Engineering Commons^™

Behavior Classification Using Multi-Site Lfp And Ecog Signals, Adam O. Hebb, Hosein M. Golshan, Sara J. Hanrahan, Joshua Nedrud, Mohammad H. Mahoor

Electrical and Computer Engineering: Graduate Student Scholarship

Abstract-Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy that alleviates the motor signs of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Existing DBS is open loop, providing a time invariant stimulation pulse train that may generate cognitive, speech, and balance side effects. A closed-loop DBS system that utilizes appropriate physiological control variables may improve therapeutic results, reduce stimulation side effects, and extend battery life of pulse generators. Furthermore, by customizing DBS to a patient’s behavioral goal, side effects of stimulation may arise only when they are non-detrimental to the patient’s current goals. Therefore, classification of human behavior using physiological signals is an …

Recording Of High Efficiency Volume Bragg Gratings In A Photopolymer Using Diffraction From Very Weak Pre-Recorded Gratings, Denis Bade

Articles

No abstract provided.

Bridge End Settlement Evaluation And Prediction, Jiwen Zhang, Timothy R. Taylor, Roy E. Sturgill

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A bridge approach is usually built to provide a smooth and safe transition for vehicles from the roadway pavement to the bridge structure. However, differential settlement between the roadway pavement that rests on embankment fill and the bridge abutment built on more rigid foundation often creates a bump in the roadway. Previous work examined this issue at a microscopic level and presented new methods for eliminating or minimizing the effects at specific locations.

This research studies the problem at a macroscopic level by determining methods to predict settlement severity; this assists designers in developing remediation plans during project development to …

Performance Of Continuous Concrete Slabs Reinforced With Hybrid Steel-Basalt Bars, Mohammad Sohayeb Akiel

Theses

Continuous steel-reinforced concrete structures are vulnerable to corrosion

Damage when exposed to harsh environment. Although replacing conventional steel entirely with basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars can eliminate corrosion problems, the lower modulus of elasticity of BFRP would reduce serviceability of the structure. The use of hybrid steel-BFRP bars rather than BFRP bars only has a potential to improve the serviceability of continuous concrete

Structures without reducing the deformation capacity. Through experimental testing and numerical simulation, this work aims to examine the structural behavior of two-span concrete specimens internally reinforced with BFRP or hybrid steel-BFRP bars.

A total of 12 two-span …

An Islanding Detection Method For Micro-Grids With Grid-Connected And Islanded Capability, Hasna Mubarak Saleh Ai Seiari

Theses

With the increasing prevalence of renewable energy and distributed generation (DG) in distribution systems, micro-grids are becoming more popular and an attractive option for enhancing system operation and reliability. This can be attributed to the micro-grid ability to operate in both connected and disconnected modes. Equally important, micro-grids are the best solution to meet the increasing demand of electric power in a cost effective manner due to the close proximity to the load demand and thus minimizing system losses. Islanding detection methods have been proposed for inverter based distributed generation with only grid-connected capability. Micro-grids are composed of DGs that …

Behavior Of Double-Sided Concrete Corbels Reinforced With Glass-Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars, Ayman Farid Abu Obaida

Theses

Steel reinforced concrete members with small shear span-to-effective depth ratios (a/d), such as corbels; have many classical applications, mostly in tall building, precast structures, factory buildings, bridges, and foundations. Despite extended research works on the performance of such members, little information is available on the performance of these members when reinforced totally with internal fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars. The use of FRP bars in reinforcing concrete members would eliminate corrosion problems thus increasing the service life of the structure. This thesis aims at investigating the shear strength of double-sided concrete corbels reinforced with glass-fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. The …

Characterising The Loading Direction Sensitivity Of 3d Woven Composites: Effect Of Z-Binder Architecture, Mohamed Nasr Saleh, Arief Yudhanto, Prasad Potluri, Gilles Lubineau, Constantinos Soutis

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Three different architectures of 3D carbon fiber woven composites (orthogonal, ORT; layer-to-layer, LTL; angle interlock, AI) were tested in quasi-static uniaxial tension. Mechanical tests (tensile in on-axis of warp and weft directions as well as 45° off-axis) were carried out with the aim to study the loading direction sensitivity of these 3D woven composites. The z-binder architecture (the through-thickness reinforcement) has an effect on void content, directional fiber volume fraction, mechanical properties (on-axis and off-axis), failure mechanisms, energy absorption and fiber rotation angle in off-axis tested specimens. Out of all the examined architectures, 3D orthogonal woven composites (ORT) demonstrated a …

Water-Soluble Glass Substrate As A Platform For Biodegradable Solid-State Devices, Shihab Md Adnan, Kwangman Lee, Mohammad Tayeb Ahmad Ghasr, Matthew O'Keefe, D. E. Day, Chang-Soo Kim

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A biodegradable glass material is utilized as a novel functional element of solid-state devices. A water-soluble borate glass substrate serves as the structural platform on which thin film device is built. The glass substrate completely dissolves in a saline solution in approximately 40 h. Intentional failure of the spiral device (RLC resonator circuit) as a result of rapid structural disintegration by dissolution is demonstrated in DC, AC, and RF ranges that agrees well with simulation. Adopting water-soluble glass elements is expected to be a viable approach to develop reliable all-inorganic biodegradable devices that are fully functional during an intended operational …

Method For Fabricating Biocompatible Porous Titanium, B. Sonny Bal, Tieshu Huang, M. N. Rahaman

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A method for fabricating porous metal constructs (such as porous Ti constructs) which may be used as implants in bone repair is disclosed. The method employs a new saltbath sintering process coupled with conventional powder metallurgy technology which is capable of fabricating porous metal constructs with controlled porosity and pore size having a lower production cost than conventional powder metallurgy methods.

Design, Fabrication And Characterization Of Low­ Power Gas Sensors Based On Organic-Inorganic Nano-Composition, Ayah Faeik Salim Abu Hani

Theses

Lower power consumption and higher performance are compelling demands in the electronic systems motivating the search for new materials, which are capable of fulfilling these demands. Recently, nanomaterial-based sensor technology has drawn considerable attention towards the development of sensing applications such as H2S gas sensors. Development of H2S gas sensors is crucial due to its extreme toxicity and damaging effects on both health and environment. This thesis aims to develop H2S gas sensors with enhanced sensitivity, flexibility, lower operating temperature, and high selectivity.

The proposed sensors present a contribution to the field of nano-electronics. They are designed based on the …

Characteristics Of Gan Thin Films Using Magnetron Sputtering System, Hasina Huq, Rocio Y. Garza, Roman Garcia-Perez

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The paper presents a polycrystalline GaN thin film with a hexagonal wurtzite structure under the optimized sputtering conditions of 40 W RF power, 5 mT working pressure, using pure nitrogen gas with a substrate temperature of 700°C. The study examines the effects of surface disorders and incorporates it in the thin films characteristics. A radio frequency (RF) Ultra High Vacuum (UHV) Magnetron Sputtering System has been used for the deposition of Gallium Nitride (GaN) on silicon, sapphire and glass substrates with different parameters. The power is varied from 40 W to 50 W, and the pressure from 4 mT to …

Effect Of Surgical Fusion On Volitional Weight-Shifting In Individuals With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, Nikhil T. Kurapati, Joseph Krzak, Adam Graf, Sahar Hassani, Sergey Tarima, Peter F. Sturm, Kim W. Hammerberg, Purnendu Gupta, Gerald F. Harris

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Study Design

Prospective.

Objectives

The goals of this study were to (1) evaluate the differences in weightbearing symmetry between individuals with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and typically developing controls; (2) observe the effect of posterior spinal fusion and instrumentation (PSFI) on volitional weight-shifting at 1 and 2 years postoperatively; and (3) evaluate whether lowest instrumented fusion level (ie, lowest instrumented vertebra [LIV]) in PSFI has an effect on volitional weight-shifting.

Summary of Background Data

Previous studies have conflicting findings with regard to the effect of scoliosis on postural control tasks as well as the effect of surgery. They have also …

Designing Minimal Effective Normative Systems With The Help Of Lightweight Formal Methods, Jianye Hao, Eunsuk Kang, Jun Sun, Daniel Jackson

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Normative systems are an important approach to achieving effective coordination among (often an arbitrary number of) agents in multiagent systems. A normative system should be effective in ensuring the satisfaction of a desirable system property, and minimal (i.e., not containing norms that unnecessarily over-constrain the behaviors of agents). Designing or even automatically synthesizing minimal effective normative systems is highly non-trivial. Previous attempts on synthesizing such systems through simulations often fail to generate normative systems which are both minimal and effective. In this work, we propose a framework that facilitates designing of minimal effective normative systems using lightweight formal methods. Given …

Summarization Of Egocentric Videos: A Comprehensive Survey, Ana Garcia Del Molino, Cheston Tan, Joo-Hwee Lim, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The introduction of wearable video cameras (e.g., GoPro) in the consumer market has promoted video life-logging, motivating users to generate large amounts of video data. This increasing flow of first-person video has led to a growing need for automatic video summarization adapted to the characteristics and applications of egocentric video. With this paper, we provide the first comprehensive survey of the techniques used specifically to summarize egocentric videos. We present a framework for first-person view summarization and compare the segmentation methods and selection algorithms used by the related work in the literature. Next, we describe the existing egocentric video datasets …

A Robust Speaker Identification Algorithm Based On Atomic Decomposition And Sparse Redundant Dictionary Learning, Thomas James Bryan Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

Speaker identification is performed in high additive white Gaussian noise environments by processing sounds as images in the time-frequency plane. The technique creates audio streams that remove background noise from speech while preserving speech quality. Atomic decomposition is implemented by the matching pursuit algorithm using Gabor or gammatone atomic dictionaries. Gabor atoms were originally proposed as fundamental building blocks of speech; whereas, gammatone atoms closely resemble the human cochlear impulse response. Atomic decomposition creates a sparsely populated time-frequency vector referred to as weight space. The populated positions in weight space have amplitude weights that are proportional to localized energy in …

Analysis Of The Fm Radio Spectrum For Secondary Licensing Of Low-Power Short-Range Cognitive Internet-Of-Things Devices Via Cognitive Radio, Derek Thomas Otermat

Theses and Dissertations

The number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is predicated to reach 200 billion by the year 2020. This rapid growth is introducing a new class of low-power short-range wireless devices that require the use of radio spectrum for the exchange of information. To offset this extraneous demand for radio spectrum, the low-power short-range IoT devices need to utilize vacant spectrum through the use of Cognitive Radio (CR). The analysis presented in this dissertation indicates that the FM radio spectrum is underutilized in areas of the continental United States that have a population of 100,000 or less. These locations have …

Safety Assurance Of Non-Deterministic Flight Controllers In Aircraft Applications, Alfonso Noriega

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Loss of control is a serious problem in aviation that primarily affects General Aviation. Technological advancements can help mitigate the problem, but the FAA certification process makes certain solutions economically unfeasible. This investigation presents the design of a generic adaptive autopilot that could potentially lead to a single certification for use in several makes and models of aircraft. The autopilot consists of a conventional controller connected in series with a robust direct adaptive model reference controller. In this architecture, the conventional controller is tuned once to provide outer-loop guidance and navigation to a reference model. The adaptive controller makes unknown …

Automotive-Inspired Inceptors And Control Laws Designed For Simplified Piloted Flight, Kashif Ali

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

This thesis details the development of a simulator-based experiment in automotive- inspired controls for aircraft. The goal is to fuse the ease of drivability of a car with the flight of an aircraft. A standard automotive control hardware setup coupled with fly-by-wire control laws will allow non-pilots to fly a plane using their familiarity with driving a car. A mathematical description of the control law logic and controller implementation is presented and the human subjects' performance is measured from data collected during experimental testing of the simulator. Preliminary results indicate that non-pilots improve their path-tracking performance and reduce control activity …

Study Of Surface Tension, Natural Evaporation, And Subcooled Boiling Evaporation Of Aqueous Surfactant Solutions, Matthew John Lehman

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The relation between surface tension and surfactant concentration and its effect on solution evaporation under natural convection and subcooled pool boiling is examined through experimental methods. Aqueous solutions of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), ECOSURFTM EH-14, and ECOSURFTM SA-9 are used in this study. SLS is an anionic surfactant while EH-14 and SA-9 are environmentally-friendly nonionic surfactants.

Surfactants, surface active agents, are known to affect evaporation performance of solutions and are studied in relation to water loss prevention and heat dissipation. Surfactants could be useful under drought conditions which present challenges to water management on a yearly basis in arid areas …

Operator Splitting For Quasi-Linear Abstract Hyperbolic Equation, N. Dikhaminjia, J. Rogava, Mikheil Tsiklauri

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We consider an abstract hyperbolic equation with a Lipschitz continuous operator, where the main operator is self-adjoint and positive definite and represents a sum of two similar operators. For this equation, we construct a decomposition scheme of high order of accuracy. This scheme is based on rational splitting of cosine-operator function.

Thin Film Concrete Coatings, Bobby W. Meade, Danny Wells, Theodore Hopwood Ii, Sudhir Palle

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

KTC researchers obtained eight types of concrete coatings to assess their performance and resistance to chloride penetration. Researchers evaluated eight of the systems in the field and seven in the laboratory. In the field, coatings were applied to a bridge pier that had suffered degradation and chloride contamination. This site will undergo long term monitoring in order to thoroughly evaluate the coating systems. Adhesion of all products in both field and laboratory application was sufficient to provide a durable coating, and ranged from approximately 500 psi to 1,600 psi. Researchers also tested color and gloss changes, which are early indicators …

Shape Analysis Of Traffic Flow Curves Using A Hybrid Computational Analysis, Wasim Irshad Kayani, Shikhar P. Acharya, Ivan G. Guardiola, Donald C. Wunsch, B. Schumacher, Isaac Wagner-Muns

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper highlights and validates the use of shape analysis using Mathematical Morphology tools as a means to develop meaningful clustering of historical data. Furthermore, through clustering more appropriate grouping can be accomplished that can result in the better parameterization or estimation of models. This results in more effective prediction model development. Hence, in an effort to highlight this within the research herein, a Back-Propagation Neural Network is used to validate the classification achieved through the employment of MM tools. Specifically, the Granulometric Size Distribution (GSD) is used to achieve clustering of daily traffic flow patterns based solely on their …

Application Of Neural Network In Shop Floor Quality Control In A Make To Order Business, Rajkamal Kesharwani, Cihan H. Dagli, Zeyi Sun

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A make to order business has to produce the products that are customized to the customer's current need. The customization can be realized by assembling different standard parts with various 'configurations'. The oil field service industry is a typical example where most products produced are cylindrical assemblies made up of standard parts customized in their size, material specifications, coating specifications, and threading suited for the particular load rating and environment. As business cycles go up and down, hiring and firing of personnel is the routine of the day. Thus, it is very hard to keep experienced inspectors due to high …

Application Of An Artificial Neural Network To Predict Graduation Success At The United States Military Academy, Gene Lesinski, Steven Corns, Cihan H. Dagli

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a neural network approach to classify student graduation status based upon selected academic, demographic, and other indicators. A multi-layer feedforward network with backpropagation learning is used as the model framework. The model is trained, tested, and validated using 5100 student samples with data compiled from admissions records and institutional research databases. Nine input variables consist of categorical and numeric data elements including: high school rank, high school quality, standardized test scores, high school faculty assessments, extra-curricular activity score, parent's education status, and time since high school graduation. These inputs and the multi-layer neural network model are used …

Combining Max-Min And Max-Max Approaches For Robust Sos Architecting, Hadi Farhangi, Dincer Konur, Cihan H. Dagli

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A System of Systems (SoS) architecting problem requires creating a selection of systems in order to provide a set of capabilities. SoS architecting finds many applications in military/defense projects. In this paper, we study a multi-objective SoS architecting problem, where the cost of the architecture is minimized while its performance is maximized. The cost of the architecture is the summation of the costs of the systems to be included in the SoS. Similarly, the performance of the architecture is defined as the sum of the performance of the capabilities, where the performance of a capability is the sum of the …

Engineering Cyber Physical Systems: Applying Theory To Practice Preface, Cihan H. Dagli

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Entity Resolution Using Convolutional Neural Network, Ram Deepak Gottapu, Cihan H. Dagli, Bharami Ali

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Entity resolution is an important application in field of data cleaning. Standard approaches like deterministic methods and probabilistic methods are generally used for this purpose. Many new approaches using single layer perceptron, crowdsourcing etc. are developed to improve the efficiency and also to reduce the time of entity resolution. The approaches used for this purpose also depend on the type of dataset, labeled or unlabeled. This paper presents a new method for labeled data which uses single layered convolutional neural network to perform entity resolution. It also describes how crowdsourcing can be used with the output of the convolutional neural …

Evaluating Forecasting Methods By Considering Different Accuracy Measures, Nijat Mehdiyev, David Lee Enke, Peter Fettke, Peter Loos

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Choosing the appropriate forecasting technique to employ is a challenging issue and requires a comprehensive analysis of empirical results. Recent research findings reveal that the performance evaluation of forecasting models depends on the accuracy measures adopted. Some methods indicate superior performance when error based metrics are used, while others perform better when precision values are adopted as accuracy measures. As scholars tend to use a smaller subset of accuracy metrics to assess the performance of forecasting models, there is a need for a concept of multiple accuracy dimensions to assure the robustness of evaluation. Therefore, the main purpose of this …

Genetic Algorithm Optimization Of Sos Meta-Architecture Attributes For Fuzzy Rule Based Assessments, Andrew Renault, Cihan H. Dagli

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The analysis of an acknowledged systems of systems (SoS) meta-architecture requires a preliminary method for potential trade space exploration to ensure compliance to evolving capability requirements. It is important to assess the SoS meta-architecture concept to ensure that it satisfies all stakeholder needs and requirements in the early stages of development. There are numerous linguistic terms called key performance attributes (KPAs) that could be used to assess the different aspects of the architectures capabilities, however, too many KPAs could complicate the assessment. The initial population of suitable KPAs is reduced through non-derivative based optimization employed by a genetic algorithm (GA) …

Multiobjective System Of Systems Architecting With Performance Improvement Funds, Hadi Farhangi, Dincer Konur, Cihan H. Dagli

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A System of Systems architecting problem aims to determine a selection of systems, which are capable of providing a set of desired capabilities. A SoS architect usually has multiple objectives in generating efficient architectures such as minimization of the total cost and maximization the overall performance of the SoS. This study formulates a biobjective SoS architecting problem with these two objectives. Here, we consider that, by allocating funds to the systems, the SoS architect can improve the performance of the capabilities the systems can provide. The resulting architecting problem is a biobjective mixed-integer linear programming model. Specifically, the system selection …