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Articles 177451 - 177480 of 197991

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Geotechnology Allows Construction Of Two Cohabirating Projects, W. A. Bischoff, M. L. Larson, S. S. Huang Jun 1993

Geotechnology Allows Construction Of Two Cohabirating Projects, W. A. Bischoff, M. L. Larson, S. S. Huang

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The following case history presents innovative geotechnical solutions which allowed the simultaneous construction of two overlapping projects, by two different contractors, sponsored by different governmental agencies under tight project schedules. A settlement sensitive Light Rail Transit (LRT) line was to cohabitate the same alignment as a new freeway with embankment heights of 27 feet; both of which are on compressible and weak subgrade soils. Construction activities could not impinge on one or anothers project. The geotechnical concepts used allowed the two projects to proceed simultaneously and minimized the impacts of embankment induced settlement on the two LRT tracks. Field monitoring …

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Cavern Wall Support Requirements In A Hydro-Electric Project, Manoj Verman, J. L. Jethwa, R. K. Goel Jun 1993

Cavern Wall Support Requirements In A Hydro-Electric Project, Manoj Verman, J. L. Jethwa, R. K. Goel

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Construction of a 23m wide, 57m high, and 210m long underground power house cavern is in progress as a part of the multi-purpose Sardar Sarovar Project in India. The rock mass around the cavern is basalt which is intruded by a number of dolerite dykes. In view of the high side walls of the cavern, and the presence of a 1 to 2m thick shear zone running across the cavern width, a comprehensive approach was worked out for estimation of the wall support requirements. The approach included estimation of the roof support requirements using the four available approaches, and comparison …

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Performance Of A Large Diameter Tunnel In Weak Rocks, J. C. Chern, Y. L. Chang, C. C. Lin Jun 1993

Performance Of A Large Diameter Tunnel In Weak Rocks, J. C. Chern, Y. L. Chang, C. C. Lin

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The correlation of tunnel movement versus rock mass quality was investigated using actual monitored data as well as theoretical studies. Results revealed that meaningful empirical correlation between the commonly used rock mass rating system and tunnel deformation can be obtained only if geological structure and in-situ stresses are taken into account. In this respect, the commonly used rock mass rating system is not very suitable for such purpose. A new parameter using rock mass strength normalized by in-situ stress level appears to be more suitable for establishing the relationship between tunnel deformation and rock mass quality.

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Prediction-Forecast And Slip-Control For One Slope, Ruigeng Zhu, Yuanyou Xia, Wenxing Lu Jun 1993

Prediction-Forecast And Slip-Control For One Slope, Ruigeng Zhu, Yuanyou Xia, Wenxing Lu

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Firstly, combining the engineering geological conditions of the slope, this paper analyses the forms and main causes of the slope possible slip, and predicts the slope's stability in the different construction periods of the gully at the bottom of slope. In the basis of these, the work plan of quick cutting quick erecting for the gully is emphatically discussed. Then, the paper presents the slope monitoring method and monitoring results. At last, the paper re-analyses the site-monitoring data. The results of monitoring and re-analysis prove that work plan of quick cutting and quick erecting is correct and the poured concrete …

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Surface Subsidence Over Deep Solution Mined Storage Cavern Field, Minh D. Nguyen, S. Braham, J. G. Durup Jun 1993

Surface Subsidence Over Deep Solution Mined Storage Cavern Field, Minh D. Nguyen, S. Braham, J. G. Durup

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Ten years observation by GDF on Tersanne solution-mined gas storage field, offers the opportunity for a mechanical interpretation of the surface subsidence. According to the geological context, the rockmass was modellised by a two-layered medium with highly contrasted mechanical behavior: a soft elastic clay cover, and a viscous salt mass. Given the field uncertainties, mostly related to the cover layer, and the three- dimensional nature of the problem, indirect methods were used to obtain bounds for the surface subsidence evolution and a parametric study was performed. Comparison with data of the field allows to determine likely rock mass parameters, put …

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Geotechnical Problems Encountered During The Excavation Of Underground Cavities For Varahi Hydro Electric Project, H. V. Eswaraiah, V. S. Upadhyaya, B. N. Vishwanath Jun 1993

Geotechnical Problems Encountered During The Excavation Of Underground Cavities For Varahi Hydro Electric Project, H. V. Eswaraiah, V. S. Upadhyaya, B. N. Vishwanath

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Varahi river in Karnataka State, India originates on the Western Ghats and is harnessed for power generation by constructing three dams. The water is conveyed through two inclined pressure shaft to the underground power house below the Ghats. The underground power house of the Varahi Hydro Electric Project executed by the Karnataka Power Corporation has 2 units of 135 MW each in the first stage with a provision to add two more identical units. Three underground cavities are excavated parallel to one another for housing the rotary valves, generators and the transformers respectively and are at a gee-static head of …

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Grauholz Railway Tunnel, Switzerland: Geotechnical Prediction And Its Influence On The Chosen Method Of Excavation, W. Harsch Jun 1993

Grauholz Railway Tunnel, Switzerland: Geotechnical Prediction And Its Influence On The Chosen Method Of Excavation, W. Harsch

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Difficult ground was predicted for the 6.3 km long Grauholz Tunnel. The geology comprises complex soft-ground above and below the groundwater and rock conditions. The examples described led to the choice of a mixshield machine to excavate the 11.6 m diameter tunnel. This machine can operate in either closed (slurry) or open (TBM) mode. Experiences with this installation are discussed.

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Monitoring And Back-Analysis In Dongjian Arch Dam, Du Vonglian, Yang Zhifa, Wang Sijing, Xiong Shuncheng Jun 1993

Monitoring And Back-Analysis In Dongjian Arch Dam, Du Vonglian, Yang Zhifa, Wang Sijing, Xiong Shuncheng

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The monitoring of displacement is one of major measures to ensure the safety of an arch dam. And the back-analysis is a key link in the safety evaluation. This paper presents a case history of monitoring and back-analysis of displacement in Dongjiang Arch Dam, China. The elasticity modulus of dam foundation were determined by back-analysis of displacement for lower water level in the reservoir. The prediction of displacement of dam was compared with the results of monitoring. The suggested procedure of 3D finite element computation coupling solid and temperature stresses can be used for other types of rock engineering.

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Recognition And Delineation Of A Landslide, Turkey, Lester M. Tyrala Jun 1993

Recognition And Delineation Of A Landslide, Turkey, Lester M. Tyrala

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Geological mapping, geophysical surveys, test pits, and shallow borings were used to identify and evaluate a site containing a landslide complex. An investigation was performed to characterize the extent and nature of the complex, determine the susceptibility to movement, and the potential for impact on a nearby proposed reservoir and dam. The methods of investigation established a relationship between the morphology, geology, and hydrology of the slide complex. The surface of the slide was initially identified by a series of scarps, seeps, and slopes. Seismic refraction and resistivity surveys were performed to determine depths to the basal failure surface and …

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Preloading Wastewater Treatment Plant Tanks, K. Lowery, A. N. Wagh, J. B. Falcon Jun 1993

Preloading Wastewater Treatment Plant Tanks, K. Lowery, A. N. Wagh, J. B. Falcon

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Storage tanks for a wastewater treatment plant were stage-loaded on weak compressible fine-grained soils. The in situ silt and sand layers/pockets present in the fine-grained soils were theorized to create sufficient drainage paths, so that the use of sand or wick drains were not required. Although the silt and sand layers/pockets were found to be discontinuous, "hydraulic fracturing" was expected to develop continuous drainage paths. A review of the extensive field investigation and geotechnical optimization of the site is presented. Details for the evaluation of the shear strength of the soils, the stage loading schedule and predicted settlements during loading …

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General Report Session No. 7: Case Histories Of Soil Improvement, Grouting, Geosynthetics, Dynamic Compaction, Vibroflotation, Blasting, And Other Methods, Donald Anderson, B. G. Rao, S. Yasuda, R. Jewell Jun 1993

General Report Session No. 7: Case Histories Of Soil Improvement, Grouting, Geosynthetics, Dynamic Compaction, Vibroflotation, Blasting, And Other Methods, Donald Anderson, B. G. Rao, S. Yasuda, R. Jewell

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Discussions And Replies Session 7, E. C. Shin, C. A. Dougherty, Aswath V. Rao, J. Blayne Kirsch, Arthur Pengelly, Kou-Roung Chang, Kenji Hayashi Jun 1993

Discussions And Replies Session 7, E. C. Shin, C. A. Dougherty, Aswath V. Rao, J. Blayne Kirsch, Arthur Pengelly, Kou-Roung Chang, Kenji Hayashi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Dynamic Compaction Prepares Supermarket Site, Nathan L. Whetten Jun 1993

Dynamic Compaction Prepares Supermarket Site, Nathan L. Whetten

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper presents a case in which dynamic compaction (DC) was used as site preparation for a proposed supermarket. The site was located immediately adjacent to a steep, 15 ft. high slope leading down to the Hudson River. Test borings revealed subsurface conditions consisting of uncontrolled miscellaneous fill extending 10 ft. below river level. Stability evaluations indicated that the slope was unstable under rapid drawdown conditions, and placement of the supermarket at the crest of the slope further decreased its stability. There were also concerns regarding possible differential settlement of the supermarket due to the variability of the fill. Dynamic …

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Vibroflotation For Ground Improvement — A Case Study, H. R. Sreekantiah Jun 1993

Vibroflotation For Ground Improvement — A Case Study, H. R. Sreekantiah

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A case study concerning the adoption of vibroflotation technique in a loosely filled up granular soil has been presented. The technical feasibility of the process of compaction has been established before execution of the work and the post compaction process consisted of monitoring the work by plate load tests and static cone penetration tests. The settlements of the foundations resting on the compacted granular soil have been monitored and they are well within the permissible limits. Hence this technique of compaction has been proved to be economical when compared to the adoption of deep foundation, like, the pile foundation.

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Restoration Of Road Embankment On Soft Bangkok Clay By Wet Jet Mixing Method, S. Kokkamhaeng Jun 1993

Restoration Of Road Embankment On Soft Bangkok Clay By Wet Jet Mixing Method, S. Kokkamhaeng

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Cement treatment was applied in restoration for a road embankment, at the entrance of the Royal Park Rama 9th, which failed during the final grade level construction. Dutch cone penetration tests were performed in order to obtain soil profile across the road embankment where very soft clay layer was found underneath. Cement slurry was pumped into the very soft to soft clay layers directly under the unstable embankment in order to form a stabilized zone of increasing undrained shear strength. Slope stability analyses by the simplified Bishop's method proved that, after the treatment, the embankment gained higher factor of safety.

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Case Histories Of Poor Quality Contingency Of Foundation Soil Improvement Of 50,000 Kiloliters Oil Storage Tank, Yi-Ji Wang, Jun-Jie Zheng, Ji-Ming Cui Jun 1993

Case Histories Of Poor Quality Contingency Of Foundation Soil Improvement Of 50,000 Kiloliters Oil Storage Tank, Yi-Ji Wang, Jun-Jie Zheng, Ji-Ming Cui

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper introduces case histories of poor quality contingency of foundation soil improvement of 50,000 kiloliters oil storage tanks. Inhomogeneity of soft and hard soil layers in oil tank area, and in the process of construction, effective improvement measures had not been taken, and this produced bad effects to oil tank.

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Port Of Wilmington Terminal Soil Improvement, James F. Cloonana Jun 1993

Port Of Wilmington Terminal Soil Improvement, James F. Cloonana

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The design and construction of the Chiquita Brands maintenance facility over deep soft compressible river silts presented numerous challenges which necessitated innovative engineering solutions. Selection of a suitable building foundation system required the owner to assess both the costs and risks associated with the alternatives. The facility was designed to allow vertical settlement while minimizing operational constraints. This paper presents a case history of the use of strip drain/surcharge soil stabilization and a shallow mat foundation system as a successful cost efficient alternative to traditional deep foundation design. Engineering monitoring and consultation during the strip drain installation, soil surcharge period …

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Surcharging Of Organic Silt Using Prefabricated Vertical Drains, T. H. Bedenis Jun 1993

Surcharging Of Organic Silt Using Prefabricated Vertical Drains, T. H. Bedenis

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A new Combined Sewage Overflow (CSO) basin was constructed in Saginaw, Michigan. The project required an 8.5 foot (2.6 m) diameter connecting sewer to be constructed under a 12 foot (3.7 m) high stockpile of spoil from the excavation for basin. The soil profile at the site contained a 32 foot (9 .8 m) thick layer of compressible organic silt. Since the weight of the stockpile was anticipated to cause settlement of the sewer, a surcharge was placed to preconsolidate the organic silt prior to construction of the sewer. Analysis indicated prefabricated vertical (PV) drains would be required to achieve …

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Performance Of Wick Drains In Boston Blue Clay, H. Abedi, J. Risitano, D. Yamane, K. Chin Jun 1993

Performance Of Wick Drains In Boston Blue Clay, H. Abedi, J. Risitano, D. Yamane, K. Chin

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The use of wick drains to accelerate the consolidation of soft clays is a cost effective alternative to the use of pile foundations. This paper presents a case history of using wick drains to accelerate the consolidation of a 5. 7 acre area in Metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Boston Blue Clay was encountered approximately 25 to 40 ft below existing grade with varied thickness and consistency. Wick drains were installed to a depth of 70 ft in a triangular pattern. Geotechnical instruments were installed to monitor the settlement of clay with time. As a result of the preconsolidation program, about …

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The Compaction Effects Of Vibroflotation Method On A Weak And Liquefiable Silt, K. Chen, H. Liu Jun 1993

The Compaction Effects Of Vibroflotation Method On A Weak And Liquefiable Silt, K. Chen, H. Liu

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Vibroflotation method has been used to improve sandy soils, especially to eliminate soil liquefaction in earthquake region. However, some arguments still exist about the effectiveness of this method in treating liquefiable silt. This paper presents an example of the application of this method to a very loose and highly potentially liquefiable silt. Along with the soil treatment construction, a series of in-situ testing were conducted. The tests showed that the silt has been improved significantly, together with the gravel piles, forming the composite foundation, and can bear both static loads from weight of structure and dynamic load from the earthquake.

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Soil Improvement Method Using Low Strength Pile With Permeability, Yoshio Wakame, Masato Majima Jun 1993

Soil Improvement Method Using Low Strength Pile With Permeability, Yoshio Wakame, Masato Majima

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In order to reduce differential settlement and prevent heaving of surrounding ground due to fill loading, a new method using low strength pile with permeability has been devised. The pile material have been composed of hydraulic granulated slag and 12-20% cement of slag. After the design method having been presented on basis of model loading test result, soil improvement have been put to practical use with sand drain method. As a result, it have been confirmed that this method has been effective for reduction settlement, prevention heaving and same drainage as sand drain method.

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Instrumented Caissons At The Ibm Building, Baltimore, S. Kesavanathan, D. W. Kozera Jun 1993

Instrumented Caissons At The Ibm Building, Baltimore, S. Kesavanathan, D. W. Kozera

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two of the caissons supporting the 26-story IBM office building were instrumented to evaluate the load transfer mechanism from caissons to the surrounding soil and rock. These drilled shafts extended through loose alluvial stratum, a stratum of dense sands and silts, a disintegrated rock stratum, and were founded in the underlying Amphibolite bedrock. Evaluation of mobilized skin friction and end bearing for one of the caissons are presented in this study. Instrumentation consisted of vibrating wire total load cells and embedded strain gauges. Total load cells were installed at the bottom of the caissons to measure the end bearing pressure. …

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Dynamic Compaction Using Select Fill Displacement Methods, Jean C. Dumas, Nelson F. Beaton, Jean-François Morel Jun 1993

Dynamic Compaction Using Select Fill Displacement Methods, Jean C. Dumas, Nelson F. Beaton, Jean-François Morel

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Since its development as a full-fledged soil compaction technique by Louis Menard in the late 1960s, the Dynamic Compaction method has evolved considerably and has become an increasingly efficient ground improvement system. Among the special techniques borne out of this evolution is the use of Dynamic Compaction to create large-diameter columns using select granular material. This method serves to not only provide increased support and better distribution of imposed loads through the columns themselves, but also augments the capability of the process in improving the host soils to a depth and degree not possible using conventional DC methods. Three case …

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Improvement Of Soft Clay For 50000 M3 Oil Storage Tank, Shiming Wu, Yunmin Chen, Wei Feng Jun 1993

Improvement Of Soft Clay For 50000 M3 Oil Storage Tank, Shiming Wu, Yunmin Chen, Wei Feng

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A design of soil improvement for building a petroleum storage tank with a capacity of 50000 M3, and its construction are presented in this paper. Mono-axis deep mixing technique was applied for this project. Laboratory and in-situ test on cemented soil both for static and dynamic properties were conducted, based on which analysis of strength for static and seismic loading can be used for the practice of the project.

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Compaction Columns Field Tests In Heterogeneous Soil Profile, Carlos Blanco, Bernardo Villegas, Jose Sgambatti Jun 1993

Compaction Columns Field Tests In Heterogeneous Soil Profile, Carlos Blanco, Bernardo Villegas, Jose Sgambatti

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two pilot tests were conducted on two different areas to evaluate the effects of compaction columns on the engineering properties of a sand-clay layered soil profile. In the first field test, 120 stone columns were constructed using vibro replacement and casing-ramming techniques, in a equilateral triangular array with different spacing. In the second field test, 20 stone columns were constructed using casing-ramming technique, in a equilateral triangular array spaced 3m c/ c. In order to evaluate, the stone columns effectiveness and effects, both a detailed in-situ testing and instrumentation programs were planned to be carried out in five different stages. …

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Field Study Of An Oil Tank On Stone Column Ground, Jie Han, Shulin Ye Jun 1993

Field Study Of An Oil Tank On Stone Column Ground, Jie Han, Shulin Ye

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two SPTs and two CPTs for ground before and after stabilization, three static loading tests for the stabilized ground with stone columns were performed. It was found that stone columns strengthened the resistance to seismic liquefaction of a saturated clayey silt layer and increased the ground bearing capacity two times. From a water preloading test of an oil tank on the improved ground it was obtained that stone columns not only decreased the total and differential settlement of the tank but also speeded the consolidation rate of the ground. Stone columns also reduced the initial excess pore water pressures developed …

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Soil Strengthening Of Sutlej-Yamuna Link Canal Power Houses In Punjab, India, K. C. Verma Jun 1993

Soil Strengthening Of Sutlej-Yamuna Link Canal Power Houses In Punjab, India, K. C. Verma

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two Hydro Power Houses are under construction on the Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal emanating from river Sutlej at Nangal in the State of Punjab, India. These Power Houses, one (2X18 MW) at Ropar and another (2X7.45Mw) at Rajpura had silty-clay soil strata with heterogeneous dispersion under the Power House. Further bearing capacity of the foundation was much lower than the impressed loads and settlements were heavy, while permissible tilt in the vertical shafts of the Hydro-generating machines is 3 mm in 10M height. So it was necessary to provide strengthening measures at both the sites. For Ropar Hydel Power House …

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Site Geology And Tunneling Methods, S. K. Jain Jun 1993

Site Geology And Tunneling Methods, S. K. Jain

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Site geology, subsurface and ground water conditions play a vital role in the design of underground structures and the selection of appropriate construction methods and equipments. This paper describes a tunnel project where site subsoils and geo-hydrology dictated the use of various tunneling methods employed at the site. The project is an interceptor sewer tunnel in Staten Island, New York, as a part of the Oakwood Beach Water Pollution Control Project, and consists of two pumping stations and approximately 6.5 miles of sewer along Hylan Boulevard, as shown on Figure 1. The diameter of the tunnel varies from 66 to …

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Distress — Cause And Effect: A Diagnostic Study, K. Madhavan, R. Janardhanam Jun 1993

Distress — Cause And Effect: A Diagnostic Study, K. Madhavan, R. Janardhanam

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Detailed site investigation, rigorous analysis and smart design of any engineering project prove to offer a successful product provided Quality Control and Quality Assurance are enforced during the construction phase. Failure to comply with QA/QC led to premature distress and extensive damage. A typical case, where negligence to address extenuating problems that arose during the construction stage resulted in severe damage is investigated and reported. Post-construction diagnostic study to unravel the cause and effect is presented.

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General Report Session No. 8 & 9: Forensic Engineering — "Where Things Went Wrong". Geo-Economy-Adequate Geotechnical Solution, Allen W. Hatheway, John Brodie, Larry P. Jedele Jun 1993

General Report Session No. 8 & 9: Forensic Engineering — "Where Things Went Wrong". Geo-Economy-Adequate Geotechnical Solution, Allen W. Hatheway, John Brodie, Larry P. Jedele

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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