Engineering Commons^™

Adaptive Load-Aware Elastic Data Reduction And Re-Computation For Adaptive Mesh Refinement, Mengxiao Wang

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

The increasing performance gap between computation and I/O creates huge data management challenges for simulation-based scientific discovery. Data reduction, among others, is deemed to be a promising technique to bridge the gap through reducing the amount of data migrated to persistent storage. However, the reduction performance is still far from what is being demanded from production applications. To this end, we propose a new methodology that aggressively reduces data despite the substantial loss of information, and re-computes the original accuracy on-demand. As a result, our scheme creates an illusion of a fast and large storage medium with the availability of …

Development And Application Of Guided Mode Resonance Biosensor Platforms For Highly Sensitive And Real-Time Cell Killing Assays, Seyedmohsen Vaziri

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

In this work, we developed and investigated the cancer cell killing efficacy of different instances using real-time high-sensitivity measurements facilitated by Guided-Mode Resonance (GMR) sensors. The GMR biosensor technology detects shifts in the spectral peak caused by changes in the refractive index of the surrounding medium, offering a label-free method for monitoring cellular events.

A549 cell line wild type and HER2 knockout (lung cancer cells) were exposed to different concentrations of Triton X-100 and ADC (Herceptin with αHFc-CL-DMDM). The GMR-based cell killing assay demonstrated exceptional sensitivity and specificity, with shifts in wavelength exhibiting a robust correlation with cell viability and …

Li-Ion Battery Resistance During External Short Circuits And Cyclic Ageing, Kaynat Zia

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

External short circuit testing (ESCT) is one of the many steps towards ensuring lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are safe for different applications. The nature of testing is sensitive due to the concern of safety and data integrity. Great care and planning must be done before conducting these tests. Bouncing in recorded data is observed in literatures with high sampling rates due to switching and moving mechanical parts. This impacts the estimation accuracy of battery internal parameter values especially the effective ohmic resistance (Ro). This dissertation proposes a zero bouncing circuit design to eliminate this problem. Multi-rate Pulse Discharge Testing (MPDT) is …

All-Optical Signal Processing With Fiber-Based Parametric Wavelength Converters, Cheng Guo

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The optical signal degradation by optical amplifier noise set the fundamental limit of link reach in the fiber-optics networks. The industrial solution is to use the optical-electrical-optical (OEO) regenerator to clean up the noise at the expense of high-speed electronics and extra cost of laser and photodetectors. All-optical signal processing, enabled by nonlinear optics and optical fiber, intrinsically provides 2-order of magnitude higher processing bandwidth and seamless interface to fiber communication channels. However, there is no robust phase-preserving regenerator that has been experimentally demonstrated without sophisticated polarization tuning and without instable interferometric structure. In this project, we explore the applications …

Analysis Of Noise Sources In Avalanche Region Of Reverse Biased P-N Junctions, Md Sakiul Islam Sudman

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

There is a need to understand the physical mechanisms for excess noise factor (F) in avalanche diodes for all regions of operation. The current classical theory accounts for F only for low carrier multiplication where single carrier injection starts the avalanche process. Our model fits the white noise exhibited by reverse-biased avalanche diodes in the entire operation region of four orders of current magnitude. In this sense, it is a first. The measured noise data was provided by Texas Instruments. We fitted the measured noise components with the calculated noise components where carrier multiplication takes place. The least …

Neural Net Estimation Of Discriminants Posterior Probability Vector, Harshvardhan Harshvardhan

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

Interpreting multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier outputs as posterior probabilities is a well-established practice in machine learning and is supported in the literature. However, several authors point out that MLP outputs are very poor estimates of the posterior probabilities. This is demonstrated for classifiers with and without nonlinear output activation. Achieving this reliability depends on key factors such as model complexity, sufficient training data availability, and optimization techniques' effectiveness. In practice, these requirements are not met, resulting in suboptimal probability estimates. Our approach introduces an innovative method based on the softmax output. The method aim to refine MLP discriminants into more …

Identifying The Job Characteristics Affecting Construction Firm Employee Turnover Intention, Seog Jae Choi

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Researchers have proved that employees who have the intention to quit the organization, called turnover intention, have decreased productivity and may not fulfill their duties properly. The turnover intention has a negative relationship with the quality of core job characteristics of the organization. As the construction industry has distinctive characteristics compared to other industries, the job characteristics that influence turnover intention need to be explored separately. This study identifies job characteristics of the construction industry that can affect turnover intention. Through the literature review, autonomy, task identity, required skill variety, task significance, justification in assigning work location, and job security …

Achieving Project Objectives And Improving Functions: The Benefits Of Ai And Construction Technologies, Fareed Salih, Islam H. El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Construction Industry Is Increasingly Incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) And Construction Technologies Into Projects. However, It Lags Behind Other Industries In Terms Of Digital Transformation. One Of The Reasons For This Disparity Is The Lack Of Evidence-Based Information On AI And Technologies In Construction Projects. Hence, This Research Aims To Comprehensively Understand The Benefits Of AI Techniques And Construction Technologies And Their Role In Achieving Objectives And Improving Functions. To This End, The Authors Followed A Three-Step Research Methodology. Firstly, An Extensive Literature Review Was Conducted To Identify 4 AI Techniques, 13 Construction Technologies, And 28 Benefits Relevant To Their …

Minerrouter : Effective Message Routing Using Contact-Graphs And Location Prediction In Underground Mine, Abhay Goyal, Sanjay Madria, Samuel Frimpong

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Location-based distributed communication in underground mines has been a hard problem to solve due to unreliable centralized architecture such as leaky feeder systems, high attenuation, and the unavailability of GPS signals. Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) enable decentralized message routing using the store-carry-forward method that can help in creating situational awareness needed to handle emergency and disaster scenarios. The ability to predict where the DTN nodes (miner) might have been at/are headed to (with respect to the mine regions and pillars) at different times, combined with contact-based routing and intelligent handling of buffer, can be used for better delivery of messages. …

Energy Harvesting Face Mask Using A Thermoelectric Generator For Powering Wearable Health Monitoring Sensors, Ugur Erturun, Cansu Yalim, James E. West

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

A wearable energy harvester (EH) incorporating a face mask with a thermoelectric generator is demonstrated. The function of this device is to generate electrical power from the heat produced by the human body, particularly breath, with the specific aim of powering wearable sensor applications. A prototype was built using a commercially available N95 face mask, a thermoelectric generator, and a heatsink. The performance of this EH device was assessed using experimental and numerical methodologies. The experimentally tested power output of the prototype was found to be ≈100 µW, with a corresponding power density of ≈30 µW/cm3, for a temperature difference …

Political Prioritization For Digital Health And Health Equity Through Global Health Diplomacy, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Sujatha Alla, Bawa Singh

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

[Introduction] We have found the article "Digital health and health equity: How digital health can address healthcare disparities and improve access to quality care in Africa" published in the recent issue to be very relevant and interesting.¹ Qoseem et al have highlighted that there is a great need for continuous advocacy for strengthening the health systems through telehealth promotion and increasing access to healthcare services to achieve health equity.

Asem 4.0/5.0 - Evolving The Engineering Management Profession Through Industry 4.0/5.0 Collaborative Networks, T. Steven Cotter, Faisal Mahmud, Ziniya Zahedi

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

The American Society for Engineering Management was created and matured under Industry 3.0 automation. The emergence of Industry 4.0 and 5.0 are forcing all organizational sectors to rethink their long-term strategy with respect to emerging horizontal/vertical cyber-physical systems integration. This leaves open the question of the directions in which ASEM should evolve into the 21st century. This paper reports an initial mapping of Industry 4.0 and 5.0 technologies and initiatives as goal-oriented, long-term strategic collaborative networks. The research method began with the Boston Consulting Group nine technologies of Industry 4.0 (2015) and the Industry 5.0 technologies within its human-centric, sustainability, …

Understanding The Link Between Conflict Profiles And Team Affective Outcomes Using Lpa And Nlp Techniques, Francisco Cima, Pilar Pazos-Lago

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Team conflict is a naturally emerging phenomenon resulting from individuals' interactions during project execution. Cross-disciplinary teams can experience higher levels of conflict than single-discipline teams because of the increased diversity of knowledge and perspectives. Research has shown that team conflict can emerge from different types of disagreements (cognitive and interpersonal), which have different implications for team functioning. Past empirical research has focused on the impact of both conflict types independent from each other while overlooking their combined effects. This work examines the conflict profiles resulting from the combined levels of interpersonal and cognitive disagreements and their association with team outcomes. …

The Past And The Promised Future Of Supersonic Flight, Rowan Seskin

Emerging Writers

The commercial aviation industry is extremely competitive, and constant innovation is an essential part of its success. In 1976, the Concorde raised the stakes by more than doubling the cruising speed of existing airliners. However, a handful of issues plagued the aircraft until its eventual retirement in November of 2003. Since then, no airliner has successfully taken its place, but the tides are turning. In my research, I investigated the factors that led to the Concorde's demise and examined the steps currently being taken to overcome those challenges.

Effect Of Admixtures On Rapid Hardening, Self-Consolidating Concrete, Haley Johnson

Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering

Self-consolidating, rapid-hardening concrete is a sought-after product in the market now, however the effects of admixtures on fresh and hardened concrete rheology are still uncertain. This study aims to create a self-consolidating concrete (SCC) using calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement for its rapid-hardening properties, and tests two set time retarders and two viscosity-modifying admixtures (VMAs) to determine how they affect the properties of concrete. The properties studied in this thesis are workability, viscosity, set times, air content, compressive strength, and freeze-thaw resistance of self-consolidating concrete. It was found that tartaric acid creates a very workable SCC with consistent results regardless of …

Quantitative Sustainable Design Of Urban Tree Soil Cells For Stormwater Management, Jamaya Wilson

Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering

Urban trees are critical assets to cities around the world. They act as a green infrastructure system to provide various environmental, economic and social benefits to their surrounding environments. However, the quality of life of urban trees is severely threatened by uncontrolled urbanization and climate change. The compaction of urban soils to meet the structural stability requirements for buildings and pavements directly restricts tree growth. Soil cells are green infrastructure placed in tree wells to transfer active and static loads to pavements. This allows for reduced soil compaction and increased tree root expansion. However, because the technology is still in …

Understanding The Construction Workforce Needs Of The Future: Technology, Skills, Diversity, Bassam Ramadan

Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering

The U.S. construction industry stands at a crossroads. The looming age cliff is about to present its most serious challenges yet, coinciding with a shortage of qualified skilled professionals. As the demands of the construction industry continue to grow, it continues to lack the manpower to meet those demands. In order to meet the rising demands of construction needs in the near future, the construction industry needs to focus on improving workforce performance and productivity, and increasing the size of the construction labor force. Existing research highlights the importance of technological adoption and workforce skills, and that gender and ethnic …

A Learning-Based Framework For Autonomous Robotic Operations In Resource-Denied Environments, Joseph M. Cloud

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Establishing a sustained human presence beyond Earth necessitates the development of autonomous systems capable of extracting and utilizing local resources. On the Moon, in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) is essential to reduce the dependency on Earth-based supplies. Leveraging lunar resources such as water ice for life support and fuel production or regolith for surface construction will enable long-term lunar missions and future deep space exploration. NASA's Artemis program is targeting the lunar south pole (LSP), an area with raw, yet abundant resources available. The harsh environmental conditions present significant challenges for humans operating and installing surface infrastructure. Autonomous robotic systems are …

Web-Based Visualization Of Spatial And Spatio-Temporal Data Using Integrated Datasets, Mohammad Shaito

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Currently, spatial geographic data can be collected for many applications that involve data on the planet earth. These collected data typically have coordinates (x,y), or longitude and latitude in map space, and thus can be located and displayed on maps. Data alone represents facts and has no meaning on its own but becomes meaningful when it is associated with application knowledge, such as elections, crimes, disease, etc. For example, there is no meaning behind those numbers (1, 23, 125, 355, . . .), yet they are data that can gain meaning when correlated with the total number of cases of …

Bringing "Virtual" To "Reality": Enhancing Security And Usability On Vr System And Applications, Huadi Zhu

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

With the rapid advancements in computer science, electronics, optics, and related fields, virtual reality (VR) gradually penetrates into our daily lives, and is predicted to become a core technology in the near future. Despite its potentials, however, existing designs and solutions for VR applications remain at the infant stage, introducing limited usability and efficiency for real-world users. Besides, the increasing prevalence of VR presents new security and privacy threats due to the vast amount of information stored in or accessible through VR devices. To bridge this gap, we exploit and combine techniques from computer science and human biology, as well …

Characterization Of The Kansas River Alluvial Aquifer Using Towed Transient Electromagnetic Geophysical Method, Jonathon Daniel Voss

Masters Theses

"Forecasted urban development areas west of Kansas City, Kansas in the coming decades has caused an increase of research into water resources (Butler et al. 2022). A location of investigation has been the Kansas River Alluvial Aquifer (KRAA) for shallow ground water resources. To investigate the KRAA structure and grain texture, the towed transient electromagnetic system (tTEM) in conjunction with direct push electrical conductivity logs and lithology wells were used to investigate four locations between Lawrence and Manhattan, Kansas. In total, 110 line-kilometers of tTEM data was collected. The tTEM data collected were high quality and through inversions of the …

Dig Limits Optimization Using Binary Integer Linear Programming Method In Open Pit Mines, Hussam Naif Altalhi

Masters Theses

"Dig limits optimization is the process for classifying different materials (e.g., ore, stockpile material, and waste) into appropriately sized contiguous zones for open pit mining. The efficient determination of dig-limits is crucial for profitable and sustainable resource extraction in mining. Previous research has focused on defining dig-limits manually or using optimization approaches, but these methods are limited to only handling two material destinations (ore and waste). Thus, there is a need for operations research methods that consider the selectivity of mining equipment and can optimize dig-limits for metal mining operations with more than two material destinations. Consequently, the objective of …

Validation Of Athlet With Purdue University Multi-Dimensional Integral Test Assembly (Puma) Test, Emin Fatih Ozdem

Masters Theses

"Following the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) disaster, the development of a diagnostic system for emergency situations in a nuclear power plant was identified as an essential research area to strengthen the safety of nuclear power plants. A real-time estimation system of vital safety parameters on the main side of a PWR (Pressurized Water Reactor) facility was investigated since precise post-event scenario estimations are thought to be a crucial component of the diagnostic system. The alarm system of the plant can detect an SB-LOCA (Small Break Loss-Of-Coolant-Accident), but there were a couple of potential long-term transient occurrences. The accident …

High Strain Rate Analysis Of 3d Printed Concrete As Compared To Conventionally Cast Concrete, Weston Mcleod Thomsen

Masters Theses

"3D Printed Concrete (3DPC) is a developing method of construction that has advantages over conventional methods, including formwork reduction, complex geometry, and expedited construction. This technology has potential benefits for the military when considering the austere environments that forward operating bases are built in. This study aims to assess 3DPC applications in protective structures that protect critical assets from explosive blasts. These protective structures experience a high-strain rate response during blast loading of the structure, and the effects of this have yet to be analyzed in the literature concerning 3DPC. With the lack of prior research, the focus here will …

Fiber Assisted Re-Assembly Preformed Particle Gel For Conformance Control, Zhe Sun

Masters Theses

"In Enhanced Oil Recovery technology today, gel treatments have been implemented as a cost-effective method to improve the oil sweep efficiency in reservoirs by plugging the high permeability zones. This study presents a novel gel composition to be used in conformance control in order to improve oil recovery for mature oilfields.

The product is a fiber-assist re-assembly preformed particle gel which could be generalized to the preformed particle gels (PPG). The product developed in this study could be injected into the reservoir act as a conformance control agent by plugging water thief zones and channels in the beginning process. Due …

Investigation Of The Relationships Between Hydraulic, Physical, And Biological Soil Parameters At A Vineyard In Saint James, Missouri, Lyndsey Bennett

Masters Theses

"Soil is a living, dynamic system that performs vital functions such as crop production, organic matter decomposition, and the flow and transport of water. Given the pressures of food and in some locales water security, climate change, and sustainability, farmers, scientists, and other related specialists and stakeholders must have access to understandable soil health indicators as well as the soil hydraulic function parameters to maximize crop growth while maintaining soil health. Although biological and physical soil parameters are different, we aim to evaluate their relationship at the field scale. Hydraulic conductivity in the vadose zone may be especially important, as …

Directed Energy Deposition Processing-Performance Relationship Of Af9628, Mianqing Yang

Masters Theses

"AF9628 low alloy steel is a novel steel known for its low cost, high hardness, and outstanding tensile performance. However, the processing methods of AF9628 have been less studied in the additive manufacturing field. As the balance of hardness and tensile results is closely related to the cooling process during manufacturing process window and its relationship to resultant tensile properties is explored. By using the DED method, specimens of this steel are successfully fabricated, and tensile test results are obtained. The AF9628 steel can be manufactured for tailored properties with the DED process by controlling the cooling method. This work …

High-Pressure Infiltration Process For Additively Manufactured Ceramic Matrix Composites, Samuel Weiler

Masters Theses

"Ceramic matrix composites were developed in order to increase the fracture toughness, thermal shock resistance, and elongation of ceramic materials, while maintaining the very high temperature capabilities of these materials. A renewed focus has been placed on ceramic matrix composites due to the need for materials that maintain good mechanical strength at very high temperatures, for use in the extreme environments encountered by hypersonic vehicles, jet turbine blades, and the like. However, conventional methods to manufacture CMCs are costly and time consuming. The aim of this work is to develop a method for creating additively manufactured ceramic matrix composites using …

Low Finesse Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometer (Efpi) Demodulation For High Temperature Gap Measurements, Abhishek Prakash Hungund

Masters Theses

"In continuous casting steel industries, mold flux is added to provide thermal and chemical insulation for molten steel. The mold flux absorbs detrimental inclusions from the steel and promotes uniform heat distribution to prevent sticking. To promote flux infiltration, mold oscillation is used, but this creates oscillation marks that reduce local shell growth and increase temperatures. Wide (2-3 mm) and deep (0.5-0.9 mm) oscillation marks with areas of 1.1-2.5 mm² are observed, affecting the steel quality, which results in a loss of 6% per billet to the industry. To address this challenge, we propose an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) sensor …

Laboratory Scale Experimental Analysis Of The Effect Of Surfactants On Acid Mist Suppression During Copper Electrowinning, Thurman Kollie Elgin

Masters Theses

"The reduction in acid mist generation is an industrial occupational objective in the electrowinning industry of base metals. The technology of electrowinning as an extractive metallurgical technique of metals proficiently contributed to the recovery of pure base metals. During the process of electrowinning, oxygen bubbles are generated on the anode of the electrowinning cell because of the over potential in the cell due to high voltage. The bubbles formed tend to contain sulfuric acid of the electrolyte in the form of liquid-gas ascending particles of the solution. As these bubbles ascend to the surface of the solution, they burst at …