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Treatment Of Soft Soils By Dynamic Compaction, Kejing Chen, Huishan Liu, Robert Lo

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper reports a case study on treatment of soft days by dynamic compaction. A special technique adopted in this project allowed massive stiff columns to be formed under the impact locations, and the soils between these impact locations to be replaced and mixed with granular fills, hence creating a composite foundation. The comprehensive field investigation showed that the allowable bearing capacity of the treated ground (as a composite foundation) was 350 kPa, a significant increase compared with that of untreated ground (70 kPa). The achieved stiffness modulus of the composite foundation was 24 MPa.

An Investigation Into The Causes Of Building Cracks On The Rear Scarp Of A Major Landslip, V. S. Hope, C. R. I. Clayton, M. C. Matthews

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper concerns a building constructed on the rear scarp of a major lands lip in the London Clay. Since its construction, the structure has shown significant cracking which has worsened with time. The paper describes how, using a systematic process of observation and interpretation, the principal cause of cracking was eventually identified. This case history is of value to engineers as a cautionary tale in which the most obvious answer is not necessarily the correct one.

Sinkhole Dropouts Due To Underground Utility Installation On Construction Sites, Matthew A. Dettman

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The karst geologic setting of south-central Kentucky presents many challenges to engineers and construction firms. Karst areas are characterized by numerous sinkholes and subsurface drainage systems that can include caves, regolith arches, and highly irregular bedrock surfaces. The increased commercial and residential development in south central Kentucky, particularly Bowling Green which is in Warren County, has created an increased interest in the existence and location of these unmapped karst features, particularly regolith arches. Regolith arches arc formed by the downward movement affine-grained soils as a result of water infiltration from the ground surface into subsurface drainage systems. The reason for …

A Case Study Of The Application Of Lightweight Fill For The Restoration Of An Interchange Ramp, T. C. Kim, S. Q. Ahmad, T. J. Kazmierowski

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A highway embankment and a sanitary sewer were constructed in the City of London, Ontario, Canada. During construction, a manhole settled approximately 1.5m. There were signs of rotational movement and slope instability in the interchange ramp embankment itself. These movements were attributed to insufficient removal of a deep deposit of peat beneath the ramp embankment identified in the original site investigation.

As part of remedial work, additional peat was removed and replaced with compacted sand. Despite these measures, the manhole continued to settle. Monitoring over a period of 30 months showed that the manhole settled by an additional 260mm.

Four …

Experimental Approach Embankments At Salt Fork River Bridges On Us 177 And Their Initial Performance, John M. Benson, Donald R. Snethen

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper presents preliminary findings based on the initial performance evaluation of five approach embankments used in a bridge replacement project over the Salt Fork of the Arkansas River on US Highway 177 in Noble and Kay Counties, Oklahoma. The research involved instrumentation and measurement of four experimental approach embankments and one control approach embankment, all with similar dimensions. Instrumentation inc1uded total pressure cells to measure lateral earth pressure against the abutment wall, inclinometer casings to measure lateral movement of the backfill material and abutment walls, telescoping couplings on the inclinometer casings to measure settlement of the backfill and foundation, …

Failure Of A Pipeline In An 800-Year Old Debris Fill, D. G. Anderson, C. C. Sundberg, R. J. Robertson

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In June of 1994 a 20-m section of 1.4-m diameter, restrained-joint, ductile iron pipe failed during construction of a new section of water pipeline for the city of Cairo in the Arab Republic of Egypt. The failure occurred in an area where the pipe was supported on piles, and compacted silica sand was used as side support for the pipe. Soil above the crown of the failed section of pipe was 6 m or more in thickness. Results of a detailed review of the failure revealed that a number of unique and related factors apparently caused the failure. The most …

Geotechnical Risk And Reliability From Theory To Practice, Lenka S. Timiovska

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Indeterminate combined with evaluating the safety of existing lifeline systems are, large and here one would expect format risk and reliability techniques to have found their most urgent need. Besides, risk analysis has languished in safety practice, is only now beginning to appear in established safety programs in my country. It is of interest to explore the reasons why this has been so, and to point the way to the adaptations that are necessary if risk analysis is to assume its deserved role in life-line systems and related areas of geotechnical practice. This paper has proposed that geotechnical conditions are …

Identification Of Potential Seepage Locations Along The Herbert Hoover Dike, Lake Okeechobee Fl., By Electromagnetic Geophysical Method. Prediction And Confirmation., Anthony L. Dipiero, Robert Ross, Samuel R. Honeycutt, Richard D. Lewis

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This case history demonstrates the use of electromagnetic (EM) induction methods to examine known seepage locations and then predict future ones along the Herbert Hoover Dike (HHD) in south central Florida. The HHD forms an embankment dam 20 to 30 feet high and 140 miles long surrounding Lake Okeechobee. Approximately 26 miles of embankment was surveyed with EM induction. The objective of the EM survey was to identify active and potential foundation seepage locations and conduits. Areas of greater conductivity were often associated with seepage locations observed during a record high water event in October, 1995. These problems included boils …

Shopping Center Saved By Short Aggregate Piers, Thomas W. Blackburn, Tom M. Farrell

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

We were faced with an extraordinary geotechnical challenge; our client wanted to support large tilt wa11 buildings and pavements for a 32 acre Commercial Shopping Center on 5 to 8 feet of saturated, I lo 3 blow/foot hydraulically placed fill. To make matters more difficult, the site was in the seismically active Napa Valley. We offered 3 solutions; 2 conventional, and 1 unconventional. Our conventional solutions consisted of: 1) piers founded in the normally consolidated clay below the hydraulic fill, or, 2) over-excavation and replacement of the upper 5 to 8 feet of highly unstable soil. Our unconventional solution consisted …

Stability Analysis Corresponding To A New Bridge Abutments, Anton Chirică, Mircea Galer

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper refers to the foundation design of a bridge situated on active landslides in the under-carpathian zone, in the South - Eastern part of Romania. The design philosophy involves two possible sliding mass stabilisation measures: a). to develop retaining works on each brook's bank separately to the bridge foundations system; b). to design the foundations themselves so that they should be able to support the earth thrust induced by the banks instability. In order to choose the optimal solution, geological and geotechnical researches were performed. Finally, the solution of a discontinuous retaining structure located upstream the bridge abutments was …

Steel Industry-Wastes As New Materials For Road Construction, Sudhir Mathur, Praveen Kumar, A. V. S. R. Murty

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A large number of steel plants have been set up in India and they are producing several million tonnes of iron and steel. However, the production of iron and steel is always associated with the generation of waste materials like air cooled slag, steel slag, granulated slag and flyash etc. These materials are posing serious problems of disposal and causing environmental pollution. Road Construction is one such sector where these materials can be utilised in bulk. CRRI started a few projects sponsored by Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), and all these materials were tested on a big scale in …

Capping Of An Extremely Soft Neutralised Uranium Tailings − A Case History In Environmental Geomechanics, Y. Sheng, P. Peter, Y. Wei, A. R. Milnes

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The environmental regulation for Ranger Uranium Mine, in the Northern Territory, Australia, requires the stored tailings (irrespective of where they are finally stored, whether in a tailings dam or in mined-out pits) be capped safely to minimise contamination, erosion and radon gas emission, and also to enable the site to be rehabilitated through revegetation. The hydraulically deposited neutralised tailings in the existing tailings dam have a ‘gel-like’ structure which hinders the consolidation process. Consequently, the in situ tailings have a high water content, low permeability and extremely low shear strength. The present paper describes the case history of a successful …

Case Histories Of Two Kinds Of Composite Function − Constructing Buildings Over-Crossing Canals, Niu Zhirong, Zhou Changyong

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two kinds of ground treatment methods of two buildings with 6 stories over-crossing irrigation canal will be inquired in the paper. The author analyses and compares respectively the design methods, action mechanisms, construction methods and treatment effects of sand column, powder deep mixing method (PDM), and chooses the best ground treatment method from the two. Moreover, the reason why the effects of obliterating liquefaction with PDM are little is discussed in the paper.

Effects Of Effluents Of Industrial Waste On Soil Properties (A Case Study Of Nandesari Area, Vadodara), D. L. Shah, A. V. Shroff

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Around Vadodara City (Gujarat) number of chemical industries dispose of water, air and oil based pollutant everyday. The pollution process in soil due to the industrial effluent discharge on to the land and its effect on the geotechnical properties of soil arc discussed in the present case study. Uncontrolled exploitation of the natural resources have resulted in an unanticipated soil behaviour due to environmental degradation. This resulted in an increased interest in the study of environmental geotechnics which is a means of forecasting soil behaviour to the changing environment.

The Environmental Remediation Of Clark Island − A Former Alliedsignal Inc. Site, Romeo Ciubotariu, Charles E. Schneeberger, Marie-Claude Wilson, William J. Hague

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Clark Island is a 63 ha island located in Lake St-Francis, part of the St-Lawrence River, Québec, Canada. Since the early 40s the island has been used for the production of mineral acids by its fanner owner, Allied Chemicals Limited. Acidic wastes were placed over large portions of the island. The presence of these waste materials together with contaminated soils was identified as a potential threat to the nearby river water quality as well as to the underlying bedrock groundwater quality. A major remedial investigation and feasibility study was initiated in 1987. The approved scope of the remediation project included …

Procedure To Predict Settlement Of Solid Waste Landfills Using Power Creep Law, Sanjeev Kumar

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Settlement prediction of solid waste landfills is important for their post-closure operation. Estimation of settlement of refuse is complex because of the mechanism of settlement and heterogeneity of the refuse. Several methods are available to predict the settlement of solid waste landfills. Based on the analysis of published measured data of four landfills, a unique relationship was recently developed between reference compressibility and rate of compression to predict refuse settlement using Power Creep Law. A step-by-step procedure is proposed to predict refuse settlement by using the Power Creep Law at a site for which the data from laboratory or field …

Regulatory, Environmental And Geotechnical Solutions To Construction Of A Roadway Embankment Over A Landfill, Victor A. Modeer, Mary C. Lamie

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The new Illinois Route 143 alignment was constructed with the new Clark Bridge that crosses the Mississippi River in Alton, Illinois. The new bridge forced the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) to cross the Alton Commons Landfill with a new alignment. Approximately 318 meters of embankment with fill heights ranging between 4.5 to 7.6 meters were constructed on top of the landfill. An Environmental Impairment Assessment, Preliminary Site Assessment (PSA), Phase II and Phase III investigations were completed in 1989 and 1990. Using "Brownfield" concepts, the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) approved the alignment construction without having to remediate the …

Pile Foundation Construction For The Buckman Bridge Jacksonville, Florida, Raymond J. Castelli, Mohamad Hussein

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the geotechnical issues related to pile foundation construction for the widening of the 1-295 Buckman Bridge over the St. John's River in Jacksonville. Florida. The project included a total of 1351 prestressed concrete piles, with sizes up to 30-inchcs (762-mm) square and design capacities up to 205 tons (1,820 kN). The paper highlights the application of dynamic testing as a routine and essential quality control measure during construction, and presents summaries of the dynamic test data obtained. Issues addressed include increased pile capacity with time after driving, unit friction and end bearing values, hammer efficiency, driving stresses, …

Toward Earthquake Resilient Cities In The 21st Century: Reduction Of Community Vulnerability, Walter W. Hays

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The focus of this paper is on earthquakes and earthquake-resilient communities in the United States. The paper describes what we have learned from the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) and how we can build upon these experiences as we continue working toward the worldwide goal of natural-hazard-resilient cities in the 21st century.

Case Histories Of Foundations. Paper No. Gr-I, Alan J. Lutenegger, Carole L. B. Mitchell

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Case Histories Of Geological, Rock And Mining Engineering Including Underground Structures And Excavations. Paper No. Gr-Vi, Christopher G. Mueller, M. Kavvadas, Baoshan Huang

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Case Histories Of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering. Paper No. Gr-Iii, Ahmed-W. Elgamal, Marshall Lew

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Case Histories Of New Solutions To Traditional Geotechnical Problems. Paper No. Gr-Ix, Vijay K. Puri, Tom Blackburn, John M. Benson

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Case Histories Of Retaining Structures And Deep Excavations. Paper No. Gr-V, Raj V. Siddharthan, Arni E. Rafnsson

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Conference Snapshots, Multiple Participants

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Safety Of Dams Modifications Of Ochoco Dam − Crooked River Project, Oregon, Brent H. Carter, Richard A. Link

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Ochoco Dam, a hydraulic fill structure, was completed in 1920 and is located just east of Prineville, Oregon. Foundation units consist of a massive landslide, talus/alluvial fan complex, alluvium, and John Day Formation. Dam embankment right-abutment seepage occurred during first filling. Upstream right-abutment treatment in 1921 reduced this seepage from an estimated 43 cfs to approximately 28 cfs. Further modifications were completed in 1950 reducing seepage to approximately 12 cfs. As part of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation's dam safety program, geotechnical investigations were started in 1985. Following this program, erratic piezometer readings in 1989 and sinkhole development along the …

Abnormal Wall Movements Of A Steel Silo Caused By Paddy Rice Storage, Minh Phong Luong

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The particular rheological behaviour of paddy rice and husked rice, that is readily determined in laboratory using the conventional triaxial apparatus, provided a realistic interpretation of an unusual case history occurred on a large rice storage steel silo Subsequently 11 suggested minor modifications, but quite sufficient to ensure the facility availability at different stages of rice storage.

Experiences Of The Support Designs In The Two Large Underground Openings In India, R. K. Goel, J. L. Jethwa, A. K. Dube

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Support requirements for two caverns arc worked out by empirical and the numerical approaches. The adequacy of the shotcrete-rock bolt support system is monitored by measuring the deformations of caverns walls and roof. The measurements are compared with the results obtained from the numerical approach. Brief geology, the supports, and the results of performance monitoring are presented in the paper.

Using Simulation To Model Time Utilization Of Army Recruiters, James D. Cordeiro Jr., Mark A. Friend

Theses and Dissertations

It is a well-known fact Army recruiters work very long hours in a demanding environment. In many cases, recruiting stations are geographically isolated from military bases, with recruiters often tolerating a high cost of living, crime, and other such adverse conditions that characterize the communities they work in. The job itself demands self-starting, motivated individuals with a wide range of skills, from street-savvy to salesmanship, in order to succeed. A number of factors in recent years have made military recruiting more difficult, which include scandals involving highly-placed soldiers and changes in attitudes towards military service among eligible men and women. …

Flight Physician - March, 1998, Civil Aviation Medical Association

Browse all Civil Aviation Medical Association Newsletters

A sixteen page newsletter of the Civil Aviation Medical Association. The newsletter provided news about civil aviation medicine and information related to the organization.