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Articles 180211 - 180240 of 197987

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Nonlinear Seismic Analysis Of Building - Foundation Soil Systems, M. Sobaih, A. Gabr, A. H. Mahmoud, M. M. Bahloul Mar 1991

Nonlinear Seismic Analysis Of Building - Foundation Soil Systems, M. Sobaih, A. Gabr, A. H. Mahmoud, M. M. Bahloul

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper deals with the problem of nonlinear seismic analysis of building - foundation soil systems. The building considered is modeled as a shear - type building supported on the surface of homogeneous isotropic elastic half-space. The governing nonlinear equations of motion for the structure - soil system are solved in the time domain using the step-by-step linear acceleration method of analysis with Wilson-e modification. Different nonlinear models to simulate the behaviour of reinforced concrete under cyclic loading are used. A parametric study has been performed on a single story shear-type building with different natural frequencies supported on the surface …

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Response Of Pile Under Dynamic Loading, Somnath Bandyopadhyay Mar 1991

Response Of Pile Under Dynamic Loading, Somnath Bandyopadhyay

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The need for a better understanding of soil pile interaction problem under dynamic loading especially in a nonlinear soil medium has always been felt by engineers. This paper presents a PC based Finite Element I Finite Difference analysis of a Three Dimensional soil pile interaction problem in Elasto Plastic soil under transient and periodic dynamic loading. Assuming separation of variable is permitted method of Finite Element has been used over space and then the solution proceeds over time by explicit integration. Numerical experimentation with a 3 x 3 x 3 model offers a stable response which (qualitatively) with Green's function …

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Soil-Structure Interaction Effects On The Response Of Meloland Bridge, E. A. Maragakis, S. Vrontinos, B. M. Douglas, S. Abdel-Ghaffar Mar 1991

Soil-Structure Interaction Effects On The Response Of Meloland Bridge, E. A. Maragakis, S. Vrontinos, B. M. Douglas, S. Abdel-Ghaffar

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A study related to the experimental data obtained from the full-scale tests of Meloland Road overcrossing is presented. The major objective of this study is to demonstrate that the soil structure interaction effects play a significant role in the dynamic response of the structure. Initially, the results from the static deformation of the bridge under the quick-release loads are presented. These results were obtained by applying a special integration technique on the experimental acceleration records. Then a preliminary analytical model of the bridge is fitted to the experimental data in order to evaluate the values of the soil-structure springs along …

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The Learning From The Large Scale Lotung Soil-Structure Interaction Experiments, A. H. Hadjian, D. Anderson, W. S. Tseng, N. C. Tsai, C. Y. Chang, Y. K. Tang, H. T. Tang, J. C. Stepp Mar 1991

The Learning From The Large Scale Lotung Soil-Structure Interaction Experiments, A. H. Hadjian, D. Anderson, W. S. Tseng, N. C. Tsai, C. Y. Chang, Y. K. Tang, H. T. Tang, J. C. Stepp

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Blind prediction analyses and subsequent correlation studies of a 1/4-scale reinforced concrete containment model constructed at Lotung, Taiwan subject to forced vibration tests and actual earthquakes are evaluated with the objective of validating soil-structure interaction (SSI) analysis methodologies commonly used in U.S. practice. The SSI methods used range from simple soil-spring representation to more complex finite-element methods and sub structuring techniques. Both forced vibration test (FVT) data and actual earthquake induced response data have been obtained for use in validating selected SSI analysis methodologies. Considering that for forced vibration tests only the stiffness and damping characteristics of the foundation are …

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The Soil-Structure Interaction In Bridge Dynamics Problems, E. V. Berezantseva, A. M. Uzdin, Yu. G. Kozmin Mar 1991

The Soil-Structure Interaction In Bridge Dynamics Problems, E. V. Berezantseva, A. M. Uzdin, Yu. G. Kozmin

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

At the Bridges Department of Leningrad Institute of Railway Communication Engineers complex investigations of bridge dynamics under the seismic and rolling stock loads had been carried out. It is ascertained that for theoretical description of bridge oscillations the question of "piers-base" interaction is a matter of principal importance. During the process of oscillations there is a loss of energy due to the radiation by the propagation of elastic waves in the soil. These losses of energy considerably exceed the hysteresis ones, especially for bridges with metal span structures. Researches carried out allowed to make the theoretical estimation of the general …

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Session 7: Concluding Remarks, Panos Dakoulas Mar 1991

Session 7: Concluding Remarks, Panos Dakoulas

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Displacements Of Slopes Under Earthquake Loading, L. J. L. Lemos, P. A. L. F. Coelho Mar 1991

Displacements Of Slopes Under Earthquake Loading, L. J. L. Lemos, P. A. L. F. Coelho

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The displacements and rates of displacement of slopes post-rupture are influenced by the dynamic response of soils. Pre-existing shear surfaces at or close to residual strength are frequently present in slopes of clay and weak mudstone, due to previous slope movement or tectonic disturbance. Knowledge of the strength of such surfaces under rapid loading is necessary of stability during and after an earthquake is to be examined. To obtain such data, high speed displacement controlled ring shear tests have been performed, on samples after being pre-sheared to residual conditions. With the results from those tests, suitable constitutive laws were derived …

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Dynamical Behavior Of A Slightly Alluvial Basin Due To Concentrated Turbulence, Takashi Nishigaki, Kensuke Baba Mar 1991

Dynamical Behavior Of A Slightly Alluvial Basin Due To Concentrated Turbulence, Takashi Nishigaki, Kensuke Baba

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper is concerned with theoretical analyses and numerical evaluations based on the wave propagation theory to find dynamic characteristics of an alluvial basin locally situated on a half spatial bedrock due to concentrated loadings on the free surface. The method presented herein is derived from the Aki and Larner's method by releasing the assumption of the repeated irregularities, so that the wave field having localized irregularities can be evaluated. The numerical analyses show that the amplification effects are obvious on the free surface inside the alluvial sediment and the subsurface structure influences the seismic behavior observed on the surface.

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Soil Amplification Based On Array Observation In Chiba, Japan, Lin Lu, Tsuneo Katayama, Fumio Yamazaki Mar 1991

Soil Amplification Based On Array Observation In Chiba, Japan, Lin Lu, Tsuneo Katayama, Fumio Yamazaki

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The amplification characteristics of earthquake ground motion were investigated based on the Chiba Array observation records. The amplification of peak acceleration occurred mostly at the top soft layer and is similar for the three ground motion components. The ensemble Fourier spectrum ratio and coherence function were calculated and the amplification can be clearly seen in them. The drop of the coherence function at natural frequencies was discussed. The Fourier spectrum ratio and coherence function were also obtained using the smoothing procedure and were compared with those of the ensemble. Microtremor was measured at 11 points corresponding to the location of …

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A Novel Method For Synthesizing Acceleration Time History With Consideration Of Earthquake Environment, He Yang Mar 1991

A Novel Method For Synthesizing Acceleration Time History With Consideration Of Earthquake Environment, He Yang

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A new method for generating earthquake time histories compatible with the rock response spectrum as the result of seismic hazard analysis will be presented in this paper. It is suggested that the base bank, which is composed of recorded ground motions with different response spectrum characteristics, should be used to select the initial solution. And then, modifying it iteratively to match the target spectrum. In this way, the earthquake environment could be considered.

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Application Of Fuzzy Set Theory In Option Of Response Spectra, Zhou Xiyuan, Su Jingyu Mar 1991

Application Of Fuzzy Set Theory In Option Of Response Spectra, Zhou Xiyuan, Su Jingyu

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In order to consider the fuzziness of seismic intensity indecated by zoning map and seismic code in seismic design of structure, an innovative method in option of design spectrum in consideration of fuzziness of regional seismic hazard and site condition is presented herein. The solution of the problem can be divided into two steps: 1. to define and establish a fuzzy set for predicting and judging regional seismic hazard and site condition by applying fuzzy mathematics; 2. further to find out fuzzy vector of design spectrum depending on the fuzzy set of regional seismic hazard and site condition by applying …

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Earthquake Damage Done At Right Angles To Epicentral Direction, Makoto Nasu Mar 1991

Earthquake Damage Done At Right Angles To Epicentral Direction, Makoto Nasu

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In order to make clear the structures of grounds which are liable to induce earthquake damage, the relations between seismic deformation of various objects and the structures of the grounds under them, and the intersectional angles between the epicentral direction and their longitudinal axes and between the epicentral direction and the deformational directions have been investigated on the basis of many examples of such damage. Various objects such as embankments on heterogeneous grounds, for example, grounds including inclined soft soil layer or made of soft soil layer with inclined bottom, or various objects straddling soft and hard grounds, are Liable …

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Fault Induced Ground Deformations And Their Effect On Structures, Luis E. Vallejo, Mahiru Shettima Mar 1991

Fault Induced Ground Deformations And Their Effect On Structures, Luis E. Vallejo, Mahiru Shettima

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In the United States and in many other regions of the world, structures such as earth dams are built in areas very close to strike-slip faults. For the safe design of these and other types of structures, geotechnical engineers need a reliable estimate of the ground deformations that fault movement will induce at the site of the proposed structures. In this study, the vertical ground deformations induced by the movement of one strike-slip fault segment is estimated with the use of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) theory. The ground deformations estimated using this theory and the deformations experienced by the …

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Geological And Seismicity Evaluation Of Srinagarind Dam, S. Klaipongpan, V. Chakramanont, J. Pinrode, P. Chittrakarn Mar 1991

Geological And Seismicity Evaluation Of Srinagarind Dam, S. Klaipongpan, V. Chakramanont, J. Pinrode, P. Chittrakarn

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In April of 198 3, a sequence of earthquakes were recorded by the National Seismic Network where the epicenters were located in the upper reaches of the Srinagarind Reservoir. A detailed evaluation of these earthquakes has been initiated since that time. Network of micro seismic instruments have also been installed in the region in order to establish the capability of higher resolution for seismic parameters and allow the greater understanding of the mechanism of the activity. After seven years of monitoring and data collecting, analyses of the results have been performed. Results obtained from the evaluation of overall characteristic seismicity, …

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Prediction Of Characteristics Of Surface Wave For Earthquake Resistant Design, S. Nakamura, I. Suetomi Mar 1991

Prediction Of Characteristics Of Surface Wave For Earthquake Resistant Design, S. Nakamura, I. Suetomi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Surface waves are not considered directly in the current earthquake resistant design code of the underground lineal structure, because a method for estimating the surface wave as input motion is not established. A procedure for calculating the expected value of peak ground displacement from bedrock motion is presented in this paper; the bedrock motion is converted to Love Nave spectra by the method proposed by the authors, and Love wave spectra is converted to peak ground displacement by the method proposed newly in this paper. Input motions of the underground transmission line is estimated as an example case to compare …

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Use Of Rayleigh Modes In Interpretation Of Sasw Test, N. Gucunski, R. D. Woods Mar 1991

Use Of Rayleigh Modes In Interpretation Of Sasw Test, N. Gucunski, R. D. Woods

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) method is a seismic method for measuring in situ elastic moduli of layered systems, like soils or pavements. The inversion process associated with SASW can be an ambiguous task in certain cases, because a field dispersion curve needs to be matched with an unknown path through a family of theoretically defined curves for an assumed profile. A study of the influence of soil stratification on participation of higher Rayleigh modes in surface wave propagation included the evaluation of theoretical dispersion curves, modal shapes and rates of energy transmission in the horizontal direction. Wave propagation due to oscillations …

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Current Trends In Design And Analysis Of Paper Machine Foundations, Alex Sy, W. E. Mckevitt Mar 1991

Current Trends In Design And Analysis Of Paper Machine Foundations, Alex Sy, W. E. Mckevitt

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Current trends in the design and dynamic analysis of paper machine foundations to ensure satisfactory performance are presented in this paper. Space frame foundations for modern high speed paper machines are governed by the requirements to meet stringent alignment/deflection tolerances and dynamic stiffness requirements specified by the machine manufacturer. The current design approach considers the complete machine-foundation-soil interaction. The dynamic response analysis is commonly conducted using a suitable finite element computer code in which the soil is modelled by equivalent springs. Damping is also included in the response calculation. Appropriate stiffness and damping parameters to model the foundation soil or …

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Session 11: Discussions And Replies, Multiple Authors Mar 1991

Session 11: Discussions And Replies, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Dynamic Characteristics Of Crusher Supporting Structures, P. Srinivasulu, B. Sivarama Sarma, N. Lakshmanan Mar 1991

Dynamic Characteristics Of Crusher Supporting Structures, P. Srinivasulu, B. Sivarama Sarma, N. Lakshmanan

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Ring granulator type crushers are installed in many coal handling plants over framed type supporting structures either in steel or reinforced concrete. The causes of excessive vibrations commonly reported from these installations are discussed. The paper describes, in particular, the nature and magnitudes of exciting forces to be considered for the safe design of supporting structures for such machinery. Two practical examples are illustrated - one involving an elevated steel structure and another reinforced concrete framed structure, the latter supporting multiple crushers on the same floor. Pertinent conclusions are drawn for the benefit of future designers of such installations.

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Dynamic Characteristics Of Soils In Calculation Of Vibrations Of Foundations For Machines With Periodical, Pulse And Random Loads, Vadim M. Platesky Mar 1991

Dynamic Characteristics Of Soils In Calculation Of Vibrations Of Foundations For Machines With Periodical, Pulse And Random Loads, Vadim M. Platesky

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The paper deals with the results of the exper1mental studies performed by the author on the foundations 0.5, 2.4 and 25 sq. m in area under periodical, Pulse and random dynamic loads. Some formulas are given to determine dynamic characteristics of soils. Methods and devices for field dynamic tests of soils are described. The results of the proposed relationship check are given.

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Predicting Vibrations Of Soil And Buildings Excited By Machine Foundations Under Dynamic Loads, Mark Svinkin Mar 1991

Predicting Vibrations Of Soil And Buildings Excited By Machine Foundations Under Dynamic Loads, Mark Svinkin

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper presents a new method that predicts the vibrational effects on existing soil, building and equipment from a designed machine foundation when it will be installed at a specific site. The method requires development of certain experimental data at an industrial site and subsequent computerized data reduction. The results are complete vibro-records at the locations of interest. The basic prerequisite of the suggested method is an experimental determining of impulse responses of soil and structures. The use of this response gives to an engineer a chance to consider heterogeneity and multiformity of soil properties. The accepted assumptions have been …

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Torsional Dynamic Response Of Embedded Footings, Peiji Yu, E. B. Wylle, F. E. Richart Jr. Mar 1991

Torsional Dynamic Response Of Embedded Footings, Peiji Yu, E. B. Wylle, F. E. Richart Jr.

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A computer program, originally prepared to evaluate stresses and displacements below an axisymmetric surface footing subjected to torsional loadings, has been modified to accommodate embedded footings. The material surrounding the footing can be considered as elastic, nonlinear inelastic or nonlinear inelastic including slip. Layered systems can also be treated. Good agreement was obtained in comparisons with published solutions for elastic systems, as obtained by the finite element method, and by an approximate method. In particular, comparisons were made for variations at maximum amplitude of rotation and dimensionless frequency at maximum amplitude of rotation as functions of the embedment ratio. The …

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A Study On Pile Forces Of A Pile Group In Layered Soil Under Seismic Loadings, Hasegawa Masayuki, Nakal Shoichi Mar 1991

A Study On Pile Forces Of A Pile Group In Layered Soil Under Seismic Loadings, Hasegawa Masayuki, Nakal Shoichi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Characteristics of pile forces under seismic loadings are discussed from view points of the inertial interaction due to the mass effect of a superstructure and the kinematic interaction due to the resistance effect of piles against soil motions. A typical building supported on a pile group embedded in a layered soil, which has two- and four layer profiles, is chosen for studying the pile forces which imply the shearing force and bending moment. The earthquake response analysis is performed in accordance with the substructure method, in which the group effect of piles in the layered soil is appropriately included by …

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Characteristics Of Vertical Ground Motions Recorded During The Lorna Prieta Earthquake, Marshall Lew Mar 1991

Characteristics Of Vertical Ground Motions Recorded During The Lorna Prieta Earthquake, Marshall Lew

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A study of a limited number of vertical ground motion acceleration-time histories recorded during the Loma Prieta earthquake of October 17, 1989 has been made. It has been found that maximum vertical ground motions may be greater than the horizontal ground motions in the near vicinity of the fault rupture zone. The limited records suggest that there is more spectral energy at very short structural periods in the vertical ground motions as compared with the horizontal ground motions. At longer periods, the vertical energy is significantly less, however, there is an increasing trend for very long structural periods.

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Considerations To Damage Patterns In The Marina District During The Loma Prieta Earthquake Based On Rayleigh Wave Investigation, Kohji Tokimatsu, Shoei Nomura, Shinichi Kuwayama, Shuji Tamura, Akio Abe Mar 1991

Considerations To Damage Patterns In The Marina District During The Loma Prieta Earthquake Based On Rayleigh Wave Investigation, Kohji Tokimatsu, Shoei Nomura, Shinichi Kuwayama, Shuji Tamura, Akio Abe

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Rayleigh wave investigation is made in the Marina District to study geotechnical factors controlling the damage patterns in the Loma Prieta earthquake. A portable system has been developed for determining a Rayleigh wave dispersion curve based on the measurements of artificially induced ground vibration or microtremor. Five sites are selected along a line crossing the hydraulic fill zone in which structures and/or buried utilities were significantly damaged. An inverse analysis on the measured dispersion curves results in a cross section of shear wave velocity profiles in the District. Site amplification and liquefaction potential of each site are estimated and discussed …

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Investigation Of Sanitary Landfill Slope Performance During Strong Ground Motion From The Loma Prieta Earthquake Of October 17, 1989, Mervin E. Johnson, Joan Lundy, Marshall Lew, Monte E. Ray Mar 1991

Investigation Of Sanitary Landfill Slope Performance During Strong Ground Motion From The Loma Prieta Earthquake Of October 17, 1989, Mervin E. Johnson, Joan Lundy, Marshall Lew, Monte E. Ray

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper evaluates the performance of landfill slopes (refuse fill slopes) during strong ground motion from the October 17, 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake (M7.1) that affected the Santa Cruz Mountains - San Francisco Bay region. The earthquake's occurrence in a highly populated area that contains the waste disposal sites for this large population offered a unique opportunity to review the performance of slopes on the landfills. Current state and federal regulations require the analysis of stability of landfills under seismic loading. To date, these evaluations have relied on gross simplified assumptions. This paper examines whether these assumptions are reasonably correct. …

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On The Site Amplification Characteristics In San Francisco Bay Region Due To The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake Type Loadings, Kesuke Baba, Yutaka Inoue, Takashi Nishigaki Mar 1991

On The Site Amplification Characteristics In San Francisco Bay Region Due To The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake Type Loadings, Kesuke Baba, Yutaka Inoue, Takashi Nishigaki

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A large earthquake occurred in the Santa Cruz mountains, California, on 17 October 1989, and many structures and facilities in the San Francisco Bay region suffered fatal damage from the seismic motion. In order to evaluate the ground amplification characteristics in the region, the practical method of representing the seismic wave field may be necessary. This paper is concerned with a theoretical analysis and numerical evaluation based on the wave propagation theory to find the dynamic characteristics of the slightly sedimental basin around the San Francisco Bay due to the Loma Prieta earthquake type excitations. Numerical examples of this system …

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Performance Of A Hazardous Waste And Sanitary Landfill Subjected To Loma Prieta Earthquake, Hari D. Sharma, Harish K. Goyal Mar 1991

Performance Of A Hazardous Waste And Sanitary Landfill Subjected To Loma Prieta Earthquake, Hari D. Sharma, Harish K. Goyal

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Loma Prieta Earthquake of October 17, 1989 caused severe damages in the San Francisco Bay Area. Field measurements made during the earthquake and analyses performed to date indicate that bedrock accelerations were amplified to 2 to 3 times in propagating through deep cohesive deposits. In view of this, the performance of a hazardous waste and sanitary landfill subjected to Loma Prieta Earthquake and founded on deep cohesive deposits was evaluated. Analyses indicate that the peak accelerations at the base of the refuse are slightly amplified in propagating through the refuse thicknesses of up to about 50 feet. For higher refuse …

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Seismic Design Basis — The Uk Regulatory Position For New Nuclear Reactors, C. M. Patchett, R. J. Stubbs Mar 1991

Seismic Design Basis — The Uk Regulatory Position For New Nuclear Reactors, C. M. Patchett, R. J. Stubbs

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The purpose of this paper is to outline the seismic regulatory requirements relating to the site licensing of new nuclear power installations in the UK, and to describe the background and justification of the seismic design basis level for such installations. It outlines the potential seismic related hazards which should be covered, the factors which are considered important in establishing the level of hazard under consideration, and the techniques which could be used for hazard evaluation. In addition, the paper covers the level of uncertainty associated with the methodology and analytical techniques used in evaluating the seismic hazards.

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The Liquefaction Sand Boils In The San Francisco Marina District During The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, J. P. Bardet, M. Kapuskar Mar 1991

The Liquefaction Sand Boils In The San Francisco Marina District During The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, J. P. Bardet, M. Kapuskar

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The paper presents and analyzes the observations of the sand boils that emerged in the Marina District after the Loma Prieta Earthquake of October 17, 1989. The sand boils left behind by liquefaction revealed an old lagoon, the periphery of which had experienced severe damage in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The buildings in the Marina District were damaged primarily as the liquefied ground spread laterally along the shoreline of the 1906 lagoon that was filled to host the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco. The present work infers that the sand boils are not random phenomena but instrumental …

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