Engineering Commons^™

Single Particle Impact Electrochemistry: Analyses Of Nanoparticles And Biomolecules, Jian-Hua Zhang, Yi-Ge Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

Single particle impact electrochemistry (SPIEC) has grown rapidly in recent years and shown great promise in the analysis of nanoparticle properties as well as the detection of biomolecules including DNA, RNA, protein, enzyme, bacteria, virus, vesicles and others. This minireview summarizes recent advances in electroanalytical applications of SPIEC according to different analytical methods, i.e., direct electrolysis of nanoparticles or labeled nanoparticles, direct electrolysis of soft particles encapsulated redox molecule, indirect electrochemistry of particles, area and diffusion blocking, and changes in current magnitude and collision frequency.

Analyzing Disparities In Ecosystem Services In U.S. Cities: The Relationship Between Tree Cover And Socio-Demographics, Katherine V. Cendrowski

REU Final Reports

It is a generally accepted fact that trees, and vegetation in general, provide many benefits to human beings. What has not been so extensively studied is how those benefits may be distributed across the United States. This research project aims to study that distribution by modeling and analyzing the land use data of US cities and the socio-demographic data available. We are looking specifically at tree cover as presented in the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) in order to determine what the general demographics are of those people that live in closer proximity to trees. We are also looking at …

A Resource Constrained Shortest Paths Approach To Reducing Personal Pollution Exposure, Elling Payne

REU Final Reports

As wildfires surge in frequency and impact in the Pacific Northwest, in tandem with increasingly traffic-choked roads, personal exposure to harmful airborne pollutants is a rising concern. Particularly at risk are school-age children, especially those living in disadvantaged communities near major motorways and industrial centers. Many of these children must walk to school, and the choice of route can effect exposure. Route-planning applications and frameworks utilizing computational shortest paths methods have been proposed which consider personal exposure with reasonable success, but few have focused on pollution exposure, and all have been limited in scalability or geographic scope. This paper addresses …

A Low Noise Temperature Control System For Nanopore-Based Single Molecule Analysis, Cheng-Yu Yang, Zhen Gu, Zheng-Li Hu, Yi-Lun Ying, Yi-Tao Long

Journal of Electrochemistry

Nanopore employs a single bio-molecule interface, which is a highly sensitive single-molecule detection technology for measuring single biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, protein, and peptide. The interaction between single molecule and nanopore is thermodynamically controlled. Therefore, it is urgent to precisely control the temperature of the nanopore system without introduction of any noise. In this paper, we have developed a low-noise temperature control system for single-molecule detection of nanopores to achieve precise regulation at the ambient temperature during measurements. The system utilizes the thermoelectric effect of the semiconductor refrigerating chip to heat or cool the detection chamber, while adopts electromagnetically …

Recent Progresses Of Enzymes Assembled In Nanochannels For Catalytic Reaction, Li Shangguan, Xuan Xu, Song-Qin Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The research of enzymes assembled and catalytic reaction not only is beneficial to exploit the essences of life’s activities, but also is significant in developing the practical application of enzymes in these areas including industrial production, analysis and detection, treatment of disease, etc. The effective immobilization and ordered assembly of enzymes are important methods for maintaining the catalytic activity, catalytic reaction stability and catalytic process controllability of enzymes. Among them, single or multi-enzymes are immobilized orderly in nanochannels that exhibit unique features and advantages, accordingly, the confinement effect of nanochannels can increase the selectivity and catalytic efficiency of enzymes through …

Impacts Of Urban Development Pattern On Runoff Peak Flows And Streamflow Flashiness Of Peri-Urban Catchments: Assessing The Performance Of Physical And Data-Driven Models For Real-Time Ensemble Flood Forecasting, Babak Kasaee Roodsari

Dissertations - ALL

Urban growth is a global phenomenon, and the associated impacts on hydrology from land development are expected to increase, especially in peri-urban catchments, which are newly developing catchments in proximity of growing cities. In northern climates, hydrologic response of peri-urban catchments change with the water budget and climatic conditions. As a result, runoff response of northern peri-urban catchments can vary immensely across seasons. During warm seasons, the evapotranspiration (ET) and infiltration rates are high, so urban floods are expected to occur during high intensity, low duration storm events. During cold seasons and below freezing temperatures, surficial soils are typically frozen …

A Web-Based Collaborative Multimedia Presentation Document System, Chunxu Tang

Dissertations - ALL

With the distributed and rapidly increasing volume of data and expeditious development of modern web browsers, web browsers have become a possible legitimate vehicle for remote interactive multimedia presentation and collaboration, especially for geographically dispersed teams. To our knowledge, although there are a large number of applications developed for these purposes, there are some drawbacks in prior work including the lack of interactive controls of presentation flows, general-purpose collaboration support on multimedia, and efficient and precise replay of presentations.

To fill the research gaps in prior work, in this dissertation, we propose a web-based multimedia collaborative presentation document system, which …

A Decision-Making Framework For Hybrid Resource Recovery Oriented Wastewater Systems, Nader Rezaei

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Water shortage, water contamination, and the emerging challenges in sustainable water resources management (e.g., the likely impacts of climate change and population growth) necessitate adopting a reverse logistics approach, which is the process of moving wastewater from its typical final destination back to the water supply chain for reuse purposes. This practice not only reduces the negative impacts of wastewater on the environment, but also provides an alternative to withdrawal from natural water resources, forming a closed-loop water supply chain. However, the design of such a supply chain requires an appropriate sustainability assessment, which simultaneously accounts for economic, environmental, and …

The Effect Of Radial Head Hemiarthroplasty Stem Fit On Radiocapitellar Contact Mechanics: Is Loose Fit Better Than Rigidly Fixed?, Jakub Szmit, Graham J.W. King, James A. Johnson, G. Daniel G. Langohr

Western Research Forum

Background/Methods: Radial head hemiarthroplasty is commonly employed to manage comminuted displaced fractures. With regards to implant fixation, current designs vary with some prostheses aiming to achieve a tight 'fixed' fit, and others utilizing a smooth stem with an over reamed 'loose' fit. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of radial head hemiarthroplasty stem fit on radiocapitellar contact using a finite element model which simulated both fixed (size-for-size) and loose (1, 2 & 3mm over reamed) stem fits.

Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that a loose stem fit would improve radiocapitellar contact mechanics, with increased contact area …

Investigating The Effect Of Stiffness In Hemiarthroplasty Implants, Carolyn Berkmortel, Daniel Langohr, Graham King, James Johnson

Western Research Forum

Background: Hemiarthroplasty is an attractive alternative to total arthroplasty because it conserves tissue, allows for quicker recovery, and has a lower cost. However, likely due to the high stiffness of the implant, hemiarthroplasties often lead to accelerated wear of the opposing native cartilage.

Hypothesis and Methods: The purpose of this study was to investigate the maximum contact stress on the capitellum for different currently available biomaterials in radial head hemiarthroplasty and compare them to the native radial head. A finite element model was developed in ABAQUS (Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp., RI, USA). An axial load of 100N was applied to …

Multifunctional Hybrid Sol-Gel Implant Coatings On Anodized Titanium Substrates To Improve Osseointegration And Antimicrobial Effectiveness, Zach Gouveia

Western Research Forum

To improve patient outcomes in orthopedic and dental implantation procedures, the development of multifunctional implant coatings that can inhibit microbial cell proliferation while promoting osseointegration have been sought out by clinicians. While recent developments in material science and cell biology have seen the development of such coatings, many proposed systems lack clinical translatability. For example, to reach the clinic, modern coating systems must be highly adherent to their substrate (to avoid delamination upon implantation), have sufficient wettability (to promote the fixation of cells), and facilitate the controlled and sustained release of antimicrobial factors (falling within the therapeutic window to prevent …

Usu Professor Receives Sudweeks Award For Contributions To Water Quality Research | College Of Engineering, Utah State University

College of Engineering News

Utah State University faculty Judy Sims received the Calvin K. Sudweeks Award on June 26 from the Utah Division of Water Quality.

Fibrinogen, Factor Xiii And Fibronectin: A Biophysical And Kinetic Characterization Of Their Interactions, Frank Fabian

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The development of recombinant-based liquid fibrin tissue sealants having enhanced hemostatic and wound healing properties will involve understanding as yet not well characterized interactions between fibrinogen, fibrin (Fbn) factor XIII, thrombin and fibronectin. We study these phenomena in the context of comparing plasma derived fibrinogen to recombinant fibrinogen (rFI) produced in the milk of transgenic cows. An abundance of purified γγ and γγ’ FI subspecies enables detailed study of γγ or γγ’ biomonomer and their respective Fbn biopolymer formation as having different substrate behaviors of activated plasma derived factor XIII (pFXIIIa₂b₂). High pressure size exclusion (HPSEC) …

Rf Power Circuit Designs For Wi-Fi Applications, Krishna Manasa Gollapudi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In the field of RF/Microwave Engineering, the Wilkinson Power divider is a passive device frequently used for splitting or combining signals. The power fed to the input port is equally or unequally split between N output ports and delivers better performance by achieving isolation between the output ports while matching all the ports. The design comprises simple transmission lines and provides power divider characteristics with the help of quarter wavelength transmission lines with different topologies.

This thesis describes the design and fabrication of lumped and N way power splitter working at an operating frequency of 2.4 GHz. These circuits are …

The Design Of Passive Networks With Full-Wave Component Models, Eric Valentino

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, the design of passive networks with the aid of full-wave simulation software and geometry-based models of lumped elements is investigated. This is done by examining the results of a number of simulation examples, as well as measured data from manufactured designs to compare against simulated equivalents. One such example is a chip antenna evaluation board design, in which the PCB, antenna, matching components and connector are all modeled. When measured, the simulation agreed with the board’s best matched frequency of 5.5 GHz to within 20 MHz. In another, a new antenna layout is generated from an existing …

To Compare Cyclosporine A Nanoformulations For Their Effectiveness In Reducing Nephrotoxicity, Ilkin Nasirli

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Cyclosporine (CsA) is one of the main immune-suppressant agents which has been used widely in organ transplantation against graft rejection. However, the low oral bioavailability and the associated adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity are the main drawbacks of current usage of this drug. Thus, purpose of this research is to formulate PLGA nanoparticles of CsA to improve its effectiveness and to reduce the nephrotoxicity induced by the plain drug. CsA-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method. Particle size and zeta potential of the formulation was determined and percent drug entrapment were also determined. Quantitative estimation was carried out …

Lansce Diagnostic Robot Localization, Lucas S. Montoya

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) operates a linear particle accelerator (LINAC) that is used for a number of scientific research projects. Due to the presence of harmful radiation, researchers are not allowed in the beam tunnel during operation. Since the beam tunnel is inaccessible, an autonomous mobile robot is to be developed and deployed in the tunnel, monitoring the accelerator during operation. The robot will present real time data for operators and scientists from sensors such as a video camera, thermal camera, microphones, and muon detectors; allowing for beam diagnostics previously unavailable.

Localization is a fundamental step in autonomous …

A Soft-Robotic Harbor Porpoise Pectoral Fin Driven By Coiled Polymer Actuators As Artificial Muscles, Robert Hunt, Sarah Trabia, Zakai Olsen, Kwang Kim

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Research

Biomimicry is an approach in science and engineering to overcome human challenges by designing materials and systems modeled after nature. Selected applications of biomimicry include catheters, hearing devices, and artificial appendages such as arms, legs, and fingers. The inspiration for this study is the hydrofoil-like structured pectoral fin of the harbor porpoise whale that is ultimately useful for studying fluid-structure interactions, drag, lift, and laminar-to-turbulent transitions. The pectoral fin is fabricated by manipulating computed tomography (CT) scans into 3D models using Simpleware ScanIP and post-processed in Autodesk for printing. An array of thermally driven coiled polymer actuators (CPA) fabricated from …

Responsive Coatings And Functional Systems From Pectin Polysaccharides, Zeinab Veisi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Pectin polysaccharides provide promising potential as all-natural, non-toxic “green” coatings. Pectin polysaccharides have been drawing growing attention as elements of stimuli-responsive systems and as source materials for functionalized robust coatings. They can be extracted from several natural sources and are intrinsically biocompatible. The majority of the applications of pectin gels require a better understanding of the properties of thin layers of gels at surfaces and interfaces. Despite the prevalence of bulk gels of pectin, coatings of pectin have not been reported. In bulk hydrogels, swelling of polymer networks is controlled by a diffusion limited transport process in which the rate …

Real‐Time Overhead Power Line Sag Monitoring, Jie Huang, Rui Bo

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

System and method for determining real-time sag and shape information of an electrical power line based on strain distribution along a length of an optical fiber associated with the power line. An embedded fiber coupled to an overhead transmission line measures strain using the backscatter of an optical signal, the optical signal is then interrogated using an interferometer.

Large-Scale Data Analysis And Deep Learning Using Distributed Cyberinfrastructures And High Performance Computing, Richard Dodge Platania

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Data in many research fields continues to grow in both size and complexity. For instance, recent technological advances have caused an increased throughput in data in various biological-related endeavors, such as DNA sequencing, molecular simulations, and medical imaging. In addition, the variance in the types of data (textual, signal, image, etc.) adds an additional complexity in analyzing the data. As such, there is a need for uniquely developed applications that cater towards the type of data. Several considerations must be made when attempting to create a tool for a particular dataset. First, we must consider the type of algorithm required …

Graphs And Cad: Analyzing The Experience Of A Mechanical Engineering Intern, Matthew Des Biens

Celebration of Learning

A reflection on the experiences of a mechanical engineering intern at Bergstrom Inc., this presentation, by Senior Matt Des Biens, will discuss what it was like working for a manufacturing and design company making HVAC units for large customers across the world. The highlights will be on the projects he worked on, the things that he learned, and his views on working for the company as a whole.

Usu Alum Awarded For Work In Irrigation Engineering | College Of Engineering, Utah State University

College of Engineering News

Utah State University College of Engineering alumnus Saleh Taghvaeian will receive the Larry W. Turner Young Extension Professional Award from the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. The award will be presented July 10 at the organization’s annual conference in Boston.

High‑Throughput Analysis Of Leaf Physiological And Chemical Traits With Vis–Nir–Swir Spectroscopy: A Case Study With A Maize Diversity Panel, Yufeng Ge, Abbas Atefi, Huichun Zhang, Chenyong Miao, Raghuprakash Kastoori Ramamurthy, Brandi Sigmon, Jinliang Yang, James C. Schnable

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Hyperspectral reflectance data in the visible, near infrared and shortwave infrared range (VIS–NIR– SWIR, 400–2500 nm) are commonly used to nondestructively measure plant leaf properties. We investigated the usefulness of VIS–NIR–SWIR as a high-throughput tool to measure six leaf properties of maize plants including chlorophyll content (CHL), leaf water content (LWC), specific leaf area (SLA), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). This assessment was performed using the lines of the maize diversity panel. Data were collected from plants grown in greenhouse condition, as well as in the field under two nitrogen application regimes. Leaf-level hyperspectral data were collected with …

Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Using Solid Amine Sorbents, Umadevi Gopalakrishnan

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Biogas, being rich in methane, can be used as a fuel for various end uses such as electricity generation, compressed natural gas (CNG), production of liquid fuels, industrial heating, etc. CO₂ is the major contaminant in biogas (30–50%) along with other impurities such as NH₃, H₂S, and water. CO₂ in the biogas decreases the heating value of biogas. Natural gas pipelines and vehicle use require high purity (> 95%) CH₄. There are many commercial techniques available for CO₂ removal from biogas such as such water scrubbing (WS), chemical scrubbing (CS) using …

Experimental And Theoretical Evaluation Of The Effect Of Panel Geometry On The Failure Of Corrugated Board Panel, Takashi Takayama, Katsuhiko Saito, Akira Higashiyama

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

McKee’s formula is widely used to predict the compression strength (CS) of corrugated boxes and panels. It can accurately estimate the compression strength of boxes that are within a practical size range, but recently, larger and smaller corrugated boxes than before have been extensively developed. Therefore, there is a need for a CS prediction formula that works beyond the application range of McKee’s formula. Recent researches consider the failure mode as a combination of collapsing and buckling failure and remove the constraints and the assumptions associated with McKee’s formula. This makes it possible to more accurately estimate the CS of …

Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling Of A Scroll Vortex Intake, S. N. Chan

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

Scroll vortex intakes are vortex drop structures commonly used in water supply, drainage and sewerage systems, characterized by a vortex chamber with its wall curling inwards to the dropshaft and a horizontal bottom. The stormwater flows into the intake via an eccentrical approach channel, which imparts vortex motion to the flow, forming a swirling vortex flow with a stable air core through the center of dropshaft. Over past decades, much effort has been devoted to investigating the scroll intake vortex flow, yet the understanding and predictions of the vortex flow is still far from complete due to a lack of …

Large-Eddy Simulations Of T-Shaped Open-Channel Confluences With Different Downstream Channel Widths, Pedro Xavier Ramos, Laurent Schindfessel, João Pedro Pêgo, Tom De Mulder

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

Confluences of open-channel flows are common in nature as well as in urban drainage networks and in hydraulic structures. The complex hydrodynamics is often studied in schematized, right-angled confluences. In this paper, the influence of the downstream channel width onto time-averaged and turbulent flow features will be investigated numerically, based on Large-Eddy Simulations. For one flow situation, i.e. flow ratio and downstream Froude number, two geometries will be compared: a discordant width case, which was studied experimentally by Yuan et al. (2016) in a flume with a wider downstream channel than the upstream mean and tributary channels, and the corresponding …

Spillway Debris Physical Model Study Morning Glory Spillway, Melissa Shinbein

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

In this 1:18 Froude scale physical hydraulic model study, woody debris was introduced into a reservoir upstream of a morning-glory spillway at different flow rates causing jams. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the frequency of woody debris clogs in the crest, mouth, transition, or a combination of the three in the morning-glory spillway over varying flow rates. Because of the random nature of debris loading into reservoirs (flux, density, species, length, diameter, branch complexity, etc.), a variety of woody species were used to represent prototype lengths of 10 feet to 35 feet and diameters of 0.5 feet …

Streamflow Regime Change In The Delaware River Basin, Travis Shoemaker, Madhav Bista, David Brandes

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

The combined impacts of hydroclimatic change and land development are widely expected to increase the frequency and magnitude of flooding in the northeast United States, with potential implications to floodplain infrastructure and mapping, hydraulic structures, land management, and flood losses. Additionally, shifting flow regimes pose a challenge for engineers and regulators of stormwater management, dams, and levees because design storms are commonly based on historical data, with the stationarity assumption that the future flow regime will mimic the past. Here, we examine selected long-term (40 to 114 years of data) streamflow records from watersheds of varying size in the upper …