Engineering Commons^™

2017-2024 Emerging Technologies And Milestone Achievements Toward Automated Bridge Inspection And Maintenance, Genda Chen

INSPIRE Archived Webinars

Main hardware and software systems developed in the INSPIRE University Transportation Center from 2017 to 2024 will be presented. Their characteristic parameters, operation procedures, performance metrics, advantages over the state of practice, and application limitations will be summarized. These systems include, but not limited to,

 Flying and climbing robots for high-quality data collection from remote sensing and nondestructive testing,

 Explainable artificial intelligence and machine learning for element segmentation and defect classification,

 3D reconstruction and digital twins for virtual inspection,

 Framework for the probability of detection for various defects and damage from in-situ sensors,

 Defect detection, …

Detecting Data Poisoning Attacks In Federated Learning For Healthcare Applications Using Deep Learning, Mohammed Aljanabi, Sahar Yousif Mohammed, Alaa Hamza Omran

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

This work introduces a new approach to protecting the data in the healthcare applications of federated learning based on the classification of skin cancer. The recommended solution established and prevents the data poisoning attacks by using deep learning and CNN architectures namely VGG16. In a federated learning system which comprises of ten healthcare facilities, the approach enables the training of models in a collaborative way without compromising the medical data or the patients’ information. Data is meticulously prepared and preprocessed using the Skin Cancer MNIST: According to the HAM10000 dataset. As for the federated learning approach, VGG16’s feature extraction capability …

Más Allá De La Pasarela: El Impacto Tecnológico De Iris Van Herpen En La Experimentación Y Creatividad En La Moda Contemporánea, Paloma Rodera Martínez

GDI. Revista de investigación de Género, Diseño e Innovación

Este artículo examina el impacto de Iris van Herpen en la moda contemporánea, centrándose en su uso innovador de la tecnología y su influencia en la experimentación y la creatividad en la industria. Van Herpen ha desafiado las convenciones de la moda tradicional al incorporar técnicas avanzadas como la impresión 3D y la manipulación digital de materiales en sus diseños. Su enfoque vanguardista ha abierto nuevas posibilidades para la expresión artística en la moda, al tiempo que ha redefinido los límites de lo que se considera posible en el diseño de prendas. A través de su trabajo, van Herpen ha …

Experimental Study Of The Impact Of Droplet And Printing Parameters On Line Formation In Binder Jetting, Jacob E. Lawrence, Madi P. Lawrence, Nathan Crane

ScholarsArchive Data

This dataset consists of images of lines printed into 316 SS powder with varied droplet parameters (velocity, size, satellite or not) and print parameters (droplet spacing, printing frequency). Additionally, it includes data that was extracted from the images and some secondary measurements such as droplet height performed for some samples. The codes for the image processing routines are also included for reference as are the tables of data that were extracted from the images.

The Influence Of Planning And Architectural Styles On The Sustainability Of The City Of Kumasi, Ghana, Elom Ayeke

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The city of Kumasi that was once dubbed the ‘Garden City of West Africa’ was founded in the late 17th century and served as the seat of government for the medieval Greater Asante Union. It later served as a commercial hub for the British Colony after undergoing massive transformation in the first two decades of the 19th century. Post-independence, the city went through various urban planning projects that mostly targeted social development. The architecture of Kumasi has also been changing through different periods of its history. This article examines the relationship between the evolution of the city of Kumasi through …

Relationship Between Historic Evolution, Urbanization And Mobility In Ibadan, Nigeria, Aisha Adams

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Ibadan is said to be the biggest indigenous city in Nigeria with a population of about 4.04 million, making it the third largest city in the country after Lagos and Kano. Since its founding in 1829, Ibadan has experienced urban evolution that is mostly unguided. With its high fertility rate, population growth and rural-to-urban migration, Ibadan has experienced significant urban sprawl that has resulted in challenges in urban mobility especially to the lower-income earners. This study looks at the relationship between urban planning, urbanization and mobility in the city of Ibadan. The study found that lack of integrated land use …

Urbanization And Urban Sprawl In The Post-Colonial Era Douala City, Cameroon, Sylvia Munisi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The history of the port city of Douala spans pre-colonial period, colonial period of the Germans and French occupation, the post-colonial era and the contemporary situation with continuous occupancy of the coastal environment. This article looks at the relationship between the history of the city of Douala to the resulting urban situation focusing on governance structure as well as rapid urbanization. The findings show that governance structure allowing for a duality of modern political system and traditional cultural system of kingships and chiefdoms has an effect to the resulting urban sprawl. Moreover, rapid urbanization under this condition has an overall …

Evaluating Laser Tracking For The Improvement Of Quality Control Methods Of Precast Concrete, Blake A. Barbay

LSU Master's Theses

Current quality control (QC) methods of precast concrete are outdated and present challenges of human error and lengthy inspections. Current research into modernizing QC practices revolves around the implementation of laser scanners, with less focus on the possibility of using laser trackers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation of laser trackers into the QC process of precast concrete by comparing time, accuracy, and cost to the traditional method of using a tape measure. The time studies and accuracy tests were performed in the pre- and post-pour of the precast concrete process at a precast concrete plant …

The Use Of Locally Available Materials Towards Urban Planning For Sustainable Construction: The Case Of Gondar-Ethiopia, Kidist Dereje

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The city of Gondar in northern Ethiopia has a rich history that is connected to urban planning and construction. From the era of the Fasiledes that built masonry castles, Italian colonialism that zoned the city on racial boundaries and the post-colonial planning that wanted a more global standard, Gondar has been subjected to different planning and construction methods. This evolution however, has brought about challenges related to the sustainability of the construction industry and the communities within the city. This paper analyses the relationship between urban planning and use of local construction materials to attain sustainable development of the city. …

Transport Mobility Analysis For Informal Settlements In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Fatma Kassim Mohamed

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Dar es Salaam is one of the world’s fastest growing cities and is expected to be the third largest by 2100 with a population of 76 million. Dar es Salaam city is made of multiple neighbourhoods that are very diverse in terms of socio-economic status, gender, age and prevalent activities. One of the biggest challenges facing the city of Dar es Salaam is urban sprawl due to informal settlements that in turn leads to very long travel time and hinders equal mobility and accessibility of labour and goods. This study found that the current mobility vision for Dar es Salaam …

Development And Testing Of A Fast-Acting, 8-Bit, Digital Throttle For Hybrid Rocket Motors, Stephen A. Whitmore

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

The potential for throttle control of hybrid rocket systems has long been known as a potential advantage for a variety of applications. Because only a single flow path is controlled, theoretically, hybrids should be significantly easier to throttle than bipropellant systems. Unfortunately, the slow response times and nonlinearity of traditional position-control valves have limited practical applications of hybrid throttling. This paper presents an alternative throttling system where the oxidizer flow path is broken into multiple streams, with each flow path controlled by a solenoid-operated on/off valve. The parallel paths allow significantly faster and more precise control than can be achieved …

Investigating The Relationship Between History, Urbanization And Wealth Gap In Johannesburg, South Africa, Abdallah F. Kaamah

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The city of Johannesburg is the largest city in South Africa and named as one of the economic drivers of the country. However, the city has the widest wealth gap in the country. This article examines the relationship between historical occurrences, urbanization, and the resulted wealth disparity in Johannesburg and look at the mitigation measures. The findings point to the wealth disparity in the city as a multifaceted problem influenced by historical, urbanization, and political variables. Comprehensive and multifaceted policy initiatives are required to address the structural causes of inequality and the urgent needs of vulnerable populations to close the …

Biodegradable And Green Controlled Release Formulations For Fertilizers, Srivalli Sriperambudur

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study aims to address environmental concerns associated with conventional fertilizers, and the persistence of synthetic polymers in soils and investigates the use of biodegradable cellulose esters as sustainable coatings for controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs). The focus is mainly on the synthesis of biodegradable cellulose esters as sustainable coatings for CRFs and applied as a coating on urea fertilizer prills to control nutrient release. The synthesized biodegradable coatings aim to provide effective nutrient delivery over time while minimizing environmental impact. Cellulose esters were synthesized using both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, followed by crosslinking using thiols. Characterization techniques like FTIR, DSC, …

Impacts Of Phosphate And Residual Free Chlorine On The Precipitation, Stability And Dissolution Of Lead Corrosion Products, Yao Ma

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Lead release from lead pipes into drinking water is a critical threat to public health. Orthophosphate addition is an established method of controlling lead concentrations in tap water. Many phosphate-based inhibitors currently used by utilities are blends of orthophosphate and polyphosphate. Orthophosphate can limit lead release from pipes by forming low-solubility lead phosphate solids on pipe inner surfaces. In contrast, polyphosphate can accelerate lead release by forming soluble lead-phosphate complexes. Due to the potential conversion from polyphosphate to orthophosphate in the distribution system and to complex dynamics of water chemistry in lead service lines (LSLs), the net impact of a …

Modeling Reversible Volume Change In Automotive Battery Cells With Porous Silicon Oxide-Graphite Composite Anodes, Taylor R. Garrick, Brian J. Koch, Miguel A. Fernandez, Erin Efimoff, Hunter Teel, Matthew D. Jones, Mingjie Tu, Sirivatch Shimpalee

Faculty Publications

Automotive battery manufacturers are working to improve the individual cell and overall pack design by increasing durability, performance, and range, while reducing cost, and active material volume change is a key aspect that needs to be considered during this design process. Recently, silicon oxide-graphite composite anodes are being explored to increase total anode capacity while maintaining a tolerable amount of cell level reversible volume expansion due to the relatively lower reversible volume change of the silicon oxide compared to pure battery grade or metallurgical grade silicon. To predict the blended anode response and contribution to the overall cell volume change, …

Scaleddetr: An Alight Weight Object Detection Model For Autonomous Driving, Ali Elhenidy, Labib Mohamed, Amira Yassien, Mahmoud Saafan

Mansoura Engineering Journal

End-to-end object detection is one of the recent trends in object detection; however, it is time- and memory-consuming due to the Transformer encoder-decoder (TED) module. Detection TRansformer (DETR) is the first end-to-end object detector using a TED architecture. Despite achieving competitive performance, it suffers from slow convergence due to a long sequence of attention and the whole image. In this paper, ScaledDETR is proposed to handle the slow convergence issue in DETR and speed up the training process by implementing end-to-end detection based on the latest efficient backbone with fewer parameters. ScaledDETR proposes an efficient model with fewer parameters by …

Green Cities And Transportation, Ariadna Reyes-Sanchez, Soheil Sharifi-Asl, Ladan Mozaffarian

Mavs Open Press Open Educational Resources - Archive

Green Cities and Transportation examines the significance of sustainable transportation projects for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions while supporting transportation equity for vulnerable commuters. The book examines insightful case studies from around the world that can serve as a reference for sustainable transportation initiatives in the U.S. It is organized into three sections: 1) Sustainability, Transportation Equity, and Planning, 2) Case Studies and Lessons from the North and South, and 3) Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Cities, and Mobility.

Transportation Land Use Modeling And Policy, Qisheng Pan, Soheil Sharifi-Asl

Mavs Open Press Open Educational Resources - Archive

Transportation Land Use Modeling and Policy provides a comprehensive introduction to land use and transportation models, offering a detailed exploration of integrated modeling approaches through case studies and real-world examples. It begins with an overview of current transportation planning issues and moves into several chapters dedicated to integrated land-use and transportation models, including Land Suitability, Lowry-type models, and more recent approaches such as MEPLAN and PECAS. The book also examines traditional travel demand modeling (TDM), giving readers a solid foundation in the subject.

Editorial: Advances In Ecological Environment Changes In Coastal And Estuarine Waters In Response To Hydrodynamic Variability, Jiayi Pan, Yeqiang Shu, Zhe-Wen Zheng, Adam T. Devlin, Majid Nazeer, Andrew M. Fischer

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Over the past few decades, coastal and estuarine ecological environments have undergone significant and rapid transformations, driven by a range of factors, with the variability in hydrodynamic conditions being one of the most prominent (Elliott et al., 2019; Statham, 2012; Da et al., 2024). These dynamic forces influence water movement, sediment transport, and nutrient cycling, all of which are critical components affecting the health and stability of these ecosystems (van Vliet et al., 2023; Li et al., 2023). Consequently, understanding and interpreting hydrodynamic processes in coastal and estuarine waters are fundamental to unraveling the mechanisms behind ecological changes. This task …

Assessing The Effects Of Dasatinib On Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells, David P. Heinrichs, Vitali Maldonado, I Kade Karisma Gita Ardana, Ryan M. Porter, Rebekah M. Samsonraj

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction

Progressive aging, or senescence, of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is a major obstacle faced when trying to culture potent stem cells for use in therapy. Senescent cells are irreversibly nondividing cells that cease performing critical functional effects. Elimination of senescent cells using biochemical means, such as the use of senolytic drugs like dasatinib, may be useful in retaining the viable and proliferating populations of the cells.

Methods

An in vitro approach was used to investigate the effect of dasatinib on phenotypic, genotypic, and immunomodulatory functionality of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiated MSCs. Replicative senescence was achieved through multiple sub-culturing in …

A Proposed Architectural Strategies To Design A Healthy Home For Kids, Kareem Mahrous Ali

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The research addresses the concept of Healthy Home for Kids and the importance of considering their needs and requirements in home design, because of Kids represents the nucleus and future of communities, also Home is the place where children spend most of the time and has a direct impact on their development, composition, and preparation for coexistence with the surrounding community. In spite of the importance of Home for Kids it is the most destructive building for children and does not help to stimulate children's basic areas of development in a comprehensive and integrated manner as a result of the …

Vulnerability Discovery On Broadcom Devices With Qemu, Christian Shane Douglas Little

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

System-on-chip (SoC) devices in the form of routers, access points, and smart appliances have become an increasingly prevalent aspect of our infrastructure. Performing vulnerability research on these devices may be exceptionally difficult given the on-hardware limitations, inability to guarantee certain aspects of the system, and lack of information when the appliance’s source code is not available.In this thesis, we present Broadfeather, a QEMU-based emulation target, and framework for dynamic analysis and instrumentation. While Broadfeather supports data types shared across many chips under the Broadcom umbrella, it is primarily geared towards the BCM6755 Wi-Fi 6E capable chipset. Broadfeather also features the …

An In-Situ Method For Quantifying Entropy Generation In Fatigue Via A Novel Thermographic Approach, Peyton J. Wilson

LSU Master's Theses

This work features a new approach that is used to measure the rate of plastic work during a cyclic fatigue test, based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Using the one-dimensional Fourier heat equation coupled with the concept of fracture fatigue entropy, the rate of plastic work during fatigue can be measured without the need to interrupt a fatigue test, and the accumulated entropy to failure can be quantified. Experimental fatigue tests are conducted on Aluminum 6061-T6 specimens under cyclic axial loading and Carbon Steel 1018 specimens under fully reversed cyclic bending loading. The obtained results in addition …

Progress And Prospects Of Road Engineering Disease Treatment Technology In Permafrost Regions, Gao Feng, Zeng Xianzhang, Zhong Wenhua, Huang Shengyong, Zhang Junhui

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Freeze-thaw disasters are key issues affecting the service performance and operational safety of road projects in permafrost regions.Under the combined influence of warming and humidification of the permafrost environment and engineering thermal effects，the degradation of permafrost is accelerating，exacerbating the risk of road freeze-thaw diseases.Roads in these regions are more frequently maintained and repaired to ensure service performance，with a service life lower than designed.Therefore，deepening the understanding of the disaster mechanism of road geotechnical structures and strengthening the study on engineering disease treatment technology are of great significance in promoting the construction and maintenance of high-quality and high-grade highways in frozen regions.This …

Treatment Methods Of Unstable Expansive Soil Slope Excavation In Overlying Rock Layer In Alpine Region, Shi Xiaobo, Cui Guangyan, Mou Chao, Wen Ye, Xie Feng, Fu Xiaoyang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To deeply study the treatment method for instability of highway cutting slope under the condition of expansive soil overlying rock layer in an alpine region，the comprehensive treatment method of unstable slope under this bad geology was put forward based on the unstable slope project of Zhangbei‒Shangyi Expressway.The governance protection structure consisted of a rigid protection system，drainage system，thermal insulation system，flexible protection system，and waterproof system.The rigid protection system was an anti-slide pile setting at the height of 1/3 of the first grade slope，of which parameters were calculated by cutting the slope of the rock layer in the unstable area to reduce the …

Review Of Snow And Ice Melting Techniques For Road And Bridge In Cold Regions, Tang Liyun, Shao Haitao, Tang Huaming, Qiu Peiyong, Du Xiaoqi, Zhang Lei, Peng Hui

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Snow and ice melting of road and bridge surfaces is crucial for traffic safety，but current research on snow and ice melting techniques mainly focuses on engineering effects and technical evaluation，without the analysis and elaboration from the perspective of their mechanisms.To this end，based on the different mechanisms，this study divided snow and ice melting techniques into three types and summarized them：passive deicing，active deicing，and energy utilization deicing.This study systematically evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of traditional deicing methods such as deicing agents and mechanical deicing，analyzed two active deicing techniques，namely inhibitive freezing pavement and phase change material pavement，discussed the environmental-friendly method for road deicing …

Properties And Application Of Cement Improved Loess Under Low Temperature Environment In Cold Region, Li Xiangyang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

According to the cold climate and low annual average temperature in cold regions of China，the field curing conditions of cement improvement of collapsibility loess under low temperature，room temperature，and medium temperature were simulated at 5 ℃，10 ℃，20 ℃，and 30 ℃，respectively.Based on laboratory experiments，this study analyzed the effects of curing temperature，cement content，and curing age on RCBR，unconfined compressive strength，and dynamic resilience modulus of cement improved loess.The effects of cement content and curing temperature on freeze-thaw durability and erosion resistance of cement improved loess were studied by the freeze-thaw cycle test and dynamic water erosion test.Combined with the laboratory results，the 4% and 5% cement …

Effect Of Chloride Ions On Salt Expansion Of Salinized Subgrade Fill Soil In Cold Regions, Hu Wenzhu, Wang Zhaowei, Cao Yong, Zhang Jing, Bai Ruiqiang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Salinized subgrade fill soil in cold regions typically comprises composite saline soil rich in sodium chloride and sodium sulfate.This study aimed to explore the mechanism of the effect of chloride ion content on salt expansion of the salinized subgrade in cold regions.Based on the calculation theory of the sodium chloride-sodium sulfate-water ternary system solution in the Pitzer ion model and combined with the FREZCHEM model，the study quantitatively analyzed the intrinsic connection between water activity，freezing factor，and supersaturation ratio with temperature and concentration ratio （η=mCl-/mSO2-4）.It investigated the variation patterns of the freezing temperature and crystallization supersaturation ratio of composite saline soil with …

Model Test On Soil Deformation Mechanism And Damage Mode Caused By Mud Leakage From Drilled Piles In Karst Area, Jiang Mingying, Chen E ’Mei, Liu Yongcheng, Zhu Yadong, Jiang Wenkui, Xie Ruiting

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Pile holes are often drilled through cavities in karst areas，which induces mud leakage and causes hole wall instability，ground collapse，or equipment trapping and hinders smooth construction.It is important to know the collapse mechanism of boreholes due to mud leakage，so as to optimize and determine the construction process of pile holes.In this paper，indoor model tests were used to study the deformation mechanism and damage mode of soil caused by drilling through cavities and mud leakage in pile holes under the conditions of upper clay and lower sandy soil in the karst area，so as to provide an experimental basis for the decision of …

Back‑Calculation Of Subgrade Modulus Based On Genetic Algorithm And Viscoelasticity Theory, Dai Fugui, Wang Xihui, Wu Yaguang, Li Hai

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To improve the applicability of the PFWD detection method for the back-calculation of subgrade modulus，taking the subgrade splicing project of the west loop line in Nairobi as an example，this paper adopted 3D Kelvin viscoelasticity model and quasi-static response analysis to deduce the displacement function of viscoelastic subgrade under long-term fixed loads，and combined the principle of liner superposition of viscoelasticity with genetic algorithm to propose a new method based on multi-population genetic algorithm for the modulus back-calculation of viscoelastic subgrade.Among them，the corresponding program for back-calculation was written by Matlab.The comparison between theoretical derivation and field tests shows that the peak value …