Engineering Commons^™

Drag Coefficients For Magnetically Accelerated Spheres, Jann-Wuu Liang

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study was to determine the correlation of the drag coefficient of an accelerating sphere in the liquid medium over a range of Reynolds number from 0.1 to 100, 000. A magnetic accelerator was used to obtain an acceleration for the sphere, the data was recorded using a photograph and a digital computer was used to reduce the data.

Experimental Concrete Pavement Containing Fly-Ash Admixtures [July 1966], Ronald D. Hughes

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The attached report summarily presents records of the construction and performance of a portland cement concrete pavement containing fly-ash as an admixture.

Kinetics Of The Lactic Acid-Butyl Alcohol Esterification Reaction, Joel Howard Kaplan

Dissertations

Kinetic and equilibrium data for the esterification reaction of monomeric lactic acid with normal butanol were determined in a series of experiments utilizing a batch stirred tank reactor. The variables studied were temperature and catalyst concentration. The kinetic data were successfully represented by the integrated equation for a second order reversible reaction.

Rate constants were obtained at three temperature levels and four catalyst levels. The observed rate constants in the catalytic reaction were linearly correlated with catalyst concentration and also satisfied the Arrhenius criterion. The activation energy and frequency factor for the uncatalyzed reaction were determined to be 13,190 calories …

Improving The Reliability Of Electronic Systems By Minimization Of The Variances And Stabilization Of The Mean Values Of The System Performance Criteria, Emil Carl Neu

Dissertations

The parameters of an electronic system are not deterministic variables; but rather because of variations in manufacturing processes, they are randomly distributed variables. In addition, aging mechanisms will cause these parameters to drift with time. As a result of both of these factors, the system performance criteria deviate from their initial design center values. This research studied the effect of component parameter variations upon these electronic system performance criteria and then presented a thesis to minimize the effect of these variations.

The distributions of the performance criteria were obtained as functions of the parameter distributions, by first approximating the performance …

Design Of Feedback Control Systems With Transport Lag By Parameter Plane Techniques, Lawrence Eisenberg

Dissertations

A method is presented for the exact determination of absolute and relative stability of linear feedback control systems containing transport or distributed lag. All results are in terms of two variable system parameters. The method utilizes an extension of modern parameter plane techniques that allows for the inclusion of transcendental functions in the system characteristic equation. The design of controllers in linear systems containing transport lag is then considered. A design technique is proposed that allows for the systematic determination of two variable controller parameters in order to meet frequency or time domain design specifications.

The design technique is formulated …

Kinetics Of Hydrolysis Of Butyl Lactate, Peter Pommers

Theses

The acid catalyzed hydrolysis of butyl lactate with water, using lactic acid to achieve a homogeneous solution, was studied.

Experiments at various temperatures were run under catalyzed and uncatalyzed conditions. The course of the hydrolysis was followed by titrating the acidity of the reaction mass at certain time intervals. From the results of these titrations and from the experimental determinations of the equilibrium constant, the reaction velocity constants for the hydrolysis of butyl lactate were calculated. The velocity constants were found to range from .8 x 10^-5 to 25 x 10^-5 liters/ (g-mole)(min), depending upon the reaction temperature …

Vapor-Liquid Equilibria System : Chloroform, Carbon Tetrachloride, Isopropanol, Barnet H. Bursack

Theses

A study was made of the vapor-liquid equilibria of the ternary system: Chloroform (CHCl₃), Carbon Tetra-chloride (CCl₄) and Isopropanol (C₃H₈O). An Othmer still was used for the equilibria determination. Refractive index and density measurements were used to determine liquid and vapor compositions. A comparison between experimental and theoretical values was made using the Margules 3-suffix ternary equations for the correlation.

It was necessary to investigate the vapor-liquid equilibria of each of the three binary systems to evaluate the techniques and equipment used and obtain new data. Only one previous investigation of the …

The Kinetics Of A Heterogeneous System, Francisco H. Fernandez-Ortega, Gonzalo D. Milian

Theses

The reaction between an acidic potassium dichromate solution and metallic copper has been studied at 25.0°C under batch quiescent and continuous flow conditions.

The effect of time of reaction, reactor diameter, acid, dichromate, and salt concentration upon reaction rate have been investigated for a quiescent batch reactor and found to influence the Reaction Velocity Constant of the system. As the reaction progressed, the Reaction Velocity Constant was observed to decrease. An increase in reactor diameter resulted in a Reaction Velocity Constant increase. Small increments in the dichromate concentration produced a decrease in the Reaction Velocity Constant. A maximum point of …

Effects Of Non-Constant Molal Flow On Distillation Plate Separation, Joseph Lawrence Niedzwiecki, W. Weissman

Theses

This thesis presents new equations for predicting degree of separation on a distillation plate, recognizing non-constant molal flow effects. A FORTRAN program is included for solving the new equations. Experimental runs were made for comparison to theoretical predictions.

First an equation is derived for predicting separation at a point on a distillation plate. The derivation is analogous to Murphree's point efficiency equation except that the effects of flow between phases are included by applying the Colburn-Drew theory. Finally, an overall plate separation equation is derived analogous to the A.I.Ch.E. eddy diffusion model for Murphree plate efficiency, except that the rate …

Current-Potential Effects Of Trace Impurities In Manganese Electrowinning-Ii, Bipinchandra Govindlal Shah

Theses

The effects of trace non-metallic impurities, found in manganese electrowinning solutions, on cathode current-potential curves have been investigated. Five impurities, e.g., Sulfur-dioxide, Ammonium Sulphide, Urea, Thiourea, and Gelatine were studied.

In the first phase of the study the effect of individual impurity on the standard polarization curve was determined for a range of concentration. It was observed that these impurities did not affect the standard polarization curve.

In the second phase the above observation was confirmed by using cobalt as metallic impurity in addition to the non-metallic impurity. A marked effect on the standard polarization curve was observed due to …

Fugacity And Activity Coefficients For The N-Butane-Nitrogen System, Richard E. Walter

Theses

Fugacity and activity coefficients were calculated for the nitrogen-n-butane system at 310°, 340°, 370°, and 400°F. in 100 atmosphere pressure intervals from 100 to 700 atmospheres for the pure components and mixtures of 10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 mol% n-butane. Calculations were based on a method proposed by Van Ness. This calculation procedure combines an analytical solution utilizing the Redlich and Kwong equation of state with a graphically obtained correction factor.

Diffusion Coefficients In Alcohol - Water, Frank Gustav Meier

Theses

Diffusion coefficients of potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in ethanol-water solutions have been determined at 20°C. by means of Dowex 50W-X8 under experimental conditions that indicate that the transfer rate is controlled by film diffusion.

This investigation presents, for the first time, diffusion coefficients for these ions in ethanol solutions at concentrations below 0.01N.

The combined effect of viscosity and dielectric Constant of the solvent on the diffusion coefficient of Ions is demonstrated.

On Stable Fractures In A Uniaxial Stress Field, Barry P. Shafer

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

The general interests of engineers in fracture mechanics are oriented through their interest in the structural strength. The studies branched into two major areas in fracture theory, namely the initiation problem and the stability problem. Although some of the initiation problems could be approached through the existing failure theories, other aspects are still active research subjects, such as the statistical theory of fracture. In the stability problem, we are faced with a situation in which the adverse condition already exists because cracks are present. Whether the presence of the crack under the loading condition is insignificant or critical is the …

Basic Criterion For Determining Design Loads On Box And Pipe Culverts, James H. Havens, Robert C. Deen, Ronald D. Hughes

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

No abstract provided.

A Procedure For The Measurement Of Glosso-Maxillary Forces, Howard L. Lilly Jr.

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this investigation was to develop a clinically feasible procedure for recording the magnitudes of glosso-maxillary forces at four palatal loci using an electronic transducer system described by Lear et, al. (1965). Of particular interest was the development of a convenient and accurate calibration device for both intraoral and extraoral application. A further object of interest was the effect an acrylic carrier plate might introduce to the magnitude of force response. Finally whether or not any significant adaptation to the carrier plate or to the transducers occurs during a reasonable testing period (six to seven hours).

A calibration …

A Statistical Study Of Engine Performance Indexes Using Tractor Test Data, Delbert E. Lane

Open Access Master's Theses (through 2010)

The purpose of this study is: (1) to determine the reliability of power indexes in making estimates of horsepower of engines; (2) to determine the reliability of speed indexes in making estimates of operating speed of engines; (3) to determine the reliability of fuel consumption indexes in making estimates of fuel economy of engines.

Performance data for this study were taken from the Nebraska Tractor Test reports and from unpublished Tractor Test data. The tractors used in this analysis were selected from the 1965 Nebraska Tractor Test Summary Sheet. The models were selected on the basis of four-cycle, normally aspirated, …

Handbook Of Facts And Figures On Indiana County Roads—Including Directory Of Indiana County Highway Departments, Jean E. Hittle

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

This handbook will assist county road officials in the planning of county road operations. The data and information included in this handbook are either statistical or public information which are already available from the official sources, but which needed to be brought together for convenient distribution and use.

Hydrotropic Extraction Of Hydrocarbon Mixtures, Michael Jay Ram

Dissertations

The solubilities at 25°C of selected aromatics and straight chain alkanes in hydrotropic solutions of sodium xylene sulfonate and sodium cymene sulfonate were studied. The results of this investigation are shown on distribution diagrams relating the solubilities of alkane and aromatic in each phase.

Two methods were investigated to predict the experimentally determined solubilities. The semi-empirical solubility parameter approach resulted in answers that were extremely low. A purely theoretical approach involves the calculation of dispersion forces between molecules. An equation for predicting solubilities has been derived so that it is applicable to four component systems. This method results in values …

Correlation And Coordination Of Engineering Properties Of Zirconium And Zirconium Alloys, Rasiklal Jethalal Shah

Theses

This thesis is a report on the mechanical, nuclear, electrical and chemical properties of the zirconium and five zirconium-base binary alloys: zirconium-tin alloys, zirconium-aluminium alloys, zirconium-titanium alloys, zirconium-niobium alloys, and zirconium-hafnium alloys. The peculiarities of these alloys, as related to its history, heat treatment and composition, are discussed. This work discusses the effect of temperature and impurities such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of zirconium and zirconium alloys. Zirconium metal production is briefly discussed. Empirical formula, by which the thermal conductivity of zirconium alloys can be calculated by the measurements of thermal resistivity, …

Wave-Propagation Studies In Confined Sands., Warren J. Baker

Civil Engineering ETDs

An experimental study of the relationship between pertinent wave=propagation parameters and the one-dimensional stress-strain behavior of two sands was conducted. The stress-strain relation for the sands was characterized by a nonlinear strain-hardening behavior. The nature of the stress-chain curve implies that shocks should form or be sustained in the soil. This phenomenon was studied by observing the dynamic and kinematic characteristics generated by a soft-fronted stress pulse applied to one end of a long slender sample of confined sand. To develop a method of predicting the kinematics of wave propagation from the stress-strain curve, the observed wave-propagation parameters were related …

Transient Radiation Effect On Semiconductor Controlled Rectifiers, Wilford D. Raburn

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Excerpt from the Introduction:

The three terminal PNPN switch which we will refer to as the semiconductor controlled rectifier or SCR has electrical characteristics quite similar to the gas thyratron [7]. In the SCR, current is carried by electrons and holes whereas, in the thyratron, it is carried by electrons and ions. Both have high impedance in the "off" state and low impedance in the "on" state. Both devices will remain in the conducting mode once they have been triggered, even if the gate signal is removed.

The operation of the SCR depends upon the internal feedback mechanism [ 22]. …

Solution Of Poisson's Equation In Two-, And Axisymmetric Three-Dimensional Geometry By Means Of A Capacitively-Coupled Conductive Paper Analog, Donald L. Hanson

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Poisson’s equation is encountered in many branches of engineering analysis. For example, the velocity distribution of a fluid in steady laminar flow through a duct is described by Poisson’s equation. The stress distribution within cylindrical (including non-circular) torsion bars is described by the same equation. The temperature distribution within a body having distributed internal heat sources is still another physical quantity which requires the solution of Poisson’s equation for its determination. The internal heat sources of this last example may be of electrical, chemical, or nuclear origin.

Measurement Of Pressure And Velocity In A Heat Generated Acoustic Wave, Hernan Hirsch

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

The purpose of this study is (1) to investigate experimentally the magnitude and the phase angle between acoustic pressure ad velocity of the Sondhauss oscillation; (2) to investigate experimentally the pressure times velocity diagram; (3) to investigate experimentally the pressure versus volume diagram and its analogy to the Stirling heat engine, (4) to list observations of the behavior of the gas inside the tube, and the possible influence of these observations on the sound pressure level or velocity of the flow.

A General Approach To The Analysis Of Particle Transport In Solids--With Particular Application To High Frequency Effects On Charge Transport In Semiconductor Devices, Raymond A. Gore

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The purpose of this first chapter is to review the basis of the diffusion theory description of particle motion in solid material and its application in the analysis of semiconductor devices. Diffusion theory, as used throughout this dissertation, will be used to mean the special case of the more rigorous transport theory that results from assuming an infinite particle velocity and a constant ratio of particle velocity to the probability of a collision. Thus, the discussion of diffusion theory begins with transport theory, and in particular with the Boltzmann transport equation. Therefore, this chapter begins with a formulation of the …

Effect Of Sample Geometry On Decay Constant Measurements In Water Using The Pulsed Neutron Technique, Debow Freed

Nuclear Engineering ETDs

The pulsed neutron technique has been employed at a steadily increasing rate since significant results from its use were first reported in 1954. This technique has permitted direct measurement of several parameters important in the nuclear field which previously had to be measured by indirect means.

An Experimental Investigation Of The Continuous Penetration Of A Blunt Body Into A Simulated Cohesionless Soil., John Lewis Colp

Civil Engineering ETDs

The penetration of one object into a larger mass may well have been one of the earliest interests of man. History shows that early man was well aware of the occurrence of the penetration event by his use of spears and other projectiles in his search for food. Interest in penetration events has been continuous through man's development. Today this interest has even outstripped man's natural environment to include the serious study of penetration into extra-terrestrial bodies such as the lunar surface.

The Problem:

The penetration of many materials is currently being studied by many investigators. Some of the materials …

Preliminary Design Of A Hydraulic Vibration Machine With Variable Amplitude And Frequency, Using Multistage Amplification And Feedback Control, Melvin Joseph Merrell

Theses and Dissertations

Essentially there are three types of vibration machines mechanical, electrodynamic, and electrohydraulic (hydraulic). Each of these machines has characteristics which make it suitable for particular areas of use.

X-Ray Diffraction And Electron Microscopy Studies Of Glasses Containing Antimony, Sadek Momtaz Tadross

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Preliminary Experimental Study Of The Turbulence Decay In The Wake Of A Hemisphere In Free-Surface Flow, Jiin-Jen Lee

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Flows observed in open channels are usually turbulent. The word "turbulent" describes a motion in which an irregular velocity fluctuation (mixing or eddying motion) is superimposed on the main stream motion. The essential characteristic of turbulent flow is that the turbulent fluctuations are random in nature.

If Reynold's rule of averaging is used, the Navier-Stokes equations for laminar flow may be transformed into the Reynold's equations, which hold true for turbulent mean motion. The solution of Reynold's equations will properly describe turbulent flow. Unfortunately, the number of unknowns exceeds the number of equations; therefore the use of mathematical method to …

Streaming Current And Streaming Potential Induced By Water Flow Through Porous Media, Mohamed M. I. Abaza

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was conducted to investigate analytically and experimentally the relationship between the rate of flow of water through porous material and the streaming current and streaming potential induced by this flow. The effect of dissolved salts in the permeating solution and the size of the soil particles was also investigated.

Results and conclusions of this study are summarized as follows:

1. A modified procedure using the appropriate delay to insure stead state conditions was used for the measurements of both streaming current and streaming potential.
2. The flow-pressure relationship was the same irrespective of the counter electro-osmosis (resulting from the streaming …