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Articles 19531 - 19560 of 196433
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Simulation And Optimization Of Permanent Magnet Linear Machine Based On Deep Neural Network, Yan Shiliang, Yinling Wang, Dandan Lu, Xiaoqin Pan
Simulation And Optimization Of Permanent Magnet Linear Machine Based On Deep Neural Network, Yan Shiliang, Yinling Wang, Dandan Lu, Xiaoqin Pan
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The finite element model (FEM) of permanent magnet linear synchronous machines (PMLSMs) takes a long computing time and cannot directly display the relationship between structural parameters and output thrust, thus failing to guide the structural parameter optimization of the machine. An improved simulation model of PMLSMs based on the subdomain analytical method and deep neural network (DNN) algorithm is proposed. The magnetic flux density, no-load counter electromotive force (EMF), and other data are obtained according to Maxwell's equations. The nonlinear relationship between the structural parameters of the machine and output thrust is fitted by the DNN algorithm. Based on …
Formation Strategy Of Hybrid Obstacle Avoidance Algorithm For Multiple Mobile Robots, Fulin Liu, Qingxin Li
Formation Strategy Of Hybrid Obstacle Avoidance Algorithm For Multiple Mobile Robots, Fulin Liu, Qingxin Li
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: For the obstacle avoidance problem of multiple mobile robots in the unknown static obstacle environment, this paper proposed a formation strategy of a hybrid obstacle avoidance algorithm for multiple mobile robots, ensuring that multiple mobile robots do not collide during operation, can maintain the formation to the maximum extent in the unknown static obstacle environment for effective obstacle avoidance, and can reach the designated target point in a short time. Based on the leaderfollower method and artificial potential field (APF) method, the formation strategy divided the robots in the system into the leader robot and the follower robot. According …
Research On Hybrid Experimental Scheme Design For Combat Simulation, Fei Liu, Peng Lai, Yingbo Lu, Min Wang, Zhifeng Lu
Research On Hybrid Experimental Scheme Design For Combat Simulation, Fei Liu, Peng Lai, Yingbo Lu, Min Wang, Zhifeng Lu
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Combat simulation experimental design refers to sampling the values of experimental factors based on baseline combat scenarios using various experimental design methods and then generating a set of experimental schemes for the sequential simulation. The complexity of combat simulation, such as numerous experimental factors and distinct factor types, including continuous and discrete numeric types, poses several challenges and requires efficient hybrid experimental design methods. To address these issues, this paper conducts a study on the hybrid experimental scheme design for combat simulation. This paper gives a brief classification and review of experimental design methods and presents three hybrid experimental …
Intelligent Optimization Of Coal Terminal Unloading Scheduling Based On Improved D3qn Algorithm, Baoxin Qin, Yuxiao Zhang, Sirui Wu, Weichong Cao, Zhan Li
Intelligent Optimization Of Coal Terminal Unloading Scheduling Based On Improved D3qn Algorithm, Baoxin Qin, Yuxiao Zhang, Sirui Wu, Weichong Cao, Zhan Li
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Intelligent decision scheduling can improve the operation efficiency of large ports, which is one of the important research directions for the implementation of artificial intelligence technology in the smart port scenario. This article studies the intelligent unloading scheduling tasks of coal terminals and abstracts them as a Markov sequence decision problem. A deep reinforcement learning model for this problem is established, and an improved D3QN algorithm is proposed to realize intelligent optimization of unloading scheduling decisions by considering the characteristics of high action space dimension and sparse feasible action in the model. The simulation results show that for the …
Path Planning For Improvement Of A* Algorithm And Artificial Potential Field Method, Xiang Yu, Chen Jiang, Sirui Duan, Qianrui Deng
Path Planning For Improvement Of A* Algorithm And Artificial Potential Field Method, Xiang Yu, Chen Jiang, Sirui Duan, Qianrui Deng
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: A* algorithm has the problem of too many polyline paths and search nodes, while the artificial potential field (APF) method has the problems of local optimality and unattainability. These problems are investigated in this paper. A new hybrid heuristic function is proposed based on the Euclidean distance and projection distance, based on which the A* algorithm process is improved accordingly. The search nodes of the A* algorithm are reduced, and the search efficiency is improved. The optimal node generated by the new A* algorithm is used as the local target point of the APF algorithm to assist in getting …
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Remote Patient Monitoring Using Spirometry: A Systematic Review, Joseph Nielson
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Remote Patient Monitoring Using Spirometry: A Systematic Review, Joseph Nielson
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects an estimated 30 million Americans and is the third leading cause of death worldwide. A recent effort to curb deaths and hospitalizations involves remote patient monitoring (RPM). Of all possible monitoring parameters, spirometry presents itself as potentially helpful. Existing RPM studies using spirometry present software systems in early stages of development that have yet to be tested thoroughly in large trials. Further, the array of data elements and software features that should be combined with spirometry for effective COPD RPM and care have yet to be determined. A meta-analysis was performed to determine a …
Using Lean Six Sigma Methodologies To Improve The Patient Experience At A Local Health Center, Marshall S. Butler
Using Lean Six Sigma Methodologies To Improve The Patient Experience At A Local Health Center, Marshall S. Butler
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Lean Six Sigma is a methodology originally designed for a manufacturing context but has process improvement applications that can be used in many fields including medical and business. These tools were applied to addressing issues at a local health center with the aim to help patients receive better medical treatment and have a more positive overall experience. Initial baseline data was collected to identify the core problems patients were experiencing with the health center. Adjustments were made in the survey process to capture more accurate results about the patient experience, which led to the creation of a patient-focused action plan …
Synergistic Preparation And Application In Pcu Of Α‑Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate Whiskers From Phosphogypsum And Electrolytic Manganese Residue, Ting Wang, Xuan Ke, Jia Li, Ying Wang, Weiwei Guan, Xia Sha, Chenjing Yang, Tian Zhang
Synergistic Preparation And Application In Pcu Of Α‑Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate Whiskers From Phosphogypsum And Electrolytic Manganese Residue, Ting Wang, Xuan Ke, Jia Li, Ying Wang, Weiwei Guan, Xia Sha, Chenjing Yang, Tian Zhang
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications
The α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate whiskers (α-CSHWs) were first prepared using phosphogypsum (PG) and electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) as raw materials for coating urea, demonstrating excellent controlled-release properties. The effects of different reaction conditions on α-CSHWs, achieved by optimizing the reaction time, the concentrations of NH4+, Mn2+, and other factors, were discussed. Results showed that when the EMR content was 25 wt%, the reaction temperature was 100 °C, and the reaction time was 3 h, α-CSHWs with a length-to-diameter ratio of 39 were obtained. Through experiments and density functional theory (DFT), the mechanism of α-CSHWs preparation …
Construction Of Surrogate Model Driven By Model And Data, Jing An, Guangya Si, Miaoting Zeng
Construction Of Surrogate Model Driven By Model And Data, Jing An, Guangya Si, Miaoting Zeng
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: By taking the three-dimensional projection action in a certain combat style as the research object, a surrogate model construction method driven by model and data is proposed to support the operational action research, so as to solve the problem that the calculation factors are too much during simulated deduction; the calculation resource cost is too large, and the calculation accuracy of the general analytical model is insufficient. Firstly, an analytical model group of three-dimensional projections with coefficients to be optimized is constructed based on military theory, including weapons and equipment, forces, etc. In addition, the composition and parameter setting …
Effectiveness Evaluation Of Heterogeneous Uav Swarms Based On A Hybrid Model, Yuanjie Lu, Shanshan Long, Hang Zhao, Guoxu Feng, Xiaojia Zhao
Effectiveness Evaluation Of Heterogeneous Uav Swarms Based On A Hybrid Model, Yuanjie Lu, Shanshan Long, Hang Zhao, Guoxu Feng, Xiaojia Zhao
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: This paper presents a hybrid model based on availability dependability capability (ADC) system performance evaluation and back propagation (BP) neural network prediction to realize a rapid performance evaluation of UAV swarms and cope with the diversity of UAV swarm configuration and state and the complexity of performance calculation. By analyzing the components of swarm performance, a capability index system including the general platform capability, system-level capability, and task execution capability of UAVs is established. By using the ADC method, a swarm combat performance sample set is generated, and the BP neural network is used to construct a comprehensive combat …
Parametric Analysis Of Co2 Hydrogenation Via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: A Review Based On Machine Learning For Quantitative Assessment, Jing Hu, Yixao Wang, Xiyue Zhang, Yunshan Wang, Gang Yang, Lufang Shi, Yong Sun
Parametric Analysis Of Co2 Hydrogenation Via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: A Review Based On Machine Learning For Quantitative Assessment, Jing Hu, Yixao Wang, Xiyue Zhang, Yunshan Wang, Gang Yang, Lufang Shi, Yong Sun
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
This review focuses on the parametric impacts upon conversion and selectivity during CO2 hydrogenation via Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis using iron-based catalyst to provide quantitative evaluation. Using all collected data from reported literatures as training dataset via artificial neural networks (ANNs) in TensorFlow, three categorized parameters (namely: operational, catalyst informatic and mass transfer) were deployed to assess their impacts upon conversions (CO2) and selectivity. The lump kinetic power expressions among literature reports were compared, and the best fit model is the one that was proposed by this work without arbitrarily assuming power values of individual partial pressure (CO and H2). More …
Effects Of Unobservable Bus States On Detection And Localization Of False Data Injection Attacks In Smart Grids, Moheb Abdelmalak
Effects Of Unobservable Bus States On Detection And Localization Of False Data Injection Attacks In Smart Grids, Moheb Abdelmalak
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
In an era increasingly marked by sophisticated cyber-attacks, this thesis investigates the critical issue of bus unobservability in smart grids and its impact on the effectiveness of cyber-attack detection and localization models. Given that unobservability is a prevalent challenge in smart grids due to various factors, researchers have developed numerous algorithms for optimal Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) placement under scenarios of limited observability. However, these models primarily focus on enhancing network observability, often without considering whether this placement optimally facilitates attack detection. This research is driven by the hypothesis that a deeper understanding of the effects of unobservable buses can …
Investigating Gulf Coast Aquifer System: Stratigraphy Reconstruction, Inverse Modeling, And Groundwater Stress Assessment, Shuo Yang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The Mississippi Embayment aquifer system (MEAS) and the Coastal Lowlands aquifer system (CLAS) provide substantial groundwater resources for human activities in the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain. However, the overexploitation has led to groundwater depletion in the MEAS and the CLAS, threatening sustainable groundwater use. Such concern highlights the crucial need for an advanced understanding of stratigraphy and groundwater in these aquifer systems, which is essential for effective regional groundwater management. This dissertation presents a comprehensive investigation of MEAS and CLAS in the Louisiana and southwestern Mississippi region, encompassing three fundamental dimensions: stratigraphy reconstruction, groundwater modeling, and groundwater stress assessments. A …
Evaluation Of Infrared Thermography Dataset For Delamination Detection In Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks, Eberechi Ichi, Sattar Dorafshan
Evaluation Of Infrared Thermography Dataset For Delamination Detection In Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks, Eberechi Ichi, Sattar Dorafshan
Civil Engineering Faculty Publications
Structural health monitoring and condition assessment of existing bridge decks is a growing challenge. Conventional manned inspections are costly, labor-intensive, and often risky to execute. Sub-surface delamination, a leading cause of deck replacement, can be autonomously and objectively detected using infrared thermography (IRT) data with developed deep learning AI models to address some of the limitations associated with manned inspection. As one of the most promising classifiers, deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have not been utilized to their fullest potential for delamination detection, arguably due to the scarcity of realistic ground truth datasets. In this study, a common encoder–decoder semantic …
Unmanned Aircraft Systems In Road Assessment: A Novel Approach To The Pavement Condition Index And Vizir Methodologies, Diana Marcela Ortega Rengifo, Jose Capa Salinas, Javier Alexander Perez Caicedo, Manuel Alejandro Rojas Manzano
Unmanned Aircraft Systems In Road Assessment: A Novel Approach To The Pavement Condition Index And Vizir Methodologies, Diana Marcela Ortega Rengifo, Jose Capa Salinas, Javier Alexander Perez Caicedo, Manuel Alejandro Rojas Manzano
Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund
This paper presents an innovative approach to road assessment, focusing on enhancing the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) and Visión Inspection de Zones et Itinéraires Á Risque (VIZIR) methodologies by integrating Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) technology. The research was conducted in an urban setting, utilizing a UAS to capture high-resolution imagery, which was subsequently processed to generate detailed orthomosaics of road surfaces. This study critically analyzed the discrepancies between traditional field measurements and UAS-derived data in pavement condition assessment. The study findings demonstrate that photogrammetry-derived data from UAS offer at least similar or, in some cases, improved information on the collection …
Intelligent Protection Scheme Using Combined Stockwell-Transform And Deep Learning-Based Fault Diagnosis For The Active Distribution System, Latha Maheswari Kandasamy, Kanakaraj Jaganathan
Intelligent Protection Scheme Using Combined Stockwell-Transform And Deep Learning-Based Fault Diagnosis For The Active Distribution System, Latha Maheswari Kandasamy, Kanakaraj Jaganathan
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
This study aims to perform fast fault diagnosis and intelligent protection in an active distribution network (ADN) with high renewable energy penetration. Several time-domain simulations are carried out in EMTP-RV to extract time-synchronized current and voltage data. The Stockwell transform (ST) was used in MATLAB/SIMULINK to preprocess these input datasets to train the adaptive fault diagnosis deep convolutional neural network (AFDDCNN) for fault location identification, fault type identification, and fault phase-detection for different penetration levels. Based on the AFDDCNN output, the intelligent protection scheme (IDOCPS) generates the signal for isolating a faulty section of the ADN. An intelligent fault diagnosis …
Consensus-Based Virtual Leader Tracking Algorithm For Flight Formation Control Of Swarm Uavs, Berat Yıldız, Akif Durdu, Ahmet Kayabaşi
Consensus-Based Virtual Leader Tracking Algorithm For Flight Formation Control Of Swarm Uavs, Berat Yıldız, Akif Durdu, Ahmet Kayabaşi
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Technological developments in industrial areas also impact unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Recent improvements in both software and hardware have significantly increased the use of many UAVs in social and military fields. In particular, the widespread use of these vehicles in social areas such as entertainment, shipping, transportation, and delivery and military areas such as surveillance, tracking, and offensive measures has accelerated the research on swarm systems. This study examined the previous investigations on swarm UAVs and aimed to create a more efficient algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was compared with other leader-based applications. A swarm consisting of 5 …
Cascade Controller Design Via Controller Synthesis For Load Frequency Control Of Electrical Power Systems, Yavuz Güler, Mustafa Nalbantoğlu, Ibrahim Kaya
Cascade Controller Design Via Controller Synthesis For Load Frequency Control Of Electrical Power Systems, Yavuz Güler, Mustafa Nalbantoğlu, Ibrahim Kaya
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The regulation of tie-line electricity flow and frequency of electrical power systems (EPS) is crucial for ensuring their robustness to parameter changes and efficient management of disturbances. To this end, a novel cascade control design approach utilizing a serial Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller with a filter (PIDF) is proposed in this paper. The parameters of the controllers are derived analytically, and it is employed in both loops of the cascade control system to regulate the Load Frequency Control (LFC) of EPS. The implementation of PIDF controllers in both loops is utilized in the cascade control scheme for various power systems featuring different …
Atomic Comagnetometer Gyroscopes For Inertial Navigation Systems: A Review, Murat Salim Karabinaoglu, Bekir Çakir, Mustafa Engin Başoğlu
Atomic Comagnetometer Gyroscopes For Inertial Navigation Systems: A Review, Murat Salim Karabinaoglu, Bekir Çakir, Mustafa Engin Başoğlu
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In recent years, developments in quantum sensing, laser, and atomic sensor technologies have also enabled advancement in the field of quantum navigation. Atomic-based gyroscopes have emerged as one of the most critical atomic sensors in this respect. In this review, a brief technology statement of spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) type atomic comagnetometer gyroscope (CG) is presented. Related studies in the literature have been gathered, and the fundamental compositions of CGs with technical basics are presented. A comparison of SERF and NMR CGs is provided. A basic simulation of SERF CG was carried out because …
Under Pressure: The Soft Robotic Clap-And-Fling Of Cuvierina Atlantica, Daniel Mead
Under Pressure: The Soft Robotic Clap-And-Fling Of Cuvierina Atlantica, Daniel Mead
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Evolution over billions of years has led to unique animals of all types. The tiny sea butterfly is one that remains mostly anonymous because of its size and low place on the food chain, but it is a swimming creature that when examined closely reveals a surprise. Shockingly, it has a swimming motion nearly identical to small insects flying at intermediate Reynolds numbers, referred to as the clap-and-fling. The centimeter long pteropod flapping briskly at 5Hz escapes attention with its size and speed. Modeling the clap-and-fling motion of the sea butterfly at a larger scale allows the benefits and uniqueness …
Nutrient Removal Of Biochar Amended Modified Bioretention Systems Treating Nursery Runoff, Nicholas Richardson
Nutrient Removal Of Biochar Amended Modified Bioretention Systems Treating Nursery Runoff, Nicholas Richardson
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Excess inputs of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, to surface water bodies can lead to the presence of harmful algal blooms (HABs). HABs can damage their surrounding environments and the economies dependent on them. Nutrient pollution can be properly controlled and monitored at point-sources, such as wastewater treatment plants, but is more difficult to control for non-point sources, such as fertilizer runoff. One form of fertilizer runoff that remains overlooked is runoff from plant nurseries. Controlled release fertilizers (CRFs) embedded in plant containers at nurseries can leach excess nutrients into the runoff. For nurseries in Florida, best management practices …
Advanced Hyperthermia Treatment: Optimizing Microwave Energy Focus For Breast Cancer Therapy, Burak Acar, Tuba Yilmaz Abdolsaheb, Ali Yapar
Advanced Hyperthermia Treatment: Optimizing Microwave Energy Focus For Breast Cancer Therapy, Burak Acar, Tuba Yilmaz Abdolsaheb, Ali Yapar
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
This paper presents a fast antenna phase optimization scheme to enable microwave power focusing for breast cancer hyperthermia. The power focusing is achieved through the maximization of the deposited electric field on the target malignant tumor tissue. To do so, a malignant breast tumor, the surrounding breast medium, and the skin of the breast are modeled as a cylindrical structure composed of eccentric cylinders, and electric field distribution is computed analytically in terms of cylindrical harmonics. This approach minimized the computational cost and simplified the breast medium model. To ensure applicability across various breast types, the dielectric properties (DPs) of …
Uncovering And Mitigating Spurious Features In Domain Generalization, Saeed Karimi, Hamdi̇ Di̇bekli̇oğlu
Uncovering And Mitigating Spurious Features In Domain Generalization, Saeed Karimi, Hamdi̇ Di̇bekli̇oğlu
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Domain generalization (DG) techniques strive to attain the ability to generalize to an unfamiliar target domain solely based on training data originating from the source domains. Despite the increasing attention given to learning from multiple training domains through the application of various forms of invariance across those domains, the enhancements observed in comparison to ERM are nearly insignificant under specified evaluation rules. In this paper, we demonstrate that the disentanglement of spurious and invariant features is a challenging task in conventional training since ERM simply minimizes the loss and does not exploit invariance among domains. To address this issue, we …
Lower Data Attacks On Advanced Encryption Standard, Orhun Kara
Lower Data Attacks On Advanced Encryption Standard, Orhun Kara
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is one of the most commonly used and analyzed encryption algorithms. In this work, we present new combinations of some prominent attacks on AES, achieving new records in data requirements among attacks, utilizing only 2 4 and 2 16 chosen plaintexts (CP) for 6-round and 7-round AES 192/256, respectively. One of our attacks is a combination of a meet-in-the-middle (MiTM) attack with a square attack mounted on 6-round AES-192/256 while another attack combines an MiTM attack and an integral attack, utilizing key space partitioning technique, on 7-round AES-192/256. Moreover, we illustrate that impossible differential (ID) …
Anti-Phishing Approach For Iot System In Fog Networks Based On Machine Learning Algorithms, Mahmoud Gad Awwad, Mohamed M. Ashour, El Said A. Marzouk, Eman Abdelhalim
Anti-Phishing Approach For Iot System In Fog Networks Based On Machine Learning Algorithms, Mahmoud Gad Awwad, Mohamed M. Ashour, El Said A. Marzouk, Eman Abdelhalim
Mansoura Engineering Journal
As the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to expand, ensuring the security and privacyِ of IoT systems becomes increasingly critical. Phishing attacks pose a significant threat to IoT devices and can lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, and compromised functionality. In this paper, we propose an anti-phishing approach for IoT systems in fog networks that leverages machine learning algorithms, including a .fusion with deep learning techniques We explore the effectiveness of eleven traditional machine learning algorithms combined with deep learning in detecting and preventing phishing attacks in IoT systems. By utilizing a diverse range of algorithms, we aim to enhance …
Assessment Of Bridge Rehabilitation To Improve Asset Management, Brittany Bullard
Assessment Of Bridge Rehabilitation To Improve Asset Management, Brittany Bullard
Purdue Road School
The widespread availability of structural monitoring technologies has led to a rise in adaptable use across various structural systems. With the U.S. infrastructure aging, the integration of technologies during new construction and rehabilitation of infrastructure provides opportunities for assessing innovative designs and material uses to extend the life of assets. This presentation focuses on the assessment of the Indiana Toll Road bridge rehabilitations and the effectiveness of overlay materials and integration of link slabs.
Best Practices In Design For Preserving Limestone Curbs: A Project Managers Perspective, Larry Lawlor
Best Practices In Design For Preserving Limestone Curbs: A Project Managers Perspective, Larry Lawlor
Purdue Road School
Indiana limestone has been used in roadway construction projects for over 100 years. This session will discuss the best design practices when confronted with lime- stone curbing along historic streetscapes and neighbor- hoods. Additional practices will be discussed that make use of limestone curbs that cannot be preserved in place. Several examples will be shared to demonstrate how creative design and collaboration with consultants has resulted in limestone curb preservation.
Civil Rights Nondiscrimination Information For Local Public Agencies, Taffanee Keys
Civil Rights Nondiscrimination Information For Local Public Agencies, Taffanee Keys
Purdue Road School
This session will discuss new ADA/Title VI.
Utility Rope-A-Dope: Muhammad Ali Approach To Conflict Analysis, Deborah Porter, Bill Read, Nathan Frey
Utility Rope-A-Dope: Muhammad Ali Approach To Conflict Analysis, Deborah Porter, Bill Read, Nathan Frey
Purdue Road School
Learn how to avoid getting hit with utility conflicts when they are coming at you quickly. Discussion will focus on designing around utilities; evaluating conflicts; right-of-way consideration for utility relocations; changes late in design and during construction; and lessons learned.
Airport Energy Resiliency Roadmap And Implementation Steps, Susan Zellers
Airport Energy Resiliency Roadmap And Implementation Steps, Susan Zellers
Purdue Road School
An airport needs to meet current and future energy demands, while also being sustainable. However, service from the grid may be vulnerable to natural and human-caused events. ACRP Project 02-98 Airport Energy Resiliency Primer and Roadmap provides a guide to executing an airport energy resiliency program. The critical elements of an energy resiliency roadmap will be presented along with case study examples from airports moving toward energy resiliency.