Medical Sciences Commons^™

Flanker Task Performance In Young And Older Adults: A Behavioral And Erp Study, Fatima Medrano

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Research suggests that as we get older, executive function abilities decline (Hasher & Zacks, 1988; Salthouse, 1996). One affected ability is that of inhibitory control, which aids in monitoring our responses to non-target stimuli or information. Current research on inhibition reveals inconsistencies across studies. Monitoring brain responses during the Flanker (used to measure inhibitory control) task may add valuable insight into the processes underlying group differences behaviorally, by studying the N200 and P300 event-related potentials which have been associated with inhibitory control processes. This study investigated whether there are differences between older and younger adults in inhibitory control and whether …

Cognitive And Neuroscientific Perspectives Of Healthy Ageing, Jon B. Prince, Helen L. Davis, Jane Tan, Katrina Muller-Townsend, Shaun Markovic, David M. G. Lewis, Brianne Hastie, Matthew B. Thompson, Peter D. Drummond, Hakuei Fujiyama, Hamid R. Sohrabi

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

With dementia incidence projected to escalate significantly within the next 25 years, the United Nations declared 2021–2030 the Decade of Healthy Ageing, emphasising cognition as a crucial element. As a leading discipline in cognition and ageing research, psychology is well-equipped to offer insights for translational research, clinical practice, and policy-making. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the current state of knowledge on age-related changes in cognition and psychological health. We discuss cognitive changes during ageing, including (a) heterogeneity in the rate, trajectory, and characteristics of decline experienced by older adults, (b) the role of cognitive reserve in age-related cognitive decline, …

Comparative Analysis Of Doxycycline And Ayurvedic Herbs To Target Metastatic Breast 2 Cancer: An In-Silico Approach, Acharya Balkrishna, Rashmi Mittal, Rohan Malik, Hariom Verma, Kuldeep Singh Mehra, Hariom Chaturvedi, Okeshwar Okeshwar, Swami Ishdev, Ajay Kumar, Vedpriya Arya

BioMedicine

Background: Metastasis of breast cancer cells to distant sites including lungs, liver, lymph node, brain and many more have substantially affected the overall survival outcome and distant metastasis free survival rate amongst the diseased individuals. Several pre-clinical and clinical studies were carried out to determine the potency of vigorous inhibitors but they extensively deteriorated the patient’s quality of life. Hence, there exists an urgent need to explore potent natural remedy to fight against metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: Ayurvedic medicinal plants documented in literature for their ability to fight against breast cancer was screened and their respective active moieties were evaluated …

In Vitro And In Silico Evaluation Of Andrographis Paniculata Ethanolic Crude Extracts On 3 Fatty Acid Synthase Expression On Breast Cancer Cells, Nur Amanina Johari, Nur Anisa Sapi’I, Alvin Lu Jiunn Hieng, Nurriza Ab Latif, Syazwani Itri Amran, Rosnani Hasham, Khairunadwa Jemon

BioMedicine

Background Fatty acid synthase (FASN), a key rate-limiting enzyme in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway has been identified to be overexpressed in breast cancer. This overexpression has been affiliated with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapeutics. Consequently, FASN has come into focus as an appealing potential target for breast cancer treatment. Available FASN inhibitors, however, are unstable and have been correlated with adverse side effects. Objective This present study aims to investigate the potential of Andrographis paniculata ethanolic crude extract (AP) as a potent FASN inhibitor in breast cancer cells. Materials & Methods This study used MTT assay and flow …

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles-Doped Curcumin-Assisted Recovery Of Rheumatoid Arthritis And Antioxidant Status In Experimental Rabbits, Shanza Azeez, Mishal Fatima, Ouz Gul, Huzaifa Rehman, Muhammad Aslam Shad, Haq Nawaz

BioMedicine

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and synovial joint destruction.

Aims: The current study investigated the possible beneficial effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles-doped curcumin (ZnONPs-DC) on the recovery of RA and antioxidant status of experimental rabbits.

Methods: RA was induced in experimental rabbits by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant and collagen type-II emulsion (100 µL/kg body weight) in the base of their tail. Arthritic rabbits were orally treated with ZnONPs, curcumin, and ZnONPs-DC (250 µL/kg body weight). Serum samples from the control and study groups were collected before and after RA induction and after treatment. …

Protection Of Gueichih-Fuling-Wan On Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Brain Injury In Rodents Is Mediated By Trans-Cinnamaldehyde Via Inhibition Of Neuroinflammation And Apoptosis, Yuh-Fung Chen, Kuo-Jen Wu, Chi-Chung Kuo, Huei-Yann Tsai

BioMedicine

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and an effective therapeutic strategy for the prevention of patients with cerebral ischemiainduced brain injury is lacking. Traditional Chinese medicine with neuroprotective activities might be beneficial and provide alternative therapeutic opportunities for cerebral ischemia.Purposes: This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotection and possible mechanisms of Gueichih-Fuling-Wan (GFW), its’ constitutive herbs, and their active compounds on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain injury in rodents.Methods: Various doses of extracts (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g/kg) of GFW and five constituent herbs (Cinnamomi Cortex, CC; Poria cocos, PC; Paeonia lactifloa, PL; Paeonia suffruticosa, PS …

Glutaminase - A Potential Target For Cancer Treatment, Josephine Anthony, Sureka Varalakshmi, Ashok Kumar Sekar, Nalini Devarajan, Balamurugan Janakiraman, Rajendran Peramaiyan

BioMedicine

The overexpression of glutaminase is reported to influence cancer growth and metastasis through glutaminolysis. Upregulation of glutamine catabolism is recently recognized as a critical feature of cancer, and cancer cells are observed to reprogram glutamine metabolism to maintain its survival and proliferation. Special focus is given on the glutaminase isoform, GLS1 (kidney type glutaminase), as the other isoform GLS2 (Liver type glutaminase) acts as a tumour suppressor in some conditions. Glutaminolysis linked with autophagy, which is mediated via mTORC1, also serves as a promising target for cancer therapy. Glutamine also plays a vital role in maintaining redox homeostasis. Inhibition of …

Unveiling The Power Of Flavonoids: A Dynamic Exploration Of Their Impact On Cancer Through Matrix Metalloproteinases Regulation, Peramaiyan Rajendran

BioMedicine

Cancer is a prominent contributor to mortality rates globally, with its progression and spread being the primary factors underlying this assertion. Despite advancements in cancer therapy, the existing therapeutic strategies are rendered useless as a result of their toxicity and the development of chemoresistance. Hence, it is imperative to assess alternate therapy modalities, and natural compounds present a promising prospect due to their demonstrated anticancer capabilities in several research models. This article provides an overview of the regulatory mechanisms involved in the expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) and explores the potential therapeutic function of flavonoids as agents with anticancer activity that …

Phytochemical Composition Of Clinacanthus Nutans Based On Factors Of Environment, Genetics And Postharvest Processes: A Review, Nurul Hamizah Sabindo, Rusidah Mat Yatim, Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj

BioMedicine

Herpes simplex, varicella-zoster lesions, skin rashes, diabetes, snake bites and insect bites have all been treated by using Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans). The pharmacological effects of C. nutans are influenced by the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic acids, saponins, glycosides, steroids and tannins. This review focused on the phytochemical makeup, which varies geographically and is a subject of scarcely existing knowledge. C. nutans served as the primary search term, while the keywords “phytochemicals”, “chemical component” and “phytochemistry” were used to search the literature in the Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The articles pertinent to the …

Dissecting The Potential Mechanisms Of Histone Deacetylase 1 Dependent Macrophage Phagocytosis Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Owusu A. Christian

Biotechnology Theses

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) mediate the removal of acetyl groups from the histones of chromatin and regulate the expression of the genes involved in cancer development and immune cell functions. Our previous study showed that HDAC2 enhances IL-1β production by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infected macrophages by promoting inflammasome activation. HDAC1, on the other hand, regulates macrophage phagocytosis of Mtb. However, the mechanisms by which HDAC1 controls macrophage phagocytosis remain unclear.

Using human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and Mtb strains, we explore the mechanism of HDAC1 in macrophage phagocytosis of Mtb. Our results showed that blocking HDAC1, either chemically or genetically, …

Intouch Week Of May 27, 2024, New York Medical College

InTouch

• NYMC Honors the Class of 2024 at 165^th Commencement Ceremonies
• NYMC Research Well Represented at Touro Research Day
• NYMC Student Recognized with Prestigious U.S. Public Health Award
• Palliative Medicine Education Provides Essential Knowledge
• Student Spotlight: Vasiliki Gregory Lead Authors Study on Extending Heart Transplantation Procurement Time

Human Neutralizing Antibodies Target A Conserved Lateral Patch On H7n9 Hemagglutinin Head, Manxue Jia, Hanjun Zhao, Nicholas C Morano, Hong Lu, Yin-Ming Lui, Haijuan Du, Jordan E Becker, Kwok-Yung Yuen, David D Ho, Peter D Kwong, Lawrence Shapiro, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Xueling Wu

Journal Articles

Avian influenza A virus H7N9 causes severe human infections with >30% fatality. Currently, there is no H7N9-specific prevention or treatment for humans. Here, from a 2013 H7N9 convalescent case in Hong Kong, we isolate four hemagglutinin (HA)-reactive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), with three directed to the globular head domain (HA1) and one to the stalk domain (HA2). Two clonally related HA1-directed mAbs, H7.HK1 and H7.HK2, potently neutralize H7N9 and protect female mice from lethal H7N9/AH1 challenge. Cryo-EM structures reveal that H7.HK1 and H7.HK2 bind to a β14-centered surface and disrupt the 220-loop that makes hydrophobic contacts with sialic acid on an …

Pain Management In Perforated Appendicitis: Transitioning To A Minimal Narcotic Strategy, Seth Saylors, Meredith Elman, Pablo Aguayo, Rebecca M. Rentea, Richard J. Hendrickson, David Juang, Charles L. Snyder, Jason D. Fraser, Tolulope A. Oyetunji Md Mph, Shawn D. St Peter, Nelimar Cruz-Centeno, Charles Marchese

Research Days

Introduction: Patient controlled analgesia (PCA) was previously standard for postoperative pain control in children with perforated appendicitis at our institution. We previously reported the equivocal outcome of intravenous (IV) acetaminophen as a pain control adjunct used to transition from PCA to oral narcotics. We have since transitioned to a PCA-free, multi-modal pain control regimen postoperatively in perforated appendicitis. Through observational study, we aim to describe the impact of our new pain control regimen on postoperative narcotic use.

Methods: Children– June 2020 at a single freestanding children’s hospital were reviewed. Details of their hospitalization, including demographic, operative, anesthesia, pain management, and …

A Model Of Oocyte Population Dynamics For Fish Oogenesis, Louis Fostier, Frédérique Clément, Romain Yvinec, Violette Thermes

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Application Of Lymphedema Education Toolkit For Nurse Coordinators, Julian K. Miranda

Master's Projects and Capstones

Problem: There is approximately one in five breast cancer survivors affected by breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL), a potentially debilitating condition affecting the physical, emotional, social, and financial well-being of individuals. Context: This Quality Improvement (QI) project was conducted at an outpatient facility of Hospital X’s Women’s Cancer Center. Within this microsystem, there are 24 permanent clinical nurse coordinators and advanced practice providers, with 15 nurse coordinators dedicated to care for patients with breast cancer or gynecological conditions. Intervention: The intervention aims to evaluate if a standardized educational tool improves early interventions for patients with lymphedema and knowledge among healthcare providers …

Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy Measures Of Cerebral Blood Flow During Graded Hypoxia In Neonatal Piglets, Danielle Shoshany, Shadi Malaeb, Randolph Sinahon, Mert Deniz Polat, Meltem Izzetoglu, Patricia A. Shewokis, Kurtulus Izzetoglu

St. Chris Research Day

No abstract provided.

Variation In Systemic Corticosteroid Prescribing During Asthma-Related Hospitalizations Across Children's Hospitals, Sian Best, Kathryn Kyler, Matt Hall, Jessica L. Bettenhausen, Shelby Chesbro, Nicholas Clark, Adrienne Deporre, Jonathan Ermer, Leah Jones, Jessica Markham, Maria Newmaster, Laura Plencner, Henry T. Puls, Smit Shah, Bridgette Jones, Megan Collins, Elisha Mccoy

Research Days

This abstract describes the variability and trends in inpatient systemic corticosteroid prescribing practices for acute asthma exacerbations in children's hospitals, and aims to determine associations between the prescribed steroid and hospitalization outcomes.

Frailty In Children And Adolescents With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Or Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Receiving Maintenance Chemotherapy – A Pilot Study, Thomas R. Cochran, Joy M. Fulbright, Samantha Butrous, Brian R. Lee, Keith J. August, David A. White

Research Days

The submitted study aims to identify children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoblastic lymphoma that meet frailty criteria early to allow for prevention of chronic health conditions that lead to increased mortality as survivors age into adulthood. Prevention and/or reversal of frailty has the potential to improve quality of life, decrease burden of disease, and extend the lifespan of the growing population of childhood cancer survivors. Given that frailty has been accepted as a tool to identify elderly and chronically sick adults highly vulnerable to adverse health outcomes, better understanding of the relevance and applicability of frailty in pediatrics may …

Measurement Of And Contributors To Developmental Coordination Impairment, Jeffrey D. Konrad

WUSM Theses and Dissertations – All Programs

Movement drives childhood development. As motor skills improve across development, a child becomes capable of greater interactions with their physical and social environment. Children with motor impairments miss out on these interaction opportunities and their development across a variety of domains can suffer. There is accumulating evidence that poor motor competence relates to an array of developmental outcomes such as educational achievement, reading skills, social development, and emotional regulation. Two developmentally important motor impairments are poor motor competence and hyperactivity which are associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), and/or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Critical to …

Intouch Week Of May 13, 2024, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Department of Surgery Hosts 20^th Annual Louis R.M. Del Guercio Distinguished Visiting Professorship and Research Day
• School of Medicine Class of 2026 Embarks on Clinical Years
• Andre Limnander, Ph.D., Presents at the Neighborhood Science Seminar Series
• Student Spotlight- SOM Student Commencement Speaker Embarks on OB/GYN Residency