Engineering Commons^™

Integrating Gis And Ca-Markov Model To Study Urban Dynamics Of Salem, India In Terms Of Pattern, Intensity And Direction, Linda Theres B

Theses and Dissertations

Urban populations have grown substantially in the modern era and the information age as people seek better living prospects. Currently, more than half of the world's population resides in the cities. Such growth must be monitored to ensure that people enjoy the boons of urban spaces, not the banes. Recognising the significance of urban studies, several researchers have attempted to analyse and predict urban dynamics using remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems, and machine learning methods. However, certain limitations exist, especially in improving the CAMarkov model's prediction performance. In addition, studies have suggested that growth characteristics, such as pattern, intensity, and …

Reducing Carbon Footprint In Ai: A Framework For Sustainable Training Of Large Language Models, Sunbal Iftikhar, Steven Davy

Conference papers

In the world of artificial intelligence (AI), large language models (LLMs) are leading the way, transforming how people understand and use language. These models have significantly impacted various domains, from natural language processing (NLP) to content generation, sparking a wave of innovation and exploration. However, this rapid progress brings to light the environmental implications of LLMs, particularly the significant energy consumption and carbon emissions during their training and operational phases. This requires a shift towards more energy-efficient practices in training and deploying LLMs, balancing AI innovation with environmental responsibility. This paper emphasizes the need for improving the energy efficiency of …

A Probabilistic Kp And Hp Driven Auroral Boundary Model Using 28 Years Of Dmsp Data, Riley N. Troyer, Russell Landry, Michael David, Vincent Eccles, Adrian E. Acosta

Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications

This paper uses energy flux data from the DMSP F6 thru F19 satellites to construct a new equatorward auroral boundary model. This method of processing the data allows one to easily extend boundary detections to different instrument generations because it is based on a standard deviation value instead of hard thresholds. Using this method, the paper provides statistics from just under 1 million auroral boundaries between 1986 and 2014. These statistics are based on normal distribution fits for each Kp/Hp and MLT bin, which allows one to specify the boundary for an arbitrary distribution percentile. The paper compares …

Active Grid Turbulence Anomalies Through The Lens Of Physics Informed Neural Networks, Sofía Angriman, Sarah E. Smith, Patricio Clark Di Leoni, Pablo J. Cobelli, Pablo D. Mininni, Martín Obligado

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Active grids operated with random protocols are a standard way to generate large Reynolds number turbulence in wind and water tunnels. But anomalies in the decay and third-order scaling of active-grid turbulence have been reported. We combine Laser Doppler Velocimetry and hot-wire anemometry measurements in a wind tunnel, with machine learning techniques and numerical simulations, to gain further understanding on the reasons behind these anomalies. Numerical simulations that incorporate the statistical anomalies observed in the experimental velocity field near the active grid can reproduce the experimental anomalies observed later in the decay. The results indicate that anomalies in experiments near …

Digital Health Intervention For Children With Adhd To Improve Mental Health Intervention, Patient Experiences, And Outcomes: A Study Protocol, Nancy Herrera, Franceli L. Cibrian, Lucas M. Silva, Jesus Armando Beltran, Sabrina E. B. Schuck, Gillian R. Hayes, Kimberley D. Lakes

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent childhood psychiatric condition with profound public health, personal, and family consequences. ADHD requires comprehensive treatment; however, lack of communication and integration across multiple points of care is a substantial barrier to progress. Given the chronic and pervasive challenges associated with ADHD, innovative approaches are crucial. We developed the digital health intervention (DHI)—CoolTaCo [Cool Technology Assisting Co-regulation] to address these critical barriers. CoolTaCo uses Patient-Centered Digital Healthcare Technologies (PC-DHT) to promote co-regulation (child/parent), capture patient data, support efficient healthcare delivery, enhance patient engagement, and facilitate shared decision-making, thereby improving access to …

Rad-Quasi-Prime Submodules, Rana Noorimajeed, Ghaleb Ahmed Hammood, Mahmood S. Fiadh, Lemya Abd Alameer Hadi

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Consider a left J-module I. The present study introduces the conception of rad-Quasi- Prime submodule, that serves as a dual popularization of both Quasi-Prime submodules and primary submodules. An apposite submodule A of an J-module named as rad- Quasi Prime if for all and with implies that either or . Numerous facts and characterizations that concerning are acquired.

Synthetic Network Creation And Visualization, Kaylee Sloat, Jeremy Evert

Student Research

The code in the repository, “synthetic_network_creation_and_visualization” is inspired by the foundational work presented in "NetProbe: A Fast and Scalable System for Fraud Detection in Online Auction Networks" by Shashank Pandit, Duen Horng Chau, Samuel Wang, and Christos Faloutsos.

Link to the original paper:https://kilthub.cmu.edu...

Impaired Speech Recognition Of Neurological Disorder Persons Using Machine Learning And Deep Learning Techniques, Vishnika Veni S

Theses and Dissertations

Speech Assistive Tools have emerged in recent years to support individuals with cognitive and neurological disorders in the field of assistive technology. People affected by neurological disorders such as autism, stroke, cerebral palsy, dysarthria, Parkinson’s disease, and brain injury often find it difficult to articulate desired sounds, resulting in impaired speech. As the population of impaired speakers continues to increase every year, there is a strong need to develop intelligent speech recognition systems for affected individuals. The primary objective of this research is to develop an Impaired Speech Recognition (ISR) system for the Tamil language. Word Recognition Accuracy (WRA) is …

11.04.2024 Orsp Connect, Liz Williamson

ORED Newsletter

Small Grant Program for Faculty

Mid-South REACH Product Dev Grant

NSF Virtual Grants Conference

Theoretical And Numerical Investigation Of An Ultra-Broadband Near-Perfect Absorption In Auxetic Metamaterials, Md. Rezwan Ahmed, Oishi Jyoti,, Ferdous Farjana, Pritu P. Sarkar, Alok Kumar Paul, Md. Samiul Habib

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

In this paper, we present and numerically investigate an auxetic metamaterial absorber based on vanadium dioxide (VO2), achieving more than 90% absorption of the incident terahertz (THz) waves between 4.15 THz to 8.43 THz with an average absorption of 98.4%. To our knowledge, the absorption bandwidth is higher than previously reported VO2-based absorbers. The proposed absorber contains two VO2 based resonator rings placed diagonally at the top of the dielectric substrate in such a way as to create an auxetic shape and provide more design space than the existing absorbers. Considering the vector nature of electromagnetic fields in three-dimensional space, …

A Novel Maximum Likelihood Based Probabilistic Behavioral Data Fusion Algorithm For Modeling Residential Energy Consumption, Tanmoy Bhowmik, Naveen Chandra Iraganaboina, Naveen Eluru

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The current research effort is focused on improving the effective use of the multiple disparate sources of data available by proposing a novel maximum likelihood based probabilistic data fusion approach for modeling residential energy consumption. To demonstrate our data fusion algorithm, we consider energy usage by fuel type variables (for electricity and natural gas) in residential dwellings as our dependent variable of interest, drawn from residential energy consumption survey (RECS) data. The national household travel survey (NHTS) dataset was considered to incorporate additional variables that are not available in the RECS data. With a focus on improving the model for …

A 3d Memristor Architecture For In-Memory Computing Demonstrated With Sha3, Muayad J. Aljafar, Rasika Joshi, John M. Acken

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Security is a growing problem that needs hardware support. Memristors provide an alternative technology for hardware-supported security implementation. This paper presents a specific technique that utilizes the benefits of hybrid CMOS-memristors technology demonstrated with SHA3 over implementations that use only memristor technology. In the proposed technique, SHA3 is implemented in a set of perpendicular crossbar arrays structured to facilitate logic implementation and circular bit rotation (Rho operation), which is perhaps the most complex operation in SHA3 when carried out in memristor arrays. The Rho operation itself is implemented with CMOS multiplexers (MUXs). The proposed accelerator is standby power-free and circumvents …

Antibacterial And Wound Healing Stimulant Nanofibrous Dressing Consisting Of Soluplus And Soy Protein Isolate Loaded With Mupirocin., Maryam Jahani, Azadeh Asefnejad, Mastafa H Al-Musawi, Ahmed A Mohammed, Basma Talib Al-Sudani, Maha Hameed Al-Bahrani, Nada A Kadhim, Mina Shahriari-Khalaji, Hamideh Valizadeh, Fariborz Sharifianjazi, Morteza Mehrjoo, Ketevan Tavamaishvili, Mohamadreza Tavakoli

Rowan-Virtua School of Translational Biomedical Engineering & Sciences Departmental Research

Severe cutaneous injuries may not heal spontaneously and may necessitate the use of supplementary therapeutic methods. Electrospun nanofibers possess high porosity and specific surface area, which provide the necessary microenvironment for wound healing. Here in, the nanofibers of Soluplus-soy protein isolate (Sol-SPI) containing mupirocin (Mp) were fabricated via electrospinning for wound treatment. The fabricated nanofibers exhibited water absorption capacities of about 300.83 ± 29.72% and water vapor permeability values of about 821.8 ± 49.12 g/m2 day. The Sol/SPI/Mp nanofibers showed an in vitro degradability of 33.73 ± 3.55% after 5 days. The ultimate tensile strength, elastic modulus, and elongation of …

Development Of A Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring Technique Using Phase-Space-Reconstruction And 2-D Fourier Series Current Waveform Features, Motaz Abu Sbeitan

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

The growing need for energy and efficient energy control has emphasized the importance of tracking appliance-level energy usage. The capability of Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) to separate energy usage data per appliance from a single measurement provides a practical solution. This thesis explores developing a novel NILM method using Phase-Space Reconstruction (PSR) and 2-D Fourier Series to enhance feature extraction from the steady-state current waveforms. Existing NILM techniques frequently encounter accuracy challenges caused by overlapping power signatures of appliances and complex operational states. The proposed method is designed to efficiently capture the steady-state characteristics of electrical appliances. It is evaluated …

You Want Me To Do What? But I Can’T Read That... Cataloging Soviet Russia Space Exploration Books, Katherine Loving, Phillip Fitzsimmons

Faculty Books & Book Chapters

The Al Harris Library received a donation of the archive of retired astronaut General Thomas P. Stafford. The continually growing collection includes over 200 boxes containing NASA reports, professional and personal pictures, videos, and more. Part of the collection is the approximately 700 books used for research by Stafford and his co-author Michael Cassutt to write the memoir We Have Capture: Tom Stafford and the Space Race (2002). Half of these books are a collection of Soviet-era Russia (USSR) space program books and periodicals written in Russian. Michael Cassutt has characterized the books as the most comprehensive collection about the …

Evaporation Basins For Salinity Management, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

An evaporation basin is an engineered earth structure designed to safely store and evaporate saline water discharged from drainage or pumping, while protecting high-value agricultural land, natural assets or built infrastructure.

DPIRD recommends that evaporation basins should form part of an integrated water and salinity management program. Information on this page is a guide only.

It is recommended that landholders seek expert advice plus engineering design and related support from qualified contractors.

Hypoxic Incubator: Improving Robustness/Reliability And Demonstrating Physiological Efficacy, Damon Dennis Tan

Master's Theses

The Microphysiological Systems Laboratory aims to develop colorectal cancer tumor models under a hypoxic environment to assess model response to pharmaceutical compounds in vitro. To perform relevant studies, researchers have attempted to use different hypoxic inducing strategies such as a nitrogen pod and hypoxic incubator to recreate in vivo physiological responses to hypoxia. However, studies would be interrupted due to incubator functionality failure. To ensure successful and physiologically relevant studies, I improved and verified the robustness and reliability of a hypoxic incubator previously designed and manufactured in the lab. Through the testing and iterating design processes, I engineered and implemented …

Multi-Modal Investigation Of The Bone Micro- And Ultrastructure, And Elemental Distribution In The Presence Of Mg-Xgd Screws At Mid-Term Healing Stages, Kamila Iskhakova, Hanna Cwieka, Svenja Meers, Heike Helmholz, Anton Davydok, Malte Storm, Ivo Matteo Baltruschat, Silvia Galli, Daniel Pröfrock, Olga Will, Mirko Gerle, Timo Damm, Sandra Sefa, Weilue He, Keith Macrenaris, Malte Soujon, Felix Beckmann, Julian Moosmann, Thomas O'Hallaran, Roger J. Guillory, D. C.Florian Wieland, Berit Zeller-Plumhoff, Regine Willumeit-Römer

Michigan Tech Publications

Magnesium (Mg) – based alloys are becoming attractive materials for medical applications as temporary bone implants for support of fracture healing, e.g. as a suture anchor. Due to their mechanical properties and biocompatibility, they may replace titanium or stainless-steel implants, commonly used in orthopedic field. Nevertheless, patient safety has to be assured by finding a long-term balance between metal degradation, osseointegration, bone ultrastructure adaptation and element distribution in organs. In order to determine the implant behavior and its influence on bone and tissues, we investigated two Mg alloys with gadolinium contents of 5 and 10 wt percent in comparison to …

A Neutrosophic Model For Measuring Evolution, Involution, And Indeterminacy In Species: Integrating Common And Uncommon Traits In Environmental Adaptation, Antonios Paraskevas, Michael Madas

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In 2017, Professor F. Smarandache introduced the Neutrosophic Theory of Evolution, Involution, and Indeterminacy (or Neutrality) (NToEIaI). He concluded that every theory of evolution is characterized by a certain degree of truth, indeterminacy, and untruth, as in neutrosophic logic. In this perspective, he raised several open questions on evolution, neutrality, and involution that required further research effort. Very recently, in 2024, Smarandache conducted research, from a soft sciences/philosophical viewpoint, on identifying and studying common parts in uncommon things and uncommon parts in common things emphasizing the complexity and interconnectedness of concepts within the context of neutrosophy. In this article, we …

Neutrosophic Logic-Based Crop Yield Prediction And Risk Assessment Using Least Squares Regression, M. Srikanth, R.N.V. Jagan Mohan, M. Chandra Naik

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Agriculture faces significant challenges due to climate change and unpredictable environmental factors, which impact crop yields and threaten food security. This study proposes a novel approach to crop yield prediction and risk assessment using neutrosophic logic and least squares regression. By integrating these methods, we aim to improve accuracy in predicting crop losses under uncertain conditions. The model classifies crops based on profitability and environmental risks, utilizing the independence test to evaluate the relationships between crop attributes. Our approach leverages deep learning techniques, such as restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM), to enhance the analysis of crop data and provide farmers with …

Product Perspective From Fuzzy To Neutrosophic Graph Extension- A Review Of Literature, G. Vetrivel, M. Mullai, G. Rajchakit

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This review article consolidates and tabulates research on the product operations done in fuzzy, intuitionistic fuzzy, and neutrosophic graphs. This article encompasses the previous product discussions on fuzzy graphs and their extensions. This article aims to list the origin, structural properties, applications, etc. done by the researchers and academicians using the product behavior of two graphs on the fuzzified environment. This review provides a clear understanding of enhancements of product approach on graphs from fuzzy to neutrosophic kind.

Some Similarity Measures On Generalized Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Expert Sets And Their Applications In Medical Diagnosis, Afshan Qayyum, Noreen Mushtaq, Tanzeela Shaheen, Wajid Ali, Florentin Smarandache

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In recent years, the application of fuzzy sets has gained significant attraction in various fields, including medical diagnosis, due to their ability to manage uncertainties and imprecise information. This paper focuses on the comparative analysis of similarity measures within the realm of Generalized Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Expert Sets (GIVIFSESs) and explores their application in the domain of medical diagnosis. Most of the important topics in fuzzy set theory are the similarity measures between the generalizations of fuzzy set theory. Similarity measures are a crucial tool which was used in data science. In this process, we measure how much the …

Application Of The Neutrosophic Poisson Distribution Series On The Harmonic Subclass Of Analytic Functions Using The Salagean Derivative Operator, Adeniyi M. Gbolagade, Ibrahim T. Awolere, Olusola Adeyemo, Abiodun T. Oladipo

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

The authors explore the innovative application of the Neutrosophic series, particularly the Neutrosophic Poisson Distribution Series (NPDS), to investigate various indeterminacy or uncertainties inherent in the classical univalent harmonic function class. The Neutrosophic Poisson Distribution Series is equipped with a Salangean derivative operator and convoluted with analytic univalent harmonic function class to derive new properties, such as inclusion relation, and coefficient inequalities for star-likeness. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in capturing the inherent uncertainties and complexities associated with harmonic functions. There are several other areas of importance of our results that can be unlocked by computer …

Unlocking Telecommuting Patterns Before, During, And After The Covid-19 Pandemic: An Explainable Ai-Driven Study, Adedolapo Ogungbire, Suman Kumar Mitra

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The COVID-19 pandemic has instigated a global paradigm shift in employment practices, precipitating a widespread transition to telework. While past events had no long-lasting effect on the continued working conditions of the population, it is unclear what a prolonged need for telecommuting on such a nationwide scale would continue to have on the working population. This study uses an explainable artificial intelligence approach to investigate the changes in those telecommuting across three periods: i) pre-pandemic, ii) pandemic, and iii) post-pandemic periods. Machine learning methods, including decision trees, random forest, extreme gradient boost, naïve Bayes, and artificial neural networks, were developed …

Metal Additive Manufacturing Of Damage-Controlled Elements For Structural Protection Of Steel Members, Hamdy Farhoud, Islam Mantawy

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

This paper develops hybrid steel members by integrating additively manufactured, ultra-lightweight, damage-controlled elements (DCEs) into hot-rolled structural steel members. This approach relies on segmenting a structural member into distinct sections; one or two segments are enlarged to be capacity protected; however, another end or middle DCE segment is optimized to emulate the conventional member’s strength and stiffness. A small-scale DCE was topologically optimized and then additively manufactured using a powder bed fusion technique through a direct metal laser sintering process of 17-4PH stainless steel and then was experimentally tested to study the buckling behavior under compression. The experimental testing of …

Human-Centered Approach For Resilience Assessment Of Healthcare Networks Subjected To Sequential Earthquakes, Emad Hassan, Hussam Mahmoud

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Healthcare services are critical for community resilience and stability as their role after disastrous events is indispensable to reducing casualties and returning the community to normalcy. Sequential mainshock-aftershock events can damage hospital components, reduce utility availability, and cause multiple patient surges. No studies have been conducted to evaluate the impact of mainshock-aftershock events on healthcare resilience. Accordingly, here we investigate the impact of multiple earthquakes on the healthcare network in Shelby County, Tennessee, and determine the optimal resources needed to enhance its functionality. The functionality is estimated by combining functionality quantity and quality terms. The quantity is calculated based on …

The Effects Of Wildfires On The Mental And Physical Health Of School-Age Children In North America: A Scoping Review, Sarah Oerther, Sarah Manspeaker, Alison Wix, Daniel Oerther, Carmen Marsit

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: Wildfires are occurring more often and with greater intensity, leading to longer and harsher fire seasons. As a result, children are more frequently exposed to wildfire smoke, which increases their risk of mental and physical health effects. Purpose: The purpose of our scoping review is to explore the current literature on what is known about the direct and indirect impacts of wildfires on the mental and physical health of school-age children in North America (5 to 18-year-olds). Methods: A health sciences librarian-assisted literature search, with input from the research team, was performed. Results: A total of 16 studies were …

Measuring Soil Salinity, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

To make sound decisions on managing saline sites, you need to know the source of salt, how salinisation is occurring, the landscape context, and most importantly, the actual salt concentration of the soil.

The most common 'measures' of salt concentration are actually estimates based on electrical conductivity of a soil and water solution. Soil salt content can be measured in a laboratory by measuring the total dissolved solids in a sample. In the field, salt concentration can also be estimated using electromagnetic induction-based soil sensors.

Turkey Time, Ashley S. Mcguire

Patent Coloring Books

Patent coloring book

Smart Systems For Employing Iot Devices For Monitoring And Control Of Electric Vehicle Residential Charging, Grant M. Fischer, Steven B. Poore, Rosemary E. Alden, Donovin D. Lewis, Dan M. Ionel

Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate Research

As the number of electric vehicles (EVs) on the road continues to increase, the rise in power demand may pose challenges, especially for the localized grid capacity during peak load events. This paper briefly reviews methods of power monitoring and load shedding such as smart charging and load management systems. An internet-of-things (IoT) power monitoring system is proposed for high-resolution power monitoring and control of J1772 standard level 2 EV charging systems to provide detailed data to enable future studies on EV grid integration. Additionally, a hardware test bench (HTB) including a DC battery emulator, oscilloscope, and commercial EV charger …