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Articles 19921 - 19950 of 196429

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Examining The Effect Of Contractor Logistics Support On The Reliability Of Military Aircraft, Rodrigo S. Campos De Moura Mar 2024

Examining The Effect Of Contractor Logistics Support On The Reliability Of Military Aircraft, Rodrigo S. Campos De Moura

Theses and Dissertations

This study utilizes survival analysis for examining the effect of Contractor Logistics Support (CLS) on the reliability of military aircraft before and after implementing CLS. The provider of CLS in this study is the original equipment manufacturer that designed and produced the target aircraft of this study, the Embraer A-29 Super Tucano.

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Advanced Intermediate Manufacturing (Aim) Supply Chain Concepts Leading To Reduced Lead Times And Improved Responsiveness, Eric S. Draudt Mar 2024

Advanced Intermediate Manufacturing (Aim) Supply Chain Concepts Leading To Reduced Lead Times And Improved Responsiveness, Eric S. Draudt

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates the optimization of the supply chain for key aircraft components, focusing on the implementation of Advanced Intermediate Manufacturing (AIM) production facilities. Utilizing anyLogistix, the study compares the current supply chain model based on Supply Chain Operations Wing (SCOW) data with various AIM production facility configurations: single, dual, quadruple, and three utilization-driven models (high, medium, and low). The findings demonstrate that integrating AIM production facilities significantly reduces lead times, with even a single facility dramatically cutting down the lead time from over 800 days to approximately 104 days. The utilization models further provide insights into operational flexibility under …

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An Integer Programming Model To Optimize Us Army Deployment Cycle And Maximize Unit Availability, Grant R. Engel Mar 2024

An Integer Programming Model To Optimize Us Army Deployment Cycle And Maximize Unit Availability, Grant R. Engel

Theses and Dissertations

The goal of this paper is to determine an optimal cycle length, in months, that minimizes costs and maximizes availability for deploying units in the United States (US) Army. The US Army must be cost efficient while maintaining the flexibility required to adapt to dynamic mission demand. The current practice is to deploy units for a length between the range of 6 to 12 months; however, this varies from unit to unit and the best policy is not clear. We address these issues by forming a mathematical programming model with unique characteristics that distinguish it from others of similar design. …

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Techniques For Addressing Extreme Class Imbalance For Artificial Neural Networks Training, Colin W. Foley Mar 2024

Techniques For Addressing Extreme Class Imbalance For Artificial Neural Networks Training, Colin W. Foley

Theses and Dissertations

This research examined the class imbalance problem while training convolutional neural networks (CNN) by applying different techniques to combat this common issue. This research used a modified CIFAR-10 dataset along with a curated aerial image dataset. Methods covered included undersampling, oversampling, synthetic minority oversampling technique, Edited Nearest Neighbors and combinations of the aforementioned methods. This research found that undersampling methods tended to outperform oversampling methods. While undersampling methods showed a decrease in overall accuracy, the increase in minority class prediction performance was promising enough to warrant further investigation.

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A Multi-Objective Approach To Optimal Deployment Policies For Wireless Sensor Networks Using Drop Points, Noah E. Fox Mar 2024

A Multi-Objective Approach To Optimal Deployment Policies For Wireless Sensor Networks Using Drop Points, Noah E. Fox

Theses and Dissertations

This research addresses the development of deployment policies for aerially dropped sensors in a wireless sensor network (WSN). Multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing meta-heuristic techniques, along with Monte Carlo simulation are used to identify policies with the aim of maximizing coverage and minimizing the number of sensors deployed. The policies developed from these techniques are then compared against uniform sensor distribution, as well as initial deployment policies that focus sensors in the center and edge of the region, as well as evenly deployed over the region. A total of 29 non-dominated policies were identified from the GA and …

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Simulating Human-Autonomous Aircraft Teams In An Anti-Access Area Denial (A2ad) Environment, Michael Kaminski Mar 2024

Simulating Human-Autonomous Aircraft Teams In An Anti-Access Area Denial (A2ad) Environment, Michael Kaminski

Theses and Dissertations

The role of autonomy has evolved recently, demanding tighter integration between human and autonomous systems, particularly in highly contested A2AD environments. Near-peer adversaries have modernized their integrated air defense systems (IADS), diminishing the current advantages of the United States Air Force. To regain air dominance, efforts like the Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) program are underway, aiming to deploy unmanned autonomous alongside manned next-generation fighter aircraft. This research assesses various operational concepts, focusing on autonomous tactics post-manned fighter loss, strike timing of independent teams, and weapon configuration observability. Using the Advanced Framework for Simulation, Integration and Modeling (AFSIM), an agent-based model …

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A Reinforcement Learning Self-Play Approach For Informing Wargaming Analysis & Development, Kathleen A. Maclean Mar 2024

A Reinforcement Learning Self-Play Approach For Informing Wargaming Analysis & Development, Kathleen A. Maclean

Theses and Dissertations

The integration of RL into wargames to learn strategic and operational insights is of interest to the United States Air Force. This thesis explores the application of a RL SARSA(λ) algorithm to the wargame Stratagem MIST. The primary objective is to select air and ground combat policies for the Blue Agent to effectively counter various opponent strategies across different terrains. This testing enables a comprehensive evaluation of the Blue Agent’s adaptability and performance under varying combat conditions. The use of basis functions, linear value function approximations, and specific air and ground strategies simplifies the state and action spaces of the …

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Federated Analysis Of Wearables Data For United States Air Force Mental And Physical Readiness, Sung Yong O Mar 2024

Federated Analysis Of Wearables Data For United States Air Force Mental And Physical Readiness, Sung Yong O

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates the use of machine learning and deep learning models within a federated learning framework to predict physical and mental readiness in military personnel, using wearable technology data. The collaboration with the 711th Human Performance Wing’s STRONG Lab highlights the importance of readiness as emphasized by the National Defense and Security Strategies. The study evaluates various predictive models, incorporating federated learning to ensure data privacy and security in healthcare systems. By analyzing a comprehensive dataset, the research aims to contribute to military readiness enhancement through technological advancements, supporting health and wellness initiatives to bolster the effectiveness of military …

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The Impact Of Solar Angle And Cloud Shadows On 3d Reconstruction Of Rolling Stock Cargo, Carlina M. Ostrand Mar 2024

The Impact Of Solar Angle And Cloud Shadows On 3d Reconstruction Of Rolling Stock Cargo, Carlina M. Ostrand

Theses and Dissertations

Meeting the relentless demand for more efficient air cargo transportation is paramount. This paper explores an innovative approach, harnessing cutting-edge stereoscopic vision technology to create 3D point clouds of rolling stock cargo, adaptable to varying solar angles and cloud shadow conditions. A virtual cargo image is generated by systematically organizing depth and location points. Accuracy is rigorously tested across six camera positions offering detailed, real-time insights for optimized cargo loading in unpredictable outdoor conditions. The findings reveal the impact of solar positioning, cloud coverage, & camera placement, pushing the boundaries of possibilities for cargo logistics in challenging environments.

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Comparing The Return Of Investment Of Maintenance And Repair Treatments On Airfield Pavements, Aljhon C. Barrogo Mar 2024

Comparing The Return Of Investment Of Maintenance And Repair Treatments On Airfield Pavements, Aljhon C. Barrogo

Theses and Dissertations

Two decades of taking risks with infrastructure has led to a $33B backlog in deferred maintenance and recapitalization for the USAF, with expectations that this amount will triple in the next three decades. As this reality materializes, it becomes evident that the condition of infrastructure under the care of the USAF will undergo accelerated degradation. To address and rectify this situation, the Infrastructure Investment Strategy (I2S) was introduced. While the policy commits to bolstering the infrastructure budget to two percent of replacement value, it also acknowledges the necessity of implementing complementary strategies to effectively course correct. One strategy implied in …

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An Assignment Model For Lateral Transfers Matching Base Repair Facilities To Xf3 Coded Nsns Requiring Repair, George D. Valaika Mar 2024

An Assignment Model For Lateral Transfers Matching Base Repair Facilities To Xf3 Coded Nsns Requiring Repair, George D. Valaika

Theses and Dissertations

This research addresses challenges in efficiently distributing reparable National Stock Numbers (NSNs) to base-level repair facilities, aiming to ease strain on depot resources. It establishes a network integrating bases with similar repair capabilities for NSNs and allocates NSNs to balance repair capacities. Drawing from USAF reparable inventory modeling and inventory management theory, it generates data mimicking historical data to maximize total expected part repairs by assigning NSNs based on the best percentage of base repair (PBR).

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Development Of Cost Factors For Satellite Rechargeable Batteries, Katelyn A. Clements Mar 2024

Development Of Cost Factors For Satellite Rechargeable Batteries, Katelyn A. Clements

Theses and Dissertations

Factors are often used by the cost estimating profession to predict costs of future projects or project components. Cost factors can be useful when little to no cost data is available from which to build an initial estimate or as an easy-to-use cross check of a primary estimate. Specific to satellites, previous studies have examined cost factors at higher Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) levels (e.g., Level 2 or Level 3), while this research analyzes cost factors developed using data specific to rechargeable batteries at USCM WBS Level 4 and its parent, the Electrical Power System (EPS) at Level 3. Within …

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An Introduction Of Adaptive Training Aid Concepts And Its Application To Accelerated Training For Air Battle Managers, John C. Gillispie Mar 2024

An Introduction Of Adaptive Training Aid Concepts And Its Application To Accelerated Training For Air Battle Managers, John C. Gillispie

Theses and Dissertations

Over the years, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) to enable autonomous systems has undergone transformative shifts in the Department of Defense (DoD), revolutionizing capabilities and strategic approaches. To further optimize these advancements, varying levels of autonomy have been introduced across critical military applications, spanning intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR), air battle management, and offensive/defensive air operations. As the technological landscape expands, so do the opportunities for autonomy to augment operations through human-agent teaming. Within the Air Force, one notably cognitively demanding role that stands to benefit from these strides is that of the Air Battle Manager (ABM). In support of …

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Assessing Military Parking: A Deep Learning Approach To Evaluating Standards And Impacts, Ryan D. Lalonde Mar 2024

Assessing Military Parking: A Deep Learning Approach To Evaluating Standards And Impacts, Ryan D. Lalonde

Theses and Dissertations

Current United States Department of Defense (DoD) standards require a minimum amount of parking for each building. This requirement defines how much off-street parking to construct. However, the impact of these requirements remains unclear. This study builds upon the emerging field of overhead imagery analytics by directly tying it to parking on military installations. Specifically, this study leverages a pretrained deep learning car detection model, Car Detection – USA, developed by Esri for use within ArcGIS, and couples it with open-access temporal imagery sourced from Google Earth Pro to assess selected parking lots across Area B, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, …

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Level 2 Work Breakdown Structure Cost Growth Analysis, Kyle P. Marquis Mar 2024

Level 2 Work Breakdown Structure Cost Growth Analysis, Kyle P. Marquis

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis analyzes first and second level WBS elements of 59 historical USAF Acquisition Category I RDT&E programs for accuracy and influence on the overall program cost growth. For the accuracy analysis portion, the mean, 15th, and 85th percentiles of common practice estimates at completion are compared with the same percentiles for distributions generated using the data. The results reveal a trend of substantial underestimation of risks associated with cost overruns. For the influence portion, this thesis analyzes the effect that cost growth trends of different second level WBS elements have on cost growth of the overall program through regression …

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A Framework For Dynamic Combat Support Exercises, Sean R. Mccarty Mar 2024

A Framework For Dynamic Combat Support Exercises, Sean R. Mccarty

Theses and Dissertations

Future armed conflict will be characterized by the unknown as adversaries innovate and evolve—surprise is inevitable. Current exercises provide inadequate opportunities for combat support forces to develop improvisational skills. This research proposes an extensible framework for human-in-the-loop control of exercises using a graph network for modeling combined with topological analysis and the resource-constrained project scheduling problem. This framework is assessed using the United States Air Force Silver Flag exercise as a case study with promising results.

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Digital Airworthiness: Development Of A Sysml Based Framework For The Usaf Airworthiness Process, Justin T. Moore Mar 2024

Digital Airworthiness: Development Of A Sysml Based Framework For The Usaf Airworthiness Process, Justin T. Moore

Theses and Dissertations

In 2018 USAF decided to move towards a digital transition for programs and processes. To maximize the impact of initial transition efforts the airworthiness process was identified as a candidate for digital implementation. The airworthiness process is mandated for nearly every system or modification that flies. The airworthiness process identifies specific tasks that must be performed and artifacts that must be produced. This research worked to develop a framework that utilizes SysML to pattern these processes and the required artifacts. A system agnostic, importable library was developed using custom stereotypes and relationships for the purpose of application to digital system …

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A Model-Based And System-Theoretic Approach To Design Advanced Autonomy For Air Dominance Missions: A Loyal Wingman Case Study, Elizabeth S. Pennington Mar 2024

A Model-Based And System-Theoretic Approach To Design Advanced Autonomy For Air Dominance Missions: A Loyal Wingman Case Study, Elizabeth S. Pennington

Theses and Dissertations

In contested air environments, safe coordination between decision-makers is paramount. Although the Department of Defense (DoD) prioritizes the development of Artificially Intelligent (AI) wingmen for air combat, a lack of methodology exists to design safe, holistic coordination between human and autonomous wingmen in the same environment. This thesis delivers a framework using Systems Theoretic Process Analysis Extended for Coordination (STPA-Coord) to analyze and design holistic coordination for the Loyal Wingman concept in an Air Dominance mission. STPA-Coord is a safety and hazard analysis process that uses Systems Theory to analyze and design coordination between decisionmakers in a system-of-systems architecture. Using …

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Applying Digital Engineering To Defense Acquisitions Through Model-Based Systems Engineering And Discrete Event Simulation, Michael T. Shutlock Mar 2024

Applying Digital Engineering To Defense Acquisitions Through Model-Based Systems Engineering And Discrete Event Simulation, Michael T. Shutlock

Theses and Dissertations

The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) faces a critical challenge as acquisition professionals strive to grasp the intricacies of the acquisition process. This study proposes an innovative approach to cultivate a more informed and capable acquisition workforce through the integration of digital engineering, specifically Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and Discrete Event Simulation (DES) toolsets. Embracing digital transformation with MBSE provides a comprehensive understanding, implementing step-by-step procedures with an interface designed to handle vast amounts of information differently. The merging of MBSE's visual modeling with DES's dynamic simulation offers a holistic view, empowering acquisition professionals with robust planning and risk management …

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Selection Of Soil Stabilization Methods For Low-Volume Road Applications, Peter J. Spinks Mar 2024

Selection Of Soil Stabilization Methods For Low-Volume Road Applications, Peter J. Spinks

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines a potential method of selecting an ideal soil additive to assist road planners in selecting an ideal soil stabilizer for low-volume road construction with in-situ soils. Essential for the socioeconomic success of rural communities, low-volume soil or gravel roads account for approximately 54% of US road expenditures to maintain and remediate. Soil stabilization can provide significant savings in regards to the cost, effectiveness, and environmental impacts of these roads. With hundreds of commercially available soil treatment products available with significant variations to their effects, it can be difficult for road planners to select the most appropriate product. …

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Navigating Model-Based Systems Engineering (Mbse) Transition In The Department Of Defense (Dod): A Capability-Based Assessment (Cba) Use Case, Emily M. Tritschler Mar 2024

Navigating Model-Based Systems Engineering (Mbse) Transition In The Department Of Defense (Dod): A Capability-Based Assessment (Cba) Use Case, Emily M. Tritschler

Theses and Dissertations

The Department of Defense (DOD) wants to implement Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) to accelerate and improve the acquisition process of increasingly complex systems. However, the department has not provided the necessary guidance on how to fully implement MBSE into our systems. This provided the following research opportunity: select a common DOD process, create an MBSE methodology, generate a model in accordance with that developed method, record the cost of modeling, and interview the model recipients to characterize their opinions on the investment. The research created a twelve-step methodology for application towards the gap analysis and characterization phase of a Capability-Based …

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Deploying Field-Capable Genome Sequencing: Human Performance Considerations Under Various Personal Protective Equipment Ensembles, Steven A. Torres Mar 2024

Deploying Field-Capable Genome Sequencing: Human Performance Considerations Under Various Personal Protective Equipment Ensembles, Steven A. Torres

Theses and Dissertations

Field-portable genome sequencing enhances the Department of Defense's strategy for detecting biological threats, particularly in resource-limited environments. While current field-capable detection methods are effective, challenges in identifying emerging threats pose risks to personnel safety. As biotechnological advancements like portable nanopore genome sequencing can advance biological detection capabilities, the viability of conducting laboratory tasks under Mission-Oriented Protective Posture (MOPP) ensembles lacks sufficient data. This research assesses the effectiveness of tools like pipettes, centrifuges, vortexes, and nanopore sequencing within a MOPP ensemble. Novice participants were utilized to explore the extension of this capability, and they completed tasks in three conditions: Fatigues, Laboratory …

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An Analysis Of Usaf Policy Implementation For Building Information Modeling, Evan J. Ward Mar 2024

An Analysis Of Usaf Policy Implementation For Building Information Modeling, Evan J. Ward

Theses and Dissertations

The development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) has strongly influenced the architecture, engineering, and construction communities as a path towards effective and efficient asset management. Although BIM is a standard practice in the private sector, the United States Air Force (USAF) does not mirror its civilian counterparts when it comes to BIM use. USAF BIM is limited in its use and does not extend beyond the design and construction phases of the construction life cycle. This research used a detailed querying process to analyze foundational policy documents and determine specific USAF building information requirements. After categorizing the list of requirements …

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Accelerating Homomorphic Encryption In Risc-V Architectures With Hardware Based Number Theory Transform, Zachary Legg Mar 2024

Accelerating Homomorphic Encryption In Risc-V Architectures With Hardware Based Number Theory Transform, Zachary Legg

Theses and Dissertations

Fully Homomorphic Encryption is an encryption paradigm enabling computations on encrypted data without the need for decryption. Such behavior is promising for securing DoD cloud computing but is also computationally demanding. To alleviate some of the computational load and accelerate FHE schemes, this research proposes adding a hardware accelerator, for the Number Theory Transform (NTT) operation, to a RISC-V processor. Thus enhancing FHE capabilities for potentially resource-constrained devices.

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Synergistic Effects Of Neutron And Gamma Radiations On The Electrical Properties Of Mosfets, Jackson T. Piechowski Mar 2024

Synergistic Effects Of Neutron And Gamma Radiations On The Electrical Properties Of Mosfets, Jackson T. Piechowski

Theses and Dissertations

In many radiation environments, electronic assets are exposed to a wide variety of species of radiation. This thesis studies the effect of sequential exposure of MOSFETs to neutron and gamma radiation. 27 Goford Semiconductor GT060N04T MOSFETs with gate thickness ∼500 nm were exposed to gamma radiation from a Cesium-137 source and mixed gamma and neutron radiation from a Californium-252 source with total amounts of ionizing radiation dose, neutron fluence, and order of irradiation varied to determine if synergistic effects of neutron and gamma irradiation can be measured. Neutron fluence values as low as 3.45x109 and as high as 3.40x1010 neutrons/cm2 …

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Radiological Decontamination Methodologies On Litter-Bound Patients In Arctic Environments, And The Associated Airborne Risks Posed To First Responders, Juan S. Alb Mar 2024

Radiological Decontamination Methodologies On Litter-Bound Patients In Arctic Environments, And The Associated Airborne Risks Posed To First Responders, Juan S. Alb

Theses and Dissertations

This study was conducted to determine if air-based decontamination (decon) methods would be effective at both treating patients exposed to dry, radiological contamination as well as reducing its re-aerosolization during the disrobing process, such that these methods could be applied on litter-bound patients in extreme cold environments. A litter-bound, full-size mannequin dressed in a set of standard military issue extreme cold weather jacket and pants coated in 27 g (1 Tbs) of Copper Oxide (density 6.315 g/cm3 ) was given one of three treatments for dry aerosol decon. The three cleaning treatments included high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) vacuum, a …

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Life Cycle Analysis Of Mobile Nuclear Reactor Compared To Other Alternative Fuels In Indopacom, Maria J. Hurtado Mar 2024

Life Cycle Analysis Of Mobile Nuclear Reactor Compared To Other Alternative Fuels In Indopacom, Maria J. Hurtado

Theses and Dissertations

Energy is an item that makes the military vulnerable as it is something that they depend on the most which can have negative impacts. Mobile nuclear reactors are gaining the interest of many leaders in the military as a viable option of a potential alternative fuel source. There are many positives in utilizing mobile nuclear reactors in terms of environmental impacts and feasibility of transport. Studies have shown that mobile nuclear reactors can produce very low or negligible carbon emissions during operations. The focus of this thesis is to determine the environmental impacts of nuclear reactors, logistical requirements, and determine …

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Infrared Investigation In Singapore (Iris) Observatory: Urban Heat Island Contributors And Mitigators Analysis Using Neighborhood-Scale Thermal Imaging, Clayton Miller, Vasantha Ramani, Clayton Miller Mar 2024

Infrared Investigation In Singapore (Iris) Observatory: Urban Heat Island Contributors And Mitigators Analysis Using Neighborhood-Scale Thermal Imaging, Clayton Miller, Vasantha Ramani, Clayton Miller

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This paper studies heat fluxes from contributors and mitigators of urban heat islands using thermal images and weather data. Thermal images were collected by a rooftop observatory between November 2021 and April 2022. Over the same period, weather stations were operating at several locations on a university campus in Singapore. From collected data, a method was defined to estimate sensible and latent heat fluxes from building façades, vegetation, and traffic. Before analyzing heat fluxes using the method, thermal images were calibrated against measurements made with contact surface sensors. Results show that the method can be used to study heat fluxes …

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Multilayer Pva/Gelatin Nanofibrous Scaffolds Incorporated With Tanacetum Polycephalum Essential Oil And Amoxicillin For Skin Tissue Engineering Application, Ebrahim Soleiman-Dehkordi, Vahid Reisi-Vanani, Samanesadat Hosseini, Zahra Lorigooini, Vajihe Azimian Zvareh, Mahour Farzan, Elham Moghtadaie Khorasgani, Karen Lozano, Zohreh Abolhassanzadeh Mar 2024

Multilayer Pva/Gelatin Nanofibrous Scaffolds Incorporated With Tanacetum Polycephalum Essential Oil And Amoxicillin For Skin Tissue Engineering Application, Ebrahim Soleiman-Dehkordi, Vahid Reisi-Vanani, Samanesadat Hosseini, Zahra Lorigooini, Vajihe Azimian Zvareh, Mahour Farzan, Elham Moghtadaie Khorasgani, Karen Lozano, Zohreh Abolhassanzadeh

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Wound infection is still an important challenge in healing of different types of skin injuries. This highlights the need for new and improved antibacterial agents with novel and different mechanisms of action. In this study, by electrospinning process Tanacetum polycephalum essential oil (EO), as a natural antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent, along with Amoxicillin (AMX) as an antibiotic are incorporated into PVA/gelatin-based nanofiber mats individually and in combination to fabricate a novel wound dressing. Briefly, we fabricated PVA/gelatin loaded by Amoxicillin as first layer for direct contact with wound surface to protects the wound from exogenous bacteria, and then built a …

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Source Level Of Wind-Generated Ambient Sound In The Oceana, N. Ross Chapman, Michael Ainslie, Martin Siderius Mar 2024

Source Level Of Wind-Generated Ambient Sound In The Oceana, N. Ross Chapman, Michael Ainslie, Martin Siderius

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Inference of source levels for ambient ocean sound from local wind at the sea surface requires an assumption about the nature of the sound source. Depending upon the assumptions made about the nature of the sound source, whether monopole or dipole distributions, the estimated source levels from different research groups are different by several decibels over the frequency band 10–350 Hz. This paper revisits the research issues of source level of local wind-generated sound and shows that the differences in estimated source levels can be understood through a simple analysis of the source assumptions.

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