Engineering Commons^™

A Surface-Based Approach For 3d Approximate Convex Decomposition, Onat Zeybek Kuşkonmaz, Yusuf Sahi̇lli̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Approximate convex decomposition enables the simplification of complex shapes into manageable convex components. In this work, we propose a novel surface-based method to achieve this which leads to efficient computation times and sufficiently convex results while avoiding over-approximating the input model. We start approximation using mesh simplification. Then we iterate over the surface polygons of the mesh and divide them into convex groups. We utilize planar and angular equations to determine suitable neighboring polygons for inclusion in forming convex groups. To ensure our method outputs a sufficient result for a wide range of input shapes, we run multiple iterations of …

A New Dxccdita Based Meminductor Emulator And Its Application In Chaotic Oscillator, Bhawna Aggarwal, Shireesh Kumar Rai, Harsh Jain

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This work introduces a new dual-X current conveyor differential input transconductance amplifier (DXCCDITA) based meminductor emulator, alongside its application in chaotic oscillator has also been presented. To realize the designed meminductor emulator, one DXCCDITA, two resistors, and two capacitors are employed. Pinched hysteresis loops are achieved across a wide frequency range spanning from 100 Hz to 1.5 MHz, encompassing both decremental and incremental topologies. Additionally, the proposed circuit offers the flexibility to switch between incremental and decremental configurations using a simple switch. Through examination of non-volatility and transient responses, the efficiency of the presented emulator is evidently demonstrated. To further …

Fault Diagnosis Of Photovoltaic Array Based On Gated Residual Network With Multi-Head Self Attention Mechanism, Ahmed Mesai Belgacem, Mounir Hadef, Abdesslem Djerdir

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Effective fault identification and diagnosis in photovoltaic (PV) arrays is vital for improving the effectiveness, and safety of solar energy systems. While various artificial intelligence methods have successfully established fault detection and diagnosis models, introducing inefficiencies and potentially overlooking useful features. Moreover, these methods often employ neural networks with limited performance capabilities. In response to these challenges, this paper introduces an innovative intelligent model that integrates a combination of a gated residual neural network (GRN) and a multi-head self-attention mechanism (MHSA). To evaluate the proposed fault diagnosis model, the small-scale PV grid system is implemented, and fault simulation experiments, including …

Developing Linguistic Patterns To Mitigate Inherent Human Bias In Offensive Language Detection, Toygar Tanyel, Besher Alkurdi, Serkan Ayvaz

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

With the proliferation of social media, there has been a sharp increase in offensive content, particularly targeting vulnerable groups, exacerbating social problems such as hatred, racism, and sexism. Detecting offensive language use is crucial to prevent offensive language from being widely shared on social media. However, the accurate detection of irony, implication, and various forms of hate speech on social media remains a challenge. Natural language-based deep learning models require extensive training with large, comprehensive, and labeled datasets. Unfortunately, manually creating such datasets is both costly and error-prone. Additionally, the presence of human-bias in offensive language datasets is a major …

A Cascade Genetic Algorithm Based Adaptive Backstepping Impedance Control For Upper Limb Rehabilitation Robot, Mawloud Aichaoui, Ameur Ikhlef

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper proposes a novel cascade impedance control architecture designed for the upper limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robot. The proposed architecture comprises two parts: Firstly, the impedance reference trajectory is shaped from the desired trajectory utilizing the desired impedance model and feedback contact torques. The second part of the proposed controller is an adaptive backstepping control, responsible for tracking the generated impedance reference trajectory. Notably, the proposed adaptive backstepping impedance controller is non-model-based control approach, eliminating the need for the robot's model. Furthermore, a genetic algorithm is employed as an offline tuning method for the inner position loop controller, namely the …

Lgformer: Informer-Based Personalized Modeling For Blood Glucose Prediction, Xue Yuewei, Shaopeng Guan, Jia Wanhai

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Effective diabetes management relies on precise prediction of blood glucose levels to minimize complications. However, the patterns and fluctuations in blood glucose vary significantly among patients, posing a challenge for existing prediction methods. Many current approaches fail to accommodate these individual differences, leading to less reliable predictions. In response to this challenge, we present LGformer, a novel prediction model based on the Informer architecture, designed to enhance both flexibility and accuracy. LGformer improves upon Informer by integrating LSTM and GRU layers into its probSparse Self-attention mechanism, allowing for personalized processing of blood glucose data tailored to each patient's unique profile. …

Towards Human-Machine Collaboration In Autonomous Material Handling On Construction Sites, Jyrki Oraskari, Lukas Kirner, Marit Zöcklein, Sigrid Brell-Cokcan

Human-Machine Communication

In the contemporary construction industry, the shortage of skilled labor has prompted the exploration of automation as a remedy and machine autonomy as a potential solution to the environmental conditions at the site. This research explores the balance between human oversight and the independent decision-making capabilities of robots for material delivery on construction sites. Using a scenario-based approach, autonomy in construction robotics is evaluated across four human-machine interaction cases with spatial and temporal dimensions. The expected outcomes revolve around improved safety through better human-machine communication and establishing an interoperable data model to enhance robot autonomy. This aims to automate tasks …

Characterizing West Florida Shelf Reef Fish Communities Using A Scientific Echosounder, Edmund A. Hughes

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The advancement and application of non-invasive fisheries survey technologies, such as the scientific echosounder, have significantly enhanced our understanding of fish populations and their habitats, more recently in regions where traditional sampling methods are limited, such as complex reef habitats. This research, conducted as part of the Continental Shelf Characterization, Assessment, and Mapping Project (C-SCAMP) on the West Florida Shelf, leverages acoustic and visual technologies to investigate the distribution of fish densities, fish target strength and length relationships, and the relationship between seafloor topography and fish biomass distribution.

The first study compared reef fish densities estimated from near-concurrent acoustic (Simrad …

Analysing Sound Characteristics Of Cello And Violin Using Fast Fourier Transform, Sinin Hamdan, Khairul Anwar Mohamad Said, Ahmad Faudzi Musib, Marini Sawawi, Aaliyawani Ezzerin Sinin

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The unique sound characteristics of music are based on multiple harmonic frequencies that exist within the sound waves. Through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) software, the wave can be broken down into frequency and amplitude components. Spectrum analysis can be used quantitatively to describe these sound characteristics. In this paper, the frequency range present in the spectrum and the average intensity of the first 10 high notes in the sound are used to classify the sound characteristics of the cello and violin. This is done by generating a frequency (x-axis) and amplitude (y-axis) graph for the sounds of the cello and …

Sdf-1Α Mediates Primary Tumor Escape In Glioblastoma Through Activation Of Mesenchymal Transitions, Charles T. Froman-Glover

The Cardinal Edge

Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly aggressive primary brain tumor originating in glial cells, poses a significant challenge due to its rapid growth and invasive nature within healthy brain tissue.

Current treatments involve surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation. These treatments alone are not enough to cure this disease, and a better understanding of the mechanics of the tumor's micro-environment is imperative to furthering the field of cancer research. This research focuses on understanding the tumor microenvironment's impact, specifically investigating the role of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) mechanics on GBM aggressiveness. SDF-1 is known to facilitate disease progression by facilitating chemotaxis toward …

Design And Implementation Of Attitude Control System For Gnssas 6u Cubesat, Anoud Nasser Alkatheeri

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

This thesis presents the design and simulation of the Attitude Control System (ACS) for the GNSSaS 6U CubeSat, developed by the National Space Science and Technology Center (NSSTC) at UAE University. The CubeSat's mission is to enhance GNSS signal accuracy, which requires precise attitude control to achieve this objective. The ACS utilizes magnetorquers and reaction wheels for actuation. The primary objective of this thesis is to design an ACS that fulfills the mission’s performance requirements, including maintaining pointing accuracy in both fine and medium pointing modes. To achieve this, a comprehensive disturbance analysis was conducted, leading to the selection of …

Motivating Sustainability Through The State Of Biologically Inspired Design, Bryan Watson

Sustainability Conference

There are multiple arguements for sustainability, but one that resonates with environmentalists and the public alike is the need for preservation to all us to discovery natural solutions to our problems. Common examples often given include medical discoveries, unique mechanisms, and new materials. This presentation focuses on two ideas to motivate sustainability. First, what is the current state of biologically inspired design? Is there more to learn from nature? To answer these questions, recent research is presented which examined 660 Biologically Inspired Design samples from three data sources: Google Scholar, Google News, and the Asknature.org “Innovations” database. The data were …

Sustainable Flight Training Schools And Their Role To Meet Net Zero Targets, Eva Maleviti

Sustainability Conference

This presentation is part of a wider research project to identify the elements that must be considered regarding flight training schools’ role in aviation sustainability. Net Zero Pathways and goals, emission schemes, design specifications, and sustainable fuels are some of the most popular changes for airlines and manufacturers. Flight training schools must be at the forefront of promoting aviation sustainability to tomorrow’s professionals. The ICAO Carbon Offsetting Requirement Scheme for International Airlines (CORSIA) relies heavily on the firm and reliable information in the operators’ system. Proper emission calculation requires flight crews to feed valid and accurate flight information data. Hence, …

Design Of A Safe And Sustainable Airplane For Future, Henil Patel, Carlie Vogt, Matthew Talty, Jemimah Davies, Kyle Smothers, Mellisa Pritchet

Sustainability Conference

As a part of Airplane Preliminary Design course, this Design Note estimates the capabilities, performance, and stability behaviors of our conceptual airplane design, Boeing 7S7 – Sanctum prior to proceeding to the preliminary stage. This aircraft seeks to create a solution to achieving Net Zero Emissions by 2050 and increasing the safety measures. The design of this aircraft uses various analytical methods such as the DAPCA IV model, other methods were derived from design books. This design involved the use of software such as CATIA, VSP, SURFACES, Microsoft Excel, and Python. Results demonstrates that this aircraft is able to fly …

Designing Customized Loss Functions For Training Deep Neural Networks, Ali Pourramezan Fard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores the critical role of loss functions in enhancing the predictive performance of deep machine learning models. Loss functions are an integral element of all the ongoing advances we witness daily in this domain. I design custom loss functions and their impacts on various machine learning tasks, particularly in computer vision.

In the first stage of my research, I aim to improve the prediction performance of deep learning models by providing them with more precise feedback associated with task requirements. This led me to create the concept of assistive loss functions. My first proposed loss function, inspired by …

The Impact Of Cumulative And Acute Loading On Achilles Tendon Health, Performance, And Reported Pain In Collegiate Gymnasts, Julio Serrano Samayoa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Gymnasts are at a high risk of Achilles tendon (AT) injuries due to intense loads during takeoffs and landings. To better understand better the relationship between impact loading and its effects on tendon adaptation and athletic performance, this study uses Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) to track AT loading across a collegiate gymnastics season. This data were compared against physiological and athletic performance metrics, obtained through force plates and ultrasound imaging, to explore how mechanical load influences reported pain and athletic performance. Results varied, with cumulative impacts being correlated with improved jump height (Spearman 0.362, Pearson 0.348), while peak power and …

Model-Based Navigation And Control Of Multirotor Uavs: A Machine Learning Approach, Serhat Sönmez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In recent decades, unmanned systems, particularly Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), have seen significant advancement and unprecedented growth in military, civilian and public domain applications. Scientists have focused on enhancing UAV navigation and control through cutting-edge technologies and support tools. UAVs find applications in many fields, except military, such as agriculture, infrastructure inspection, wildlife monitoring, search and rescue, emergency response, border protection, to name but a few relevant civilian applications. Given the faster-than-exponential increase of available computational power, learning-based algorithms have emerged as a prominent tool for (real-time) multirotor UAV navigation and control. This dissertation centers around the fusion of conventional …

Security Vulnerabilities In Mobile Operating Systems Used In Iot Devices: An Examination Of Current Challenges And Countermeasures, Isain Cortes Jr.

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

No abstract provided.

Implementing The Safe System Approach At Intersections In Utah, Ian Patrick Macgregor

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates the principles and elements of the Safe System Approach, a new paradigm in roadway safety. A compendium of practice was created to determine recommendations on how to implement the Safe System Approach at intersections and observe how other jurisdictions are implementing it. Several strategies identified include the Safe Systems at Intersections (SSI) methodology, Safe System Alignment Frameworks, Vision Zero communities, incorporating the Safe System Approach into the Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP) or Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP), mandating the Safe System Approach be considered in all projects, and the Organizational Safety Culture Self-Assessment. These policies do …

Transportation Policies, Programs And History, Ivonne Audirac, Amber B. Raley, Jenifer Reiner, Soheil Sharifi-Asl

Mavs Open Press Open Educational Resources - Archive

Transportation Policies, Programs and History is a text intended for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in urban and transportation planning. Contents by chapter include:

1. Brief history of U.S. transportation policy and traffic congestion: A persistent transportation planning issue.
2. Transportation planning and modeling.
3. Transportation programming and evaluation.
4. Equity in transportation planning
5. Mobility modes.
6. Transportation, accessibility, and the built environment.
7. Transit and transit-oriented development.
8. Transportation and new technologies.
9. Sustainable transportation.
10. Transportation in the Global South.

This textbook is part of a six-volume series produced under the grant OERTransport: Enabling Transportation Planning Professional Advancement awarded to the University of Texas-Arlington (UTA) …

Applications Of Computer Vision In Biomechanics And Orthopaedics, William Stewart Burton Ii

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Machine learning has emerged as a key technology for enabling advanced computer vision systems. These systems now permeate many industries, and have enhanced traditional processes through autonomous interpretation of visual data. In the field of orthopaedics, the increasing prevalence of imaging highlights a need for similar tools. In many cases, however, direct translation of available frameworks fails to resolve the complex problems currently facing this field. Stringent performance requirements, complex visual environments, data scarcity, and implications for patient safety represent domain-specific factors which pose unique challenges to proven techniques. Novel approaches are needed to realize the full benefits of visual …

Evaluating Diy Air Cleaner Variability And Potential For Post-Construction Emission Of Aromatic Vocs During Wildfire Events, Brett W. Stinson, Amity L. Deters, Elliott T. Gall

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

While do-it-yourself (DIY) air cleaners such as the Corsi-Rosenthal Box (CR Box) are an increasingly popular choice for low-cost, accessible air cleaning during a wildfire event, construction and performance variability remains a concern. Using the same set of instructions, materials, and location of assembly, seven CR Boxes are constructed by individuals with no prior DIY air cleaner experience and clean air delivery rates (CADRs) are experimentally determined for each of the devices. Against a challenge aerosol consisting of fresh smoke generated via pine needle combustion, average number-based, PM2.5 CR Box CADRs range from 313–396 m3/h (relative standard deviation = 7.6 …

Computational Study Of The Evolution Of The Grain Boundary Network During Anisotropic Grain Growth, Jose Nino

Theses and Dissertations

The grain boundary network (GBN) of polycrystalline materials changes during grain growth, affecting the material's properties. This research presents the results of fully anisotropic grain growth simulations. We perform simulations using three GB energy functions: an energy function that considers a GB's 5 degrees of freedom, the Read-Shockley model, and isotropic. We analyze the impact of these energy functions on the morphological evolution and various microstructural statistics, such as crystallographic texture and triple junction distribution. The results demonstrate that while individual grain evolution varies with GB energy function, certain microstructural statistics reach similar steady states across different models. In addition, …

Autonomous Driving Trajectory Prediction, Carlos Funes

Undergraduate Research Symposium Lightning Talks

Autonomous driving is undoubtedly one of the world's most revolutionary technologies, opening the door to a more secure traffic environment. This innovation has led to vehicles being able to drive by themselves without the necessity of a person behind the wheel, as well as cruise control, lane-keeping assist, and automatic emergency braking. Unfortunately, there is still plenty of work before autonomous driving becomes more popular among drivers. While at UNLV as an undergraduate student/research assistant, one of my goals is to learn how these technologies work to bring ideas into the automotive industry by refining solutions to problems within these …

It's Not As Bad As You Think: Detecting Ai-Generated Voices, Yong Qin Xu

Undergraduate Research Symposium Lightning Talks

Advances in machine learning have opened up the world to a brand new frontier of fraudulent phone calls which the average person may not be in any way prepared for. From imitations of a loved one's voice to lifelike mimicry of human callers, telephone scams may become harder than ever to anticipate or prevent now that criminals have the help of AI on their side. This is why in my research paper, I aim to analyze and compare two existing methods of detecting the authenticity of human voice recordings in order to demonstrate and explain currently available technology that's capable …

Beyond The Waterfall: A Review Of Project Management Methodologies In Stem, Yessenia Henriquez

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Project management has been exercised from history's early stages to concurrent practices today. It has evolved from the early stages of the Gantt chart and five primary principles to well-renowned project management methodologies such as Waterfall and Agile. This literature review focuses on comprehending four project management methodologies (Waterfall, Agile, Kanban, and Scrum), learning their criteria and frameworks, and their application in a specific STEM environment when applicable. This work reviews the recent research literature about these four methods. An overview of project management certificates and guidelines is covered as well. Waterfall is known to be a traditional method, having …

Utilizing A Hybrid Apprach To Link Maternal And Neonatal Records, Vidhani S. Goel, Ana Reyes, Bertille Assoumou, Dodds P. Simangan, Farooq Abdulla, Megumi Akiyama, Deborah A. Kuhls, Kavita Batra

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Linkage of independent datasets allows comprehensive and robust analysis. This study aims to utilize a hybrid strategy to link maternal records with neonatal data with an overarching goal of investigating correlates of adverse birth outcomes.

To link 126,757 records from Nevada Medicaid with 249,181 maternal records from Birth Registry, a hybrid linkage approach was utilized. Data normalization was first performed for the standardization of linkage keys. First, a deterministic approach was used to link these records using a unique identifier followed by a fuzzy or probabilistic algorithm using a set of block variables. These block variables included date of birth, …

Characterizing The Mechanical And Visoelastic Properties Of Sodium Alginate, Vesper Evereux

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

A crucial part of tissue engineering lies in understanding and characterizing the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of various types of biomaterials. Understanding these properties allows better biomaterials to be produced with characteristics more similar to those of the human body and with better biocompatability. In this study, sodium alginate was chemically crosslinked with calcium chloride and subsequently tested for it's instantaneous Elastic Modulus, instantaneous Shear Modulus, and equivalent viscosity using indentation testing methods consisting of a stress-relaxation test and nonlinear curve-fitting analysis. Two and three millimeter indentation tests were performed using a low-cost and portable device built in-lab that resulted …

Repurposing Non-Toxic And Cost-Effective Organic Ligancds To Enhance The Removal Of Uranium And Thorium From Wastewater, Will Campbell

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Cheap, effective and industrially practical remediation methods for uranium and thorium are of utmost importance. Electrocoagulation is a cheap but only mildly effective method for the remediation of these elements. It was recently shown that chelating ligands enhance this process. Unfortunately, few ligands have been tested for this enhancement. Of these, the most effective, Alizarin Red S, had a 99.2% uranium removal efficiency but was expensive ($3.6 / g), toxic to humans and environmentally harmful. Therefore, ligands that avoid these downsides are needed before any industrial application can occur. Potential ligands were found via exhaustive searches of MilliporeSigma’s database. Over …

Detection Of Methane Leaks By The Use Of Mid-Range Infrared Camera, Jared Rosario, Oscar Salcido

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Timely detection of methane leaks from natural gas infrastructure, like pipelines and valves, is essential for mitigating environmental and safety risks. This research focuses on using mid-wave infrared (MwIR) cameras on unmanned aerial systems (UAS) to detect leaks. By leveraging machine learning, the study aims to develop an efficient, real-time methane inspection system that operates directly on embedded processors on UAS platforms.

This project employs the FLIR G300a OGI camera for remote gas inspection, utilizing video preprocessing and optical flow to mask gas plumes in footage. The YOLOv8 deep learning model is used to detect gas pixels and segment the …