Engineering Commons^™

Process Optimization For An Integrated Reverse Osmosis—Pressure Retarded Osmosis Pilot-Scale System Operated On Humboldt Bay, Ca, Galen O'Toole

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is an emerging osmotic power technology that could mitigate the major challenges faced by seawater reverse osmosis desalination (RO): brine disposal and high energy consumption. The primary focus of this paper is process optimization for a linked seawater reverse osmosis (RO) and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) water purification system. PRO generates power by using osmosis to “pump” water through a membrane from low pressure and low concentration to high pressure and high concentration (RO brine). This commercial-scale pilot effort explores process optimization for pressure retarded osmosis as an industrial process rather than theoretical or experimental process. …

In Vivo Metabolic Analysis Of The Anticancer Effects Of Plasma-Activated Saline In Three Tumor Animal Models, Miao Qi, Dehui Xu, Shuai Wang, Bing Li, Sansan Peng, Qiaosong Li, Hao Zhang, Runze Fan, Hai-Lan Chen, Michael G. Kong

Bioelectrics Publications

In recent years, the emerging technology of cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) has grown rapidly along with the many medical applications of cold plasma (e.g., cancer, skin disease, tissue repair, etc.). Plasma-activated liquids (e.g., culture media, water, or normal saline, previously exposed to plasma) are being studied as cancer treatments, and due to their advantages, many researchers prefer plasma-activated liquids as an alternative to CAP in the treatment of cancer. In this study, we showed that plasma-activated-saline (PAS) treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth, as compared with saline, in melanoma, and a low-pH environment had little effect on tumor growth in …

Alcohol Increases Lung Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Expression And Exacerbates Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Spike Protein Subunit 1–Induced Acute Lung Injury In K18-Hace2 Transgenic Mice, Pavel A. Solopov, Ruben Manuel Luciano Colunga Biancatelli, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, alcohol consumption increased markedly. Nearly one in four adults reported drinking more alcohol to cope with stress. Chronic alcohol abuse is now recognized as a factor complicating the course of acute respiratory distress syndrome. and increasing mortality. To investigate the mechanisms behind this interaction, we developed a combined acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic alcohol abuse mouse model by intratracheally instilling the S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S1SP) in K18-human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) transgenic mice that express the human ACE2 receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and are kept on an …

The Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor, At13387, Protects The Alveolo-Capillary Barrier And Prevents Hci-Induced Chronic Lung Injury And Pulmonary Fibrosis, Ruben M.L. Colunga Biancatelli, Pavel Solopov, Christiana Dimitropoulou, Betsy Gregory, Tierney Day, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) exposure causes asthma-like conditions, reactive airways dysfunction syndrome, and pulmonary fibrosis. Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone that regulates multiple cellular processes. HSP90 inhibitors are undergoing clinical trials for cancer and are also being studied in various pre-clinical settings for their anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Here we investigated the ability of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor AT13387 to prevent chronic lung injury induced by exposure to HCl in vivo and its protective role in the endothelial barrier in vitro. We instilled C57Bl/6J mice with 0.1N HCl (2 µL/g body weight, intratracheally) and …

Flexible Battery-Less Wireless Glucose Monitoring System, Saikat Banerjee, Gymama Slaughter

Bioelectrics Publications

In this work, a low power microcontroller-based near field communication (NFC) interfaced with a flexible abiotic glucose hybrid fuel cell is designed to function as a battery-less glucose sensor. The abiotic glucose fuel cell is fabricated by depositing colloidal platinum (co–Pt) on the anodic region and silver oxide nanoparticles-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Ag₂O-MWCNTs) composite on the cathodic region. The electrochemical behavior is characterized using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. This glucose hybrid fuel cell generated an open circuit voltage of 0.46 V, short circuit current density of 0.444 mA/cm2, and maximum power density of 0.062 mW/cm² at 0.26 V …

The Paradox Of Pulmonary Vascular Resistance: Restoration Of Pulmonary Capillary Recruitment As A Sine Qua Non For True Therapeutic Success In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, David Langleben, Stylianos E. Orfanos, Benjamin D. Fox, Nathan Messas, Michele Giovinazzo, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

Exercise-induced increases in pulmonary blood flow normally increase pulmonary arterial pressure only minimally, largely due to a reserve of pulmonary capillaries that are available for recruitment to carry the flow. In pulmonary arterial hypertension, due to precapillary arteriolar obstruction, such recruitment is greatly reduced. In exercising pulmonary arterial hypertension patients, pulmonary arterial pressure remains high and may even increase further. Current pulmonary arterial hypertension therapies, acting principally as vasodilators, decrease calculated pulmonary vascular resistance by increasing pulmonary blood flow but have a minimal effect in lowering pulmonary arterial pressure and do not restore significant capillary recruitment. Novel pulmonary arterial hypertension …

In Vitro And In Vivo Correlation Of Skin And Cellular Responses To Nucleic Acid Delivery, M. Bosnjak, K. Znidar, A. Sales Conniff, T. Jesenko, B. Markelc, Nina Semenova, J. Tur, K. Kohena, S. Kranjc Brezar, L. Heller, M. Cemazar

Bioelectrics Publications

Skin, the largest organ in the body, provides a passive physical barrier against infection and contains elements of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Skin consists of various cells, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and immune cells. This diversity of cell types could be important to gene therapies because DNA transfection could elicit different responses in different cell types. Previously, we observed the upregulation and activation of cytosolic DNA sensing pathways in several non-tumor and tumor cell types as well in tumors after the electroporation (electrotransfer) of plasmid DNA (pDNA). Based on this research and the innate immunogenicity of …

Recent Advances In Biosensors For Detection Of Covid-19 And Other Viruses, Shobhit K. Patel, Jaymit Surve, Juveriya Parmar, Kawsar Ahmed, Francis M. Bui, Fahad Ahmed Al-Zahrani

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

This century has introduced very deadly, dangerous, and infectious diseases to humankind such as the influenza virus, Ebola virus, Zika virus, and the most infectious SARS-CoV-2 commonly known as COVID-19 and have caused epidemics and pandemics across the globe. For some of these diseases, proper medications, and vaccinations are missing and the early detection of these viruses will be critical to saving the patients. And even the vaccines are available for COVID-19, the new variants of COVID-19 such as Delta, and Omicron are spreading at large. The available virus detection techniques take a long time, are costly, and complex and …

The Toyota Production System (Tps) In A Non-Traditional Manufacturing Environment: The Role Of Standardization In The Fast-Food Industry, Kevin Mccracken

Theses and Dissertations--Manufacturing Systems Engineering

The Toyota Production System (TPS), also known as Lean Manufacturing (LM), was founded in the automotive industry and has contributed to Toyota’s decades of success. This has brought much attention to TPS and how this system may be implemented in other industries. Focusing on the TPS foundational element of standardization, this study examines the impact of target cycle time (TCT) on process fluctuation in a fast-food environment. In order to observe the effects of TCT, team members within 3 production lines were timed. Times were measured before and after the addition of a TCT to the Standardized Work (STW) in …

Stochastic Battery Soc Model Of Ev Community For V2g Operations Using Cta-2045 Standards, Huangjie Gong, Rosemary E. Alden, Dan Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

An electric vehicle (EV) battery has large energy storage capacity in the context of residential total usage, and the potential to provide large energy reserves for Home energy Management (HEM) systems. In an electric distribution system, groups of EVs could provide vehicle-to-grid (V2G) service in response to control signals and enable virtual power plant (VPP) operation of the car batteries. The CTA-2045 standards were considered for integration of the EV controls into the HEM system for maximal interoperability with other appliances, such as residential battery, electric water heater, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The power distribution system …

Airflow Impact Upon Remote Laser Welding Quality, Baixuan Yang

Mechanical Engineering Research Theses and Dissertations

Laser induced plasma-plume and condensed particles attenuate the laser beam energy, resulting in keyhole instability and lacking penetration. There are various airflow devices that are currently used in both industrial and laboratory laser welding settings to suppress the detrimental effect of plasma plume and hot spatters. A systematic experimental and numerical study is presented in this dissertation that investigates different external airflow effects on the remote laser welding process used in automotive manufacturing applications.

The vertical airflow impact on the remote laser welding was first studied experimentally. The airflow velocity profiles of a coaxial vertical flow device were measured using …

An Experimental Study Of Fuel Selection For A Gasoline Multi-Mode, Spark Ignited – Compression Ignition Engine, Zachary J. Stanchina

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

In this study of fuels of different reactivities and their performance in a low-temperature combustion (LTC) engine. The engine was a 2.2L CRDI engine code D4HB provided by industry partner Hyundai America Technical Center inc. (HATCI). The engine was instrumented with in-cylinder pressure sensors allowing for monitoring of the combustion process.

First, the engine was operated with standard US pump grade gasoline, Research Octane number (RON) 91 E10, to find initial operation conditions as well as control points of stable operation for daily checks on system conditions.

Tested were 8 different fuel blends, the four base blends were provided by …

Comprehensive Evaluation Of Novel Medium-Temperature And High-Temperature Resistant Re-Crosslinkable Preformed Particle Gels For Conformance Control, Zhanmiao Zhai

Masters Theses

"Gel treatment has been widely used to control excessive water production and improve oil recovery in mature oilfields. In comparison to traditional preformed particle gel (PPG), re-cross linkable preformed particle gel (RPPG) has a significant advantage in treating abnormal features such as open fractures, fracture-like channels, and void space conduits (VSC). This research provides a comprehensive evaluation of two novel RPPG products developed in our lab: medium-temperature resistant RPPG (MT-RPPG) for a Middle East reservoir and a high-temperature resistant RPPG (HT-RPPG) for North Sea reservoirs (130 ^oC).

We assessed the effect of the monomer types and concentration, pH, salinity, …

Molten Steel Interactions With Tundish Linings And Refractory Glazes, Tyler Michael Richards

Doctoral Dissertations

"In the final stages of casting, molten steel is in contact with two main types of refractories: the working lining of the tundish used to serve as an intermediate vessel between the ladle and copper mold, and the various glazed carbon-bearing refractories used to control the flow of steel from the ladle to the tundish and from the tundish to the mold. If steel interacts with these refractories in such a way as to result in the formation of inclusions, it may be too late to remove them, leading to degradation of the steel’s mechanical properties. Understanding these interactions and …

Modeling Iot Solutions: A Lack Of Iot Device Security, And User Education, Benjamin Newlin

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

The Internet of Things, more commonly known as IoT devices, is an ever growing topic, both in the marketplace and in cyber security. While new devices are released into the public every year, a lack of standardized security concepts is also growing ever so clear. By having a model or standard for IoT devices and manufacturers to follow, the customer-base of these devices will have an easier time identifying trustworthy devices as well as how to secure their own devices.

Numerical Assessment Of Post-Tensioned Slabs Due To Seismic Column Collapse, Mariam Ehab, Aya Elhozayen

Civil Engineering

In our recent catastrophes, Progressive collapse become an essential behavior that should be researched widely and to be considered by engineers through the design process. The main vertical loss can be caused by different reasons, either blast due to terrorist attack, failure of columns due to extreme earthquake application, or finally, losing a structural element due to high impact resulted from a vehicle or any other moving object. Losing main vertical element due to extreme earthquake excitation is an important and repeated occurrence, However, it didn’t take much attention in progressive collapse recent studies. Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) and General …

The Breakup Of Rp-2 Liquid Fuel Droplets In A Detonation Field, Daniel Dyson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Experimentally obtained droplet breakup patterns are presented for RP-2 liquid fuel droplets in the environment behind a detonation wave. To the best of our knowledge, this data is the first of its kind to examine the fundamental interactions between detonation waves and an individual fuel droplet. The experiments presented here are expected to support the ongoing effort of creating accurate models of droplet breakup in a variety of environments, which in turn will lead to enhanced predictions of rotating detonation engine performance, improved safety considerations for facilities operating in hazardous conditions, and new knowledge in energetics, hypersonics, and explosion dynamics …

Challenges Of Constructing Entrainment Map For Arbitrary Circadian Models, Yuxuan (Nelson) Wu

Honors Theses

The entrainment map, developed by Dr.Diekman and Dr.Bose, is claimed to be a 1-dimensional map that produces a better prediction for phase-locking than methods than the phase response curve for circadian models. In his paper, he constructs the entrainment map for the two-dimensional circadian model, the Novak-Tyson model, and the other two higher-dimensional circadian models. For this thesis, we concentrate on exploring if it is viable to construct the entrainment map for other circadian models that are not included in his paper: the Becker-Weimann model and the Relogio model. In addition, we discuss the challenges of constructing the entrainment map …

The Aquatic Particle Number Quandry, Alexander B. Bochdansky, Huanqing Huang, Maureen H. Conte

OES Faculty Publications

Optical surveys of aquatic particles and their particle size spectra have become important tools in studies of light propagation in water, classification of water masses, and the dynamics of trophic interactions affecting particle aggregation and flux. Here, we demonstrate that typical settings used in image analysis vastly underestimate particle numbers due to the particle – gel continuum. Applying a wide range of threshold values to change the sensitivity of our detection system, we show that macrogels cannot be separated from more dense particles, and that a true particle number per volume cannot be ascertained; only relative numbers in relation to …

Ooi Biogeochemical Sensor Data: Best Practices And User Guide. Version 1.0.0., Hilary I. Palevsky, Sophie Clayton, Dariia Atamanchuk, Roman Battisti, Jennifer Batryn, Annie Bourbonnais, Ellen M. Briggs, Filipa Carvalho, Alison P. Chase, Rachel Eveleth, Rob Fatland, Kristen E. Fogaren, Jonathan Peter Fram, Susan E. Hartman, Isabela Le Bras, Cara C.M. Manning, Joseph A. Needoba, Merrie Beth Neely, Hilde Oliver, Andrew C. Reed, Jennie E. Rheuban, Christina Schallenberg, Michael F. Vardaro, Ian Walsh, Christopher Wingard

OES Faculty Publications

The OOI Biogeochemical Sensor Data Best Practices and User Guide is intended to provide current and prospective users of data generated by biogeochemical sensors deployed on the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) arrays with the information and guidance needed for them to ensure that the data is science-ready. This guide is aimed at researchers with an interest or some experience in ocean biogeochemical processes. We expect that users of this guide will have some background in oceanography, however we do not assume any prior experience working with biogeochemical sensors or their data. While initially envisioned as a “cookbook” for end users …

Model-Based Systems Engineering For A Small-Lift Launch Facility, Walter Mcgee Taraila, Sharanabasaweshwara Asundi

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

A study of model‐based systems engineering (MBSE) applied to a small‐lift launch facility is presented. The research uses Systems Modeling Language (SysML) products and functional diagrams to document the ground systems on a launch pad servicing a small class payload (0–2 tons). With the projected growth in launch cadence of small‐lift rockets in the coming decade, there is a need to design increasingly complex launch systems with greater efficiency. The potential improvements in project communication, quality, and productivity are explored by developing a model following the ISO/IEC 15288 technical process framework and the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE) Object‐Oriented …

ผลของชนิดกรดที่มีต่อระยะเวลาเข้าสู่สมดุลของการผลิตและการเจือจางกรดเปอร์อะซีติก, ธนาภรณ์ จอกลอย

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้ทำการศึกษาผลของชนิดและความเข้มข้นกรดที่มีต่อระยะเวลาเข้าสู่สมดุลของการผลิตและการเจือจางกรดเปอร์อะซีติก โดยกรดที่นำมาศึกษามีจำนวน 3 ชนิด ได้แก่ กรดไฮโดรคลอริก (HCl), กรดฟอสฟอริก (H3PO4) และกรดซัลฟิวริก (H2SO4) ที่ความเข้นข้น 0.05 และ 0.1 M โดยการทำปฏิกิริยาจะทำที่อุณหภูมิห้อง และติดตามการเปลี่ยนแปลงของกรดทั้งหมดในปฏิกิริยาโดยการไทเทรตด้วยเครื่อง Auto Titrator ด้วยสารละลายโซเดียมไฮดรอกไซด์ และหาปริมาณของไฮโดรเจนเปอร์ออกไซด์ที่เหลือโดยการไทเทรตกับสารละลายโพแทสเซียมเปอร์แมงกาเนต จากผลการทดลองพบว่าการมีกรดในปฏิกิริยาสามารถเร่งปฏิกิริยาให้เข้าสู่สมดุลได้เร็วขึ้น ยกเว้นกรดไฮโดรคลอริกที่ไปเร่งการสลายตัวของไฮโดรเจนเปอร์ออกไซด์ จนทำให้ปฏิกิริยาแทบไม่เกิด และในส่วนของการเจือจางกรดเปอร์อะซีติกก่อนการใช้งาน พบว่าหลังจากเจือจางแล้วควรใช้ทันทีภายใน 1 วัน

Synthesis Of Iron Phosphide Catalyst On Nanoporous Carbon Derived From Vinasse Waste For Green Diesel Production, Phetcharat Nenyoo

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Nanoporous carbon was successfully synthesized from vinasse waste, using pyrolysis carbonization and potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation. The nanoporous carbon (NPC) exhibited a maximum surface area of 1,018 m2/g and was used as a catalyst support for the conversion of palm oil into green diesel fuel. The NPC consolidated with well-dispersed iron phosphide (FeP) particle, was synthesized by simple wet impregnation. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized FeP/NPC catalyst were evaluated by various techniques including XRD, nitrogen sorption, and TEM with EDS mapping. The effect of deoxygenation reaction temperatures of 280-360 °C was studied in the palm oil conversion. The FeP/NPC …

Comparison Of Sensitivity On Operation Condition Of Fe2o3/Sio2 And V2o5/Tio2 Catalysts In The Selective Oxidation Of Hydrogen Sulfide To Sulfur, Artittaya Suksri

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Currently, hydrogen sulfide removal through selective oxidation of H2S has attracted significant attention due to the direct converting of hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur. This research aims to investigate and compare the effects of different reaction conditions, including temperature, O2/H2S ratios, and moisture content, on the catalytic performance of Fe2O3/SiO2 and V2O5/TiO2 catalysts. The study focuses on evaluating the catalysts' response to changes in temperature, O2/H2S ratios, and moisture content, and their impact on the catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability. The catalysts to be tested are iron oxide-supported silica prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method and vanadium oxide-supported titania …

Stimuli-Responsive Chitosan-Based Hydrogels For Antibiotic Delivery, Tu Tran Vo Minh

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aims to investigate hydrogels fabricated via green approaches for drug delivery application. Biocompatible polymer-based drug delivery systems (DDS) have gained popularity in recent years because of their ability to improve the efficacy and safety of drug delivery by providing targeted and sustained release of drugs to reduce the frequency of dosing, making it more convenient for patients. Chitosan is one of the polymers commonly used for this purpose due to their higher water retention and porosity, which create space for loading medicine into the matrix. However, the potential utilization of endogenous and exogenous stimuli controlling drug release still …

Assessment Of Hydrogen Adoption Readiness In Energy Sector Using Indicator-Based Analysis, Patcharee Penchan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Global environmental concerns have led countries like Japan and Thailand to seek alternative energy sources to meet environmental goals and country agenda. Hydrogen has been added to the energy agenda as a way to address the energy challenges and shape the country's future profile. This study analyzes the readiness of Japan and Thailand to adopt hydrogen energy technology by comparing indicators. Japan experienced in developing hydrogen energy projects, while Thailand is exploring the technology's potential. The research proposes a hydrogen-related indicator framework to evaluate a country's energy system in Japan and Thailand case. The study aims to identify indicators to …

Strengthening Of Reinforced Concrete Members With Lap Splices Using Steel Collars, Aji Ejaz

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Bond splitting failure of substandard lap splices have caused extensive damage to many structures during earthquakes. Existing methods to strengthen substandard lap splices primarily involve wrapping the substandard lap spliced regions with jackets possessing mainly in-plane stiffness. Hence, the efficiency of such techniques is compromised due to the lateral bulging of concrete and flexural bending of jackets. This study investigated hollow steel section (HSS) collars which offer axial and flexural stiffness in mitigating splitting failures associated with lap splices not conforming to current design codes. Three lap splice lengths, mainly 20, 28, and 35 times the bar diameter (db) were …

Computational Modeling Of Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation Coupled With Hydrogen Production In A Photoelectrochemical Reactor, Thorfhan Hanamorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells, hydrogen production at the cathode must be coupled with the oxidation reaction at the anode. Selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde is an attractive alternative pathway due to its lower overpotential than the traditional oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this work, simulation of selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde paired with hydrogen production in 2 chambers of 2-dimensional PEC reactor was studied using COMSOL Multiphysics (5.6). Charge transport and electrochemical kinetics were simulated using Nernst Planck’s and Butler Volmer's equations, respectively. The results have showed that hydrogen and benzaldehyde concentrations on electrode surfaces increased …

การสร้างภาพสามมิติของกระดูกต้นขาที่แตกหักจากภาพถ่ายรังสีสองมุมมองด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้เชิงลึก, ดนุพงษ์ บุตรทองคำ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ภาวะกระดูกต้นขาส่วนปลายหักนั้นเป็นภาวะบาดเจ็บที่ค่อนข้างรุนแรง มีสาเหตุจากการบาดเจ็บทั้งภาวะบาดเจ็บจากอุบัติเหตุและการหักผ่านรอยโรค การวินิจฉัยและการวางแผนการผ่าตัดเป็นขบวนการที่สำคัญในการรักษา ซึ่งต้องพึ่งพาการถ่ายภาพรังสีเอกซเรย์และเอกซเรย์คอมพิวเตอร์ อย่างไรก็ตามการถ่ายภาพรังสีเอกซเรย์คอมพิวเตอร์นั้นมีค่าใช้จ่ายมาก ปริมาณรังสีสูง และใช้ระยะเวลาในการถ่ายภาพยาวนานกว่าการถ่ายภาพเอกซเรย์ ดังนั้นการสร้างภาพสามมิติของกระดูกต้นขาที่แตกหักจากถ่ายภาพรังสีเอกซเรย์จึงเป็นที่ต้องการและเป็นโจทย์ปัญหาที่ยังไม่ได้รับการแก้ไข อีกทั้งยังขาดแคลนข้อมูลในการวิจัย งานวิจัยนี้จึงนำเสนอโมเดลสร้างภาพสามมิติของกระดูกต้นขาส่วนปลายที่แตกหักจากภาพถ่ายรังสีสองมุมมอง เพื่อเพิ่มมโนภาพการมองเห็นแบบสามมิติใช้สำหรับการวินิจฉัยและการวางแผนการผ่าตัด โมเดลการสร้างภาพสามมิติได้ประยุกต์ใช้การเรียนรู้เชิงลึกซึ่งเป็นโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมคอนโวลูชันแบบพีระมิด คลาสช่วยฝึกสอนเป็นตัวแทนของบริเวณกระดูกที่แตกหักช่วยสนับสนุนการเรียนรู้รายละเอียดการรอยแตกหักของโมเดล เนื่องจากตัวอย่างภาพสำหรับฝึกสอนมีไม่เพียงพอ เทคนิคตัวอย่างฝึกสอนที่แตกหักจึงถูกพัฒนาขึ้นเพื่อขยายขนาดตัวอย่างสำหรับฝึกสอนและเพื่อเพิ่มความแม่นยำของผลลัพธ์ นอกจากนี้โมดูลสำหรับผสมคุณสมบัติตามแนวแกนจึงถูกพัฒนาขึ้นภายในโมเดลเพื่อเอาชนะปัญหาความคลาดเคลื่อนเชิงมุมระหว่างภาพถ่ายรังสี โมเดลที่นำเสนอสามารถทำงานกับชุดข้อมูลที่มีคลาดเคลื่อนเชิงมุมระหว่างภาพถ่ายรังสีได้ถึง 10 องศา โดยมีค่า mIoU ที่ 0.827±0.083SD. และ mASSD มีค่า 1.043±0.481SD. โมเดลที่นำเสนอให้รูปทรงกระดูกต้นขาและรายละเอียดของรอยแตกหักที่แม่นยำใกล้เคียงกับความเป็นจริง

การศึกษาการเปรียบเทียบความต้านทานต่อการโจมตีของกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิกของภาชนะบรรจุที่ทำจาก แก้วไพเร็กซ์, พอลิเอทิลีนความหนาแน่นสูง และพอลิโพรพิลีน, นลพรรณ หน่อนิล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้ทำการศึกษาเปรียบเทียบความต้านทานต่อการโจมตีของกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิกของวัสดุ 3 ชนิดได้แก่ แก้วไพเร็กซ์, พอลิเอทิลีนความหนาแน่นสูง และพอลิโพรพิลีน การทดลองเริ่มด้วยการเตรียมสารละลายกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิกโดยมีอัตราส่วนโดยโมลระหว่างกรดฟอร์มิกและไฮโดรเจนเปอร์ออกไซด์ที่แตกต่างกัน 3 อัตราส่วนได้แก่ 1:0.8, 1:1.6 และ 1:3.2 จากนั้นทำการแบ่งสารละลายที่เตรียมขึ้นออกเป็น 3 ส่วนแยกบรรจุในภาชนะที่ทำจาก แก้วไพเร็กซ์, พอลิเอทิลีนความหนาแน่นสูง และพอลิโพรพิลีน สารตัวอย่างถูกเก็บไว้ที่อุณหภูมิห้องและทำการวัดความเข้มข้นของ กรดฟอร์มิกและกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิกด้วยการไทเทรตกับสารละลายมาตรฐานโซเดียมไฮดรอกไซด์ วัดความเข้มข้นของไฮโดรเจนเปอร์ออกไซด์ด้วยการไเทรตกับสารละลายมาตรฐานโพแตสเซียมเปอร์แมงกาเนต ผลการทดลองพบว่าอัตราส่วนโดยโมลที่แตกต่างกัน ซึ่งส่งผลต่อความเข้มข้นของกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิกที่เกิดขึ้นที่แตกต่างกัน ทำให้เห็นผลของการโจมตีของกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิกที่แตกต่างกัน โดยลำดับความต้านทานต่อการโจมตีของกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิกเรียงลำดับดังนี้คือ พอลิโพรพิลีน < พอลิเอทิลีนความหนาแน่นสูง < แก้วไพเร็กซ์