Engineering Commons^™

Me-Em Enewsbrief, December 2022, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering eNewsBrief

No abstract provided.

Local Il-10 Delivery Modulates The Immune Response And Enhances Repair Of Volumetric Muscle Loss Muscle Injury, Tai Huynh, Cassandra Reed, Zain Blackwell, Peyton Phelps, Luis Carlos Pinzon-Herrera, Jorge Almodovar, David A. Zaharoff, Jeffery Wolchok

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that in addition to repairing the architectural and cellular cues via regenerative medicine, the delivery of immune cues (immunotherapy) may be needed to enhance regeneration following volumetric muscle loss (VML) injury. We identified IL-10 signaling as a promising immunotherapeutic target. To explore the impact of targeting IL-10 signaling, tibialis anterior (TA) VML injuries were created and then treated in rats using autologous minced muscle (MM). Animals received either recombinant rat IL-10 or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) controls injections at the site of VML repair beginning 7 days post injury (DPI) and continuing …

Stand-Up Comedy Visualized, Berna Yenidogan

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Stand-up comedy has become an increasingly popular form of comedy in the recent years and comedians reach audiences beyond the halls they are performing through streaming services, podcasts and social media. While comedic performances are typically judged by how 'funny' they are, which could be proxied by the frequency and intensity of laughs through the performance, comedians also explore untapped social issues and provoke conversation, especially in this age where interaction with artists goes beyond their act. It is easy to see commonalities in the topics addressed in comedians’ work such as relationships, race and politics.This project provides an interactive …

A Computational Offloading Optimization Scheme Based On Deep Reinforcement Learning In Perceptual Network, Yongli Xing, Tao Ye, Sami Ullah, Muhammad Waqas, Hisham Alasmary, Zihui Liu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Currently, the deep integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and edge computing has improved the computing capability of the IoT perception layer. Existing offloading techniques for edge computing suffer from the single problem of solidifying offloading policies. Based on this, combined with the characteristics of deep reinforcement learning, this paper investigates a computation offloading optimization scheme for the perception layer. The algorithm can adaptively adjust the computational task offloading policy of IoT terminals according to the network changes in the perception layer. Experiments show that the algorithm effectively improves the operational efficiency of the IoT perceptual layer and reduces …

Prediction Models Of Shielding Effectiveness Of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Cement-Based Composites Against Electromagnetic Interference, Shilpa Narayanan, Yifan Zhang, Farhad Aslani

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

With the rapid development of communication technology as well as a rapid rise in the usage of electronic devices, a growth of concerns over unintentional electromagnetic interference emitted by these devices has been witnessed. Pioneer researchers have deeply studied the relationship between the shielding effectiveness and a few mixed design parameters for cementitious composites incoporating carbon fibres by conducting physical experiments. This paper, therefore, aims to develop and propose a series of prediction models for the shielding effectiveness of cementitious composites involving carbon fibres using frequency and mixed design parameters, such as the water-to-cement ratio, fibre content, sand-to-cement ratio and …

Design And Analysis Of Circular Polarized Two-Port Mimo Antennas With Various Antenna Element Orientations, Fatma Taher, Hussam Al Hamadi, Mohammed S. Alzaidi, Hesham Alhumyani, Dalia H. Elkamchouchi, Yasser H. Elkamshoushy, Mohammad T. Haweel, Mohamed Fathy Abo Sree, Sara Yehia Abdel Fatah

All Works

This article presents the circularly polarized antenna operating over 28 GHz mm-wave applications. The suggested antenna has compact size, simple geometry, wideband, high gain, and offers circular polarization. Afterward, two-port MIMO antenna are designed to get Left Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) and Right-Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP). Four different cases are adopted to construct two-port MIMO antenna of suggested antenna. In case 1, both of the elements are placed parallel to each other; in the second case, the element is parallel but the radiating patch of second antenna element are rotated by 180°. In the third case, the second antenna element …

Ash Aerosol Particle Size Distribution, Composition, And Deposition Behavior While Co-Firing Coal And Steam-Exploded Biomass In A 1.5 Mwth Combustor, Rajarshi Roy, Brian Schooff, Xiaolong Li, Scott Montgomery, Jacob Tuttle, Jost O.L. Wendt, Kingsley Dickson, Brian Iverson, Andrew R. Fry

Faculty Publications

Five different blends of Utah bituminous coal and steam-exploded pine (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 by mass) were fired in a 1.5 MWth combustor. Primary objectives were to understand mineral matter behavior by analyzing aerosol size distribution, aerosol size-segregated composition, ash deposition mass, and ash composition. For particle size < 0.1 μm, pure coal had the lowest aerosol concentration and pure biomass showed the highest (higher nucleation of potassium salts), a trend which reversed for particles >0.1 μm. During pure biomass combustion, aerosol particles >15 μm contained higher mass fractions of potassium (+126%), calcium (+132%), and iron (+115%) and lower fractions of aluminum (−49%) and silicon (−29%) than pure coal. Ash deposition mass decreased with increasing biomass blends. …

District-Scale Surface Temperatures Generated From High-Resolution Longitudinal Thermal Infrared Images, Subin Lin, Vasantha Ramani, Miguel Martin, Pandarasamy Arjunan, Adrian Chong, Filip Biljecki, Marcel Ignatius, Clayton Miller, Clayton Miller

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This paper describes a dataset collected by infrared thermography, a non-contact, non-intrusive technique to acquire data and analyze the built environment in various aspects. While most studies focus on the city and building scales, an observatory installed on a rooftop provides high temporal and spatial resolution observations with dynamic interactions on the district scale. The rooftop infrared thermography observatory with a multi-modal platform capable of assessing a wide range of dynamic processes in urban systems was deployed in Singapore. It was placed on the top of two buildings that overlook the outdoor context of the National University of Singapore campus. …

Heat Transfer In Mini-Channel Heat Exchanger With Smooth And Pin-Fins Surfaces, Mohammed Molham Daadoua

Theses

This research aims to investigate heat transfer of single-phase and two-phase fluids in mini-channel heat exchanger with smooth and pin-fins surfaces. The main goal of the study is to develop a high-performance heat exchanger for thermal management in various processing applications. This research is carried out using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and experimentations. The proposed method is to use enhanced structured pin-fins surfaces in a mini-channel heat exchanger to improve heat transfer. The pin-fin microchannel heat exchanger is investigated using a CFD method with single-phase fluid (water, air). The experimental investigations are conducted using single-phase and two-phase fluid involving …

A Simple Micromilled Microfluidic Impedance Cytometer With Vertical Parallel Electrodes For Cell Viability Analysis, Jason Eades, Julianne F. Audiffred, Micah Fincher, Jin Woo Choi, Steven A. Soper, William Todd Monroe

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Microfluidic impedance cytometry has been demonstrated as an effective platform for single cell analysis, taking advantage of microfabricated features and dielectric cell sensing methods. In this study, we present a simple microfluidic device to improve the sensitivity, accuracy, and throughput of single suspension cell viability analysis using vertical sidewall electrodes fabricated by a widely accessible negative manufacturing method. A microchannel milled through a 75 µm platinum wire, which was embedded into poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA), created a pair of parallel vertical sidewall platinum electrodes. Jurkat cells were interrogated in a custom low-conductivity buffer (1.2 ± 0.04 mS/cm) to reduce current leakage and …

Learning Relation Prototype From Unlabeled Texts For Long-Tail Relation Extraction, Yixin Cao, Jun Kuang, Ming Gao, Aoying Zhou, Yonggang Wen, Tat-Seng Chua

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Relation Extraction (RE) is a vital step to complete Knowledge Graph (KG) by extracting entity relations from texts. However, it usually suffers from the long-tail issue. The training data mainly concentrates on a few types of relations, leading to the lack of sufficient annotations for the remaining types of relations. In this paper, we propose a general approach to learn relation prototypes from unlabeled texts, to facilitate the long-tail relation extraction by transferring knowledge from the relation types with sufficient training data. We learn relation prototypes as an implicit factor between entities, which reflects the meanings of relations as well …

Urban Air Mobility (Uam) Flight Path: Literature Review And Conceptual Design Of Uam Corridor Virtual Lane System Using “Tracks”, Immanuel Bankole

Student Works

As the Urban Air Mobility (UAM) industry grows and becomes more popular, most of the conversations in the public domain are focused on the (electric Vertical Take-off and Landing) eVTOL aircraft and the physical infrastructure that will support these eVTOL aircraft. However, there is a lack of research on UAM traffic management and flight paths taken by aircraft between locations.

The United States (U.S.) Federal Aviation Administration has proposed the use of corridors to minimize the interaction between UAM operations and traditional air traffic as eVTOL aircraft perform flight activities. The government also acknowledges the need for additional structures (such …

Letting Go Of Pilot Stigma: A Commentary On Hubbard (2016), Timothy G. Rosser

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

No abstract provided.

Icao Commentary On Hubbard (2016): Stigma And Pilots With Mental Health Issues, Ansa Jordaan

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

No abstract provided.

Stigma And Pilots With Mental Health Issues, Todd P. Hubbard

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

What makes the stigma surrounding pilots with mental health issues an important issue? Until recently, stigma was of minor concern. There were plenty of pilots without issues. Pilots with weaknesses had their careers cut short, if they let it be known that they had a psychological condition. So the numbers of pilots reporting psychological conditions were few. It was simple. Refrain from telling on yourself and you are allowed to fly. Tell on yourself and you suffer the consequences of stigma and maybe a shortened career. Stigma is similar to bullying. It creates a hostile work environment for those affected. …

Training For Warfighter Decision Making: A Survey Of Simulation-Based Training Technologies, Nina Rothstein

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

Training warfighters requires the establishment, enhancement, and assessment of decision making (DM) skills at various levels. This review seeks to identify DM training technologies at the tactical and operational levels of war. Simulation based training (SBT) provides learning experiences for improved cognitive abilities and retention of complex skills. Here, seven SBTs will be evaluated for their situational awareness (SA) training abilities for decision making. Valuation of the included SBTs examine the modifiability (scenario customization), data availability (physiological and behavioral), assessment methods (feedback and after action reviews), validity (team training), and fidelity (2D or 3D environments) for tactical and operational warfighter …

Integration Of Unmanned Aircraft Systems In Public Higher Education, John Mott, Ardyth M. Williams, Darcy M. Bullock

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

It is estimated that there are over one million unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) that, if operated incorrectly, can pose a significant threat to individuals, property, and other aircraft. Many of these systems are now finding their ways into universities, where they are operated by nonaviation professionals with an overall objective of exploring new research opportunities. While these initiatives hold significant promise for technical advancements, some employ relatively primitive operational and safety protocols. This article reviews FAA rules and reports on a university effort that has developed a formal partnership between an established aviation center utilizing licensed pilots and an engineering …

Comparison Of Three Angle Of Attack (Aoa) Indicators: A Usability Study, Camilo Jimenez, Claas Tido Boesser, Florian Jentsch

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

Angle of Attack is an important aeronautical concept used to understand the aerodynamic performance of an aircraft during different flight stages. The Federal Aviation Administration has indicated the importance of developing and encouraging the use of AOA based systems to increase flight safety. This study examined the usability of three different AOA indicators. The goal was to identify which of these indicators is better suited for student pilot training. Instructor pilots were recruited for a series of flights, in which they were asked to perform different maneuvers while using AOA indicators. The data show significant differences between the indicators with …

Vfr Flight Planning With Paper Charts Versus Electronic Charts, Tyler A. Babb

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

Historically, VFR flight planning has been accomplished using an E6B flight computer, paper chart, and navigation plotter. Pilots have used these tools to determine the course, speed, and fuel required for a particular flight. These conventional tools have been a cornerstone of private pilot training for many years. Many types of flight planning software are currently available with a great range in cost and capability. ForeFlight Mobile™ is one of the most prominent flight software applications in use today. The software provides electronic navigation charts and tools that simplify flight planning for pilots. Distance, speed, and time calculations can be …

An Analysis Of The Effects Of Demographic Variables And Perceptions On The Safety Reporting Behavior In Collegiate Flight Programs, Daniel Kwasi Adjekum, Micah Walala, Julius Keller, Cody Christensen, Randal J. Demik, John P. Young, Gary J. Northam

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

The purposes of this study were to assess the perceptions of respondents on scale items that measure safety culture in collegiate aviation programs in the United States (U.S.) and establish levels of interactions between demographic variables and safety reporting behavior. A convenience sample (n = 259) of flight students inclusive of those who are flight instructors from five collegiate aviation programs in the U.S. responded to scale items adopted from the Collegiate Aviation Perceptions of Safety Culture Assessment Survey (CAPSCAS) online. The highest perception mean score was on Safety Fundamentals (4.2) and the lowest perception mean score was on Safety …

More On Applied Research Categories Pertaining To Aviation, David Trafimow

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

No abstract provided.

Applied Research Categories Within Aviation: A Commentary On Trafimow (2016), Chris Sidor

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

No abstract provided.

The Academic Side Of Applied Aviation Research: A Commentary On Trafimow (2016), Steven Leib

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

No abstract provided.

Rethinking The Value Of Applied Research And Researcher Accountability: A Commentary On Trafimow (2016), Richard O. Fanjoy Ph.D.

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

No abstract provided.

When To Link Theory And Research: A Commentary On Trafimow (2016), John E. Deaton

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

No abstract provided.

A Taxonomy Of Applied Research Categories As An Aid To Research Pertaining To Aviation, David Trafimow

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

Based on the notion that applied research can be theoretically grounded or not theoretically grounded, I suggest that there are roughly four categories within which quality work in this area can fall: basic research, auxiliary assumptions, theory combined with auxiliary assumptions, and research without theory. Although the importance of auxiliary assumptions in traversing the distance between theories and their applications cannot validly be denied, applied researchers, including those in the aviation area, often have ignored them. But auxiliary assumptions play an important role in understanding the four categories that I propose. Finally, I argue that much of the applied research …

Avionics Market Forecasting: Comparing The Performance Of Artificial Neural Networks Forecasting With Traditional Forecasting Techniques, Jason Alexander Hoop, Walter Rodriguez

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

Avionics can be thought of as the nervous system sustaining aircraft operations, and accurate forecasting is critical in predicting system demand. Modeled after their biological counterpart, artificial neural networks (ANNs) maintain the ability to recognize trends in chaotic and nonlinear systems. These models possess the capability to produce more accurate predictions than those of traditional forecasting methods. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of ANNs and detail the use of these techniques as a tool for forecasting in the avionics field. Furthermore, it introduces and examines several commonly used types of predictive ANNs. The performance …

Moving Towards Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration Into The National Airspace System: Evaluating Visual Observers’ Imminent Collision Anticipation During Day, Dusk, And Night Suas Operations, Igor Dolgov

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

An experiment was conducted in an austere desert location (entirely lacking artificial light pollution) to evaluate visual observers’ ability to maintain line of sight with a light-sport manned aircraft and a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS; Raven RQ-11B or Wasp III) and predict imminent collisions between them. We investigated the impact of night and dusk operational settings on observers’ performance as compared to daytime and manipulated the placement of the critical visual observer in relation to the sUAS pilot. Analyses revealed that the light-sport aircraft was identified at significantly farther distances at night and dusk than during the day, and …

General Solution Of The Wind Triangle Problem And The Critical Tailwind Angle, Nihad E. Daidzic Ph.D., Sc.D.

International Journal of Aviation Sciences (IJAS)

A general analytical solution of the navigational wind-triangle problem and the calculation of the critical tailwind angle are presented in this study among other findings. Any crosswind component will effectively create a headwind component on fixed course tracks. The meaning of a route track is lost with excessive crosswinds representing the bifurcation point between the possible and the impossible navigational solutions. Any wind of constant direction and speed will effectively reduce groundspeed and increase time-of-flight on closed-loop multi-segment flights. Effective wind track component consists, in general, of true and induced components. The average groundspeed of multiple-leg flights is a harmonic …

The Effect Of Foam Configuration On The Cushion Performance, Xiaojing Liu, Min Degruson

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

T

This research exhibits the cushion design process for protecting a product during the distribution environment and examines the effect of the final design by ISTA 1A drop tests. Currently, few research on the principles of cushion design in protective packaging has been undertaken. Rare research on cushion configuration and its performance. The study started with proposed several cushions distribute layouts - face pad, edge pad, and corner pad, along one orientation. Samples were tested, analyzed, and compared by static compress and dynamic drop tests. After manufacturing and engineering consideration were involved, two improved cushion configuration designs were applied to …