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Articles 81541 - 81570 of 196716

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

A Novel Approach For Cancer Characterization Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation And Disease-Specific Genomic Analysis, Hima Bindu Yalamanchili Jan 2018

A Novel Approach For Cancer Characterization Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation And Disease-Specific Genomic Analysis, Hima Bindu Yalamanchili

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Two challenging problems in the clinical study of cancer are the characterization of cancer subtypes and the classification of individual patients according to those subtypes. Further, understanding the role of differential gene expression in the development of and molecular response to cancer is a complex problem that remains challenging, in part due to the sheer number of genes and gene products involved. Traditional statistical approaches addressing these problems are hindered by within-class heterogeneity and challenges inherent in data integration across high-dimensional data. In addition, many current machine learning methods do not lend themselves to biological interpretation. We have developed a …

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Development And Thermal Management Of A Dynamically Efficient, Transient High Energy Pulse System Model, Nathaniel J. Butt Jan 2018

Development And Thermal Management Of A Dynamically Efficient, Transient High Energy Pulse System Model, Nathaniel J. Butt

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As technology advances, the abilities of civilian and military vehicles, both air and ground, will undoubtedly increase as well. One of the main areas of improvement is in the electronics area. The new electronics are ever smaller, use ever higher amounts of electrical power, and require ever smaller temperature tolerances. This leads to the problem of effectively managing the increasing thermal loads and temperature tolerances on these systems. One electronic system that causes concern is a high energy pulse system (HEPS). These devices have very high thermal loads (100s of kW). On an air vehicle, where thermal management by legacy …

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Measuring Goal Similarity Using Concept, Context And Task Features, Vahid Eyorokon Jan 2018

Measuring Goal Similarity Using Concept, Context And Task Features, Vahid Eyorokon

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Goals can be described as the user's desired state of the agent and the world and are satisfied when the agent and the world are altered in such a way that the present state matches the desired state. For physical agents, they must act in the world to alter it in a series of individual atomic actions. Traditionally, agents use planning to create a chain of actions each of which altering the current world state and yielding a new one until the final action yields the desired goal state. Once this goal state has been achieved, the goal is said …

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Image Stitching And Matching Tool In The Automated Iterative Reverse Engineer (Aire) Integrated Circuit Analysis Suite, David C. Bowman Jan 2018

Image Stitching And Matching Tool In The Automated Iterative Reverse Engineer (Aire) Integrated Circuit Analysis Suite, David C. Bowman

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Due to current market forces, leading-edge semiconductor fabrication plants have moved outside of the US. While this is not a problem at first glance, when it comes to security-sensitive applications, over-production, device cloning, or design alteration becomes a possibility. Since these vulnerabilities exist during the fabrication phase, a Reverse Engineering (RE) step must be introduced to help ensure secure device operation. This thesis proposes several unique methods and a collection of tools to ensure trust assurance in integrated circuit design by detecting fabrication flaws and possible hardware Trojans using several image processing techniques; fused into a singular view of the …

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A Robust Low Power Static Random Access Memory Cell Design, A. V. Rama Raju Pusapati Jan 2018

A Robust Low Power Static Random Access Memory Cell Design, A. V. Rama Raju Pusapati

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Stability of a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) cell is an important factor when considering an SRAM cell for any application. The Static Noise Margin (SNM) of a cell, which determines the stability, varies under different operating conditions. Based on the performance of three existing SRAM cell designs, 6T, 8T and 10T, a 10 Transistor SRAM cell is proposed which has good stability and has the advantage of reduced read power when compared to 6T and 8T SRAM cells. The proposed 10T SRAM cell has a single-ended read circuit which improves SNM over the 6T cell. The proposed 10T cell …

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Defect Engineering: Novel Strengthening Mechanism For Low- Dimensional Zinc Oxide Nanostructures, Seyed Emad Rezaei Jan 2018

Defect Engineering: Novel Strengthening Mechanism For Low- Dimensional Zinc Oxide Nanostructures, Seyed Emad Rezaei

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The advent of nanomaterials has opened a new avenue for designing and fabricating materials with unique properties, e.g., superior mechanical properties. Based on a common notion, the perfect structures are assumed to exhibit better mechanical properties, such as higher yield strength and Young's modulus. Therefore, researchers have devoted an extensive amount of time to decrease defect concentration by fabricating materials with the micro/nanoscale, e.g., nanowires (NWs) and nanobelts (NBs), to enhance the mechanical characteristics of the system. However, defects are a part of the fabrication process and precise control over synthesizing procedure is needed to eliminate them from the material. …

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Impact Of Near-Field-To-Far-Field Transformation On Sar Images Formed In An Indoor Non-Anechoic Environment, Jacob D. Compaleo Jan 2018

Impact Of Near-Field-To-Far-Field Transformation On Sar Images Formed In An Indoor Non-Anechoic Environment, Jacob D. Compaleo

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This work investigates the impact of the near-field-to-far-field transformation (NFFFT) algorithm on phase history measurement collections completed in the Sensors and Signals Exploitation Laboratory (SSEL). SSEL is an indoor non-anechoic environ- ment that is at risk to some measurement interferences such as multiple bounces. Complete 360-degree phase history measurements of scale model aircraft are con- ducted at varying range values within the near-field limit. These measurements are calibrated with the Mie series scattering solution for a sphere. After calibration, the measurements are transformed using the NFFFT, with radar cross-section (RCS) estimated. RCS of the transformed data is compared with the …

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M1 To M2 Macrophage Induction Using Retinoic Acid And Mesenchymal Stem Cells Loaded On An Electrospun Pullulan/Gelatin Scaffold To Promote Healing Of Chronic Wounds, Kaivon Assani Jan 2018

M1 To M2 Macrophage Induction Using Retinoic Acid And Mesenchymal Stem Cells Loaded On An Electrospun Pullulan/Gelatin Scaffold To Promote Healing Of Chronic Wounds, Kaivon Assani

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Modulation of macrophage polarization is required for effective tissue repair and regenerative therapies. Conversion of macrophages from inflammatory M1 to fibrotic M2 phenotype could help in diseases such as chronic wound which are stuck in inflammatory state. During the inflammatory phase, macrophages are of the inflammatory phenotype (M1) and distribute pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-a and IL1[beta] which are microbicidal and recruit/activate cells. In normal wound healing macrophages then switch to a fibrotic phenotype (M2) promoting wound closure by angiogenesis, and matrix deposition. Chronic wounds are a major biological and financial burden to both patients and the health care system, costing …

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Effect Of Dimensionality On In Vitro Growth Environment And Mesenchymal Stem Cell Function, Fatema Tuj Zohora Jan 2018

Effect Of Dimensionality On In Vitro Growth Environment And Mesenchymal Stem Cell Function, Fatema Tuj Zohora

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The use of the standard two dimensional (2D) cell culture has laid down the fundamentals of molecular and cell biology. However, recent advances in cell-based regenerative medicine raises the concern on deconstructing cellular behaviors in more physiologically relevant three dimensional (3D) microenvironments. Differences in cell response in 2D versus 3D systems arise from the perturbations in gene expression patterns that stem from how cells sense their underlying 2D or surrounding 3D matrices and adjust their phenotypes accordingly. Thus, cells are no longer considered as a solitary entity of genome but a context arises from a combinatorial interactions of cell-ECM, cell-cell, …

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Functionalization And Characterization Of Chemical Vapor Deposited Graphene Sheets Towards Application In Chemical Vapor Sensing, Nicholas Alexander Engel Jan 2018

Functionalization And Characterization Of Chemical Vapor Deposited Graphene Sheets Towards Application In Chemical Vapor Sensing, Nicholas Alexander Engel

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Chemical/biological sensors serve many purposes in protecting machinery, the environment, and human life/wellness. Graphene, a two-dimensional (2-D) material made up of carbon atoms in a honeycomb-like lattice, is promising for applications to chemical/biological sensing due to its unique properties. Functionalization of graphene by surface decorating with nanoparticles and increasing interior adsorption sites can tailor its catalytic activity and electrical properties, and hence, important for detecting and distinguishing trace hazardous gases. This research introduces two different approaches to functionalize graphene towards enhanced sensitivity and selectivity of graphene-based sensors. The morphologies, structures, and electrical properties of the functionalized graphene are systematically characterized. …

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The Feasibility Of Dementia Caregiver Task Performance Measurement Using Smart Gaming Technology, Garrett G. Goodman Jan 2018

The Feasibility Of Dementia Caregiver Task Performance Measurement Using Smart Gaming Technology, Garrett G. Goodman

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Dementia caregiver burnout is detrimental to both the familial caregiver and their loved ones with dementia. As the population of older adults increases, both the number of individuals with dementia and their corresponding caregivers increase as well. Thus, we are interested in developing a potential tool to non-invasively detect signs of caregiver burnout using a mobile application combined with machine learning. Hence, the mobile application "Caregiver Assessment using Smart Technology" (CAST) was developed which personalizes a word scramble game. The CAST application utilizes a heuristically constructed Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) optimized via a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to provide an individualized …

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Identification Of Nonlinear Constitutive Properties Of Damping Coatings, Mackenzie E. Tidball Jan 2018

Identification Of Nonlinear Constitutive Properties Of Damping Coatings, Mackenzie E. Tidball

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Scheduled and unscheduled maintenance actions are a significant cost for gas turbines. Advanced life prediction capabilities help to mitigate these costs. However, the protective thermal and damping coatings applied to the turbine rotors which can help significantly extend component life simultaneously increase the difficulty of modeling the behavior of the components due to the nonlinearity they introduce.This research approaches modeling and analysis of nonlinear coatings for turbine blades and blisks using a nonlinear constitutive law model for the coating. The theoretical frequency response of the nonlinear system is solved for using the harmonic balance method. The coefficients of the nonlinear …

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Wetting Properties Of Structured Interfaces Composed Of Surface-Attached Spherical Nanoparticles, Bishal Bhattarai Jan 2018

Wetting Properties Of Structured Interfaces Composed Of Surface-Attached Spherical Nanoparticles, Bishal Bhattarai

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In this thesis, the effects of the external pressure and surface energy on stability and wetting transition at nanotextured interfaces are studied using molecular dynamics and continuum simulations. The surface roughness of the composite interface is modeled via an array of spherical nanoparticles with controlled wettability. It was found that in the absence of external pressure, the liquid interface is flat and its location relative to the solid substrate is determined by the radius of the particle and the local contact angle. With increasing pressure on the liquid film, its interface becomes more curved and the three-phase contact line is …

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Resonant Gate-Drive Circuits For High-Frequency Power Converters, Hur Jedi Jan 2018

Resonant Gate-Drive Circuits For High-Frequency Power Converters, Hur Jedi

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The development trend of power converters motivates the pursuit with high density, high efficiency, and low cost. Increasing the frequency can improve the power density and lead to small passive elements and a fast dynamic response. Each one of these power converters must be driven by a gate-drive circuit to operate efficiently. Conventional gate-drivers are used up to frequencies of about 5 MHz and suffer from switching losses. Therefore, the development of switch-mode power supplies (SMPS) operating at high frequencies requires high-speed gate drivers. The presented research in this dissertation focuses on analysis, design, and development of new types of …

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Thz Sources Based On Er-Doped Gaas Driven At Telecom-Fiber Wavelengths, Andrea Mingardi Jan 2018

Thz Sources Based On Er-Doped Gaas Driven At Telecom-Fiber Wavelengths, Andrea Mingardi

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This dissertation entails the investigation of ultrafast photoconductive (PC) THz sources driven by fiber and semiconductor lasers around λ= 1550-nm to utilize commercial fiber-optic telecom technology. The preferred approach is to use GaAs with a high concentration of erbium, which has performed well when driven with laser sources at both 800 nm wavelength, through intrinsic photoconductivity, and 1550 nm, through extrinsic photoconductivity. Studies in the early 1990s showed that the Er doping level has a solubility limit of ~ 7 × 1017 cm−3 at 580 °C, above which erbium is incorporated into GaAs as ErAs nanoparticles which promote resonant absorption …

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Fabrication And Characterizations Of Lithium Aluminum Titanate Phosphate Solid Electrolytes For Li-Based Batteries, Anurag Yaddanapudi Jan 2018

Fabrication And Characterizations Of Lithium Aluminum Titanate Phosphate Solid Electrolytes For Li-Based Batteries, Anurag Yaddanapudi

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Demands for electric vehicles and flexible electronics have escalated research in developing high-performance lithium batteries based on solid-state chemistry. The present work is to develop highly-conductive and flexible solid electrolyte for such applications. Lithium aluminum titanate phosphate (LATP or Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3), both in ceramic pellets and free-standing composite membranes, have been fabricated. The crystal structure, surface morphology, and ionic conductivity are systematically studied. LATP pellets are prepared using solid state reaction approach. The results indicate that calcine temperature has significant impacts on the phase impurity and sintering temperature and duration have more impacts on the grain size and porosity of LATP …

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Development Of A Human-Ai Teaming Based Mobile Language Learning Solution For Dual Language Learners In Early And Special Educations, Saurabh Shukla Jan 2018

Development Of A Human-Ai Teaming Based Mobile Language Learning Solution For Dual Language Learners In Early And Special Educations, Saurabh Shukla

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Learning English as a secondary language is often an overwhelming challenge for dual language learners (DLLs), whose first language (L1) is not English, especially for children in early education (PreK-3 age group). These early DLLs need to devote a considerable amount of time learning to speak and read the language, in order to gain the language proficiency to function and compete in the classroom. Fear of embarrassment when mispronouncing words in front of others may drive them to remain silent; effectively hampering their participation in the class and overall curricular growth. The process of learning a new language can benefit …

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Layer-To-Layer Physical Characteristics And Compression Behavior Of 3d Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Metastructures Fabricated Using Different Process Parameters, Sivani Patibandla Jan 2018

Layer-To-Layer Physical Characteristics And Compression Behavior Of 3d Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Metastructures Fabricated Using Different Process Parameters, Sivani Patibandla

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing, a subset of additive manufacturing, is currently being explored heavily for actual part fabrication due to its ability to create complex objects with intricate internal features. There are several 3D printing technologies; however, the extrusion-based technology such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the widely used one owing to its low cost. The FDM method can be used to fabricate parts with different fill densities, fill patterns, and process parameters such as extruder temperature and print speed. In this research, influence of process parameters such as extruder temperature and speed on the physical characteristics such as the …

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Multiple Drone Detection And Acoustic Scene Classification With Deep Learning, Hari Charan Vemula Jan 2018

Multiple Drone Detection And Acoustic Scene Classification With Deep Learning, Hari Charan Vemula

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Classification of environmental scenes and detection of events in one's environment from audio signals enables one to create better-planning agents, intelligent navigation systems, pattern recognition systems, and audio surveillance systems. This thesis will explore the use of Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN'S) with spectrograms and raw audio waveforms as inputs to Deep Neural Networks with hand engineered features extracted from large-scale feature extraction schemes to identify the acoustic scenes and events. The first part focuses on building an audio pattern recognition system capable of detecting the if there are zero, one, or two DJI phantoms in the scene within the range of …

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A Framework To Understand Emoji Meaning: Similarity And Sense Disambiguation Of Emoji Using Emojinet, Sanjaya Wijeratne Jan 2018

A Framework To Understand Emoji Meaning: Similarity And Sense Disambiguation Of Emoji Using Emojinet, Sanjaya Wijeratne

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Pictographs, commonly referred to as `emoji’, have become a popular way to enhance electronic communications. They are an important component of the language used in social media. With their introduction in the late 1990’s, emoji have been widely used to enhance the sentiment, emotion, and sarcasm expressed in social media messages. They are equally popular across many social media sites including Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. In 2015, Instagram reported that nearly half of the photo comments posted on Instagram contain emoji, and in the same year, Twitter reported that the `face with tears of joy’ emoji has been tweeted 6.6 …

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Developing A Kinect Based Holoportation System, Soumya Chiday Jan 2018

Developing A Kinect Based Holoportation System, Soumya Chiday

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Holographic communication and distributed collaboration offer great potential for empathic computing to help remove the cost, distance, language and expertise barriers in many social and economic activities. Recent advances in AR-enhanced communication as evident by Microsoft Holoportation technology demonstrate the progress toward fully immersive collaborations distributed and remotely. Current holoportation system requires the use of extensive camera-arrays and powerful server system due to the computation demand and sensory needs to capture and reconstruct the subject of interests Thus, they suffer in mobility and applicability in real-world scenarios. In this thesis, we present an ultra-portable holoportation system design that requires only …

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Using Natural Language Processing And Machine Learning For Analyzing Clinical Notes In Sickle Cell Disease Patients, Shufa Khizra Jan 2018

Using Natural Language Processing And Machine Learning For Analyzing Clinical Notes In Sickle Cell Disease Patients, Shufa Khizra

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Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a hereditary disorder in red blood cells that can lead to excruciating pain episodes. SCD causes the normal red blood cells to distort its shape and turn into sickle shape. The distorted shape makes the hemoglobin inflexible and stick to the walls of the vessels thereby obstructing the free flow of blood and eventually making the tissues suffer from lack of oxygen. The lack of oxygen causes serious problems including Acute Chest Syndrome (ACS), stroke, infection, organ damage, and over the lifetime an SCD can harm a persons spleen, brain, kidneys, eyes, bones. Sickling of …

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Display And Analysis Of Tomographic Reconstructions Of Multiple Synthetic Aperture Ladar (Sal) Images, Bassirou Seck Jan 2018

Display And Analysis Of Tomographic Reconstructions Of Multiple Synthetic Aperture Ladar (Sal) Images, Bassirou Seck

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Synthetic aperture ladar (SAL) is similar to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in that it can create range/cross-range slant plane images of the illuminated scatters; however, SAL has wavelengths 10,000x smaller than SAR enabling a relatively narrow real aperture, diffraction limited beam widths. The relatively narrow real aperture resolutions allow for multiple slant planes to be created for a single target with reasonable range/aperture combinations. These multiple slant planes can be projected into a single slant plane projections (as in SAR). It can also be displayed as a 3-D image with asymmetric resolutions, diffraction limited in the dimension orthogonal to the …

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Exploring Feedback Modalities Using Wearable Device For Complex Systems Training Programs, Layla Akilan Jan 2018

Exploring Feedback Modalities Using Wearable Device For Complex Systems Training Programs, Layla Akilan

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This study examined the effectiveness of a wearable device in delivering various feedback modalities in an attempt to improve performance outcomes in complex systems. Secondarily this study looked at performance when feedback type was matched to preferred learning style according to VARK Learning Styles Inventory results. Participants were required to perform system monitoring and correct for system failures through key presses. Feedback was delivered through a smart watch and was based on response time performance. Feedback modalities included visual, auditory, and haptic feedback. Subjective ratings of situation awareness and mental workload were also examined. Results indicated that auditory feedback condition …

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Constitutive Modeling Of Creep In Leaded And Lead-Free Solder Alloys Using Constant Strain Rate Tensile Testing, Eric Thomas Stang Jan 2018

Constitutive Modeling Of Creep In Leaded And Lead-Free Solder Alloys Using Constant Strain Rate Tensile Testing, Eric Thomas Stang

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Environmental and safety concerns have necessitated a phase-out of lead-based alloys, which are often used in electronics solder applications. In order to properly assess suitable replacement materials, it is necessary to understand the deformation mechanisms relevant to the application. In the case of electronics solder, creep is an important mechanism that must be considered in the design of reliable devices and systems. In this study, Power-Law and Garofalo constitutive creep models were derived for two medium temperature solder alloys. The first alloy is known by the commercial name Indalloy 236 and is a quaternary alloy of lead, antimony, tin, and …

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Novel Auto-Calibrating Neural Motor Decoder For Robust Prosthetic Control, Andrew Earl Montgomery Jan 2018

Novel Auto-Calibrating Neural Motor Decoder For Robust Prosthetic Control, Andrew Earl Montgomery

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The overarching goal of this project is to develop novel neural motor decoders for prosthetic control. EMG decoders measure the activity from an intact but non-target muscle. Neural motor decoders transform the signal measured from the severed motor axons of the target muscle. A multi-scale, highly-realistic computer model of a spinal motor pool was developed (Allen & Elbasiouny, 2018) to serve as a computational platform for decoder development and testing. A firing rate-based algorithm was developed to transform the aggregate discharge of the motor pool into a command signal to control the simulated prosthetic MuJoCo hand. This algorithm was informed …

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True-Average Current-Mode Control Of Dc-Dc Power Converters: Analysis, Design, And Characterization, Dalvir K. Saini Jan 2018

True-Average Current-Mode Control Of Dc-Dc Power Converters: Analysis, Design, And Characterization, Dalvir K. Saini

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Energy efficient, wide-bandwidth, and well-regulated dc-dc power converters are in great demand in today's emerging technologies in areas such as medical, communication, aerospace, and automotive industries. In addition to design and selection of the converter components, a robust closed-loop modeling is very essential for reliable power-electronic systems. Two closed-loop control techniques for power converters exist: voltage-mode control and current-mode control. The principles of voltage-mode control have been explored in great depths by researchers over the last two decades. However, the dynamic modeling of current-mode controlled dc-dc power converters has many uncharted areas that needs careful attention. Two main methods exist …

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Testing Of Recursive And Non-Recursive Algorithms For Real-Time Phasor And Frequency Estimations In Power Systems, Dhruv Sharma Jan 2018

Testing Of Recursive And Non-Recursive Algorithms For Real-Time Phasor And Frequency Estimations In Power Systems, Dhruv Sharma

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Steady-state performance of various recursive and non-recursive algorithms are tested in this report according to the test signals given in the IEEE Standard C37.118.1-2011. Phase magnitude and phase angle of the power grid signals have been estimated using Discrete Fourier Transform (non-recursive), Discrete Fourier Transform (recursive), Least Square, and Wavelet Transform Algorithms. Frequency estimation is performed using Discrete Fourier Transform, Weighted Least Square, and Zero Crossing methods. These algorithms are evaluated in LabView software and tested by generating test signals in a Simulink model. Furthermore, Total Vector Error (TVE) is calculated using dynamic test signals as per the IEEE Standard …

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Design And Evaluation Of Auditory-Supported Air Gesture Controls In Vehicles, Jason Sterkenburg Jan 2018

Design And Evaluation Of Auditory-Supported Air Gesture Controls In Vehicles, Jason Sterkenburg

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The number of visual distraction-caused crashes highlights a need for non-visual information displays in vehicles. Auditory-supported air gesture controls could fill that need. This dissertation covers four experiments that aim to explore the design auditory-supported air gesture system and examine its real-world influence on driving performance. The first three experiments compared different prototype gesture control designs as participants used the systems in a driving simulator. The fourth experiment sought to answer more basic questions about how auditory displays influence performance in target acquisition tasks. Results from experiment 1 offered optimism for the potential of auditory-supported displays for navigating simple menus …

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Probabilistic Regional Landslide Hazard Assessment For The Enguri Dam (Jivari, Georgia), Maria Diletta Acciaro Jan 2018

Probabilistic Regional Landslide Hazard Assessment For The Enguri Dam (Jivari, Georgia), Maria Diletta Acciaro

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The Enguri Dam forms a reservoir in a seismically active area in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountain range near Jvari, Georgia. The slopes are steep, highly fractured, and weathered, which make them at risk to failure during or following extreme rainfall events. Hydroelectricity produced by the water retained by the 271-m dam provides almost half of the electricity for the country. The reservoir perimeter is more than 40 km and the surrounding slopes span an area of more than 30 km2. The size of the area and paucity of slope data have made slope-failure hazard assessment of the broader …

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