Engineering Commons^™

Session 1b (Agriculture And Water), Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Feathered or Four-Legged: Working Together to Manage Manure in Kentucky, Amanda Gumbert and others, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky
• There’s a Purple Cow in My MS4, Steve Higgins, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky
• Field Scale Characterization of Soil Hydraulic Conductivity and its Implication for Irrigation Management, Xi Zhang and Ole Wendroth, Dept. Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky

Session 1a (Soils And Geology), Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Potential Mechanism Contributing to the Development of Cover Collapse in Kentucky, James Currens, Kentucky Geological Survey
• Preliminary Assessment of the Geothermal Potential of the Alluvial Aquifer Beneath Louisville, Kentucky Created by Rising Groundwater Levels and Temperatures, Mike and K.G. Unthank, USGS Indiana- Kentucky Water Science Center
• Influence of Land Use on Soil Bulk Density, Infiltration, and NRCS Runoff Curve Number, Samuel Austen and others, Dept. of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Kentucky

Session 2a (Climate Change/Data Platform), Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Assessing Climate Change and Impacts on Future Water Availability and Droughts in the Kentucky River Basin, Som Chattopadhyay and Dwayne Edwards, Dept. of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Kentucky
• Variance Decomposition of Maxima Extreme Streamflow Forecasted with Global Climate Models, Nabil Al Aamery and Jimmy Fox, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky
• Aquavit: A HUBzero-Based Collaboration Portal for the AFI and SENSE Projects, Jack Smith and Justin Chapman, Marshall University

Poster Session 1, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

1. Sensing and Educating the Nexus to Sustain Ecosystems (SENSE): A Kentucky-West Virginia Partnership, Susan Hendricks and others, Hancock Biological Station, Murray State University
2. Using OpenNSPECT to Model Riparian Buffer Effectiveness for Mitigating Sediment Accumulation in Small Order Agricultural Streams, Lee Moser, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky
3. The Benefits of Staying Local – the Kentucky Section of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, Carmen Agouridis and Michael Sama, Dept. of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Kentucky
4. Overview of Groundwater Sampling Conducted in an Unconventional Oil and Gas Play Area of eastern …

Plenary Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Assessing Public Drinking Water Systems in Kentucky, Caroline Chan and Russell Neal, Kentucky Division of Water
• Bankfull Regional Curves and Hydraulic Geometry Curves for the Eastern Kentucky Coalfields, Ashlan Berry and Carmen Agrouridis, Dept. Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Kentucky
• Quasi-Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model Development for Two-Phase Flow Applied to Geyser Phenomena in Urban Storm Sewers, Richard Shook and others, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky
• Curve Numbers for Urban Watersheds: A Problem and an Interim Solution, Robert Peterson and Lindell Ormsbee, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky

Proceedings Of 2017 Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

This symposium was planned and conducted as a part of the state water resources research institute annual program that is supported by Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number G16AP00055 from the United States Geological Survey. The contents of this proceedings document and the views and conclusions presented at the symposium are solely the responsibility of the individual authors and presenters and do not necessarily represent the official views of the USGS or of the symposium organizers and sponsors. This publication is produced with the understanding that the United States Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for government purposes. Mention of trade …

Strategies For Value Creation Through Sustainable Manufacturing, Fazleena Badurdeen, Ibrahim S. Jawahir

Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing Faculty Publications

Making the business case and establishing strategic directions for sustainable manufacturing requires a collaborative effort. Strategic capabilities that can help create sustainable value for all stakeholders must be identified. Technologies and methodologies to provide these capabilities for implementation must then be developed, through public-private partnerships. This paper presents major business imperatives and strategic capabilities necessary to enable value creation through sustainable manufacturing identified based on extensive engagement with business leaders and industry professionals as well as academic experts and government agency representatives. The paper also presents a future vision for sustainable products, processes and systems that can be derived from …

Sustainable Manufacturing Performance Evaluation: Integrating Product And Process Metrics For Systems Level Assessment, Aihua Huang, Fazleena Badurdeen

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper builds on the previously developed product sustainability index (ProdSI) and process sustainability index (ProcSI), and presents a framework for sustainable manufacturing performance evaluation at the systems level. The framework is then used to propose a comprehensive set of metrics for the enterprise level following a five-stage metrics hierarchy (individual metrics, sub-clusters, clusters, sub-index and index). The 6R concept (reduce, reuse, recycle, recover, redesign and remanufacture), total life-cycle emphasis, and triple bottom line (TBL) are considered for selecting relevant metrics. Finally, the metrics are integrated to develop an index for enterprise level sustainability assessment and …

Performance Assessment Of Natural Pozzolan Roller Compacted Concrete Pavements, Seyedali Ghahari, A Mohammadi, A A. Ramezanianpour

Lyles School of Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

Concrete pavement is cost effective and beneficial because of its sustainability and durability. The maintenance and renovation periods for such pavement compared to other pavements are relatively long; however, a significant issue with pavements, especially roller compacted concrete pavements (RCCP), is salt scaling which occurs due to saline solutions such as deicer salts. In the present work, the performance of RCC containing a natural pozzolan called Trass, as a supple- mentary cementitious material, and an air-entraining agent for salt scaling was investigated. Mechanical and durability tests were performed on specimens containing a water to binder ratio of 0.32, with and …

Hall Effect Thruster Characterization Through Potential, Magnetic, And Optical Measurements, Nicholas L. Hyatt

Theses and Dissertations

Electric propulsion is a promising method for providing ΔV to spacecraft on orbit. In general, much higher I_SPS are obtained compared to their chemical counterparts. Hall thrusters are a subset of electric propulsion with moderately high specific impulse and thrust when compared to other forms of electric propulsion. Even though Hall thrusters have an extensive flight legacy around the world, there are still many unknowns associated with their operation. Experimental research was conducted in AFIT’s Space Propulsion Application Simulation System (SPASS) laboratory, to measure Hall current, plasma potential and visible emission from the 600W Hall thruster in a …

Simulation Of Hemiparetic Function Using A Knee Orthosis With Variable Impedance And A Proprioception Interference Apparatus, Christina-Anne Kathleen Lahiff

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Individuals with stroke have neuromuscular weakness or paralysis on one side of the body caused by some muscles disengaging and overexciting other muscles. Hyperextension of the knee joint and complete lack of plantar flexion of the ankle joint are common symptoms of stroke. This thesis encompasses the simulation of hemiparetic function using both a knee orthosis with variable impedance, specifically in terms of stiffness and damping, and the Proprioception Interference Apparatus.

The section regarding the knee orthosis with variable impedance focuses on the creation and implementation of a small, lightweight, and adjustable orthotic device to be positioned around the knee …

Electrochemical Methods To Characterize Drilled Shaft Deficiencies, Sarah Jo Mobley

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In recent years drilled shafts have become the preferred foundation method for marine bridges. Typically, the drilled shaft is selected over traditional driven piles due to soil strata encountered, construction economy, increased lateral stiffness requirements, and/or vibration control considerations. The most critical component in drilled shaft construction is borehole stabilization. Wall sloughing or groundwater inclusion can have devastating effects on the strength of the finished shaft however recent research has shown that the materials, more specifically the slurry, used to accomplish stabilization may be having a negative impact on the durability of the finished product. This thesis investigates the durability …

Structural Evolution Of Tungsten Surface Exposed To Sequential Low-Energy Helium Ion Irradiation And Transient Heat Loading, G Sinclair, J K. Tripathi, P K. Diwakar, M Wirtz, J Linke, A Hassanein

School of Nuclear Engineering Faculty Publications

Structural damage due to high flux particle irradiation can result in significant changes to the thermal strength of the plasma facing component surface (PFC) during off-normal events in a tokamak. Low-energy He+ ion irradiation of tungsten (W), which is currently the leading candidate material for future PFCs, can result in the development of a fiber form nanostructure, known as “fuzz”. In the current study, mirror-finished W foils were exposed to 100 eV He+ ion irradiation at a fluence of 2.6 × 1024 ions m−2 and a temperature of 1200 K. Then, samples were exposed to two different types of …

A Fast And Efficient Python Library For Interfacing With The Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank, Andrey Smelter, Morgan Astra, Hunter N. B. Moseley

Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Background: The Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank (BMRB) is a public repository of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data of biological macromolecules. It is an important resource for many researchers using NMR to study structural, biophysical, and biochemical properties of biological macromolecules. It is primarily maintained and accessed in a flat file ASCII format known as NMR-STAR. While the format is human readable, the size of most BMRB entries makes computer readability and explicit representation a practical requirement for almost any rigorous systematic analysis.

Results:To aid in the use of this public resource, we have developed a package called …

Analysis Of An Upper Bound On The Effects Of Large Scale Attenuation On Uplink Transmission Performance For Massive Mimo Systems, Liu Liu, David W. Matolak, Cheng Tao, Yongzhi Li

Faculty Publications

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a potential candidate key technology for the 5G of wireless communication systems. In research to date, different power loss and shadowing effects on different antenna elements across the large arrays have been neglected. In this paper, based on an idealized propagation model, a new large scale attenuation (LSA) model is proposed, by which the large scale losses (path loss and shadowing effect) over the antenna array can be considered when establishing a massive MIMO channel model. By using this model, the spectral efficiency (in terms of bits/s/Hz sum-rate) of the maximum ratio combining (MRC) detector …

Design Of A Metadata Framework For The Environmental Models With An Example Hydrologic Application In Hydroshare, Mohamed M. Morsy, Jonathan L. Goodall, Anthony M. Castronova, Pabitra Dash, Venkatesh Merwade, Jeffrey M. Sadler, Mohammad Adnan Rajib, Jeffery S. Horsburgh, David G. Tarboton

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Environmental modelers rely on a variety of computational models to make predictions, test hypotheses, and address specific problems related to environmental science and natural resource management. Scientists and engineers must devote significant effort to preparing these computational models. While significant attention has been devoted to sharing and reusing environmental data, less attention has been devoted to sharing and reusing environmental models. A first step toward increasing environmental model sharing and reuse is to define a general metadata framework for models that is flexible and, therefore, applicable across the wide variety of models used by environmental modelers. This paper proposes a …

Polysaccharide Fabrication Platforms And Biocompatibility Assessment As Candidate Wound Dressing Materials, Donald C. Aduba Jr., Hu Yang

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Wound dressings are critical for wound care because they provide a physical barrier between the injury site and outside environment, preventing further damage or infection. Wound dressings also manage and even encourage the wound healing process for proper recovery. Polysaccharide biopolymers are slowly becoming popular as modern wound dressings materials because they are naturally derived, highly abundant, inexpensive, absorbent, non-toxic and non-immunogenic. Polysaccharide biopolymers have also been processed into biomimetic platforms that offer a bioactive component in wound dressings that aid the healing process. This review primarily focuses on the fabrication and biocompatibility assessment of polysaccharide materials. Specifically, fabrication platforms …

Opportunities To Mainstream Gender In Water And Wastewater Infrastructure Projects: A Case Study In Barbados, Wainella Isaacs

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

According to the World Resources Institute, Barbados is one of seven Caribbean countries ranked as being the most water stressed territories in the world. Prevailing drought conditions for the period 2010-2016 further compromised its water security while confirming predictions of a drier regional Caribbean climate. The simultaneous failing of at least 50-year-old water infrastructure at many points in the distribution network adds to these water stress conditions, and presents a financial burden to the local water utility in the form of lost revenues, and increased energy consumption for pumping.

Climate change and its impacts are not gender-neutral, and water infrastructure …

Ultrasonic Techniques For Air Void Size Distribution And Property Evaluation In Both Early-Age And Hardened Concrete Samples, Shuaicheng Guo, Qingli Dai, Xiao Sun, Ye Sun, Zhen Liu

Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Engineering Publications

Entrained air voids can improve the freeze-thaw durability of concrete, and also affect its mechanical and transport properties. Therefore, it is important to measure the air void structure and understand its influence on concrete performance for quality control. This paper aims to measure air void structure evolution at both early-age and hardened stages with the ultrasonic technique, and evaluates its influence on concrete properties. Three samples with different air entrainment agent content were specially prepared. The air void structure was determined with optimized inverse analysis by achieving the minimum error between experimental and theoretical attenuation. The early-age sample measurement showed …

Purdue Ect Report - Fourth Quarter 2016, Purdue Ect Team

ECT Fact Sheets Archive

Fourth Quarter 2016

This is a quarterly report from the Purdue ECT.

Charge-Steering Cmos Amplifier Design And Testing Final Report, Nathan Whitehead, Shiuhua Wood Chiang

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The goal of this research was to demonstrate that the complementary and 4-stage amplifiers can achieve superior gain or speed over the 2-stage charge-steering amplifier in [1], and the conventional differential amplifier introduced in the ORCA grant proposal. The completion of this project has involved schematic design, layout, test bench setup, amplifier measurements, and characterization.

An Improved Electron Pre-Sheath Model For Tss-1r Current Enhancement Computations, Chunpei Cai

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

This report presents improvements of investigations on the Tethered Satellite System (TSS)-1R electron current enhancement due to magnetic limited collections. New analytical expressions are obtained for the potential and temperature changes across the pre-sheath. The mathematical treatments in this work are more rigorous than one past approach. More experimental measurements collected in the ionosphere during the TSS-1R mission are adopted for validations. The relations developed in this work offer two bounding curves for these data points quite successfully; the average of these two curves is close to the curve-fitting results for the measurements; and an average of 2.95 times larger …

Two-Phase Flow Pressure Drop In Superhydrophobic Channels, Kimberly A. Stevens, Julie Crockett, Daniel R. Maynes, Brian D. Iverson

Faculty Publications

Superhydrophobic surfaces have been shown to reduce drag in single-phase channel flow; however, little work has been done to characterize their drag-reducing ability found in two-phase flows. Adiabatic, airwater mixtures were used to explore the influence of hydrophobicity on two-phase flows and the hydrodynamics which might be present in flow condensation environments. Pressure drop measurements in a rectangular channel with one superhydrophobic wall (cross-section approximately 0.37 x 10 mm) and three transparent hydrophilic walls were obtained. Data for air/water mixtures with superficial Reynolds numbers ranging from 22–215 and 55–220, respectively, were obtained for superhydrophobic surfaces with three different cavity fractions. …

Using Gaussian Mixture Model And Partial Least Squares Regression Classifiers For Robust Speaker Verification With Various Enhancement Methods, Joshua Scott Edwards

Theses and Dissertations

In the presence of environmental noise, speaker verification systems inevitably see a decrease in performance. This thesis proposes the use of two parallel classifiers with several enhancement methods in order to improve the performance of the speaker verification system when noisy speech signals are used for authentication. Both classifiers are shown to receive statistically significant performance gains when signal-to-noise ratio estimation, affine transforms, and score-level fusion of features are all applied. These enhancement methods are validated in a large range of test conditions, from perfectly clean speech all the way down to speech where the noise is equally as loud …

Stress And Thermal Characterization Of 4h-Sic Microelectromechanical Structures, Colton Wells, Jheng Yi Jiang, Ting Fu Chang, Chih Fang Huang, Jiaxin Ke, Weijun Luo, Guangrui Xia, Kuan Yew Cheong, Feng Zhao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this letter, the potential of single crystalline 4H-polytype silicon carbide (4H-SiC) based microelectromechanical structures as resistance thermometer for high temperature sensing were explored. A dopant-selective photoelectrochemical etching process was applied to release the sensing element – suspended microstructures on 4H-SiC substrate. Residual stress and stress gradient in the microstructure before and after release was examined by micro-Raman spectroscopy. Electrical resistance of the suspended microstructures at different temperatures were characterized and analyzed by a temperature-dependent electron mobility model.

Liquid-Gas Surface Tension Voltage Dependence During Electrowetting On Dielectric Of 5-90 Nm Gold Nanofluids, Saeid Vafaei, Karthik Chinnathambi, Theodorian Borca-Tasciuc

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article investigates the effective liquid-gas surface tension changes of water and 5-90nm gold nanofluids measured during electrowetting on dielectric experiments. The Young-Laplace equation for sessile droplets in air was solved to fit the experimental droplet shape and determine the effective liquid-gas surface tension at each applied voltage. A good agreement between experimental droplet shapes and the predictions was observed for all the liquids investigated in applied range of 0-30V. The measured liquid-gas effective surface tensions of water and gold nanofluid decreased with voltage. At a given voltage, the effective liquid-gas surface tension of gold nanofluids initially decreased as the …

Hyun Kwon, Hyun J. Kwon

Spring 2017

Today I had the wonderful opportunity to discover more of the story of one of our faculty, Hyun Kwon, chair of the Department of Engineering & Computer Science. The conversation left me inspired, reminding me yet again of the amazing faculty who work at Andrews University.

Hyun was born as a second child among three siblings in South Korea. Her father was a police office, her mom a full-time mom. She was a high achiever academically and after attending an elite science track high school, she continued to the prestigious Korean Advanced Institute of Technology (KAIST) with a full governmental …

Supporting Therapy-Centered Game Design For Brain Injury Rehabilitation, Jinghui Cheng

College of Computing and Digital Media Dissertations

Brain injuries (BI) are a major public health issue. Many therapists who work with patients who have had a BI include games to ameliorate boredom associated with repetitive rehabilitation. However, designing effective, appropriate, and engaging games for BI therapy is challenging. The challenge is especially manifested when considering how to consolidate the different mindsets and motivations among key stakeholders; i.e., game designers and therapists. In this dissertation, I investigated the ideation, creation, and evaluation of game design patterns and a design tool, GaPBIT (Game Design Patterns for BI Therapy) that leveraged patterns to support ideation of …

A Comparison Of Malfunction-Related Accidents For General Aviation Aircraft Manufactured In 1970–1984 And 2000–2014, Douglas Boyd, Jochen Hinkelbein

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

The United States general aviation fleet is aging with aircraft manufactured 35–39 years ago representing the most prevalent group. Since older aircraft are more prone to airframe corrosion, fatigue, and brittle electrical wiring, the present study was undertaken to determine whether malfunction-related accidents for general aviation aircraft manufactured between 1970 and 1984 were elevated relative to airplanes produced more recently (2000–2014).

The NTSB aviation accident database was used to identify piston-powered airplane accidents occurring over the 2005–2014 period. Aircraft manufacture year and fleet activity data were from the FAA. Statistical analyses employed contingency tables and Poisson distributions.

The proportion of …

Modeling And Computation Of The Maximum Braking Energy Speed For Transport Category Airplanes, Nihad E. Daidzic

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

Transport-category or FAR/CS 25 certified airplanes may occasionally become braking energy capacity limited. Such limitation may exist when heavy airplanes are departing airports at high-density altitudes, on relatively long runways, and/or possibly with some tailwind component. A maximum braking energy VMBE speed exists which may limit the maximum allowable takeoff decision/action speed V1. The ever-existing possibility of high-speed rejected takeoff in such conditions may also limit the airplane gross weight for declared available distances. To gain deeper insights and acquire better understanding of the topic, a theoretical model of the maximum braking energy and the related VMBE speed for T-category …