Engineering Commons^™

Numerical Simulation Of Fish Passage Over A Weir, Linus Kaminski, C. Thorenz, R. Weichert

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

Downstream migration over weir structures has been a mostly neglected element of ecological continuity in the last decades. The guidelines currently applied in Germany to prevent damage to fish do not sufficiently consider the conditions present at weirs. To improve knowledge of the risks of fish passage over a weir due to physical strike, pressure changes and shear stress, a numerical method using the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics package OpenFOAM® was developed to simulate fish passage over a weir by tracking passively transported particles. In this study, the method is tested on an overshot and an undershot weir and the …

Effect Of Boundary-Layer Development On The Water-Surface Fluctuations Of Supercritical Flow Below A Sluice Gate, Ryugen Satoh, M. Takahashi, I. Ohtsu

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

Hydraulic structures with a sluice gate are commonly used for control of the flow. In supercritical flow below a sluice gate, an accurate estimation of the water depth and boundary layer thickness is important for the hydraulic design of a horizontal apron. The relation between water-surface fluctuations and boundary-layer development has not been clarified. The aim of this paper is to experimentally demonstrate the effect of boundary-layer development on water-surface fluctuations of supercritical flow below a sluice gate. It is shown that water surface begins to fluctuate slightly upstream of the critical point. The water-surface fluctuations and turbulence intensities downstream …

Cfd Simulation Of Supercritical Flow In Narrow Channels Including Sediment Bypass Tunnels, Subhojit Kadia, Elena Pummer, Nils RüTher

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

Secondary currents, turbulence characteristics and bed shear stress distribution are the crucial parameters for specifying sediment transport. Hence, to understand the sediment transport in sediment bypass tunnels (SBTs), we performed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of supercritical flow in a narrow straight channel. The results of the steady state simulation (Froude number ≈ 1.8) were compared with experimental results. The commonly used two-equations linear eddy-viscosity models are limited to isotropic turbulence closure and hence could not replicate the desired secondary currents. Therefore, the LRR Reynolds Stress Model was used, and predicted the flow features and the secondary currents (three kinds …

Probability Of Woody Debris Passage At Rock Weirs, Kathryn A. Margetts, B. M. Crookston

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

Often, large woody debris (LWD) at hydraulic structures is considered hazardous from a performance and public safety perspective. However, the sustainable management of rivers requires the consideration of ecological impacts of LWD such as cover for aquatics and the natural movement of LWD through a catchment. Therefore, this study explores the interaction of natural (nonuniform) LWD with rock weirs through field observations in the Blacksmith Fork River in Utah, USA and laboratory testing at the Utah Water Research Laboratory. The passage probability of individual LWD at rock weirs is observed and tested in an effort to describe the balance between …

Laboratory Experiments On Long Waves Interacting With Rigid Vertical Cylinders, R. Basile, F. De Serio, D. Raffaele

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

The impact of waves caused by storm surges or floods could lead to significant damage to marine and fluvial structures. Hydraulic forces add significant hydrodynamic loads on bridges built in coastal and fluvial environments; therefore, the effect of the wave impact on bridge substructures must be properly considered for the safe and cost-effective design of the piers. The use of laboratory-scale models is a direct approach to investigate the effects of long waves on simple structures, mimicking bridge piers. The present study describes a laboratory-scale model, where the propagation of two different long waves in a flume, in the presence …

Approach Flow Depth Influence On Nonlinear Weir Discharge Capacity, Benane Redha, Sebastien Erpicum, Michel Pirotton

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

The high hydraulic efficiency and the compactness of nonlinear weirs favor their use in several rehabilitation or new dams projects. Main types of nonlinear weirs are labyrinth and piano key weirs.The purpose of this paper is to provide indications on the influence of the approach flow depth on the discharge capacity of these nonlinear weirs. To do so, a series of experimental tests have been carried out in the laboratory of Engineering Hydraulics of the Liege University. A labyrinth and a piano key weir have been tested in channel configuration (upstream flow width equal to the weir width) considering various …

Discharge Capacity Of A Piano Key Weir With Curvilinear Keys, R. K. Mishra, Z. Ahmad

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

The Piano Key Weir (PKW) has emerged as a cost effective and viable solution for dam rehabilitation and new projects with high level of space constraints. The geometrical dimensions of PKW are main factors affecting their discharging capacity. Since, it is a relatively new type of weir that has only been developed in recent years, the description of the effect of its geometrical parameters is still immature. The geometric designs of these weirs presented in the literatures incorporate only linear floor slope of the keys. For better understanding of the influence of curvilinear shapes of outlet key slopes on discharge …

Development Of A 1 Kw Gravitational Water Vortex Hydropower Plant Prototype, A. Sapkota, A. Gautam, A. B. Timilsina, S. Dhakal, S. R. Shakya, T. R. Bajracharya

International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures

A pilot testing of a Gravitational Water Vortex Hydropower Plant (GWVHP) has been done to evaluate the applicability in a real-world scenario and validate the results from the lab-scale model. A scaled-up model of a capacity of 1 kW was constructed for the evaluation purpose. The test provided data in good agreement with a lab-scale model and a proper visualization to install Gravitational Water Vortex in real-world scenarios. The project lasted for nearly four months and thus provided important information on the problems that might arise in scaling up the lab model to a micro-hydro system. The pilot testing shows …

Nanoparticles For Targeted Drug Delivery To Cancer Stem Cells: A Review Of Recent Advances, Yavuz Nuri Ertas, Keyvan Abedi Dorcheh, Ali Akbari, Esmaiel Jabbari

Faculty Publications

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cells that can initiate, self-renew, and sustain tumor growth. CSCs are responsible for tumor metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance in cancer therapy. CSCs reside within a niche maintained by multiple unique factors in the microenvironment. These factors include hypoxia, excessive levels of angiogenesis, a change of mitochondrial activity from aerobic aspiration to aerobic glycolysis, an upregulated expression of CSC biomarkers and stem cell signaling, and an elevated synthesis of the cytochromes P450 family of enzymes responsible for drug clearance. Antibodies and ligands targeting the unique factors that maintain the niche are utilized …

High-Throughput Computation Of New Carbon Allotropes With Diverse Hybridization And Ultrahigh Hardness, Mohammed Al-Fahdi, Alejandro Rodriguez, Tao Ouyang, Ming Hu

Faculty Publications

The discovery of new carbon allotropes with different building blocks and crystal symmetries has long been of great interest to broad materials science fields. Herein, we report several hundred new carbon allotropes predicted by the state-of-the-art RG² code and first-principles calculations. The types of new carbon allotropes that were identified in this work span pure sp² , hybrid sp²/sp³ , and pure sp³ C–C bonding. All structures were globally optimized at the first-principles level. The thermodynamic stability of some selected carbon allotropes was further validated by computing their phonon dispersions. The predicted carbon allotropes …

Caries And Restoration Detection Using Bitewing Film Based On Transfer Learning With Cnns, Yi-Cheng Mao, Tsung-Yi Chen, He-Sheng Jhou, Szu-Yin Lin, Sheng-Yu Liu, Yu-An Chen, Yu-Lin Liu, Chiung-An Chen, Yen-Cheng Huang, Shih-Lun Chen, Chun-Wei Li, Patricia Angela R. Abu, Wei-Yuan Chiang

Department of Information Systems & Computer Science Faculty Publications

Caries is a dental disease caused by bacterial infection. If the cause of the caries is detected early; the treatment will be relatively easy; which in turn prevents caries from spreading. The current common procedure of dentists is to first perform radiographic examination on the patient and mark the lesions manually. However; the work of judging lesions and markings requires professional experience and is very time-consuming and repetitive. Taking advantage of the rapid development of artificial intelligence imaging research and technical methods will help dentists make accurate markings and improve medical treatments. It can also shorten the judgment time of …

Nanoparticles For Targeted Drug Delivery To Cancer Stem Cells: A Review Of Recent Advances, Yavuz Nuri Ertas, Keyvan Abedu Dorcheh, Ali Akbari, Esmaiel Jabbari

Faculty Publications

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cells that can initiate, self-renew, and sustain tumor growth. CSCs are responsible for tumor metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance in cancer therapy. CSCs reside within a niche maintained by multiple unique factors in the microenvironment. These factors include hypoxia, excessive levels of angiogenesis, a change of mitochondrial activity from aerobic aspiration to aerobic glycolysis, an upregulated expression of CSC biomarkers and stem cell signaling, and an elevated synthesis of the cytochromes P450 family of enzymes responsible for drug clearance. Antibodies and ligands targeting the unique factors that maintain the niche are utilized …

Differing Effects Of Four Building Materials On Viable Bacterial Communities And Vocs, Gwynne Á. Mhuireach, Leslie Dietz, Willem Griffiths, Patrick Finn Horve, Aurélie Laguerre, Dale Northcutt, Roo Vandegrift, Elliott T. Gall, Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Indoor environmental quality is a paramount concern among architects. Exposure to VOCs and microorganisms impacts occupant health, yet the role of materials on these exposures remains poorly understood. In this study, we placed four material types in individual microcosms to test whether material type influences bacterial community structure and VOC emission. We used culture-independent methods to characterize bacterial communities and TD-GC-MS to measure VOC emission. We found that viable bacterial communities had different patterns of abundance, diversity, and composition, in comparison with total (viable plus dead cells) bacterial communities. Examining viable bacteria only, Earth had the highest abundance and diversity, …

Microscopic Traffic Simulation As A Decision Support System For Road Diet And Tactical Urbanism Strategies, Bernice Liu, Amirarsalan Mehrara Molan, Anurag Pande, Jonathan Howard, Serena Alexander, Zhiliang Lou

Faculty and Student Publications

Urban street networks in the United States have been primarily designed for automobile traffic with negligible considerations to non-motorized transportation users. Due to environmental issues and quality of life concerns, communities are reclaiming street spaces for active modes and slowing the speeds in their downtown. Moreover, tactical urbanism, i.e., the use of street space for innovative purposes other than moving automobile traffic, is becoming attractive due to reduced automobile travel demand and the need for outdoor activities in the age of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study provides details of the modeling of an urban downtown network (in the City of …

Modeling, Analysis, And Control Design Of A Single-Stage Boost Inverter, Md Rasheduzzaman, Poria Fajri, Jonathan W. Kimball, Brad Deken

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A single-phase, single-stage, differential boost inverter comprises two independently-controlled boost DC-DC converters, with the load connected between their outputs. The net voltage on the load is sinusoidal and has a controllable frequency and magnitude that is larger than that of the DC source. The present work first derives steady-state and small-signal models of the inverter with parasitic elements. The results obtained from the line-to-output transfer function, control-to-output transfer function, open-loop input impedance, and open-loop output impedance models are compared with that of the ones obtained from the experimental testbed. Using the new models, a voltage mode controller is designed in …

Preparation And Characterization Of Single Layer Conducting Polymer Electrochromic And Touchchromic Devices, Sharan Kumar Indrakar

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have triggered great interest because of their potential applicability in energy-efficient buildings and low power display systems, including reflective type smart windows/mirrors and wearable-flexible devices. In the past decades, electrochromic technologies with different device structures and materials have been proposed. The idea of employing a simple device structure with a durable, cost effective electrolyte is crucial to designing and manufacturing high-performance ECDs. With this idea in mind, this thesis describes the various efforts to develop a simple ECD comprising of a composite single active layer gel electrolyte, sandwiched between two transparent conducting electrodes, lasting over 10,000 cycles …

Security Attacks And Defenses In Cyber Systems: From An Ai Perspective, Zhengping Luo

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Security of real-world cyber systems has drawn a lot of attention in recent years, especially when machine learning techniques are widely deployed into different layers of cyber systems. With the technology of machine learning, especially adversarial machine learning techniques, the attacks and defenses in cyber systems have shown a lot of new characteristics. In this dissertation, two major works regarding the attacks and defenses in real world cyber systems including dynamic spectrum sensing systems and High Performance Computing (HPC) systems and software systems are discussed.

In the first work, we revisit this security vulnerability of cooperative spectrum sensing as an …

Secure Vlsi Hardware Design Against Intellectual Property (Ip) Theft And Cryptographic Vulnerabilities, Matthew Dean Lewandowski

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Over the last two decades or so, VLSI hardware is increasingly subject to sophisticated attacks on both the supply chain and design fronts. There is no explicit trust that the manufacturers/providers are not producing counterfeit designs or that cryptographic algorithms we know to be secure in software are also secure in hardware. The novelty and key contributions of this work are as follows: 1) a continually refined method for Intellectual Property (IP) Protection that provides an approach for verification of IP ownership, 2) demonstrate how to break the PRESENT-80 cryptographic algorithm with significantly limited resources, and 3) provide a multitude …

Advanced Organic Polymers For The Nanoscale Fabrication Of Fiber-Based Electronics Using The Electrospinning Technique, William Serrano Garcia

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Electrospinning has become one of the most interesting techniques for fabricating nanofibers for multiple applications. The high surface-to-volume ratio nanofibers offer make the perfect structure for filters, sensors, and fiber-based electronics that could lead to a wide range of flexible electronics applications. This technique makes organic semiconducting polymers a promising alternative for single fiber electronics structures. Indeed, a wide variety of structures can be fabricated using electrostatic techniques for polymer manipulation from droplets, fibers, and coaxial structures. Although techniques such as electrospinning led the use of electrostatic forces to generate fibers of a precursor solution, electrospinning requires large enough polymer …

Using Cellular Automata Approach To Optimize The Hydropower Reservoir Operation Of Folsom Dam, Erfan Goharian, Mohammed Azizipour, Samuel Sandoval-Solis, Graham Fogg

Faculty Publications

While hydropower in California is one the main sources of renewable energy, population growth has continuously increased demand for energy. In addition, recent droughts reduced the amount of available water behind the hydropower dams to provide the water head needed to run the turbines in hydropower plants. A more sustainable alternative, instead of developing new infrastructure, is to enhance the daily operation of reservoirs to support hydropower generation. This study suggests a new optimal operation policy for Folsom Reservoir in California and hydropower plants, which maximizes hydropower generation and reduces flood risk. This study demonstrates the application of the cellular …

Healthcare Data Analytics For Predicting Health Outcomes Of Older Adults And Emergency Responses Of Aged Care Facilities, Nazmus Sakib

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The United States (US) is experiencing rapid growth in its older adult population, who may suffer from multiple chronic diseases, injuries, and impairments. To meet with the excess demand without compromising the quality of care for older adults, the current aged care systems, such as nursing home systems, will face unprecedented challenges of healthcare resource shortage with rising costs. Accurate prediction of health outcomes of individual older adults will facilitate the aged care professionals to better prioritize healthcare resources for the most at-risk individuals with more focused care and provide more proactive and individualized treatment and care delivery. In addition, …

Comparing Behavioral Theories To Predict Consumer Interest To Participate In Energy Sharing, Julia Morgan, Casey I. Canfield

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Consumer investment in distributed energy resources (DERs) is increasing the penetration of renewable energy in the grid. In some cases, DERs produce more electricity than needed by the owner and this excess electricity is sold to the utility (e.g., net metering). In contrast, energy sharing allows a facilitator, which may or may not be the utility, to redistribute excess renewable electricity to fellow community members directly. However, little is known about consumer interest in participating in this type of arrangement. This preregistered study uses structural equation modeling to compare two behavioral theories, Value-Belief-Norm and Diffusion of Innovation, to predict consumer …

Reshaping The Landscape Of The Future: Software-Defined Manufacturing, Lei Xu, Lin Chen, Zhimin Gao, Hiram Moya, Weidong Shi

Computer Science Faculty Publications

We describe the concept of software-defined manufacturing, which divides the manufacturing ecosystem into software definition and physical manufacturing layers. Software-defined manufacturing allows better resource sharing and collaboration, and it has the potential to transform the existing manufacturing sector.

Biochar Amended Bioretention Systems For Nutrient And Fecal Indicator Bacteria Removal From Urban And Agricultural Runoffs, Md Yeasir Arif Rahman

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Excessive nitrogen and fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in stormwater runoff from urban areas or dairy farm operations impair water bodies resulting algal blooms, gastrointestinal illness, and economic losses. Recent advancements in stormwater management, including low impact development (LID) techniques, have provided engineers with a variety of tools to use in place of traditional catch basins and retention ponds. One promising LID technology for runoff management is bioretention, which consists of a shallow depression containing engineered porous media and vegetation. Prior studies have shown that modified bioretention systems that include an internal water storage zone (IWSZ) to promote denitrification can improve …

Traveling Wave Solutions For Two Species Competitive Chemotaxis Systems, T. B. Issa, R. B. Salako, W. Shen

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In this paper, we consider two species chemotaxis systems with Lotka–Volterra competition reaction terms. Under appropriate conditions on the parameters in such a system, we establish the existence of traveling wave solutions of the system connecting two spatially homogeneous equilibrium solutions with wave speed greater than some critical number c∗. We also show the non-existence of such traveling waves with speed less than some critical number c∗0 , which is independent of the chemotaxis. Moreover, under suitable hypotheses on the coefficients of the reaction terms, we obtain explicit range for the chemotaxis sensitivity coefficients ensuring c∗ = c∗0 , which …

Application Of Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry To Monitor Surface Deformations Of The Trans-European Transport Network (Ten-T) – A Case Study Of The Motorways Crossing Areas Of Mining Operations In The Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland, Adam Smoliński, Mariusz Stawinoga, Tomasz Pindel

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Underground hard coal mining causes surface deformations. When the mining operations are conducted beneath linear objects, such as motorways, there is a risk of deformations of the axis of the road and its horizontal and vertical alignment (additional bends and vertical curvatures, longitudinal inclinations, deformations of crosssections). In the areas subjected to mining operations, mining plants conduct geodetic monitoring. Due to their labour intensity and costs, geodetic measurements are usually made only a few times a year. The article discusses the possibility of applying Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to monitor the subsidence of the vertical alignment of motorways caused …

Design-Based Research: Students Seeking Co-Op In Refined Educational Model, Dennis Rogalsky, Ron Ulseth

Integrated Engineering Department Publications

This research paper continues a longitudinal implementation of a design-based research (DBR) study/implementation for a new co-op centric educational model. This is a benchmarking study by the university program.

The new model is an adaptation of two recently recognized (by a 2018 MIT report) emerging world-leading engineering educational models, Charles Sturt University (Australia) and Iron Range Engineering (Minnesota). Adapted from Charles Sturt is the co-op model whereby students spend an initial on-campus period and then combine co-op work placements and on-line learning all the way to degree completion. Adapted from Iron Range are the curricular strategies that empower a graduate …

Stream Sediment Monitoring In Morehead Kentucky, Kristopher Krolikowski, Jen O'Keefe

2021 Celebration of Student Scholarship - Oral Presentations

Sediment loads in stream systems play a big role in how overall runoff behaves. Streams naturally transport sediment at various ratios depending on precipitation. When vegetation is removed in upstream environments, sediment loads on streams increase. Sudden increases of sediments in streams can cause many issues, such as flooding or stream re-direction. In Morehead, KY, large-scale logging operations on the ridge above Knapp Avenue and on the ridge above the north end of Allen Avenue have caused increased sediment load in a small stream called Oxley Branch. This stream flows south parallel to Knapp Avenue and along the eastern property …

A Meta-Level Approach For Multilingual Taint Analysis, Damian Lyons, Dino Becaj

Faculty Publications

It is increasingly common for software developers to leverage the features and ease-of-use of different languages in building software systems. Nonetheless, interaction between different languages has proven to be a source of software engineering concerns. Existing static analysis tools handle the software engineering concerns of monolingual software but there is little general work for multilingual systems despite the increasing visibility of these systems. While recent work in this area has greatly extended the scope of multilingual static analysis systems, the focus has still been on a primary, host language interacting with subsidiary, guest language functions. In this paper we propose …

A Half Yearly Newsletter Of Dept . Of Mechatronics V4 S1 [July 2021], Chandrashekhar Bhat Dr

Faculty work

No abstract provided.