Engineering Commons^™

Bloom Pattern Data, Zhongyuan Wang, Robert J. Lang, Larry L. Howell

ScholarsArchive Data

This data is the supplementary material of the paper "Bloom Patterns: Radially Expansive, Developable, and Flat-Foldable Origami" by Zhongyuan (Kelvin) Wang , Robert J. Lang, and Larry L. Howell.

We present bloom patterns as a family of radially expansive, flat-foldable, and developable origami patterns, many of which are rotationally symmetric. Bloom patterns are defined with a generalized definition and a standardized definition. A classification scheme for bloom patterns is identified, and several types of bloom patterns are analysed. The distinct helical nature that characterizes bloom patterns is described, and a set of compatibility conditions is derived to help determine if …

Investigation Of Stability And Control Shortcomings Of The North American X-15, William Lorenzo, Ramana Grandhi, Timothy T. Takahashi

Faculty Publications

There is growing interest in the design of maneuvering high-speed aircraft to fly within or at the edge of the atmosphere. We identify and develop novel quasi-static vehicle screening methodologies, suitable for use during preliminary design, to better predict an incipient loss of control due to the dynamic effects of feedback. We validate these metrics by reverse-engineering Neil Armstrong’s 1962 loss of control and inadvertent atmospheric skip while piloting the X-15. In 1962, then-extant flight dynamics screening methods did not forecast likely troubles. We assemble and refine a collection of predictive metrics which operate upon basic quasi-static aerodynamic data and …

Secure Your Hardware With Randomization And Redundancy, Dennis Cao, Joseph Khamisy, Sumeet Upadhya

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

Differential Fault Analysis (DFA) is a potent hardware attack that threatens cryptographic security by injecting faults into a cipher implementation to reveal secret keys. This project aims to mitigate DFA attacks on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) by implementing targeted countermeasures in an embedded AES-128 encryption core. Two key techniques are explored: Randomization and Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR). The randomization approach introduces unpredictability into the encryption process, which involves inserting dummy rounds, artificial noise, and random delays, to disrupt an attacker’s timing and analysis, while TMR provides redundancy by replicating critical rounds of computation and using majority voting to correct …

Revit Walasee: An Auto-Generated In-Wall Revit Model, Ally Delgado, Andrew Kimball, Calianna Collins, Yi Qian Goh

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

The Revit WalaSee is a software-hardware integration tool designed to make building renovations smarter and more sustainable. In the construction industry, rework and demolition make up a large part of global construction waste and carbon emissions, largely due to the lack of internal wall documentation in older buildings. Our project addresses this issue by developing the pipeline between the Walabot wall scanner, a handheld device that detects hidden elements behind drywall, and Autodesk Revit, a widely used platform for Building Information Modeling (BIM).With the Revit WalaSee, someone without extensive technical training could scan any wall and produce accurate 3D modelling …

Control Strategies In Wind Energy Systems: A Comprehensive Overview, Abeer Awad, Mohamed Al Hasheem

Future Engineering Journal

This paper reviews different control methods used in wind energy systems to improve how they work and connect to the power grid. It covers simple control methods like Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers, as well as more advanced ones like Sliding Mode Control and intelligent controls such as fuzzy logic and neural networks. The strengths and weaknesses of each method are discussed, focusing on how well they handle changes in wind and load, keep power quality high, and stay stable. Challenges like system complexity and unpredictable wind are also explained. The paper ends by suggesting that future work should focus on combining …

A Hybrid Ai-Based Framework For Real-Time Epileptic Seizure Detection In Intracranial Eeg Signals Using Brain-Computer Interfaces, Ahmed, M. Salaheldin Dr., Manal Abdel Wahed Prof., Neven Saleh

Future Engineering Journal

Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder that can significantly impact an individual's quality of life. This study proposes a novel method for the detection and mitigation of epileptic seizures through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and a brain-computer interface (BCI) system. Statistical features were extracted from intracranial electroencephalography (IEEG) signals using a multi-resolution decomposition technique and used to train five classification algorithms: support vector machines (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), artificial neural networks (ANN), and long short-term memory (LSTM). The model demonstrated strong performance, achieving classification accuracies of 98.28% (SVM), 93.88% (KNN), 95.73% (NB), 95.73% (ANN), and …

Review Of Energy Storage Systems For Optimal Planning And Operation Of Microgrid Resources, Ibrahim M. Ibrahim Dr., Walid A. Omran Prof., Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz Prof.

Future Engineering Journal

Energy storage systems (ESSs) play a central role in microgrid (MG) research and are widely used in related studies. This is due to the many applications of ESSs that enhance the performance of MGs. These include power quality applications and energy management applications. This paper presents a literature review of various studies that address the use of ESSs in microgrid (MG) systems to perform functions aimed at enhancing overall performance. These studies are classified into two main categories: planning and operational planning, with the MG being either grid-connected or islanded in each case. Finally, the optimization techniques used to obtain …

Exploring Sustainable Practices In Educational Buildings During The Project Lifecycle In Egypt, Abdallah Awny, Youssef A. Awad, Hosam Hegazy, Ibrahim Mahdi

Future Engineering Journal

Sustainable construction approaches are essential for mitigating environmental concerns and enhancing energy efficiency in educational facilities. This research examines sustainability solutions in Egyptian educational institutions, concentrating on the design, building, and operating stages. The study combines quantitative and qualitative assessments from a survey of 66 industry experts, evaluating essential sustainability criteria like energy efficiency, water conservation, material sustainability, and operating expenses. Statistical methods, such as the Relative Importance Index (RII) and correlation analysis, were used to assess the relevance and interrelations among sustainability factors. The findings reveal that energy efficiency (RII: 0.82) and the promotion of health and well-being (RII: …

Centralized, Decentralized And Hybrid Wastewater Management Approaches – Gap Study, Zeyad Kadry, Ahmed M. Ebid Dr., Ibrahim Mahdi

Future Engineering Journal

This literature review highlights advancements in wastewater management, emphasizing hybrid systems that integrate centralized and decentralized approaches. It underscores the cost-effectiveness and scalability of decentralized wastewater management (DWWM) for small urban and rural areas, despite higher land and capital needs. Optimization frameworks utilizing advanced computational tools, such as genetic algorithms and GIS, have proven effective in reducing costs and enhancing resource recovery, with decision-support frameworks tailored for rural planning. The integration of synergistic technologies like vertical farming and photovoltaic energy enhances the sustainability and resilience of decentralized systems in urban contexts. Additionally, innovative treatment methods, including nano-disinfection and advanced coagulation, …

Leetquest, Sanvir Bal, Vladimir Ceban, Matty Herzig, Daryl Ho

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

The technical interview process for software engineering position has drastically changed in recent times to focus on Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA). Although, data structures and algorithms are a foundational aspect of several programming languages, the questions asked in the technical interview process do not accurately reflect, in terms of style and difficulty, the experience students and professionals have with DSA from school and work respectively. As a result, many have looked to online resources in order sharpen their DSA problem solving skills. However, the existing solutions are riddled with flaws. In particular, the learning resources they provide are locked …

Real-Time 3d Automated Spotlight Tracking System, Francine Garcia, Mary Hemker

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

Commercially available automated spotlight systems tend to be expensive and unattainable for smaller school or community theaters. This project provides a cheap alternative to automated spotlight systems on the market and is compatible with most stage lighting architecture by using the Digital Multiplex (DMX) Protocol.

Circuit boards with Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radio frequency track an actor’s coordinates in a 3D space defined by four UWB anchors. A Raspberry Pi single-board computer acts as a controller and converts the coordinates into pan and tilt angles and maps these calculations to values that the spotlight can read in order to move. These values …

On Closed-Form Preintegration For A Class Of Mixed-Invariant Systems In Seₙ(3), Li-Yu Lin, Kartik A. Pant, Benjamin Perseghetti, James Goppert

School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Faculty Publications

A large class of nonlinear systems in engineering and robotics evolves on geometric manifolds, such as fixed-wing aircraft, quadrotors, etc., whose kinematic motion can be described using Lie groups, in particular SEn(3) . The existing techniques involve numerical integration methods such as Runge-Kutta integration to propagate their motion forward in time. However, these methods are approximate solutions and do not respect the geometric constraints of the nonlinear differential equation, leading to higher computational costs and numerical integration errors. To this end, we propose a geometric closed-form approach to solve the initial value problem for a class of nonlinear systems that …

Eliminating Assay Background Of A Low-Cost, Colorimetric Glutamine Biosensor By Engineering An Alternative Formulation Of Cell-Free Protein Synthesis, Joseph P. Talley, Tyler J. Free, Tyler P. Green, Dallin M. Chipman, Bradley Charles Bundy

Faculty Publications

Glutamine is an essential biomolecule that plays a pivotal role in many diseases, such as cancer, where it can serve as fuel for rapid proliferation. Treatments for these diseases can be monitored and optimized through the detection of glutamine, though standard glutamine detection procedures are costly and require complex instrumentation. Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) has recently enabled a paper-based, colorimetric glutamine sensor that carries the potential to increase test accessibility while dramatically reducing consumer cost to enable at-home, rapid treatment monitoring. Test sensitivity remained limited by residual assay background, thus motivating this work where CFPS reactions traditionally formulated with glutamate …

Ascertion: Middleware For Content Moderation, Mia Lassiter, Vani Aggarwal

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

The Internet is dominated by a handful of social media platforms that disproportionately control content curation and moderation. As a result, it is increasingly difficult for users to discern verified and credible information from misinformation and disinformation. Middleware is a specialized software with mechanisms to decentralize platform power and reinstate users with autonomy over their online experiences. We propose middleware that gives users the autonomy to create and consume authentic and trusted content. We achieved a proof of concept for a middleware with mechanisms for verifiable content posting and authentication. Our solution is implemented as a Chrome plug-in that provides …

Highway-Transportation-Asset Criticality Estimation Leveraging Stakeholder Input Through An Analytical Hierarchy Process (Ahp), Kwadwo Amankwah, Sarah Hernandez, Suman Kumar Mitra

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Transportation agencies face increasing challenges in identifying and prioritizing which infrastructure assets are most critical to maintain and protect, particularly amid aging networks, limited budgets, and growing threats from climate change and extreme events. However, existing prioritization approaches often lack consistency and fail to adequately incorporate diverse stakeholder perspectives. This study develops a systematic, stakeholder-informed method for ranking transportation assets based on their criticality to the overall transportation system. As a novel approach, we use the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and present a case study of the applied approach. Six criteria were identified for ranking assets: annual average daily traffic …

Effect Of Fibonacci-Inspired Multi-Layer Aluminum Sheets Under Double-Nose Projectile Impact, Shaima Ali Alhosani

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

This research examines the ballistic performance of multi-layered Aluminum 2024 sheets designed with Fibonacci-inspired spacing patterns when subjected to double-nose projectile impacts. Through a numerical simulation, five configurations were studied: a monolithic reference plate (L0) with 0.82 mm thickness, and four multi-layer configurations (L1 to L4), all maintaining a constant total thickness of 1.74 mm. Three projectile types were considered Blunt-Conical (BC), Conical-Blunt (CB), and Blunt-Blunt (BB). Among these, the L1 configuration (two layers separated by a 0.1 mm gap) consistently offered the best ballistic resistance, outperforming more complex arrangements. As layer complexity increased from L1 to L4, overall performance …

Retraction Notice: Enhancing Project Tracking Through Microsoft Power Platform Automation: A Case-Based Study Using Power Bi

AUIQ Technical Engineering Science

Reason for Retraction:

The authors have disclosed that the article includes confidential and proprietary data, specifically within one of the figures (Figure 9), which was published without authorization from the data-owning organization. This constitutes a violation of publishing ethics as defined by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and necessitates formal retraction.

Derivation And Experimental Validation Of A Parameterized Nonlinear Froude–Krylov Force Model For Heaving-Point-Absorber Wave Energy Converters, Houssein Yassin, Tania Demonte Gonzalez, Gordon Parker, Giorgio Bacelli, Carlos Michelen

Michigan Tech Publications

Wave energy converters (WECs) have gained significant attention as a promising renewable energy source. Optimal control strategies, crucial for maximizing energy extraction, have traditionally relied on linear models based on small motion assumptions. However, recent studies indicate that these models do not adequately capture the complex dynamics of WECs, especially when large motions are introduced to enhance power absorption. The nonlinear Froude–Krylov (FK) forces, particularly in heaving-point-absorbers with varying cross-sectional areas, are acknowledged as key contributors to this discrepancy. While high-fidelity computational models are accurate, they are impractical for real-time control applications due to their complexity. This paper presents a …

Portuguese For Mozambican Mothers – A Language Empowerment App, Josh Kindarara, Alexandre Lopes, Gwendolyn Patwardhan, Riana Santos, Sara Wheeler

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

In Mecúfi, Mozambique, the mothers of children who attend school through the DIFF EDUCATION program have a strong desire to learn Portuguese, the country’s national language, due to colonization. However, they have minimal formal education and little to no experience with technology. They are unable to read or write in any language, including their native language, Makhuwa, making many current educational resources unusable. This leaves these mothers without accessible, culturally relevant tools to help address their linguistic needs.

This project focuses on developing an educational application designed for non-literate mothers in rural Mozambique. The app emphasizes visual and auditory learning …

A Ka-Band Omnidirectional Metamaterial-Inspired Antenna For Sensing Applications, Khan Md. Zobayer Hassan, Nantakan Wongkasem, Heinrich D. Foltz

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

A Ka-Band, 26.5–40 GHz, omnidirectional metamaterial-inspired antenna was designed, built, and tested to develop a simple printed compact (10.3 mm × 10.3 mm × 0.0787 mm) multiple-point sensor for air pollution monitoring. This Ka-band antenna generated a dual band at 27.49–29.74 GHz and 33.0–34.34 GHz. The VSWR values within the two bands are less than 1.5. The radiation and total efficiency are 97% and 92% in the first band and they are both 96% in the second band. The maximum gain is between 3.26 and 5.50 dBi and between 5.09 and 6.52 dBi in the first and second bands, respectively. …

Study Of Capital And Operation Costs For Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plants, Habiba Mahdy Mohamed

Theses and Dissertations

Desalination is a progressively common solution to supply freshwater in numerous parts of the globe where this resource falls short. Among all desalination techniques, seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) is the most globally prevalent technology. Evaluating a desalination technology's cost-effectiveness is essential to ensure a well-designed plant can be implemented successfully and within an acceptable budget. In the Egyptian context, where water scarcity heightens the urgency of effective resource allocation, economic indicators such as capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX) are pivotal in shaping policy and planning decisions. Adopting this integrated financial perspective ensures that desalination projects are not only …

From Context To Connection: Client Letters In Stem Integration Curricula, Christine Mcdonnell, Imani N. Adams, Morgan Hynes, Selcen Guzey, Mary K. Pillotte, Greg J. Strimel, Kristina M. Tank, Tamara J. Moore

School of Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Real-world contexts play a crucial role in engaging students and promoting disciplinary synergy in integrated STEM education. One underexplored pedagogical tool for supporting such integration is the “client letter”—a narrative device used to frame engineering design challenges around authentic, real-world problems. This study investigates the role of client letters in synergizing knowledge within immersive engineering design-based STEM integration curricula. We conducted a qualitative document analysis of 107 client letters embedded in 18 freely available K-12 STEM integration curricular units. Using a theoretical framework that aligns immersive education principles with the STEM Integration Framework, we analyzed how these letters support curricular …

Development Of Aldot's Worker Safety Assessment, Risk Identification, And Control Program, Lana Marji

All ETDs from UAB

This research examines the safety challenges faced by Transportation Maintenance Technicians (TMTs) at the Alabama Department of Transportation (ALDOT). By ana-lyzing extensive injury data from 2009 to 2024, along with insights from surveys and interactions with ALDOT personnel, this effort highlights significant trends and relation-ships among injury characteristics such as nature, cause, source, and affected body parts. The findings reveal considerable costs and productivity losses associated with common injury types that warrant the need for targeted interventions. By reviewing successful safety programs across various state Departments of Transportation (DOTs), the study identifies opportunities to enhance safety within ALDOT. This effort …

Computational And Experimental Study Of Slow Crack Growth In High Density Polyethylene, Abdulla Almomani

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

This dissertation investigates the slow crack growth (SCG) behavior of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) under various mechanical and environmental conditions. The study combines experimental analysis and computational modeling to enhance the understanding of SCG mechanisms in HDPE, particularly in pressurized pipes and under the exposure to hydrocarbons. A novel Crack Layer (CL) theory-based SCG model is developed and validated through experimental data, offering a predictive framework for HDPE failure assessment. The main objective of this dissertation is to quantify and model the viscoelastic-viscoplastic behavior of HDPE under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions while addressing SCG kinetics in structural applications. The study …

Boundary Value Problems Associated With Morse-Novikov Cohomology Groups Of Riemannian Manifolds With Boundary, Qusay S. A. Al-Zamil, Mohammed Y. Abass

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

In this paper, we provide an affirmative response to the following question: if Morse-Novikov cohomology groups of M with non-empty boundary ∂M do not vanish, then what topological or analytical(geometrical) constraints can be enforced to ensure that the equation 𝖽θω=η is solvable for any non-trivialprescribed [η] in absolute Hθk(M) or relative Hθk(M,∂M) Morse-Novikov cohomology groups?. Where 𝖽θω=𝖽ω+θ∧ω and 0≠[θ]∈HdR1(M) for any ω∈ …

Retracted: A Novel Scheme To Optimize Lsb Steganography Based On A Logistic Chaotic Map And Genetic Algorithm, Dena Abu Laila, Ibrahim Moh'd Obeidt, Mohammad Aljaidi, Mohammed Amin Almaiah, Muneer Albourini, Qais Al-Na'amneh, Ghassan Samara, Rami Shehab, Khaled Momani

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Steganography has gained importance in various fields, including cloud security, internet banking, military applications, and medical imaging. Additionally, it is popular due to its many uses, becoming a hot research topic. The Least Significant Bit (LSB) approach is among the simplest ways to embed secret data in a cover image. We proposed a new scheme using LSB with the genetic algorithm GA to find the optimal solution permutation for embedding the pixel assortment of the image where data is to be concealed, and a chaotic genetic algorithm (CGA) to efficiently find the best crossover and mutation performance in the chromosomes. …

Hybrid Methods Of Two Conjugate Gradient Coefficients With Modified Condition For Solving Unconstrained Optimization, Yasir Salih, Sudradjat

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

The conjugate gradient (CG) technique is an efficient method for solving nonlinear optimization problems, especially for large scale problems. This is due to simplicity, low memory requirement, and computational cost, which satisfy the sufficient descent condition. This paper presents a new modification of the PRP method which can be considered as a convex combination of PRP and DPRP methods. The performance of the new method is analyzed to ensure the descent property under exact line search. Numerical experiments indicate that this method has good convergence performance and is promising.

Wesearch - Scu’S Research Hub, Beatrice Hackman, Hilary Le, Meagan Vu, Nicholas Cheung

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

Santa Clara University (SCU) hosts a flourishing undergraduate research program, but discovering research opportunities remains inefficient due to inconsistent information channels. Students rely on informal communication and disconnected departmental web pages to find research roles. In response, our senior design team developedWeSearch: a centralized, web-based platform that consolidates research opportunities across all SCU laboratories. It allows students to browse labs, projects, and apply directly to open positions. Faculty members can create lab profiles, post research openings, manage applications, and assign administrative roles to student assistants.

The platform was designed using Figma and implemented with React.js on the front-end. Firebase was …

Economic And Environmental Impact Of Recovering And Upgrading Lignin Via The Alpha Process On An Ethanol Biorefinery, Daniel G. Kulas, Robert Handler, Graham Tindall, Bronson Lynn, Mark Thies, David Shonnard

Michigan Tech Publications

Lignin valorization is limited by both impurities and broad molecular weight (MW) distributions. The Aqueous Lignin Purification using Hot Agents (ALPHA) process exploits the novel liquid–liquid equilibrium that exists between lignin and hot, one-phase solutions of aqueous renewable solvents to simultaneously purify and fractionate raw bulk lignins. Our analysis considered the valorization of lignin recovered from two ethanol biorefinery waste streams, black liquor and lignin cake. By applying sequential ALPHA stages, distinct lignin fractions of controlled MW and purity were isolated suitable for producing carbon fibers, polyurethane foams (PUF), and activated carbons (ACs). Surprisingly, only a single extraction stage was …

Atp8b1 Regulates Pip2 Localization And Cleavage Of Pyroptotic Executioner Gasdermin D, Nilam Bhandari, Ashutosh Prince, Mariam R. Khan, Alicia Traughbera, Kalash Neupane, Shuhui W. Lorkowski, Gregory Brubaker, Elif G. Ertugral, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli

Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Mutations in ATP8B1 cause progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, with symptoms including pruritus, pancreatitis, fat malabsorption, intestinal inflammation, and failure to thrive. High-throughput studies showed interconnection between ATP8B1 and phosphoinositide (PIPs), but the mechanism linking ATP8B1, lipid metabolism, and inflammation remains unclear. Atp8b1G308V/G308V mouse model, unbiased RNAseq, high-resolution-stimulation emission depltion (STED)-microscopy, and Crispr-Cas9 generated ATP8B1-/- knockouts in hepatocytes/monocytes/macrophages were used to determine role of ATP8B1 in phosphatidylinositol,4-5-bisphosphate (PIP2) trafficking and inflammation. Human ATP8B1, purified from Sf9 insect cells and reconstituted in proteoliposomes, was used to test cell-free PIP2 flip. Various in-vitro techniques were used for testing direct interaction between PIP2 and …