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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Robust Allocation Of Funds For Nonstructural Flood Risk Mitigation In Coastal Louisiana, Simón Gómez Sierra, David R. Johnson, Matthew P. Shisler, Zachariah T. Richardson Aug 2018

Robust Allocation Of Funds For Nonstructural Flood Risk Mitigation In Coastal Louisiana, Simón Gómez Sierra, David R. Johnson, Matthew P. Shisler, Zachariah T. Richardson

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Coastal Louisiana is a critical economic, ecological and cultural asset, acting as a major hub for waterborne commerce, fisheries, and the petrochemical industry, and also as one of the world’s unique wetlands. Unfortunately, this rich environment is in great danger from the threat of hurricanes and storm surge flooding. Direct economic losses are estimated to average $2.7 billion per year under current conditions, and this could increase to $12 billion a year, or more, within 50 years if nothing is done. To prevent this catastrophe, Louisiana has developed a Comprehensive Master Plan for a Sustainable Coast, which plans to spend …

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Computational Catalysis: Creating A User-Friendly Tool For Research And Education, Kevin P. Greenman, Peilin Liao Aug 2018

Computational Catalysis: Creating A User-Friendly Tool For Research And Education, Kevin P. Greenman, Peilin Liao

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Catalysis is used in a significant portion of production processes in the industrialized world, including most processing of chemicals and fuels. This makes maximizing the efficiency of catalysts a high priority. However, the immense number of candidates for new catalysts precludes the possibility of testing all of them by experiments. Density functional theory (DFT) has been widely and successfully used to calculate material properties relevant to catalysis and to screen promising candidates for experimental testing, but there currently exists no publicly- available, user-friendly tool for performing these DFT calculations. This work details the development of such a tool for nanoHUB.org …

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A High-Efficiency Low Power Rectifier For Wireless Power Transfer, Zachary Loy, Alden Fisher, Brian Vaughn, Dimitrios Peroulis Aug 2018

A High-Efficiency Low Power Rectifier For Wireless Power Transfer, Zachary Loy, Alden Fisher, Brian Vaughn, Dimitrios Peroulis

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

With the number of implantable devices that utilize electronics increasing, there is an increasing need to find alternative ways of powering them. Currently, surgery is required to replace a battery for these devices; however, with advancements in Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) methods, the need for further surgeries will become negated. This paper explores the ability of WPT as an alternative powering method by investigating rectifier Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE). The rectifier converts high frequency waves to Direct Current (DC) energy that can provide usable power to devices requiring electrical power. It is targeted for low power applications centered around a …

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Load Distribution Of Adjacent Prestressed Concrete Box Beam Bridges, Luis F. Urrego, Ryan T. Whelchel, Robert J. Frosch, Christopher S. Williams Aug 2018

Load Distribution Of Adjacent Prestressed Concrete Box Beam Bridges, Luis F. Urrego, Ryan T. Whelchel, Robert J. Frosch, Christopher S. Williams

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

One of the most common bridge types is the adjacent prestressed concrete box beam bridge because the system is economical and simple to build; over 43,000 are currently in service within the US. However, they are highly susceptible to strand corrosion and concrete deterioration which can result in early loss of load capacity. Therefore, an experimental program sponsored by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) was initiated to determine the behavior of deteriorated beams and develop recommendations for load rating and design of this bridge type. Displacement sensors were installed on a bridge in service to measure its deformation under …

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Neural Coding Of An Auditory Pitch Illusion, Maria Alejandra Barrera, Mark Sayles, Ravinderjit Singh Aug 2018

Neural Coding Of An Auditory Pitch Illusion, Maria Alejandra Barrera, Mark Sayles, Ravinderjit Singh

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Pitch is an important perceptual dimension in audition, supporting auditory object segregation, melody recognition and lexical distinction. Huggins’ pitch, for example, is a phenomenon evoked by two sources of broadband noise presented binaurally with an inter-aural phase shift over a narrow frequency band. Huggins’ pitch and other dichotic pitches have been studied extensively using perceptual experiments. Several models have been proposed to explain and predict the perception of pitch; however, no studies have tried to record in vivo neuron responses to Huggins’ pitch (HP) nor have tried to explain how the HP is coded by neurons. The existence of pitches …

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Virtual Reality For Baseball Batting, Fengchen Gong, Tianjie Jia, Hong Tan, Casey Kohr Aug 2018

Virtual Reality For Baseball Batting, Fengchen Gong, Tianjie Jia, Hong Tan, Casey Kohr

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Nowadays, researchers explore the applications of Virtual Reality in different aspects of people’s lives. A few studies of Virtual Reality focus on applications in sports training. In this research area, one of the most important benefits is that athletes can focus on the training of one specific skill at one time. This SURF project focuses on the development of the virtual reality environment by designing targeted training for baseball batters, with the goal to achieve sufficient realism as judged by the Purdue baseball coaches. With the Virtual Reality training, baseball batters can practice and perfect a specific skill without a …

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Electronic Effect Of Platinum Alloy Catalysts On Olefin Hydrogenation Kinetics, Colin Reedy, Jeff Miller, Stephen Purdy Aug 2018

Electronic Effect Of Platinum Alloy Catalysts On Olefin Hydrogenation Kinetics, Colin Reedy, Jeff Miller, Stephen Purdy

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Dehydrogenation of alkanes is the first step in transforming light hydrocarbons into liquid fuels and chemicals. This process has traditionally used platinum alloys as catalysts. Alloys are used industrially because they have a greater selectivity than monometallic platinum. Alloying platinum with an inactive promoter modifies the crystalline structure of the surface (geometric effect), and the 5d electrons in platinum responsible for chemistry (electronic effect); both have been suggested to be primarily responsible for dehydrogenation selectivity in platinum alloys. Alloy catalysts have been synthesized using early 3d transition metal promoters with the same Pt3M crystal structure. X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy …

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Evaluation And Analysis Of Ethane Transformation To Liquid Hydrocarbons Through Steam Cracking, Christian Omar Villa Santos, Wasiu Peter Oladipupo, Taufik Ridha, Rakesh Agrawal Aug 2018

Evaluation And Analysis Of Ethane Transformation To Liquid Hydrocarbons Through Steam Cracking, Christian Omar Villa Santos, Wasiu Peter Oladipupo, Taufik Ridha, Rakesh Agrawal

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Process design and sensitivity studies for a steam cracking reactor was performed. Steam cracking is commonly employed to convert ethane to ethylene, a building block of many other products. Although this technology is generally employed at large scale (>6 Billion pounds of ethylene per year), understanding the process and its economic performance is critical to set target criteria for other processes under development. Aspen Plus was used to simulate the ethane steam cracking reactor and other process units. Sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the most efficient and cost-effective operation regarding product yield. The results show that the maximum …

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Grain Boundary Motion Analysis, Jeremy Marquardt, Xiaorong Cai, Marisol Koslowski Aug 2018

Grain Boundary Motion Analysis, Jeremy Marquardt, Xiaorong Cai, Marisol Koslowski

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Grain growth is a mechanism to relax residual stresses in thin films. These grains grow out of the thin film surface and are known as whiskers. These whiskers can cause short circuits, so developing scalable and cost effective solutions would increase the reliability and utility of tin electronics. A popular of method of examining tin whiskering is microscopic simulation, as it provides an accurate and cost effective way to predict the consequences of proposed models. Specifically examining the evolution of grain boundaries, this paper aims to present the results of grain boundary motion simulations through a generalized program that streamlines …

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Thienoisatin Oligomers As N-Type Molecular Semiconductors, Natalie M. Kadlubowski, Xuyi Luo, Jianguo Mei Aug 2018

Thienoisatin Oligomers As N-Type Molecular Semiconductors, Natalie M. Kadlubowski, Xuyi Luo, Jianguo Mei

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Organic field effect transistors (OFETs) offer many advantages compared to traditional inorganic transistors, such as flexibility and solution processability. In this study we design and synthesize two thienoisatin-based organic semiconducting small molecules, then investigate their electronic properties in n-type OFETs. To introduce n-type charge transport, electron-withdrawing dicarbonitrile moieties were installed on thienoisoindigo and bis-thienoisatin molecules, which led to a quinoidal conjugation on thienoisoindigo, while maintaining an aromatic conjugation on the bis-thienoisatin. Following the syntheses, the molecules were characterized to determine highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels via cyclic voltammetry, as well as any potential …

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Tissue Clearing As A Mechanism To Identify Changes In Fibronectin Structure During Breast Cancer Metastasis, Maryam Nuru, Kelsey Hopkins, Luis Solorio Aug 2018

Tissue Clearing As A Mechanism To Identify Changes In Fibronectin Structure During Breast Cancer Metastasis, Maryam Nuru, Kelsey Hopkins, Luis Solorio

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

With metastasis accounting for approximately 90% of breast cancer deaths and an alarming number of over 300,000 new breast cancer cases to be diagnosed by the end of 2018, there is growing need to understand the process of breast cancer. Changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the tumor microenvironment play an essential role in this deadly tumor progression. Specifically, the glycoprotein fibronectin (FN), has been identified to be up-regulated in patients with worse clinical outcomes. During tumor progression fibronectin undergoes conformational changes that aid in metastatic dissemination. In order to analyze the dynamic changes in FN expression and evaluate …

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Efvs Effects On Pilot Performance, Michael Campbell, Nsikak Udo-Imeh, Steven J. Landry Aug 2018

Efvs Effects On Pilot Performance, Michael Campbell, Nsikak Udo-Imeh, Steven J. Landry

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Flight tests have been conducted at Purdue University using a computer-based flying simulator in an attempt to determine and measure the effects of Enhanced Flight Vision Systems (EFVS) on the performance of pilots during landing. Knowledge of these effects could help guide future design and implementation of EFVS in modern commercial aircraft, and further increase pilots’ ability to control the aircraft in low-visibility conditions. The problem that has faced researchers in the past has revolved around the difficulty in interpreting the data which is generated by these tests. The difficulty in making a generalized conclusion based on the large amount …

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Short-Term Organic Carbon Release And Chlorine Disinfectant Decay For Cross-Linked Polyethylene (Pex) Plumbing Pipes, Miriam Tariq, Christian J. Ley, Maryam Salehi, Andrew J. Whelton Aug 2018

Short-Term Organic Carbon Release And Chlorine Disinfectant Decay For Cross-Linked Polyethylene (Pex) Plumbing Pipes, Miriam Tariq, Christian J. Ley, Maryam Salehi, Andrew J. Whelton

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The use of cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plumbing pipes has grown in popularity for residential applications. However, PEX pipes can leach organic materials into water that can enable biofilm growth, cause off-tastes and -odors, and may react with disinfectants to form disinfection by-products (DBP). Varied manufacturing processes that are applied to create PEX pipes add to the complexity of understanding organic materials released. In this study, organic carbon release from three PEX pipe brands was monitored for up to five days using a series of stagnation periods. Seven stagnation periods of 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, 72, and 120 hours were …

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Characterization And Modeling Of Discontinuous Fiber Composites, Kenneth M. Serrano Rodriguez, Imad Hanhan, Ronald F. Agyei, Michael Sangid Aug 2018

Characterization And Modeling Of Discontinuous Fiber Composites, Kenneth M. Serrano Rodriguez, Imad Hanhan, Ronald F. Agyei, Michael Sangid

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Composite materials, which are light and strong, are of great interest to engineers in the aerospace industry. Specifically in this work, a discontinuous short fiber reinforced polymer composite whose matrix is Polypropylene and fibers are Electric-glass oriented in different directions was studied. The performance of this material is highly dependent on its microstructure, and therefore the objective of this research is to non-destructively characterize the microstructure of the composite material. This includes characterization of its fiber orientation and length, fiber volume fraction, and void volume fraction. To do this, X-ray micro-computed tomography has been used, providing two dimensional cross-sectional images …

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Targeted Epigenetic Editing Using Optogenetic Tools, Joshua Hahn, Chongli Yuan Aug 2018

Targeted Epigenetic Editing Using Optogenetic Tools, Joshua Hahn, Chongli Yuan

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Epigenetics markers, such as DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications, are modifications to the structure of DNA that impact gene expression without altering the genetic code. Among them, DNA methylation plays a critical role in various biological processes including the differentiation of stem cells, regulation of gene expression, and adaptation to environmental signals. The ability to modify DNA methylation at particular genes in various cell types is thus desirable for engineering specific cell phenotypes. Although technologies exist that can alter DNA methylation at target genes, these techniques lack spatial and temporal resolution and are not able to selectively edit individual …

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Developing An Electromechanical Carbon Dioxide Sensor For Occupancy Monitoring, Joshua L. Jenkins, Allison K. Murray, Jeffrey F. Rhoads Aug 2018

Developing An Electromechanical Carbon Dioxide Sensor For Occupancy Monitoring, Joshua L. Jenkins, Allison K. Murray, Jeffrey F. Rhoads

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The Energy Information Administration reported in 2012 that heating and cooling processes consume nearly 35% of the total energy used by commercial buildings. In an effort to limit the amount of energy wasted in conditioning empty buildings and rooms, various occupancy detection techniques have been developed that can be paired with a smart heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) control system. This work focused on the development of a novel carbon dioxide detector that is sensitive enough to accurately determine if, and when, a room is occupied. To test the new sensor design, a customized chamber with gas inlets was …

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Reliability Of Lead-Free Solder Joints Under Combined Shear And Compressive Loads, Ian Bernander, Travis Dale, Yuvraj Singh, Ganesh Subbarayan Aug 2018

Reliability Of Lead-Free Solder Joints Under Combined Shear And Compressive Loads, Ian Bernander, Travis Dale, Yuvraj Singh, Ganesh Subbarayan

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

In electronic assemblies, solder joints are used to create electrical connections, remove heat, and mechanically support the components. When an electronic device is powered on, the solder joints and the board they are attached to heat up, expanding at different rates. Due to the difference in expansion, shear stress is imposed on the solder joints. As the device is powered on and off, this shear stress can eventually fracture the solder joint, causing the device to fail. Therefore, to increase the lifespan of electronics, it is important to investigate the mechanical properties of solder alloys. The present study investigates how …

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High-Throughput Nanoliter Dispensing Device For Biological Applications, Cole Reynolds, Euiwon Bae Dr., J Paul Robinson Dr. Aug 2018

High-Throughput Nanoliter Dispensing Device For Biological Applications, Cole Reynolds, Euiwon Bae Dr., J Paul Robinson Dr.

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Pathogen identification is a field that can contribute largely to the prevention of the spreading of illness and disease. In the past, pathogen identification has been a long and arduous process due to the time-consuming processes and steps that requires technician’s time and effort. With new technologies emerging however, screening of bacteria colonies can be done in a quick and high-throughput way. The problem is that using the current methods, bacteria cannot be transferred to petri dishes fast enough to keep up with the new screening methods. The current study focuses on exploring different methods to create an ergonomic device …

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Creating A Mammary Duct Model To Study The Effects Of Cancer Heterogeneity On Tumor Metastasis, Megan Hofstetter, Mazin Hakim, Luis Solorio Aug 2018

Creating A Mammary Duct Model To Study The Effects Of Cancer Heterogeneity On Tumor Metastasis, Megan Hofstetter, Mazin Hakim, Luis Solorio

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

During tumor progression, the process of clonal evolution gives rise to a variety of cell subpopulations that cause differential sensitivity to drugs and give rise to cell populations with the ability to metastasize, there are many mouse models available that can be used to study tumor progression and metastasis. However, there is a lack of models to study the effect of tumor heterogeneity using human cancers. Xenograft based systems require the use of immunodeficient mice, which limits the use of the model to evaluate microenvironmental factors involved in metastatic dissemination. Humanized mouse models with established human immune systems have been …

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Steady-State Method To Measure The In-Plane Thermal Conductivity Of Thin Sheet Materials, Evgeny Pakhomenko, Andrew James Wildridge, Abraham Mathew Koshy, Souvik Das, Andreas Jung Aug 2018

Steady-State Method To Measure The In-Plane Thermal Conductivity Of Thin Sheet Materials, Evgeny Pakhomenko, Andrew James Wildridge, Abraham Mathew Koshy, Souvik Das, Andreas Jung

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

A new generation of silicon pixel detectors is required to cope with the unprecedented luminosities at the high-luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) in 2025. The HL-LHC provides a high radiation, high interaction rate environment for the innermost detector region of the CMS detector. This can lead to an uncontrolled increase in temperature of the detector that can destroy the silicon pixels. Moreover, too high operating temperature can add noise to the data obtained from the detector and can slow the read out cheap down. Therefore, the Phase II upgrade to the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment requires …

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Flow Measurement Using Electron Beam Flourescence, Richard Brookes, Andrew Strongrich, Anthony G Cofer, Alina Alexeenko Aug 2018

Flow Measurement Using Electron Beam Flourescence, Richard Brookes, Andrew Strongrich, Anthony G Cofer, Alina Alexeenko

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Low density, high-speed flows are of interest to many research areas including, spacecraft thrusters, hypersonic vehicle control, and atmospheric re-entry studies. Measurement of low-density gas flows by traditional methods such as Schlieren Photography or Particle Image Velocimetry is often not possible. In order to yield new information about gas behavior at low densities the technique of electron beam fluorescence is being re-evaluated. By recreating previous electron beam fluorescence setups used to measure density, the experiment operating parameters including beam strength and density ranges are assessed and a foundation can be built for further experimentation. Comparing intensity plots of imaged flows …

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Extra-Terrestrial Habitat Systems: Safety, Reliability, And Resilience, Jory C. Lyons Jr., Amin Maghareh, Audai Theinat, Shirley Dyke, Antonio Bobet Aug 2018

Extra-Terrestrial Habitat Systems: Safety, Reliability, And Resilience, Jory C. Lyons Jr., Amin Maghareh, Audai Theinat, Shirley Dyke, Antonio Bobet

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Developing a resilient extra-terrestrial habitat with regards to long-term reliability and safety from hazards including radiation, meteorites, and quakes is necessary to ensure human survival during interplanetary exploration. The objective of this study is to examine conventional aerospace safety and reliability analysis techniques to investigate whether they are sufficient to achieve resilience in extra-terrestrial habitats. These results will be obtained to complete a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of compiled techniques to design a sustainable habitat system. Failure modes, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA) and probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) with their past applications will be assessed to provide …

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Space Architecture Assessment Using System-Of-Systems Methodologies, Liam Durbin, Cesare Guariniello, Daniel Delaurentis Aug 2018

Space Architecture Assessment Using System-Of-Systems Methodologies, Liam Durbin, Cesare Guariniello, Daniel Delaurentis

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

As technologies in the space exploration community are further developed, mission complexity and the associated risks have become greater. Dozens of complicated system interactions may result in unexpected, potentially dangerous emergent behaviors. Early efforts are underway by NASA to map potential system architectures (collections of systems which fulfill design requirements) for future human space exploration missions. However, current mission complexity requires the determination of emergent behaviors, as well as time requirements, and safety levels of complicated space exploration architectures, which current analysis methods in use cannot address. To that end, a newer technique has been developed—System Operability Dependency Analysis (SODA). …

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Non-Invasive Diagnostic Measures Of Sensorineural Hearing Loss In Chinchillas, Hannah M. Ginsberg, Satyabrata Parida, Michael G. Heinz Aug 2018

Non-Invasive Diagnostic Measures Of Sensorineural Hearing Loss In Chinchillas, Hannah M. Ginsberg, Satyabrata Parida, Michael G. Heinz

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

According to the World Health Organization, disabling hearing loss affects nearly 466 million people worldwide. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which is characterized as damage to the inner ear (e.g., cochlear hair cells) and/or to the neural pathways connecting the inner ear and brain, accounts for 90% of all disabling hearing loss. More concerning is that significant perceptual and physiological aspects of SNHL remain “hidden” from standard clinical diagnostics. Hidden hearing loss (HHL) manifests as the inability to understand speech in loud, noisy environments (e.g., listening in a noisy restaurant) despite a normal audiogram (i.e., normal detection of soft sounds). Recently, …

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Study Of The Effective Thermal Conductivity Of Polymer Composites With Varying Filler Arrangements, Debraliz Isaac Aragones, Rajath Kantharaj, Aaditya Candadai, Amy Marconnet Aug 2018

Study Of The Effective Thermal Conductivity Of Polymer Composites With Varying Filler Arrangements, Debraliz Isaac Aragones, Rajath Kantharaj, Aaditya Candadai, Amy Marconnet

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Alternative thermal management solutions for electronic devices are being widely explored due to the increasing heat concentration that results from shrinking sizes and increasing power of modern electronics. Clearly, there is a need to spread the heat effectively in these systems, and polymer composites can potentially provide high thermal conductivity at low filler fraction while maintaining desirable mechanical properties for electronic packaging. The present study aims to investigate the effective thermal conductivity of various copper filler arrangements in a polymer matrix. The polymer composites are fabricated using laser cut acrylic templates to embed aligned copper rods in epoxy and create …

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Localized Strain And Associated Failure Of Structural Materials, Hayden N. Hermes, Andrea Nicolas, Michael Sangid, Noelle C. Easter, James T. Burns Aug 2018

Localized Strain And Associated Failure Of Structural Materials, Hayden N. Hermes, Andrea Nicolas, Michael Sangid, Noelle C. Easter, James T. Burns

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Aircraft are made primarily out of strong and lightweight aluminum alloys, which are relatively low cost, easy to produce, and have allowed for several innovations in the airplane industry. Even though these alloys are highly corrosion resistant, they are susceptible to failure since airplanes experience some of the harshest fatigue and corrosion conditions. Predicting the location of crack initiation on these corroded materials could lead to preventative safety of aluminum components on an aircraft. To study the mechanisms leading to cracking, precorroded AA7050 samples were fatigue loaded to failure, virtually reconstructed form post-mortem characterizations, and modeled accordingly to obtain the …

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Understanding Suspend/Resume Path Of Linux Device Drivers, Yi Qiao, Xiaozhu Felix Lin Aug 2018

Understanding Suspend/Resume Path Of Linux Device Drivers, Yi Qiao, Xiaozhu Felix Lin

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Suspend/Resume (S/R), stands for putting mobile devices into sleep mode and wakes them up. Such a S/R process is heavily used in mobile devices today. While controlling by the operating system (OS), S/R process consumes a dominating portion of energy. In order to minimize the power consumption, we have to understand what happens on the S/R Path of modern device drivers so that further solutions reducing the overhead in that process can be found. In a modern OS, device drivers can make up over 70% of the source code, while still heavily dependent on the rest of the OS. Such …

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Lead In Residential Water Heaters: An Analysis Of Lead Dissolution Kinetics In Non-Ideal Aquatic Environments, Kelsey Vought, Inez Hua, Amisha D. Shah, Nadezhda N. Zyaykina, Mackenzie Davies Aug 2018

Lead In Residential Water Heaters: An Analysis Of Lead Dissolution Kinetics In Non-Ideal Aquatic Environments, Kelsey Vought, Inez Hua, Amisha D. Shah, Nadezhda N. Zyaykina, Mackenzie Davies

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Lead dioxide, a lead corrosion product, is an important contributor to residential drinking water contamination. A neurotoxin and endocrine disruptor, lead poses serious human health concerns. Despite previous research on water distribution pipes, lead in water heating and softening systems is unexplored. Standard tank water heaters and water softeners have significantly different aquatic environments compared to distribution pipes, due to increased temperature and ion concentration levels. This research verifies the iodometric method for lead dioxide detection and quantifies total lead and dissolved lead(IV) ions over time in simulated water heater and softener environments. Initial experiments confirmed the iodometric method for …

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Method Validation Of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Electrophysiological Recording To Investigate Mechanisms Of Vagus Nerve, Christina L. Hendren, Jiayue Cao, Zhongming Liu Aug 2018

Method Validation Of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Electrophysiological Recording To Investigate Mechanisms Of Vagus Nerve, Christina L. Hendren, Jiayue Cao, Zhongming Liu

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is used clinically to treat epilepsy and depression, but its mechanism of action is unknown. Useful techniques to study this are functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and the local field potential (LFP). fMRI relies on oxygen use in the brain to show areas where neurons are active. The LFP is an electrical signal created by neuron action potentials and other current moving across cell membranes. The most information can be gained when the two methods are used simultaneously, however, this is difficult to do. This study seeks to validate the technique of fMRI-LFP as applied to …

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Scaling Relationships Across Chemically Related Adsorbates For Fast Screening Of Alloy Catalysts For Propane Dehydrogenation, Anne Esther Serban, Ranga Rohit Seemakurthi, Brandon C. Bukowski, Jeffrey Greeley Aug 2018

Scaling Relationships Across Chemically Related Adsorbates For Fast Screening Of Alloy Catalysts For Propane Dehydrogenation, Anne Esther Serban, Ranga Rohit Seemakurthi, Brandon C. Bukowski, Jeffrey Greeley

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

A catalyst is a material which speeds up the rate of a specific reaction. A reaction that is of significant importance to the chemical industry is the selective transformations of light alkanes (ethane, propane), which are largely available in shale gas, to olefins. These olefins can then be converted into higher-value chemicals, materials, and fuels. However, there are several undesired reactions that take place alongside the main dehydrogenation reaction, so a catalyst of high selectivity is desired. Apart from the industrially used PtSn catalyst, work by our experimental collaborators has shown that various other Pt and Pd alloys (In, Zn) …

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