Engineering Commons^™

Synthesis And Application Of Polymeric Corrosion Inhibitor For Reinforced Concrete, Wei-Wei Lin, Sheng-Xian Wang, Jian-Qing Zhang, Jun Yuan, Zhen-Guo Ji

Journal of Electrochemistry

A new polymer E-T was synthesized and used as a corrosion inhibitor for reinforced concrete. The inhibitive behavior and mechanism were studied with linear polarization, Tafel polarization, EIS and XPS method in simulated pore solution system with concrete samples. The result showed that the polymer was a mixing type inhibitor. A 1% dosage was sufficient to imhibit the corrosion of steel in simulated pore solution system. The salt endurance was enhanced from 0.02 mol/L to 0.10 mol/L. The result also showed the good synergetic effect of NaNO₂, especially in low NaNO₂ concentration. The EIS showed that E-T …

Structural And Electrochemical Studies On Todorokite/Vernadite As Cathodes For Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries, Wei Chu, De-Yao Liu, Jin-Kua You, Yong Yang, Zu-Geng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

XRD, TEM, ICP, low scan-rate CV and charge/discharge tests were carried out for the studies on the structural and electrochemical behavior of a prepared 3 V manganese oxide cathode for rechargeable lithium ion batteries.XRD analysis revealed that the cathode sample is mainly composed of tunneled Todorokite and layered Vernadite. TEM investigation confirmed that the morphology of the sample is a laminated construction with approximate 10nm layer space. The reversibility of Li⁺ removal/intercalation and structural stability of this sample framework to lithium insertion are good in CV and charge/discharge tests. The discharge capacities were found to be about 129mAh/g obtained …

Studies Of Electrochemical Characteristics Of Pasted Nickel Hydroxide Electrode With Surface Deposited Cobalt, Xian-You Wang, Yun-Shi Zhang, Jie Yan, Zheng Zhu, Hua-Tang Yuan, De-Ying Song

Journal of Electrochemistry

The surface of the spherical nickel hydroxide particles used as an active material in pasted nickel electrodes is surface-deposited with cobalt. This paper investigated the effects of the amount of cobalt deposit on the characteristics of nickel hydroxide electrode. The performances of the electrode, such as discharge capacity, utilization of active material and reversibility of Ni(OH)₂/NiOOH redox reaction, were studied by comparing the charging/discharging curves and cyclic voltammograms. The mechanism of action of cobalt deposits has been described in terms of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of nickel hydroxide electrode.

A New Cell Structure For Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Ming Han, Hong-Feng Xu, Bao-Lian Yi

Journal of Electrochemistry

Separating the functions of current collection and gas flow distribution and then to design two separate elements to achieve the desired performance characteristics, a nonconventional cell structure for proton exchange membrane fuel cells bave been developed. The current collector is achieved using a thin stain steel sheet, the gas flow distribution is achieved using a carbon paper that has the desired chemical durabiliy when in contact with the proton exchange membrane. Combining these two separate elements into a single divice yields a bifunctional device that performs as a bipolar separator plate. The advantages of this alternative appproach to making biplar …

Kinetic Study Of Electrooxidation Of Benzene, Xin-Sheng Zhang, Ping Ding, Ying-Chun Dai, Wei-Kang Yuan

Journal of Electrochemistry

A reaction kinetic study for electrochemical oxidation of benzene was performed on a PbO₂ rotating disk electrode in 1 mol/L H₂SO₄ aqueous solution. The reaction orders, the activation energies and transfer coefficient were measured, and the kinetic expression was obtained.

Electrodeposition Of Neodymium-Iron Group Alloy Films In (P-Ch3C6H4So3)3Nd System, Peng Liu, Ye-Xiang Tong, Qi-Qin Yang, Yan-Sheng Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Neodymium p-toluenesulfonate was prepared and applied to the electrodepositon of neodymium-iron group alloy films. This salt has high solubility in DMF and can be dehydrated easily. Cyclic voltammograms of Pt electrode in (p-CH₃C₆H₄SO₃) 3Nd + MCl₂(M=Fe,Co,Ni) + DMF indicated that the neodymiun-iron group alloys can be elcetrodeposited from this medium, the Nd-Fe, Nd-Co and Nd-Ni films were obtained by electrolysis at constant potential. The Nd-Fe, Nd-Co and Nd-Ni films are amorphous in which the rare earth contents are in the range of 15 at%～60 at% as analyzed by XRD and …

Effect Of Stress On Electrochemical Behaviour Of Various Thermal History Zones And Different Phase Structures On The Weldment For Low Alloy Steel, Yin-Shun Wu, De-Yu Liu, Bei Cao, Feng-Li Wang, Zhi Fang, Lin Zhang, Zheng-Rong Zhang, Hai Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical behaviour of various thermal history zones on the weldment for steel 16Mn and also of the ferrite, pearlite in various zones was measured by use of a self-developed measuring technique for investigating the electrochemicl behaviour of single and mixed phase structures in metal materials. Especially the effect of stress on this electrochemical behaviour was investigated. The results showed that by comparison with non-stress condition, the free corrosion potential of the various thermal history zones and of the ferrite, pearlite under stress condition was shifted in negative direction, correspondingly their free corrosion current density was increased, the free corrosion …

Study On Steel Corrosion In Simulated Biofilm Environment In Seawater, Qing-Fei Wang, Jing Sui, Run-Xi Su, De-Ying Kong, Shi-Zhe Song

Journal of Electrochemistry

Biofilm is one of the main factors that influence metal corrosion in seawater environment. According to the structure and property of biofilm, a natural biopolymeric gel, calcium alginate(an extracellular biopolymer containing carboxylate functional groups) can deposite on metal surfaces to form films. Corrosion behavior of alloyed steel E2, 10CrMoAl and 18-8 stainless steel were studied in simulated biofilm environment by various electrochemical methods ,including measurements of the corrosion potential, polarization curves,galvanic current and electrochemical impedance. The results show that such an approach is informative to reveal “how” and “to what extent” biofilm can influence the metal corrosion process.

Electrohydrodimerization Of Fumarodinitrile On Liquid Gallium Electrode, He Wei, Huang Ying, Sheng-Tao Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrohydrodimerization (EHD) of fumarodinitrile on liquid gallium electrode can take place not only in hydrotropic solution of tetraethylammonium p-toluenesulphonate (TEA-PTS), but also in aqueous solution containing low concentration of strong surfactants, such as TritonX-100. In solution without organic surfactant, FDN yields a single two-electron reduction wave corresponding to the formation of a saturated monomer called as butanedinitrile. If some TEA-PTS or TritonX-100 is added into the solution, the original two-electron wave is splitted into two continuous single-electron reduction wave and corresponding EHD of fumarodinitrile is obtained.

Oxidation Mechanism Of Hypophosphite, Dong-Bai Sun, Ying Jin, Hong-Ying Yu, De-Jun Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

There exist two oxidation current peaks on the anodic polarization curve between -0.7 V and 0 V (SCE) in Na-hypophosphite solution. Peak Ⅰ (-0.55 V, SCE) , which represents the oxidation process from H₂PO₂^- to H₂PO₃^-, has been studied previously. Peak Ⅱ, which is located at the potential about -0.4 V (SCE), is investigated emphatically in this paper. The results show that, peak Ⅰ and Ⅱ are corresponding to two successive steps in oxidation process of H₂PO₂^-, i.e. peak Ⅱ corresponds to the oxidation process of …

The Nuclear Policy Of India And Pakistan: Implications For Deterrence, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article analyzes the implications of India's and Pakistan's decisions to "go nuclear" in 1998.

Energy And Resource Assessment Of The Caribbean Marine Research Center, Lee Stocking Island, Florida Solar Energy Center, Danny Parker

FSEC Energy Research Center®

A project is being coordinated by the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) with the Perry Foundation and the Caribbean Marine Research Center (CMRC) on Lee Stocking Island in the Bahamas. The purpose of the research is to demonstrate energy and water savings associated with efficient technologies in an isolated sub-tropical climate. The project is being used as a test case to examine how energy and resource independent eco-tourism projects might be successfully accomplished in Florida and other Caribbean locations.

FSEC plans to monitor energy and water consumption in two buildings at the center. The VIP (Scientists' quarters) building has been …

Crop Updates 1999 - Lupins, Greg Shea, Geoff Thomas, Mark Sweetingham, Bill O'Neill, Wallace Cowling, Bevan Buirchell, Hua'an Yang, David Luckett, Allan Brown, John Hamblin, Joanne E. Barton, Kedar Adhikari, Nick Galwey, Miles Dracup, Bob French, Debbie Thackray, Roger Jones, Brenda Coutts, Narelle Reeve, Y. Cheng, R. A.C. Jones, Francoise Berlandier, Linnet Cartwright, James Fisher, Art Diggle, Bill Bowden, Chris Gazey, Luigi Morsechi, Terry Piper, Peter Newman, Dave Nicholsen, Mohammad Amjad, Glen Riethmuller, Ron Javis, Paul Blackwell, C. L. White

Crop Updates

This article contains twenty three papers

1998 LUPIN HIGHLIGHTS

LUPIN ANTHRACNOSE

1. Anthracnose overview, Greg Shea, Geoff Thomas and Mark Sweetingham, Agriculture Western Australia

2. Anthracnose – Critical seed infection levels for resistant and susceptible varieties, Geoff Thomas, Mark Sweetingham, Bill O'Neill and Greg Shea, Agriculture

Western Australia

3. Fungicide seed treatment for anthracnose and brown spot control in lupin, G. Thomas and M. Sweetingham, Agriculture Western Australia

LUPIN BREEDING AND AGRONOMY

4. Anthracnose resistance in lupins – an innovative Australian research effort 1996-1998, Wallace Cowling1'2, Bevan Buirchell_1,2 Mark Sweetinqham_1,2, Hua'an Yang₂, …

Crop Updates 1999 - Cereals, Len W. Broadbridge, Doug Abrecht, D. Bakker, Greg Hamilton, Cliff Spann, Doug Rowe, Peter Fisher, Jennifer Bignell, Matthew Braimbridge, Bill Bowden, Ross Brennan, Reg Lunt, Senthold Asseng, Cherie Rowles, Simon Bedbrook, Chris Gazey, Mike Bolland, Garren Knell, Lyn Abbott, Zed Rengel, Wayne Pluske, Erin Cahill, Bill Crabtree, Matthew Evans, Tim Nielsen, Jat Bhathal, Rob Loughman, D. Rasmussen, Roger A C Jones, Sean Kelly, Ian Riley, Sharyn Tayor, Vivien Vanstone, Dominie Wright, Debbie Thackray, Simon Mckirdy, George Yan, Robin Wilson, Iain Barclay, Robin Mclean, Dean A. Diepeveen, Bill Lambe, Wal Anderson, Brenda Shackley, Mechelle Owen, Peter Burgess, Ben Curtis, Mohammed A. Hamza, Jamie Henderson, Frank Boetel, Alfredo Impiglia, Frances Hoyle, Darshan Sharma, Pierre Fievez, Blakely Paynter, Glenn Macdonald, Kevin Young, Andrew Blake, Keith Devenish, P J. Dolling, Roy Latta, Lisa-Jane Blacklow, Chris Matthews, Angelo Loi, Brad Nutt, Rochelle Mcrobb, David Webb, Andrew Mcrobb, Clinton K. Revell, James Ridsdill-Smith, Celia Pavri, David Tennant, Darryl Mclements, Ross Thompson, Mike Ewing, Tim Woodburn, Paul Yeoh, James Fisher, Art Diggle, Mark Whitten, Andrew Rate, Paul Carlile, Ed Blanchard, Bevan Buirchell, Lorraine Osborne, Tress Walmsley, Terry Piper, Cameron Weeks, Michael Dodd, Amanda Falconer, Caroline Peek, Glenn Adam, Camray Gethin, Richard Guinness, Daniel Fels, Andrew Rintoul, Mal Lamond, Roger Tapp, Craig White

Crop Updates

This article covers sixty papers

FOREWORD

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

PLENARY PAPERS

1. Western Australia’s climate: trends and opportunities, Len W. Broadbridge, Director, Bureau of Meterorology

2. Managing seasonal variations in agriculture, Dr Doug Abrecht, Director, Dryland Research Institute, Merredin

CROP ESTABLISHMENT

3. Soil management to prevent waterlogging on duplex soils in the Great Southern, D. Bakker, Greg Hamilton, Cliff Spann and Doug Rowe, Agriculture Western Australia

4. The influence of no-till and press wheels on crop production for heavy soils, Peter Fisher, Jennifer Bignell, Matthew Braimbridge, Greg Hamilton, Agriculture

Western Australia

NUTRITION

5. Fertiliser nitrogen, applied late, needs …

A Mutant Of Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii With Reduced Rate Of Photorespiration, Kensaku Suzuki, Tarlan G. Mamedov, Toraoyoshi Ikawa

Papers in Biochemical Engineering

Photorespiration rates under air-equilibrated conditions (0.04% CO₂ and 21% O₂) were measured in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii wild-type 2137, a phosphoglycolate-phosphatase-deficient (pgpl) mutant and a suppressor double mutant (7FR2N) derived from the pgpl mutant. In both cells grown under 5% CO₂ and adapted air for 24 h in the suppressor double mutant, the maximal rate of photorespiration (phosphoglycolate synthesis) was only about half of that in either the wild type or the pgpl mutant (18-7F) cells. In the progeny, the reduced rate of photorespiration was accompanied by increased photosynthetic affinity for inorganic carbon and the capacity for growth …

Determination Of A Methane Intermolecular Potential Model For Use In Molecular Simulations From Ab Initio Calculations, Richard L. Rowley, Tapani A. Pakkanen

Faculty Publications

The possibility of obtaining an accurate site-site potential model suitable for use in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of methane from ab initio calculations has been explored. Counterpoise-corrected (CPC), supermolecule, ab initio energies at the MP2/6-311 + G(2df,2pd) level were computed for eleven relative orientations of two methane molecules as a function of C-C separation distance. C-C, C-H, and H-H interaction parameters in a pairwise-additive, site-site potential model for rigid methane molecules were regressed from the ab initio energies, and the resultant model accurately reproduced the ab initio energies. The model suggests that C-H attractions are dominant in weakly binding the …

Comparison Of Toms And Avhrr Volcanic Ash Retrievals From The August 1992 Eruption Of Mt. Spurr, N. A. Krotkov, O. Torres, C. Seftor, A. J. Krueger, A. Kostinski, William I. Rose, Gregg J. Bluth, D. Schneider, S. J. Schaefer

Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences Publications

On August 19, 1992, the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) onboard NOAA-12 and NASA's Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) onboard the Nimbus-7 satellite simultaneously detected and mapped the ash cloud from the eruption of Mt. Spurr, Alaska. The spatial extent and geometry of the cloud derived from the two datasets are in good agreement and both AVHRR split window IR (11–12µm brightness temperature difference) and the TOMS UV Aerosol Index (0.34–0.38µm ultraviolet backscattering and absorption) methods give the same range of total cloud ash mass. Redundant methods for determination of ash masses in drifting volcanic clouds offer many advantages …

Fabrication Of Visible Light Emitting Diodes Soluble Semiconducting Polymers, Alan J. Heeger, David Braun

Electrical Engineering

Visible light LEDs are produced having a layer of conjugated polymer which is cast directly from solution or formed as a gel-processed admixture with a carrier polymer. The LEDs can be formed so as to emit polarized light.

Paint Gun Incorporating A Laser Device, Richard J. Klein Ii, Douglas L. Sevey

Patents (University of Northern Iowa)

A spray gun for applying a liquid spray coating, such as paint, to a surface incorporates a light source and detection system for analyzing the position of the spray gun relative to a worksurface in order to optimize application of the coating to the surface. The light source is preferably in the form of a laser which emits a beam of light toward the worksurface. The laser is interconnected with the housing of the spray gun in a location over the spray gun handle so as not to effect the center of gravity of the spray gun. Optical sensors are …

Joint Space Systems Operations Program, Robert J. Twiggs, Billy Smith

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs and Lt. Colonel Billy Smith on the "Joint Space Systems Operations Program" from February 8, 1999.

Florida Photovoltaic Buildings Program: Mounting Methods For Rooftop Photovoltaic Arrays Shingle, Tile, And Metal Roofing Systems, Florida Solar Energy Center, Gerard Ventre

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The decision to install a PV array on a rooftop should be followed by the questions where, what, and how. Site selection determines where the array will be installed. The system design provides details on what hardware will be used; and the selected mounting method determines how the array will be attached to the roof.

Opal Picosatellite Launcher, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "OPAL Picosatellite Launcher" from February 3, 1999.

Opal Launch Opportunity, Robert J. Twiggs

Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection

A PowerPoint Presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "OPAL Launch Opportunity" from February 3, 1999.

Lead Free Conductive Composites For Electrical Interconnections, Ravi F. Saraf

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Patents

An electrically conductive paste which includes a thermoplastic polymer, a conductive metal powder and an organic solvent system is disclosed. The invention further encompasses an electrically conductive composite which includes the aforementioned thermoplastic and metal, wherein the metal represents at least about 30% by volume, based on the total volume of the composite. The composite is formed from the paste under elevated temperature. The paste is employed in processes which involve electrically connecting electrical and electronic components under process conditions which convert the paste to the composite.

Lead Free Conductive Composites For Electrical Interconnections, Ravi F. Saraf

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Patents

An electrically conductive paste which includes a thermoplastic polymer, a conductive metal powder and an organic solvent system is disclosed. The invention further encompasses an electrically conductive composite which includes the aforementioned thermoplastic and metal, wherein the metal represents at least about 30% by volume, based on the total volume of the composite. The composite is formed from the paste under elevated temperature. The paste is employed in processes which involve electrically connecting electrical and electronic components under process conditions which convert the paste to the composite.

Lead Free Conductive Composites For Electrical Interconnections, Ravi F. Saraf

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Patents

An electrically conductive paste which includes a thermoplastic polymer, a conductive metal powder and an organic solvent system is disclosed. The invention further encompasses an electrically conductive composite which includes the aforementioned thermoplastic and metal, wherein the metal represents at least about 30% by volume, based on the total volume of the composite. The composite is formed from the paste under elevated temperature. The paste is employed in processes which involve electrically connecting electrical and electronic components under process conditions which convert the paste to the composite.

Ccfss Technical Bulletin February 1999, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Technical Bulletins (1993 - 2020)

No abstract provided.

Early Evolution Of A Stratospheric Volcanic Eruption Cloud As Observed With Toms And Avhrr, David J. Schneider, William I. Rose, Larry R. Coke, Gregg J. Bluth, Ian E. Sprod, Arlin J. Krueger

Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences Publications

This paper is a detailed study of remote sensing data from the total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) and the advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite detectors, of the 1982 eruption of El Chichón, Mexico. The volcanic cloud/atmosphere interactions in the first four days of this eruption were investigated by combining ultraviolet retrievals to estimate the mass of sulfur dioxide in the volcanic cloud [Krueger et al., 1995] with thermal infrared retrievals of the size, optical depth, and mass of fine-grained (1–10 μm radius) volcanic ash [Wen and Rose, 1994]. Our study provides the first direct evidence of gravitational separation …

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 15, Number 2, February 1999, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

A ten page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

A Decision-Oriented Framework For Evaluating Deployment Strategies For Intelligent Transportation Systems, H.-S. Jacob Tsao

Faculty Publications

Because Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) R&D is performed for the ultimate deployment in the real world, deployment issues may limit design options for ITS concepts and technologies and, hence, can be viewed as constraints on ITS R&D. Therefore, ITS deployment issues must be studied at the outset of the R&D process. This paper develops a framework to help recognize and organize such issues. The findings can be used by ITS researchers in developing deployable ITS concepts and technologies and by ITS promoters in deploying ITS technologies having been developed already. Based on a focus on decisions impacting the deployment of …