Engineering Commons^™

Towards An Iot-Enabled Digital Earth For Sdgs: The Data Quality Challenge, Msb Syed, Paula Kelly, Paul Stacey, Damon Berry

Articles

Digital Earth (DE), a technology offering real-time visualisation of Earth's processes, has shown promising results in aiding decision-making for a sustainable world, raising awareness about individual impacts on our planet, and supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) agenda. However, both DE and SDGs face a common obstacle: Data Quality (DQ). This review investigates the challenge of DQ in the context of DE for SDGs and explores how IoT can address this challenge and extend the reach of DE to support SDGs. Furthermore, the study discusses three core aspects; first, the potential of IoT as a data source …

Long-Distance Photon-Mediated And Short-Distance Entangling Gates In Three-Qubit Quantum Dot Spin Systems, Nooshin M. Estakhri, Ada Warren, Sophia E. Economou, Edwin Barnes

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Superconducting resonator couplers will likely become an essential component in modular semiconductor quantum dot (QD) spin qubit processors, as they help alleviate crosstalk and wiring issues as the number of qubits increases. Here, we focus on a three-qubit system composed of two modules: a two-electron triple QD resonator coupled to a single-electron double QD. Using a combination of analytical techniques and numerical results, we derive an effective Hamiltonian that describes the three-qubit logical subspace and show that it accurately captures the dynamics of the system. We examine the performance of short-range and long-range entangling gates, revealing the effect of a …

Durability Investigation Of Ultra-Thin Polyurethane Wearing Course For Asphalt Pavement, Wenguang Wang, Baodong Liu, Dongzhao Jin, Miao Yu, Junsen Zeng

Michigan Tech Publications

In this study, a wear-resistant ultra-thin wear layer was fabricated with polyurethane as an adhesive to investigate its durability for pavement applications. Its road performance was investigated based on indoor tests. First, the abrasion test was performed using a tire–pavement dynamic friction analyzer (TDFA), and the surface elevation information of the wear layer was obtained by laser profile scanning. The relationship between the anti-skid properties of the wear layer and the macro-texture was analyzed. Second, a Fourier infrared spectrometer and scanning electron microscope were employed to analyze the evolution of polyurethane aging properties in the pull-out test and accelerated ultraviolet …

Monte Carlo Calculations Of Target Fragments From Helium And Carbon Ion Interactions With Water, Quazi Muhammad Rashed Nizam, Asif Ahmed, Iftekhar Ahmed, Lembit Sihver

Informatics and Engineering Systems Faculty Publications

When high energetic heavy ions interact with any target, short range, high linear energy transfer (LET) target fragments are produced. These target fragments (TFs) can give a significant dose to the healthy tissue during heavy ion cancer therapy, and when cosmic radiation interacts with astronauts. This paper presents Monte Carlo simulations, using the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS), to characterize target fragments from reactions of helium and carbon ions with water. The calculated ranges, LET, doses, and production cross sections are presented. It is shown that protons, deuterons, tritons, alpha particles, 3He, 6He, …

Novel Insights On The Setting Process, Hardened Properties, And Durability Of Sustainable Ultra-High-Performance Seawater Sea Sand Concrete, Wei Zhang, Dawei Ding, Jianxing Sun, Feng Guo, Haibao Feng, Hongyan Ma, Shuxian Hong, Biqin Dong, Dongshuai Hou

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Using seawater and sea sand to prepare concrete could effectively alleviate the shortage of freshwater and river sand resources and promote the sustainable development of concrete. However, the current research on the setting process, hardened properties, and sustainability of ultra-high-performance seawater sea sand concrete (UHPSSC) remain considerably limited. In this paper, the UHPSSC was designed to mitigate the autogenous shrinkage and enhance the sustainability, and the effect of seawater, untreated and desalinated sea sand on the setting process, mechanical properties, durability, and sustainability was explored by various tests. Results show that the abundant ions (e.g., Cl- and SO42-) in seawater …

Enhancing Human Aging Proteins Detection Based On Bio-Structural Deep Clustering Network, Sondos M. Hammad, Mohamed Talaat Saidahmed, Elsayed A. Sallam, Reda Elbasiony

Journal of Engineering Research

Aging is a major risk factor for numerous chronic diseases and declines in physical and cognitive functions, making it a critical focus of research. Identifying biomarkers that signify biological aging is crucial for developing interventions that can potentially delay age-related diseases. Among these biomarkers, human aging proteins are of significant interest. However, laboratory experiments to discover aging proteins are complex, costly, and time-consuming. Often focusing on single proteins at a time. To address this challenge, we used a clustering algorithm to detect potential human aging proteins. This approach aims to aid biologists in their experimental efforts. Deep clustering, particularly simultaneous …

The Path Of Al-Qanal Street (Al-Khashab Canal) In Maadi Area Between Preservation And Development, Kamal Mahmoud Elgabalawy

Journal of Engineering Research

Preserving and developing the main traffic routes within the areas of distinctive value is an important topic, as they contain buildings and villas with a distinctive architectural style in addition to the distinctive general character. The path of Al-Qanal Street, Al-Khashab Canal, was previously chosen due to its importance, as it is located in Al-Sarayat within the Maadi area of distinctive value. It is located in the heart of Maadi within a classified area with a protection zone (A), which means a maximum protection zone, in addition to the fear of turning the path of Al-Qanal Street into a fast …

Evaluation Of Virtual Distance Learning And Teaching In The Architectural Design Studio Experience Of Professors And Students Of The College Of Architecture And Planning - Qassim University - Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia., Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alhrabi

Journal of Engineering Research

The paper deals with the evaluation of distance learning of the architectural design studio during the Corona pandemic, and the extent to which distance learning and teaching were achieved between the professor and the student. The paper aims to share and evaluate the experience of distance learning and teaching of the architectural design studio, in the College of Architecture and Planning at Qassim University. The research problem is that the Corona virus crisis generates many ideas for educational programs and media, but there is a deficiency in knowledge of many programs that achieve the continuity of the educational process remotely, …

Designing Adaptive Facades Using Biomimicry For Improving Daylighting In Office Building: A Case Study Of Cairo, Egypt, Hosam Abd El-Aziz Amr, Nada Essam

Journal of Engineering Research

The paper explores the use of biomimicry to enhance façade design and improve daylighting performance in office buildings in Cairo, Egypt. By emulating natural processes, adaptive facades were developed to increase energy efficiency and occupant comfort. Initial studies examined biomimicry principles and international case studies of adaptive facades. Simulations of a façade inspired by the Gazania flower's nyctinasty movement showed significant improvements: the area achieving optimal illuminance (300-3000 lux) increased from 24.2% to 37.4%, and Spatial Daylight Autonomy (SDA) has decreased from 82% to 68%. These findings demonstrate biomimicry's effectiveness in addressing daylighting challenges in hot climates. The research underscores …

Mouasla: Integrating Iot And Ai For An Intelligent Trans-Portation Payment System, Hany El-Ghaish Dr., Haitham Darweesh

Journal of Engineering Research

Smart payment systems have emerged as vital components of global public transportation, offering passengers a more efficient and convenient fare payment method. The Mouasla system addresses traditional payment limitations through IoT devices and AI-backed backend services. Features of Mouasla It employs RFID smart card and IoT features from the device to ensure all components such as a card reader function, driver functions, charging units function, and payment are combined with this system alongside a mobile application for quick access backend services. Each passenger dataset is analyzed by an AI-powered backend service to provide insight that can be used to improve …

Mutual Seismic Interaction Between Rigid Pile Inclusions And Surrounding Soft Soil Formation, Mohamed Mohamed Ahmed Abdelmotaal Eng., Ayman Lotfy Fayed Prof., Tamer Mohamed Sorour Associate Prof.

Journal of Engineering Research

This study aims to investigate the mutual interaction between rigid Pile Inclusions (PI) and the surrounding soft formations, such as soft to medium stiff silty Clay. The studied area is located at New Mansoura City, Nile Delta, Egypt, where the soil formation consists of a surface silty Sand layer with a depth of 4m, followed by 15m-thick Soft Clay formation. The third layer is medium dense to dense sand extending to a depth of 40, followed by a deep layer of very dense sand.

The Finite Element Method (FEM) is utilized to simulate this sophisticated seismic geotechnical problem, using PLAXIS-2D …

A Review Of Effective Urban Strategies For Enhancing Pedestrian Thermal Comfort In High-Temperature Urban Environments, Norhan Mahmoud Mohamed Ibrahim Ali, Ahmed H. Aboulsaadat, Ingy I. El-Darwish, Ayman Gamal Eldin Ahmed Abdel Tawab

Journal of Engineering Research

Abstract- Pedestrian well-being is significantly influenced by the feeling of being thermally comfortable, and enhancing this comfort level contributes to the overall walkability. This study extensively compares the impact of different approaches in enhancing thermal comfort for pedestrians. The evaluation encompasses both fieldwork observations and computer simulations results. The investigated strategies include the urban geometry (arrangement, orientation and shape of urban structures), vegetation, solar-reflective materials, and water features. These strategies are considered the most effective means for improving outdoor thermal comfort. The findings reveal that the key climatic factors influencing outdoor thermal comfort in a microclimate are mean radiant temperature, …

Investigating The Influence Of Confinement Stress And Concrete Type On The Performance Of Precast Segmental Dry Shear-Keyed Joints, Khaled Ramzy, Mahmoud Ahmed Abdel Aziz Mohammed

Journal of Engineering Research

This investigative research delves into the correlation between dry joint ultimate load and varied applied confinement stress levels – low at 2 MPa, moderate at 4 MPa, and high at 6 MPa – within structural joints. The focus is on diverse configurations of shear key quantities (single, dual, and triple shear keys) within these joints. Additionally, an examination was conducted on the influence of concrete types –Normal Strength Concrete (NSC) rated at 30 MPa, High Strength Concrete (HSC) at 60 MPa, and Ultra-High Strength Concrete (UHSC) at 120 MPa – alongside the aforementioned confinement stress levels on load capacity. The …

Joining Wood Plastic Composites Using A New Self-Reacting Friction Stir Toolset – A Comparative Study, Mohamed Moustafa Elmeligy Mr, Ahmed Elkassas, Ammar H. Elsheikh

Journal of Engineering Research

Wood-plastic composite (WPC) is an environmentally friendly material that promotes the recycling of wood and plastic waste. However, there is a notable lack of research on methods for joining these materials. This study introduces an innovative approach using a uniquely designed self-reacting friction stir toolset specifically for WPC joining. The performance of this new toolset is evaluated against prior research that employed a hot-shoe friction stir welding toolset on a WPC with a different composition. The study focuses on key parameters such as revolutions per welding line (RPWL), rotational speed, and welding speed, emphasizing their critical impact on the quality …

Optimal Site Layout Planning For Construction Projects Over Waterways, Rana M. Azzam, Nashwa Mohamed Yossef Prof, Adel I. Eldosouky Prof

Journal of Engineering Research

Construction site layout planning is an important part of a project's success. An effective construction layout plan can enhance the performance of the construction process by improving productivity, ensuring safety, and reducing costs. Given the importance of bridges over a waterway and the lack of interest in previous research for planning a construction site over a waterway. This paper concentrates on the problems of site planning for such projects, including the problem of limited site space. The study indicated that constructing an offshore terminal is one of the primary requirements for projects with limited space being carried out on a …

Decision-Making In Diagnosing Heart Failure Problems Using Dual Hesitant Fuzzy Sets, Manar Mohamed Omran, Reham Abdel-Aziz Abo-Khadra

Journal of Engineering Research

In recent decades, several types of sets, such as fuzzy sets, interval-valued fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets, type 2 fuzzy sets, type n fuzzy sets, and hesitant fuzzy sets, have been introduced and investigated widely. In this paper, we propose dual hesitant fuzzy sets (DHFSs), which encompass fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, hesitant fuzzy sets, and fuzzy multi-sets as special cases. Then we investigate the basic operations and properties of DHFSs. We also discuss the relationships among the sets mentioned above, and then propose an extension principle of DHFSs. Additionally, we give an example to illustrate …

Influence Of Concrete Jacketing On The Performance Of Steel Columns Under Blast Induced Progressive Collapse, Hanan Eltobgy Prof., Mohamed Saeed Refaey Dr., Mohamed Ahmed Aboshok Dr., Ahmed Emadel-Din Abdel-Aal Eng.

Journal of Engineering Research

This study investigates the influence of concrete jacketing on the performance of steel columns subjected to blast loading, which can lead to progressive collapse. Using Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations, the research evaluates concrete-encased steel columns with different concrete cover thicknesses to measure their resistance to lateral displacements induced by blasts. Findings reveal that increasing the thickness of the concrete cover markedly improves the column's ability to withstand such loads. The study also highlights that steel has better energy dissipation properties than concrete. It examines how the combined challenges of progressive collapse and blast loading influence the overall structural response …

Numerical Study Of Flow Control On An Asymmetric Beveled Trailing Edge, M. M. Mosallem, Zienab A. Ahmed

Journal of Engineering Research

The current research aims to numerically study the effect of inserting a small rod into the wake of an asymmetric beveled trailing edge on the hydrodynamic forces and wake structure. The test model used in this study is a blunt-faced flat plate of thickness H and having an asymmetrical 60° beveled trailing edge. A control rod with diameter d = 0.2 H was inserted into two different locations (Location (1); x/H = 0.18, y/H = 1.0) and (Location (2); x/H = 0.28, y/H = 0.9) behind the trailing edge. Unsteady 2D numerical simulation was performed at Reynolds number, …

Characterization Of Wood Plastic Composites Made Of Rice Straw And Recycled Low-Density Polyethylene, Waleed Mohamed Hassona Dr., Ahmed Elkassas, Nader Zaafarani

Journal of Engineering Research

In this work, the physical and mechanical properties of a fabricated wood-plastic composite (WPC) in accordance with the internationally recognized standard are investigated. The wood-plastic composite is made from recycled low-density polyethylene and mechanically processed rice straw fibers by using a specially designed extrusion machine. From the physical test, it was found that the newly developed WPC has low water absorption and thickness swelling compared to the standard limits. The mechanical tests revealed an improvement of the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity by the increase of fiber content to 65%. The highest recorded values of the modulus of …

Numerical Study On Enhancing The Geotechnical Behavior Of Strip Footings On Oil-Contaminated Sand Using Stone Columns, Ahmad Nasr, Waseim Azzam, Mohamed Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelrehem

Journal of Engineering Research

Ground improvement techniques are frequently employed in construction sites characterized by weak soil conditions that may result in suboptimal performance. The use of ordinary and encased stone columns aims to enhance endurance, shear strength, and soil hardness, thereby mitigating settlement issues and expediting the consolidation of contaminated sand soils. In this research, a comprehensive investigation involving 74 cases was conducted to assess the behavior of both ordinary stone columns and encased stone columns under strip footing in contaminated sand subgrade. The objective was to discern the impact and characteristics of encapsulation in comparison to encapsulated stone columns, employing a Finite …

A Parallel Methodology For Early Fake News Detection Based On Hybrid Features On Social Media, Asmaa Mohemed Elsaieed Dr

Journal of Engineering Research

The increased use of social media platforms has made it easier to publish and distribute news items, but it has also opened up new opportunities for distributing fake news. Fake news is information that has been written with the goal of misleading or deceiving readers. As a result, there is a need for efficient false news identification tools where the information can be gathered from the text of posts or from publicly available social data (such as user information or feedback on articles or the social network). The detection of fake news in its early stages is a major challenge. …

The Effect Of Road Profile On The Performance Of A Full Car Suspension Model Ride Comfort., Bassem Nashaat Zakher Assistant Professor, Ibrahim Mahmoud El Fahham Professor, Mostafa Mohamed Mohamed Associated Professor, Mohamed Abdelfattah Elgohary Associated Professor

Journal of Engineering Research

A full-car eight-degrees of freedom model is used to investigate the dynamic response of vehicles subjected to different road profiles on ride comfort. Two road profiles are used in this study, which include the effect of the vehicle mass and moment of inertia on the vehicle ride comfort. In the proposed vehicle model, the masses of the tires, damping, and stiffness are variables. Also, the suspension parameters and the location of the centre of gravity of the vehicle body can be changed. The Lumped Mechanical System interface of COMSOL Multiphysics is used to model the tires, the suspension system, and …

Enhancing Radiation Performance Of A 0.18 Μm Cmos 60 Ghz On-Chip Double-Slot Vivaldi Antenna, Elsayed Ibrahim Elsaidy Mr., Amr H. Hussein Prof.Dr., Mustafa M. Abd Elnaby Prof. Dr.

Journal of Engineering Research

This paper presents the design of a 60-GHz double-slot Vivaldi antenna (DSVA) using standard 0.18 µm CMOS technology. The antenna's two slots are uniformly excited in both amplitude and phase by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) power divider. A double-Y balun feeding structure is also used to transition from the CPW to the coplanar slot line (CPS). Two techniques are investigated to enhance the antenna's radiation characteristics. The first technique involves incorporating equal corrugations along the edges of the flare aperture, resulting in a significant gain enhancement of 0.9 dBi and an improvement in radiation efficiency by 7%. The second technique …

Developing Paths In Areas Of Distinguished Value Between Preservation And Extinction (A Case Study Of The Railway Axis In The Maadi Area), Kamal Mahmoud Elgabalawy

Journal of Engineering Research

Abstract: proportion of the place, and thus the loss of the distinctive general character of the area, which leads to its extinction. These areas are of distinguished value, with all the thought and culture they carry of society over time. Among the areas classified as having distinguished value is the Maadi suburb, which is located in the south of Cairo Governorate, where boundaries and foundations for preserving them have been set through the Central Administration for Studies, Research, and Policies of the National Coordination Organization. The Ministry of Culture, approved by the Supreme Council for Planning and Urban Development by …

Experimental Investigation Of Light-Weight Concrete-Filled Stainless Steel Tube Composite Long Columns, Nadia Fath Alla, Kamel Kandeel, Mahmoud El-Nagar

Journal of Engineering Research

The main target of this study is to investigate the behavior and performance of long composite circular stainless steel columns filled with light-weight concrete. An experimental study was carried out on four specimens, two of them are long composite circular stainless steel columns with length 1400 mm, diameter 100 mm and thickness of stainless steel tube 2 mm filled with light-weight and normal concrete with strengths 12 and 26 mpa respectively, which denoted by C1400/12 and C1400/26. The other two specimens are short composite circular stainless steel columns with length 500 mm, diameter 100 mm and thickness of stainless steel …

Review Of Wood Drying Technologies, Mohamed Salah Elmetwaly, Lotfy Hassan Rabie Saker, Mohamed Sameh Salem

Journal of Engineering Research

Abstract- This article provides a comprehensive review of drying optimization in data centers by examining the limitations of drying methods and discussing advances proposed by scientists through whom we can provide a comparison between different drying systems with an emphasis on improving energy efficiency and thermal performance. Wood drying under atmospheric pressure has many advantages, including the ability to dry at lower temperatures (by reducing the likelihood of some drying defects), significantly reduced drying times, color preservation, increased energy efficiency, better control of volatile organic compound emissions, and the ability to dry very large cross sections. Previous studies have achieved …

Effect Of Addition Monofilament And Multifilament Polypropylene Fibers On Mechanical Properties Of Concrete At Elevated Temperatures, Nourhan Osama Hanafy Dr

Journal of Engineering Research

Some researchers studied the effect of different types of fibers on the strengths of concrete at elevated temperature. However, there are some limitations in the study of the strengths of concrete using different methods of cooling after elevated temperature. Thus, the main objective of this research is to study the mechanical properties of concrete with the addition of 1% polypropylene fibers, featuring different structures, at elevated temperatures and with various cooling methods, compared to normal concrete. An experimental program using three different series of mixes, the first series included normal concrete (control) mix without fibers, the second series included 1% …

Linear Up-Conversion Mixer Based On Capacitive Cross Coupling And Source Follower Feedback For Mm-Wave Systems Using 130nm Cmos, Mina Kamal Youssef, Marwa Mansour Abdelfattah, Hala Abdelqader Mansour, Sherif Sayed Hekal

Journal of Engineering Research

This paper presents a linear, high-gain, and wideband up-conversion mixer suitable for millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) applications using 130 nm CMOS technology. The mixer is designed specifically for the K band, focusing on 24 GHz applications in 5G systems. The suggested up-conversion mixer comprises three stages: the input transconductance or intermediate frequency (IF) stage, the switching stage, and the output or radio frequency (RF) stage. The IF stage (transconductance stage) employs a complementary current reuse common gate technique through a dual capacitive cross-coupling (CCC) for improving the conversion gain (CG), and a source follower (SF) feedback to enhance the linearity. The IF …

"Towards A Methodology For Studying The Impact Of Integrating Motion Systems In The External Envelope Of A Building On Natural Lighting Inside The Building– (An Applied Study On A Government School In Greater Cairo)", Nashwa Youssif

Journal of Engineering Research

يدرك المصمم ما للعناصر البيئية ولا سيما الإضاءة الطبيعية من دور فاعل في الوصول إلى تصميم ناجح يحقق أفضل أداء إستخدامي، فالإضاءة الطبيعية تذهب إلى صميم عمل المعماري فيستعين بها للإيحاء بشكل الفراغات ولونها وملمس سطوحها.

وهناك العديد من الأساليب الحديثة التي تساعد المعماري علي إتخاذ قراراته التصميمية الخاصة بتصميم المبنى وكيفية الإستفادة من الإضاءة الطبيعية داخل المباني، وهذه الأساليب تهدف إلى زيادة إحترام البيئة وتفترض تحسينات في النظم البيئية من العزل الحراري وإستغلال مصادر الطاقة الطبيعية والإهتمام بنظم الإضاءة الطبيعية والمواد البنائية.

وتعد تقنية دمج الأنظمة الحركية بالغلاف الخارجي للمبنى مع الإستفادة من الإضاءة الطبيعية داخل هذا …

Early Autism Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques: A Review, Shaimaa Fouad Sharabash, Hany Ali Elghaish

Journal of Engineering Research

Abstract- This article provides a comprehensive literature review on technology-based interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It emphasizes the challenges in early detection and treatment of ASD, highlighting the spectrum nature of the disorder. The review discusses traditional diagnostic strategies such as behavioural observations, developmental screening and medical testing and goes on to explore advanced machine learning and deep learning models, including SVM, k-nearest neighbours, decision tree and LSTM, for predicting ASD characteristics in toddlers and children. Additionally, recent techniques employing more than ten strategies for ASD detection are summarized and various datasets used in early detection are described. The …