Engineering Commons^™

Kentucky Traffic Accident Facts 1992 Report, Kentucky State Police

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

KENTUCKY'S TRAFFIC ACCIDENT FACTS report for 1992 is based on accident reports submitted to the Accident Unit housed in the Kentucky State Police Information Services Branch, Records Section. As required by Kentucky Revised Statutes 189.635, "every law enforcement agency whose officers investigate a vehicle accident of which a report must be made .. . shall file a report of the accident ... within ten days after investigation of the accident upon forms supplied by the bureau.· The stated purpose of this requirement is to utilize data on traffic accidents" for such purposes as will improve the traffic safety program in …

Evaluation Of Gamma Ray Attenuation For Measuring Soil Bulk Density Part I. Laboratory Investigation, Xiwen Luo, Larry G. Wells

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Gamma ray attenuation was evaluated as a means of determining soil bulk density. Experiments were conducted using clay, silt, and sandy loam soils wherein samples were compacted to uniform densities at various moisture contents. We determined the attenuation characteristics of dry soil to be independent of soil texture while being significantly different from that of water. Comparison of gamma density measurements with known soil sample densities indicated that the gamma gauge provided reliable measurement of soil bulk density, provided that the effect of soil moisture on attenuation was accounted for and the manufacturer-prescribed calibration procedure was followed daily. Further, we …

Evaluation Of Gamma Ray Attenuation For Measuring Soil Bulk Density Part Ii. Field Investigation, Larry G. Wells, Xiwen Luo

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A field investigation was conducted at sites near Lexington and Central City, Kentucky, to evaluate the use of gamma ray attenuation for measuring soil bulk density. Experiments were conducted whereby the gamma gauge was calibrated by various means and compared with volumetric cores collected from the field soils. Calibration by the manufacturer’s recommended procedure was determined to be as accurate as more rigorous laboratory calibration or calibration via regression of soil bulk density data, provided that the effect of soil water on gamma attenuation is correctly considered. We also developed a linear regression equation to correct for the occurrence of …

A Radiant Flow Reactor For High-Temperature Reactivity Studies Of Pulverized Solids, John C. Chen, Stephen Niksa

Mechanical Engineering

Our radiant two‐phase flow reactor presents several new possibilities for high‐temperature reactivity studies. Most importantly, the thermal histories of the suspension and entrainment gas can be independently regulated over wide ranges. At low suspension loadings, outlet temperatures can differ by hundreds of degrees and gas temperatures are low enough to inhibit hydrocarbon cracking chemistry, so primary products are quenched as soon as they are expelled. With coal suspensions, tars were generated with the highest H/C ratio and lowest proton aromaticity ever reported. Alternatively, particles and gas can be heated at similar rates to promote secondary chemistry by increasing particle loading. …

Suppressed Nitrogen Evolution From Coal-Derived Soot And Low-Volatility Coal Chars, John C. Chen, Stephen Niksa

Mechanical Engineering

This laboratory study uses a novel furnace to resolve nitrogen evolution during the three stages of pulverized coal combustion: primary devolatilization, secondary pyrolysis, and combustion. The behavior of six coals depicts continuous rank variations, as well as suppressed nitrogen evolution from low volatility coals. During primary devolatilization of any coal, aromatic compounds in tar and oils are virtually the only shuttles for nitrogen out of the coal matrix. The small amounts of HCN observed while primary devolatilization winds down probably come from the char, because char particles are significantly hotter than tar in these experiments. Secondary pyrolysis promotes additional HCN …

Non-Destructive Evaluation Of Space Shuttle Thermal Protection System Tile Bond Integrity, George David Mulligan

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Experimental modal analysis (EMA) is used as a non-destructive technique for the evaluation of Space Shuttle thermal protection system (TPS) tile bond integrity. Finite element (FE) models for tile systems were developed and were used to generate their vibration characteristics (i.e. natural frequencies and mode shapes). Various TPS tile assembly configurations as well as different bond conditions were analyzed. Results of finite element analyses demonstrated a drop in natural frequencies and a change in mode shapes which correlate with both size and location of disband. Results of experimental testing of tile panels correlated with FE results and demonstrated the feasibility …

High Pressure Lubricooling Machining Of Metals, Marian Mazurkiewicz

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A method of machining metals, by effecting relative movement between a work piece and a tool having a cutting edge to cut the work piece and produce a chip, including injecting a high pressure jet of cooling liquid into the cutting zone during machining, the jet being at a pressure of at least about 5,000 p.s.i. The jet is preferably injected between the chip and the rake face of the cutting tool, and the trajectory of the jet is offset from the rake face of the cutting tool by a small amount and the jet is aimed at the cutting …

Object-Based Analog Vlsi Vision Circuits, C. Koch, B. Mathur, S. C. Liu, J. G. Harris, J. Luo, M. Sivilotti

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Early vision algorithms typically can be classified as either pixel-based or image-based. Pixel-based algorithms such as edge detection and optical flow produce a dense output on every grid point. Image-level algorithms such as center of mass computation [1,5] produce a few outputs by integrating information from the entire image. Most special-purpose analog VLSI vision chips developed so far implement early vision algorithms of these categories. Little work has been done in building special-purpose chips that move beyond these early-vision algorithms. Dynamic wires, first introduced by Liu and Harris [2], provide an avenue for object-based processing. The dynamic wire model is …

The Error Probability Of Reed-Solomon Coding And Interleaving On A Bursty-Noise Channel, W. J. Ebel, William H. Tranter

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A useful bursty-noise channel model is proposed and, using this model, a binary communication system using Reed-Solomon coding and interleaving is analyzed. The model includes both thermal noise, which gives rise to random errors, and burst noise, which gives rise to error bursts. Error probabilities are derived for the uncoded system, and error probability bounds are derived for the coded system. Monte Carlo simulation results agree well with theory.

Extension Of Vlasov’S Semi-Membrane Theory To Reinforced Composite Shells, Victor Birman

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Governing equations for the statics and dynamics of reinforced composite shells are developed based on Vlasov's semi-membrane shell theory. These equations have closed-form solutions illustrated for buckling and free vibration problems. The buckling solution converges to the known result for unstiffened isotropic shells. © 1992 by ASME.

Industrial Technology Faculty's Valuation Of Consulting And Professional Performance, Daniel Richard Meyer

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to investigate university industrial technology faculty relationships between their consulting with industrial and perceptions of professional performance. The question addressed was that if effects on teaching ability, research activity, scholarly publishing, and public service arising from this activity. The information obtained adds to knowledge and may be useful for administrators in supporting this form of public service. The result should be increased faculty competence, better prepared students, and increased industrial competitiveness.

Exogenous variables of consulting with industry, competency maintenance, theory testing, enthusiasm regeneration, research opportunity, and scholarly publishing were identified as having potential impact …

The Relationships Between Technical Operator Turnover Rate And Selected Working Condition Factors In Taiwan's Printing Industry, Ling-Hsiao Lee

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to determine how technical operator turnover rate related to selected working condition factors in Taiwan's printing industry. These factors, as defined in this study, included wages, employee benefits, alternative work schedules, training programs, and gainsharings. If the results of this study showed that technical operator turnover rate was related to these selected factors, then the findings of this study would be helpful to a manager making decisions on turnover management.

The data for this study were collected by using three sets of questionnaires: (a) one designed for personnel directors, (b) one targeted at financial …

Fast Power Flow With Capability Of Corrective Control Using A Neural Network, Badrul H. Chowdhury, B. M. Wilamowski

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The authors present a number of different configurations of a neural network and identify a particular case which is most suitable for power flow analysis in real-time applications. The advantage of fast computation of the artificial neural network (ANN) is used for obtaining power flow solutions in real time. The inputs to the ANN are the real and reactive power generating and demand in the system, and the output data are the complex bus voltages. A few configurations of the neural network were experimented with, and the best results were achieved with a single-layer feedforward neural network with nonlinear feedback. …

Hybrid Clamping In Ntsc Digital Video Equipment, Norman R. Cox, Douglas William Irwin

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Two algorithms that are suitable for deriving the blanking level of a National Television Systems Committee (NTSC) composite video signal are described. One method consists of averaging digitized color-burst samples taken from successive scan lines. A second method involves processing a group of samples taken from a single burst interval. Either algorithm used in a hybrid clamping arrangement results in automatic drift compensation and the ability to tie the back porch or sync tip to a predetermined digital output code. This aids in matching the analog signal to the input of the analog-to-signal (A/D) converter for maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). …

New Emc Design Guidelines For Multilayer Printed Wiring Boards, Todd H. Hubing, Thomas Van Doren

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

An Optical Adaptive Resonance Neural Network Utilizing Phase Conjugation, Donald C. Wunsch, D. J. Morris, T. P. Caudell, R. A. Falk

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An adaptive resonance (ART) device has been conceived that is fully optical in the input-output processing path. It is based on holographic information processing in a phase-conjugating crystal. This sets up an associative pattern retrieval in a resonating loop utilizing angle-multiplexed reference beams for pattern classification. A reset mechanism is used to reject any given beam, allowing an ART search strategy. The design is similar to an existing nonlearning optical associative memory, but it does allow learning and makes use of information the other device discards. This device is expected to offer higher information storage density than alternative ART implementations.

Moving Object Recognition And Guidance Of Robots Using Neural Networks, Abhijit Neogy, S. N. Balakrishnan, Cihan H. Dagli

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The design of a robust guidance system for a robot is discussed. The two major tasks for this guidance system are the online recognition of a moving object invariant to rotation and translation, and tracking the moving object using a neural-network-driven vision system. This system included computer software ported to the IBM PC and interfaced with an IBM 7535 robot. The operation of this guidance system involved recognition of a moving object and the ability to track it till the robot and effector was in close proximity of the object. It was found that the robot was able to track …

Genericity And Singularities Of Robot Manipulators, Ming-Chuan Leu, D. K. Pai

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The kinematic singularities of robot manipulators are studied from the point of view of the theory of singularities. The notion of a "generic'' kinematic map, whose singularities form smooth manifolds of prescribed dimension in the joint space of the manipulator, is examined. For three-joint robots, an equivalent algebraic condition for genericity using the Jacobian determinants is derived. This condition lends itself to symbolic computation and is sufficient for the study of decoupled manipulators. Orientation and translation singularities of manipulators are studied in detail. A complete characterization of orientation singularities of robots with any number of joints is given. The translation …

Coperite-Computer-Aided Tool For Power Engineering Research, Instruction, Training And Education, Badrul H. Chowdhury, D. E. Clark

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A graphics-oriented, primarily PC-based tool for education, research, and training in power engineering is introduced. The tool, called COPERITE, has all user interfaces resident on an IBM-386 microcomputer. Menus and windows are used for the interface, and attractive graphical representations and displays are included. Application programs that are interfaced are power flow, contingency analysis, economic dispatch, security-constrained dispatch, system stability, and fault analysis. These programs are executed on a VAX 8800 computer mainly for speed of execution. Information exchange between the PC and the VAX is made through an Ethernet connection which is transparent to the user. Results of execution …

Porting Chorus To The Pa-Risc: Booting, Jon Inouye, Ravi Konuru, Jonathan Walpole, Marion Hakanson

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

We started out with the low level Tut (HP-CX 2.0) boot code. One of our goals was to reuse as much of this code as possible, which would reduce the amount of low level code we would have to debug. This was very important, especially fiince the RP 9000/834 has a very complex I/O architecture and we lacked any sophisticated debugging tools. Writing the PA-Chorus boot code involved modifying the Tut code to match the Chorus startup sequence. In the remainder of this section, we present an overview of the PA-RISC boot mechanisms and the Chorus startup sequence. Sectlon 2 …

Porting Chorus To The Pa-Risc: Building, Debugging, Testing And Validation, Ravi Konuru, Marion Hakanson, Jon Inouye, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This document is part of a series of reports describing the design decisions made in porting the Chorus Operating System to the Hewlett-Packard 9000 Series 800 workstation. This document describes the environment for building the Chorus kernel, the various kernel tests, and the debugging environment used for porting the Chorus operating system to the HP PA-RISC.

The information contained in this paper will be of interest to people who wish to:

• Use the PA-Chorus kernel for development and/or modification, • Know about the build environment for Chorus kernel on PA-RISC, • Know about the PA-Chorus approach to debugging, • …

Porting Chorus To The Pa-Risc: Overall Evaluation, Jonathan Walpole, Marion Hakanson, Jon Inouye, Ravi Konuru

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This document is part of a series of reports describing the design decisions made in porting the Chorus Operating System kernel to the Hewlett-Packard 9000 Series 800 workstation. This document summarizes the matches and mis-matches between Chorus and the PA-RISC and outlines the general lessons learned during the project.

This document is intended for people who are interested in (a) the separation of machinedependent micro-kernel code from machine-independent micro-kernel code, (b) the interaction between operating system design and the PA-RISC architecture, and (c) the portability ofthe Chorus operating system.

The first report in the series, Porting Chorus to the PA-RISe: …

Porting Chorus To The Pa-Risc: Project Overview, Jonathan Walpole, Marion Hakanson, Jon Inouye, Ravi Konuru

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This document is part of a series of reports describing the design decisions made in porting the Chorus Operating System to the Hewlett-Packard 9000 Series 800 workstation. This document presents an overview of the project, and outlines the other reports in the series and the relationships between them.

Porting The Chorus Supervisor And Related Low-Level Functions To The Pa-Risc, Ravi Konuru, Marion Hakanson, Jon Inouye, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This document is part of a series of reports describing the design decisions made in porting the Chorus Operating System to the Hewlett-Packard 9000 Series 800 workstation.

The Supervisor is the name given by Chorus to a collection of low-level functions that are machine dependent and have to be implemented when Chorus is ported from one machine to another. The Supervisor is responsible for interrupt, trap and exception handling, managing low-level thread initialization, context switch, kernel initialization, managing simple devices (timer and console) and offering a low-level debugger. This document describes the port of the Supervisor and related low-level functions. …

An Optical Implementation Of Adaptive Resonance Utilizing Phase Conjugation, Donald C. Wunsch, T. P. Caudell, D. J. Morris, R. A. Falk

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A novel adaptive resonance theory (ART) device has been conceived that is fully optical in the input-output processing path. This device is based on holographic information processing in a phase-conjugating crystal. This sets up an associative pattern retrieval in a resonating loop utilizing angle-multiplexed reference beams for pattern classification. A reset mechanism is used to reject any given beam, allowing an ART search strategy. The design is similar to that of an existing nonlearning optical associative memory, but is does allow learning and makes use of information the other device discards. This new device is expected to offer higher information …

Principal Linear Polarization States Of An Optical System, R. M.A. Azzam

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

The constraint on the Jones matrix of an optical system such that there exist two linear polarization states at its input that are mapped onto two corresponding linear states at its output is derived. These principal linear polarization (PLP) states, which characterize a broad range of systems, are also found in terms of the Jones matrix elements. Special cases when the PLP states are orthogonal, collapse onto one state, or become infinite in number are indicated. For a deterministic or nondeterministic optical system described by a Mueller matrix, the existence of two PLP states places a constraint on only 3 …

Measured Natural Cooling Enhancement Of A Whole House Fan, Florida Solar Energy Center, Danny Parker

FSEC Energy Research Center®

An experimental study was carried out in the summer of 1991 to investigate the natural cooling potential of use of a whole house fan in Central Florida's hot and humid climate. The residential building, in Cocoa Beach, FL, is typical of much of the existing housing stock in Florida: a concrete block structure with R-11 ceiling insulation. The building was ventilated with all windows open during the three month summer test period (June-August). Air temperatures and relative humidity inside the home interior along with exterior meteorological conditions (insolation, wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity) were scanned every five seconds with …

Limiting Solar Radiation Effects On Outdoor Air Temperature Measurement, Florida Solar Energy Center, Robin Vieira

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This experimental study compares various methods of reducing the effects of solar radiation on outdoor air temperature measurements. It indicates that radiation effects can introduce significant measurement error, even with the use of shielding devices and aspiration, and outlines efforts that were taken to lessen the error caused by radiation.

Two separate tests were conducted, one comparing naturally ventilated and fan-aspirated radiation shields, the other comparing seven identical fan-aspirated shields. Results from the first test showed that one of the naturally ventilated shields was generally more effective than a fan- aspirated unit-at some instances of high radiation giving daytime temperatures …

Accident Analysis Of Ice Control Operations - Abstract, David Kuemmel, Rashad Hanbali

Transportation Research Center: Accident Analysis of Ice Control Operations

This widely publicized study by Marquette University was the first of its kind in North America to document, with statistical validity, the direct benefits of deicing operations. It was patterned after a German study of the Technical University at Darmstadt during the late 1980s.

The Marquette study was conducted during the winter of 1990-1991 in four states: New York, Illinois, Minnesota and Wisconsin. It covered a network of 520 miles of randomly selected twolane undivided highways and 50 miles of multi-lane divided freeways in the four states. The sections included were primarily rural or sub-urban.

Data collection included estimated hourly …

Application Of Stable Operating Criterion To Grating Tuned Strong External Feedback Semiconductor Lasers, Haiyin Sun, Malay K. Mazumder

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Stability analysis is done by applying criterion dnQ((o)/cfco>0 for grating tuned strong external feedback semiconductor lasers. The resulting stable and unstable operating ranges agree well with experiment results.