Science and Technology Studies Commons^™

Sintering Of Iron Ores In A Millipot In Comparison With Tablet Testing And Industrial Process, Huibin Li, Di Zhou, David J. Pinson, Paul Zulli, Liming Lu, Raymond Longbottom, Sheng Chew, Brian J. Monaghan, Guangqing Zhang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

To explore the feasibility of small-scale sintering pot testing, a 'millipot' facility (diameter of 53 mm and height of 400 mm) was established and used to examine the sintering performance of iron ores and other non-traditional ferrous materials. The sintering performance of a millipot was examined across a range of different operational conditions (coke rate and suction pressure) and compared with an industrial sinter strand operation. Tablet tests were also performed to assist in the design of the millipot experiments and identify conditions for achieving mineral composition similar to the industrial sinter. For the millipot experiments, the materials used need …

A Novel Reaching Law For Sliding Mode Control Of Uncertain Discrete-Time Systems, Q Xu, Haiping Du, B He, T H. Yan, Weihua Li, Shuaishuai Sun

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper proposed a new sliding mode control algorithm for discrete-time systems with matched uncertainty. The new control algorithm is characterized by a new discrete switching surface. Although the exponential reaching law can reduce oscillation, the control effectiveness will be suppressed when the rate of change of disturbance is high. The exponential reaching law cannot force the system states to approach sliding surface s k = 0. In order to solve the contradiction between guaranteeing the basic property of quasi-sliding mode and reducing oscillation, a new discrete reaching law is proposed to improve the reaching process of discrete exponent reaching …

Effect Of Chemical Composition On Microstructure, Strength And Wear Resistance Of Wire Deposited Ni-Cu Alloys, Olexandra Marenych, Donghong Ding, Zengxi Stephen Pan, Andrii Kostryzhev, Hui Jun Li, Stephen Van Duin

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Two Ni-Cu alloys (Monel K500 and FM 60) having various Mn, Fe, Al, Ti and C contents were deposited on a Monel K500 plate at three different speeds using wire arc additive manufacturing technique. Microstructure characterisation, in particular a detailed study of precipitates, was carried out using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical properties were assessed using hardness, tensile and wear testing. For similar deposition conditions, Monel K500 has exhibited smaller secondary dendrite arm spacing and higher number density of Ti-rich particles, although the Ti concentration in FM 60 was higher. Finer microstructure and Ti precipitation led to superior hardness, …

Atomistic Simulation Of The Interaction Between Point Defects And Twin Boundary, Liang Zhang, Yasushi Shibuta, Cheng Lu, Xiaoxu Huang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

While nanotwinned metals have been proven to show excellent mechanical properties, they are generally anticipated to be less effective in the alleviation of radiation damage. However, recent in situ studies have indicated that some nanotwinned metals exhibit unprecedented radiation tolerance, and the unexpected self‐healing of twin boundaries in response to radiation was observed. To reveal the underlying atomic mechanisms, we performed long‐time molecular dynamics simulations to study the dynamic interaction between twin boundary and some typical radiation‐induced point defects, including vacancy cluster and self‐interstitial atoms. The defective structures of coherent twin boundary which contains incoherent twin segment or self‐interstitial atoms …

Lattice Parameter Evolution During Heating Of Ti-45al-7.5nb-0.25/0.5c Alloys Under Atmospheric And High Pressures, Xi Li, Rian J. Dippenaar, Ayumi Shiro, Takahisa Shobu, Yuji Higo, Mark H. Reid, Hiroshi Suzuki, Koichi Akita, Ken-Ichi Funakoshi, Klaus-Dieter Liss

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Lattice strain evolution during deformation processing of Ti-Al alloys at high temperature is important in terms of its microstructural evolution and microstructural stability. It is shown here that careful evaluation of lattice parameters is critical for the understanding of thermal expansion, crystallographic order, chemical composition and response to pressure, allowing to identify phase transitions and segregation, in addition to the measurement of the more conventional quantities phase composition and order parameter. The lattice parameters of Ti-45Al-7.5Nb-0.25/0.5C (at. %) alloys were calculated using both Rietveld and single peak fitting methods from data obtained by in-situ synchrotron diffraction experiments at high temperature …

Fractional-Order Pid Control Strategy On Hydraulic-Loading System Of Typical Electromechanical Platform, Ning Wang, Jianmei Wang, Zhixiong Li, Xuefeng Tang, Dingbang Hou

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In this paper, a control method for a hydraulic loading system of an electromechanical platform based on a fractional-order PID (Proportion-Integration-Differentiation) controller is proposed, which is used to drive the loading system of a mechatronic journal test rig. The mathematical model of the control system is established according to the principle of the electro-hydraulic system. Considering the indetermination of model parameters, the method of parameter identification was used to verify the rationality of the theoretical model. In order to improve the control precision of the hydraulic loading system, the traditional PID controller and fractional-order PID controller are designed by selecting …

A Two-Level Clustering Strategy For Energy Performance Evaluation Of University Buildings, Kehua Li, Zhenjun Ma, Duane A. Robinson, Jun Ma

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper presents a clustering strategy to evaluate the energy performance and identify typical daily load profiles of buildings. The cluster analysis included intra-building clustering and inter-building clustering. The intra-building clustering used Gaussian mixture model clustering to identify the typical daily load profiles of each individual building. The inter-building clustering used hierarchical clustering to further identify the typical daily load profiles of a stock of buildings based on the typical daily load profiles identified for each individual building. The performance of this strategy was tested and evaluated using the two-year hourly electricity consumption data collected from 40 buildings on a …

Unconventional Locomotion Of Liquid Metal Droplets Driven By Magnetic Fields, Jian Shu, Shiyang Tang, Zhihua Feng, Weihua Li, Xiangpeng Li, Shiwu Zhang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The locomotion of liquid metal droplets enables enormous potential for realizing various applications in microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs), biomimetics, and microfluidics. However, current techniques for actuating liquid metal droplets are either associated with intense electrochemical reactions or require modification of their physical properties by coating/mixing them with other materials. These methods either generate gas bubbles or compromise the stability and liquidity of the liquid metal. Here, we introduce an innovative method for controlling the locomotion of liquid metal droplets using Lorentz force induced by magnetic fields. Remarkably, utilizing a magnetic field to induce actuation avoids the generation of gas bubbles in …

Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Conversion Device Response Spectra, Brad Stappenbelt

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The objective of the present work is to serve as a practical addendum to the discrete parameter Oscillating Water Column (OWC) Wave Energy Conversion (WEC) device model proposed by Folley and Whittaker [1] at the 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. In particular, a method for the interpretation of their discrete parameter model is presented, consisting of a translation from the tuning and air compressibility parameter map reported to a response spectrum representation. In this more commonly encountered form the model is more readily physically interpreted for design and analysis application.

Effect Of Phase Transition Temperature And Thermal Conductivity On The Performance Of Latent Heat Storage System, Yu Bie, Ming Li, Reza Malekian, Fei Chen, Zhikang Feng, Zhixiong Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

2018 Elsevier Ltd The heat transfer properties of phase change materials (PCMs) are of importance for the efficiency assessment on the heat storage and release in solar thermal systems. Previous research results demonstrate that the increase of thermal conductivity of PCMs can enhance the thermal performance in solar thermal systems; however, the corresponding mechanism is not clear. To this end, this work investigates the influence of PCMs properties on storage performance of solar thermal systems. First, experimental testing was conducted to verify the effectiveness of a thermal simulation model in the heat storage and release process. Then, the proposed simulation …

Experimental And Modeling Investigation On Separation Of Methane From Coal Seam Gas (Csg) Using Hydrate Formation, Yiwei Wang, Ye Deng, Xuqiang Guo, Qiang Sun, Aixian Liu, Guangqing Zhang, Gang Yue, Lanying Yang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The effects of temperature, pressure, initial promoter concentration and coal seam gas/liquid ratio on the separation of methane from coal seam gas were experimentally investigated. Low temperature, high pressure and high promoter concentration lead to high separation efficiency and high recovery rate of CH 4 , but reduce the CH 4 capture selectivity in hydrate. Experimental simulation of a three-stage separation shows that CH 4 can be concentrated from 34.6 to 81.3 mol% in the dissociated gas, while its content is only 7.2 mol% in the residual gas. An innovative model was established to predict the separation performance. The modeling …

Depolymerization Of Sodium Polyphosphates On An Iron Oxide Surface At High Temperature, Manh Ha Le, Anh Kiet Tieu, Hongtao Zhu, Thi D. Ta, Haibo Yu, Thi Thuy Huong Ta, Nam Van Tran, Shanhong Wan

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Density functional theory (DFT) and first principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) studies of pyrophosphate cluster Na 4 P 2 O 7 and triphosphate cluster Na 5 P 3 O 10 absorbed and decomposed on an Fe 2 O 3 (0001) surface have been conducted. Comparative analyses of the structure properties and adsorption processes during the simulation at elevated temperature have been carried out. The results depict the key interactions including the covalent P-O bonds, pure ionic Na-O or Fe-O interactions. The iron oxide surface plays an important role in the bridging bond decomposition scheme which can both promote and suppress phosphate …

Segmented Forefoot Plate In Basketball Footwear: Does It Influence Performance And Foot Joint Kinematics And Kinetics?, Wing-Kai Lam, Winson Lee, Wei Min Lee, Christina Ma, Pui Kong

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This study examined the effects of shoes’ segmented forefoot stiffness on athletic performance and ankle and metatarsophalangeal joint kinematics and kinetics in basketball movements. Seventeen university basketball players performed running vertical jumps and 5-msprints atmaximumeffort with 3 basketball shoes of various forefoot plate conditions (medial plate, medial + lateral plates, and no-plate control). One-way repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine the differences in athletic performance, joint kinematics, and joint kinetics among the 3 footwear conditions (α = .05). Results indicated that participants wearing medial + lateral plates shoes demonstrated 2.9% higher jump height than those wearing control shoes (P …

Thermal Perceptions, Preferences And Adaptive Behaviours Of Occupants Of Nursing Homes, Federico Tartarini, Paul Cooper, Richard Fleming

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

While the rapid increase in the fraction of people aged over 65 is driving a substantial increase in the number of people living in nursing homes, there has been very limited previous research carried out on how residents of nursing homes perceive their thermal environment and there is a lack of thermal comfort guidelines for the aged care sector. This article reports on a study to investigate thermal perceptions, preferences and adaptive behaviours of occupants in five nursing homes. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire while local environmental parameters were monitored in their near proximity using portable equipment. Not …

Investigation Into The Viability Of K-Tig For Joining Armour Grade Quenched And Tempered Steel, Zhenyu Fei, Zengxi Stephen Pan, Dominic Cuiuri, Hui Jun Li, Bintao Wu, Donghong Ding, Lihong Su, Azdiar Adil Gazder

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Motivated by significant loss of mechanical properties during conventional fusion arc welding processes owing to under matching filler materials used and low efficiency associated with multipass welding, the viability of keyhole tungsten inert gas (K-TIG) welding for joining armour grade quenched and tempered (Q & T) steel was presented. Single pass full penetration was achieved on 9 mm thick plates at a speed of 28 cm/min −1 without using any filler materials and edge preparation. In-depth investigation into the weld was conducted by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, electron back-scattered diffraction, microhardness and tensile test. The results show that the …

Review Of Cybersecurity Frameworks: Context And Shared Concepts, Riza Azmi, William J. Tibben, Khin Than Win

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In an effort to develop strong cyber resilience, international organisations, academic institutions, corporations and countries have been actively working to develop cybersecurity frameworks (CSFs). Such efforts emphasize various perspectives depending on the organisation's intention, while their contents involve the same concept. The aim of this paper is to incorporate the many varied perspectives on CSFs and gather them into a concise view by contrasting different intentions and distilling shared concepts. To do so, this study uses the document analysis method alongside two cycles of coding (descriptive coding and pattern coding) to excerpt 12 extant CSFs. The various intentions can be …

Persuasive System Features In Computer-Mediated Lifestyle Modification Interventions For Physical Activity, Khin Than Win, Madeleine R H Roberts, Harri Oinas-Kukkonen

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Objective: Increasing physical activity has been identified as one of the most important factors in lifestyle modification. Previous studies have reported the effectiveness of using the Internet in motivating behavioral modifications of physical activities. The aim of this study is to identify the persuasive system features most frequently used in computer-mediated physical activities in the current literature.

Materials and Methods: In this review, intervention studies were identified through a structured computerized search of PubMed, PsychInfo, and Web of Science. The results of the search were analyzed using the persuasive systems design (PSD) features identified by Oinas-Kukkonen and Harjumaa …

Application Of Geoinclusions For Sustainable Rail Infrastructure Under Increased Axle Loads And Higher Speeds, Buddhima Indraratna, Fernanda Bessa Ferreira, Yujie Qi, Ngoc Trung Ngo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Given the ongoing demand for faster trains for carrying heavier loads, conventional ballasted railroads require considerable upgrading in order to cope with the increasing traffic-induced stresses. During train operations, ballast deteriorates due to progressive breakage and fouling caused by the infiltration of fine particles from the surface or mud-pumping from the underneath layers (e.g. sub-ballast, sub-grade), which decreases the load bearing capacity, impedes drainage and increases the deformation of ballasted tracks. Suitable ground improvement techniques involving geosynthetics and resilient rubber sheets are commonly employed to enhance the stability and longevity of rail tracks. This keynote paper focuses mainly on research …

Compressive Behaviour Of Partially Frp Confined Concrete: Experimental Observations And Assessment Of The Stress-Strain Models, Weiqiang Wang, M Neaz Sheikh, Ali Qasim Al-Baali, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This study provides new insight on the compressive behaviour of partially fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) confined concrete with either strain-hardening or strain-softening responses. Fully FRP confined concrete, partially FRP confined concrete with different strip gaps, and unconfined concrete were tested under axial compression. Four types of axial load-axial deformation behaviours were observed for specimens with different strip gaps. Even though a high volumetric ratio of FRP was applied, the confinement effectiveness was negligible when the strip gap exceeded the diameter of the specimens. Moreover, the axial stress-axial strain behaviours of wrapped and non-wrapped concrete were observed to be different, and …

Spatial Data Compression Via Adaptive Dispersion Clustering, Yuliya Marchetti, Hai Nguyen, Amy Braverman, Noel A. Cressie

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Spatial Dispersion Clustering (ASDC), a new method of spatial data compression, is specifically designed to reduce the size of a spatial dataset in order to facilitate subsequent spatial prediction. Unlike traditional data and image compression methods, the goal of ASDC is to create a new dataset that will be used as input into spatial-prediction methods, such as traditional kriging or Fixed Rank Kriging, where using the full dataset may be computationally infeasible. ASDC can be classified as a lossy compression method and is based on spectral clustering. It aims to produce contiguous spatial clusters and to preserve the spatial-correlation structure …