation have the greatest potential for exploitation. To ascertain the properties of geothermal resources in this formation and rationally exploit these resources, it is significant to investigate the geothermal field, porosity, permeability, geothermal water circulation patterns, and genetic mode of geothermal reservoirs in the formation. Based on data from drilling, geophysical exploration, thermometry, and production of the study area, this study determined that the geothermal reservoirs of the Guantao Formation in the Qikou Sag constitute a …

Geodatabase And Modeling Code Used For Dynamic Landslide Hazard Maps In Eastern Kentucky, Nathaniel O'Leary, L. Sebastian Bryson

Earth and Environmental Sciences Research Data

We developed spatiotemporal landslide hazard maps (LHMs) using soil, hydrologic, and geomorphic parameters from the subaerial infinite slope factor of safety (FS) equation under unsaturated conditions. Soil properties were extracted from the NRCS WSS, while geomorphic variables were derived from a 1.5 m LiDAR-based DEM and ArcGIS Online. Soil moisture from Hydrus-1D, driven by precipitation and evapotranspiration (ET) data from Irrigation Manager, introduced temporal variability. Validation against known landslide sites showed spatial and temporal FS accuracy despite some false positives. We also developed a landslide susceptibility maps (LSM) after comparing three machine learning algorithms, with bagged trees achieving the highest …

Investigation Of Machine Learning Driven Adaptive Control Strategy For Heat Exchanger Under Varying Fouling Conditions, Reshma Madhu Pk

Theses and Dissertations

Fouling is an undesirable and inevitable phenomenon that affects Heat Exchanger (HE) dynamics, increases maintenance cost (>50%), and loss of production. Conventional fouling prediction and control techniques demand an in-depth understanding of the HE-specific fouling dynamics. Hence, machine learning emerges as an ideal tool for learning the fouling process from the available measurement dataset.

The proposed work aims to design a machine learning-driven adaptive control technique for an industrial HE, subjected to varying fouling conditions. Naphtha cooler, an industrial HE utilized in petroleum refineries, employs cooling water to lower Naphtha temperature, but the high impurities in the recycled cooling …

Genetic Mechanisms Of Low-Temperature Geothermal Water And Its Associated Helium Gas In Meixian County In The Piedmont Of Qinling Mountains, Han Yuanhong, Lyu Jun, Zhang Yuping, Luo Naning, Li Bing, Shen Xiaolong

Coal Geology & Exploration

Meixian County in the piedmont of the Qinling Mountains boasts abundant geothermal water resources with high-abundance associated helium gas. However, the characteristics and origin of geothermal fluids in the study area are yet to be studied. By analyzing the chemical composition and isotopic geochemistry of geothermal fluids and combining the distributions of regional structures and faults, this study delved into the characteristics and genetic mechanisms of geothermal fluids in the study area. The results show that the geothermal water exhibits salinity ranging from 638.96 to 1026.83 mg/L and a hydrochemical type of HCO₃-Na. The low-degree metamorphism suggests that …