Pelagic Tunicate Grazing On Marine Microbes Revealed By Integrative Approaches,
2021
University of Oregon
Pelagic Tunicate Grazing On Marine Microbes Revealed By Integrative Approaches, Kelly R. Sutherland, Anne W. Thompson
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Marine microorganisms comprise a large fraction of ocean carbon and are central players in global biogeochemical cycling. Significant gaps remain, however, in our understanding of processes that determine the fate, distribution, and community structure of microbial communities. Protists and viruses are accepted as being part of the microbial loop and a source of microbial mortality. However, pelagic tunicates (salps, doliolods, pyrosomes, and appendicularians), which are abundant in oceanic and coastal environments and consume microorganisms with higher individual grazing rates than other common grazers, remain underappreciated in their role controlling microbial communities, distributions, and flux through ecosystems. In spite of sampling …
Peruvian Fur Seals As Archivists Of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects,
2021
Nova Southeastern University
Peruvian Fur Seals As Archivists Of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects, Mickie Rae Edwards, Susana Cardenas-Alayza, Michael Adkesson, Mya Daniels-Abdulahad, Amy Hirons
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles
Peru’s coastal waters are characterized by significant environmental fluctuation due to periodic El Niño- La Niña- Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. This variability results in ecosystem-wide food web changes which are reflected in the tissues of the Peruvian fur seal (Arctocephalus australis). Stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in Peruvian fur seal vibrissae (whiskers) are used to infer temporal primary production and dietary variations in individuals. Sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) recordings from the Niño 1+2 Index region captured corresponding ENSO conditions. Fluctuations in δ15N values were correlated to SSTA records, indicating that …
Resource Allocation And Phenotypic Plasticity Of Simultaneous Hermaphroditic Turtle Barnacles (Chelonibia Testudinaria),
2021
Nova Southeastern University
Resource Allocation And Phenotypic Plasticity Of Simultaneous Hermaphroditic Turtle Barnacles (Chelonibia Testudinaria), Kevin C. Cash
All HCAS Student Capstones, Theses, and Dissertations
This research addresses the knowledge gap of phenotypic plasticity in a commonly found and important species of epizoic barnacle, Chelonibia testudinaria. Limited research has been published regarding how phenotypic expression is mediated the spatial distribution of barnacles on a mobile host. To investigate this potential relationship, barnacles were collected from the backs of turtles along the beaches of Fort Lauderdale Florida. These barnacles were assessed for various phenotypic traits as well as their corresponding spatial distribution on the turtle carapace. Barnacles were safely removed from the carapace using a chisel before their preservation in ethanol. Barnacles were then numbered …
Prey Toxicity, Prey Refuge Use, And Stochasticity Increase Algal Blooms In A Phytoplankton-Zooplankton Mathematical Model,
2021
Yachay Tech
Prey Toxicity, Prey Refuge Use, And Stochasticity Increase Algal Blooms In A Phytoplankton-Zooplankton Mathematical Model, Naomi Cedeño, Erin Estes, Christopher Stieha
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Temporal Baseline Of Essential And Non-Essential Elements Recorded In Baleen Of Western Arctic Bowhead Whale (Balaena Mysticetus),
2021
Nova Southeastern University
Temporal Baseline Of Essential And Non-Essential Elements Recorded In Baleen Of Western Arctic Bowhead Whale (Balaena Mysticetus), Samantha Shore, Dimitri Giarikos, Lawrence K. Duffy, Mickie Rae Edwards, Amy Hirons
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles
This study established the first baseline of changing elemental concentrations in bowhead whale baleen over time (1958–1999). From previously published stable isotope data, year, season (summer or winter), and location (Beaufort or Bering/Chukchi seas) were attributed to each sample. Thirteen elements (Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, V, Zn) in baleen from nine subsistence-harvested bowhead whales (n = 138) were detected. Al, Cu, and Fe were the highest concentrations while Cd and V were among the lowest. Our data supports absorption as the main route of exposure to environmental elements rather than biomagnification due to …
Who Are We? Highlighting Nuances In Asian American Experiences In Ecology And Evolutionary Biology,
2021
Emory University
Who Are We? Highlighting Nuances In Asian American Experiences In Ecology And Evolutionary Biology, K. H. Nguyen, A. K. Akiona, C. C. Chang, V. B. Chaudhary, S. J. Cheng, S. M. Johnson, S. S. Kahanamoku, A. Lee, E. E. Deleon Sanchez, L. M. Segui, Richelle L. Tanner
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
"As ecologists and evolutionary biologists, it is important to recognize that issues surrounding AAPI do not exist in a vacuum and that these issues affect some of our students and colleagues in and outside of the classroom and lab. Recently, anti-Asian racism has been brought to the forefront of US society. Though media attention has primarily focused on how COVID-19 fears motivated both violent and nonviolent racist incidents against East Asians in 2020 (e.g., Chinese and Taiwanese Americans) (Tessler et al. 2020), attacks on other AAPI groups, such as South and Southeast Asians (e.g., Filipino, Pakistani, and Vietnamese Americans) (Truong …
First Ecological Characterization Of Whip Black Coral Assemblages (Hexacorallia: Antipatharia) In The Easter Island Ecoregion, Southeastern Pacific,
2021
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
First Ecological Characterization Of Whip Black Coral Assemblages (Hexacorallia: Antipatharia) In The Easter Island Ecoregion, Southeastern Pacific, Jan M. Tapia-Guerra, Cynthia M. Asorey, Erin E. Easton, Daniel Wagner, Matthias Gorny, Javier Sellanes
School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications
One of the main priorities of marine scientific research is to provide practical information and guidance for biodiversity conservation and management. In this context, the identification of key and fragile habitat-forming species is particularly important. Despite their ecological importance, whip corals in the order Antipatharia remain poorly studied around the world, and especially in the South Pacific. During recent expeditions to explore mesophotic and deep benthic habitats around Rapa Nui (Easter Island), dense assemblages of whip black corals were observed in situ. We here report the first detailed description of the distribution and abundance of these black coral assemblages …
Ontogeny And Resource Use Of Invasive Lionfish, Pterois Volitans, In Shallow Water Habitats Surrounding Summerland Key,
2021
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Ontogeny And Resource Use Of Invasive Lionfish, Pterois Volitans, In Shallow Water Habitats Surrounding Summerland Key, Emily Shallow
LSU Master's Theses
The invasive red lionfish, Pterois volitans, has been shown to considerably reduce reef biomass via predation and competition in non-native ranges. Primary maintenance of lionfish is through human removal (e.g., culling), which does not sufficiently control the population due to deep-water spawning, recolonization of recently culled reefs, and ontogenetic migrations to mesophotic waters. Here, I investigated the diets and primary energy pathways during ontogeny in lionfish from the Florida Keys using stomach contents and stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analysis to better understand their role in the trophic food web. Additionally, isotopic overlap between lionfish …
The Effects Of Partial Replacement Of Fish-Meal With Mesquite Pods On Growth Parameters Of Tilapia Fry, Oreochromis Mossambicus,
2021
Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Marine Biology, Hadhramout University
The Effects Of Partial Replacement Of Fish-Meal With Mesquite Pods On Growth Parameters Of Tilapia Fry, Oreochromis Mossambicus, Mohammed Abdullah Al-Dohai, Balqees Saleh Bin Breek, Mazan Saleh Bamatraf
Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences
This study was carried out to determine the effect of partial replacement of fish-meal with 15%, 30% and 45% of Mesquite pods (MP) in testing diets on growth parameters of Tilapia fries, Oreochromis mossambicus which reared in glass aquarium for 12 weeks. Twenty O. mossambicus fries (Mean initial weight 3.33 g) were randomly distributed into each 12 glass aquariums (measuring 50 x 50 x 50 cm) filled with tap water to 40 cm depth. Four treatments were formulated in this experiment. The first treatment was controlled and three testing diets contain 15%, 30% and 45% of MP. The results showed …
Proximate And Fatty Acid Composition Of Three Tuna Species From Hadhramout Coast Of The Arabian Sea, Yemen,
2021
Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Marine Biology, Hadhramout University
Proximate And Fatty Acid Composition Of Three Tuna Species From Hadhramout Coast Of The Arabian Sea, Yemen, Osan Maroof Bahurmiz
Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences
The Proximate and fatty acid composition were evaluated in three species of tuna; Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), longtail tuna (T. tonggol), little tuna (Euthynnus affinis) caught from Hadhramout coast of the Arabian Sea. The results of proximate composition showed high protein content in the flesh of all species, ranged from 22.52% to 24.36%. The average moisture, lipid and ash contents in the flesh of the three fish species were in the range of 70.13–74.0%, 2.34–4.66% and 1.25–1.37%, respectively. The fatty acid profile of all fish was dominated by saturated fatty acids, (31.76–36.77%), followed by polyunsaturated fatty acids (31.21–31.59%) and then …
Cetacean Acousticwelfare In Wild And Managed-Care Settings: Gaps And Opportunities,
2021
Oklahoma State University - Main Campus
Cetacean Acousticwelfare In Wild And Managed-Care Settings: Gaps And Opportunities, Paige E. Stevens, Heather Hill, Jason N. Bruck
Faculty Publications
Cetaceans are potentially at risk of poor welfare due to the animals’ natural reliance on sound and the persistent nature of anthropogenic noise, especially in the wild. Industrial, commercial, and recreational human activity has expanded across the seas, resulting in a propagation of sound with varying frequency characteristics. In many countries, current regulations are based on the potential to induce hearing loss; however, a more nuanced approach is needed when shaping regulations, due to other non-hearing loss effects including activation of the stress response, acoustic masking, frequency shifts, alterations in behavior, and decreased foraging. Cetaceans in managedcare settings share the …
Wrack Lines Volume 21, Number 2, Fall/Winter 2021-22,
2021
University of Connecticut - Avery Point
Wrack Lines Volume 21, Number 2, Fall/Winter 2021-22, Nancy C. Balcom, Judy Benson, Syma A. Ebbin, Kira Goldenberg, Judy Preston, Howard "Mickey" Weiss
Wrack Lines
"Discovery, Rediscovery and Rebirth: new eyes, new understanding of familiar places" is the theme for the Fall-Winter 2021-22 issue. The main article package consists of five stories about the lands and waters that will comprise the Connecticut National Estuarine Research Reserve (CT NERR). These are: overview and introduction; Great Island; lower Thames River; Bluff Point State Park; and Haley Farm State Park. Other articles include one on research into the cause of invasive Cladophora seaweed dominating Little Narragansett Bay; and another on the transformation of the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History.
Nutrient Cycling In Tropical And Temperate Coastal Waters: Is Latitude Making A Difference?,
2021
Old Dominion University
Nutrient Cycling In Tropical And Temperate Coastal Waters: Is Latitude Making A Difference?, Christian Lønborg, Moritz Müller, Edward C. V. Butler, Shan Jiang, Seng Keat Ooi, Dieu Huong Trinh, Pui Yee Wong, Suryati M. Ali, Chun Cui, Wee Boon Siong, Erik S. Yando, Daniel A. Friess, Judith A. Rosentreter, Bradley D. Eyre, Patrick Martin
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Tropical coastal waters are highly dynamic and amongst the most biogeochemically active zones in the ocean. This review compares nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycles in temperate and tropical coastal waters. We review the literature to identify major similarities and differences between these two regions, specifically with regards to the impact of environmental factors (temperature, sunlight), riverine inputs, groundwater, lateral fluxes, atmospheric deposition, nitrogen fixation, organic nutrient cycling, primary production, respiration, sedimentary burial, denitrification and anammox. Overall, there are some similarities but also key differences in nutrient cycling, with differences relating mainly to temperature, sunlight, and precipitation amounts and patterns. …
Overfishing Drives Over One-Third Of All Sharks And Rays Toward A Global Extinction Crisis,
2021
Old Dominion University
Overfishing Drives Over One-Third Of All Sharks And Rays Toward A Global Extinction Crisis, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Nathan Pacoureau, Cassandra L. Rigby, Riley A. Pollom, Rima W. Jabado, David A. Ebert, Brittany Finucci, Caroline M. Pollock, Jessica Cheok, Danielle H. Derrick, Katelyn B. Herman, C. Samantha Sherman, Wade J. Vanderwright, Julia M. Lawson, Rachel H.L. Walls, John K. Carlson, Patricia Charvet, Kinattumkara K. Bineesh, Daniel Fernando, Gina M. Ralph, Jay H. Matsushiba, Craig Hilton-Taylor, Sonja V. Fordham, Colin A. Simpfendorfer
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
The scale and drivers of marine biodiversity loss are being revealed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessment process. We present the first global reassessment of 1,199 species in Class Chondrichthyes-sharks, rays, and chimeras. The first global assessment (in 2014) concluded that one-quarter (24%) of species were threatened. Now, 391 (32.6%) species are threatened with extinction. When this percentage of threat is applied to Data Deficient species, more than one-third (37.5%) of chondrichthyans are estimated to be threatened, with much of this change resulting from new information. Three species are Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct), representing …
Disentangling Diverse Responses To Climate Change Among Global Marine Ecosystem Models,
2021
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Disentangling Diverse Responses To Climate Change Among Global Marine Ecosystem Models, Ryan F. Heneghan, Eric Galbraith, Julia L. Blanchard, Cheryl S. Harrison, Nicolas Barrier, Catherine Bulman, William Cheung, Marta Coli, Tyler D. Eddy, Maite Erauskin-Extramiana
School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications
Climate change is warming the ocean and impacting lower trophic level (LTL) organisms. Marine ecosystem models can provide estimates of how these changes will propagate to larger animals and impact societal services such as fisheries, but at present these estimates vary widely. A better understanding of what drives this inter-model variation will improve our ability to project fisheries and other ecosystem services into the future, while also helping to identify uncertainties in process understanding. Here, we explore the mechanisms that underlie the diversity of responses to changes in temperature and LTLs in eight global marine ecosystem models from the Fisheries …
Next-Generation Ensemble Projections Reveal Higher Climate Risks For Marine Ecosystems,
2021
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Next-Generation Ensemble Projections Reveal Higher Climate Risks For Marine Ecosystems, Derek P. Tittensor, Camilla Novaglio, Cheryl S. Harrison, Ryan F. Heneghan, Nicolas Barrier, Daniele Bianchi, Laurent Bopp, Andrea Bryndum-Buchholz, Gregory L. Britten, Matthias Büchner
School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications
Projections of climate change impacts on marine ecosystems have revealed long-term declines in global marine animal biomass and unevenly distributed impacts on fisheries. Here we apply an enhanced suite of global marine ecosystem models from the Fisheries and Marine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project (Fish-MIP), forced by new-generation Earth system model outputs from Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), to provide insights into how projected climate change will affect future ocean ecosystems. Compared with the previous generation CMIP5-forced Fish-MIP ensemble, the new ensemble ecosystem simulations show a greater decline in mean global ocean animal biomass under both strong-mitigation …
An Assessment Of The Marine Protected Area Ecological Monitoring Framework In Kenya,
2021
World Maritime University
An Assessment Of The Marine Protected Area Ecological Monitoring Framework In Kenya, Tracy Masicha Wafula
World Maritime University Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Understanding Human Impacts On The Marine Environment In Fiji : Insights From An Odemm Conceptual Model And Semi-Structured Interviews,
2021
World Maritime University
Understanding Human Impacts On The Marine Environment In Fiji : Insights From An Odemm Conceptual Model And Semi-Structured Interviews, Alumita Talei Sekinairai
World Maritime University Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Climate-Assisted Persistence Of Tropical Fish Vagrants In Temperate Marine Ecosystems,
2021
Curtin University of Technology
Climate-Assisted Persistence Of Tropical Fish Vagrants In Temperate Marine Ecosystems, Laura Gajdzik, Thomas M. Decarlo, Adam Koziol, Mahsa Mousavi-Derazmahalleh, Megan Coghlan, Matthew W. Power, Michael Bunce, David Fairclough, Michael J. Travers, Glenn I. Moore, Joseph D. Dibattista
Fisheries Research Articles
Rising temperatures and extreme climate events are propelling tropical species into temperate marine ecosystems, but not all species can persist. Here, we used the heatwave-driven expatriation of tropical Black Rabbitfish (Siganus fuscescens) to the temperate environments of Western Australia to assess the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that may entail their persistence. Population genomic assays for this rabbitfish indicated little genetic differentiation between tropical residents and vagrants to temperate environments due to high migration rates, which were likely enhanced by the marine heatwave. DNA metabarcoding revealed a diverse diet for this species based on phytoplankton and algae, as well …
Moving Conferences Online: Lessons Learned From An International Virtual Meeting,
2021
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Moving Conferences Online: Lessons Learned From An International Virtual Meeting, Paris V. Stefanoudis, Leann M. Biancani, Sergio Cambronero-Solano, Malcolm R. Clark, Jonathan T. Copley, Erin E. Easton, Franziska Elmer, Steven H. D. Haddock, Santiago Herrera, Ilysa S. Iglesias
School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications
We consider the opportunities and challenges associated with organizing a conference online, using a case study of a medium-sized (approx. 400 participants) international conference held virtually in August 2020. In addition, we present quantifiable evidence of the participants’ experience using the results from an online post-conference questionnaire. Although the virtual meeting was not able to replicate the in-person experience in some aspects (e.g. less engagement between participants) the overwhelming majority of respondents found the meeting an enjoyable experience and would join similar events again. Notably, there was a strong desire for future inperson meetings to have at least some online …
