Pg-Vtv Biogenesis Requires Atp To Facilitate Phosphorylation Of Syntaxin 17,
2018
University of Central Florida
Pg-Vtv Biogenesis Requires Atp To Facilitate Phosphorylation Of Syntaxin 17, Anika Saxena
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The uptake of cytotoxic free fatty acids (FFA) and their conversion to physiologically expedient triglycerides (TAG) which are later on assimilated to very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) is of utmost value among the multifarious tasks performed by the liver. Inflated concentration of VLDL in the blood stream directly correlates with the reinforcement of atherosclerosis. VLDL is synthesized in the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and transported to the Golgi where it encounters several alterations. It is then enclosed in distinct post-Golgi VLDL transport vesicles (PG-VTVs) and released into the blood. The data generated in our lab has proved the requirement of …
Deciphering The Role Of Adrenergic Hormones In Embryonic Cardiac Calcium Signaling And Metabolism,
2018
University of Central Florida
Deciphering The Role Of Adrenergic Hormones In Embryonic Cardiac Calcium Signaling And Metabolism, Jessica Peoples
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The adrenergic hormones norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) are critical regulators of mammalian cardiovascular physiology. NE and EPI mediate stress responses to enhance cardiovascular function, however dysregulation of adrenergic signaling leads to heart failure, congenital heart malformations, and sudden cardiac death. Adrenergic hormone-expressing cells were found in the early embryonic heart, and NE has been determined essential for embryonic cardiac development. Despite extensive work in adults, the regulatory roles and adrenergic targets of these hormones during embryonic cardiac development have not yet been fully determined. Prior transcriptomic studies from our lab showed that expression of signal transduction and metabolic genes …
Characterization Of Neural Cells Derived From Reelin-Deficient Schizophrenic Patient Ips Cells,
2018
University of Central Florida
Characterization Of Neural Cells Derived From Reelin-Deficient Schizophrenic Patient Ips Cells, Nicole Roberts
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Reelin is a large, extracellular glycoprotein that binds to several membrane receptors on neural stem cells (HNSCs), neural progenitor cells (NPCs), and neuroblasts of mammals to direct their migration. Previously, our lab established the presence of Reelin increased migration of wild-type fetal-derived HNSC's, both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we demonstrated that Reelin protein treatment also increases the formation of radial glia via Notch-1 signaling, in vitro. Radial glia are precursors to NPCs, as well as a scaffold for neuroblast migration during cortical lamination. Reelin has long been associated with Schizophrenia (SZ). Because post-mortem brains are limited to …
Role Of Lipid Peroxide Derived Dicarboxylic Acids In Atherosclerotic Calcification,
2018
University of Central Florida
Role Of Lipid Peroxide Derived Dicarboxylic Acids In Atherosclerotic Calcification, Aladdin Riad
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, are the leading cause of death in the United States. Atherosclerotic lesions are formed by deposition of lipids in the intima of arteries. Upon exposure to oxidative stresses, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is converted to highly atherogenic oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) particles, contributing to disease development and progression. Advanced disease stages may result in calcification of lesions. This calcification process is important, as it has been shown to be associated with stable plaques that are less prone to rupture. Calcification is present in lipid rich domains of lesions, however neither the composition of the mineralized calcium deposits nor …
Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Inhibit Doxorubicin-Induced Pyroptosis In Cell Culture Models,
2018
University of Central Florida
Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Inhibit Doxorubicin-Induced Pyroptosis In Cell Culture Models, Zahra Tavakoli Dargani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a potent chemotherapeutic drug used for the treatment of various cancers. Unfortunately, its use is limited as Dox induces adverse cardiotoxicity (DIC) and muscle toxicity (DIMT), which are mediated through oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation. However, it remains unknown whether Dox induces an inflammation mediated cell death, called “pyroptosis”. The current study is designed to determine whether Dox induces pyroptosis in cardiac and muscle cell culture models. Moreover, the protective effects of embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes (ES-Exos) in inhibiting pyroptosis will also be determined. For this purpose, we designed two different cell culture models using H9c2 …
Knowledge And Attitudes Regarding The Recent Zika Outbreak Among A Sample Of South Florida Residents,
2018
University of Central Florida
Knowledge And Attitudes Regarding The Recent Zika Outbreak Among A Sample Of South Florida Residents, Mohamed Elakkari
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
South Florida has had the largest number of U.S. Zika infection cases during the recent outbreak. This study aimed at assessing South Floridians' basic knowledge, perceptions of the seriousness and susceptibility to Zika infection, their information sources and needs, as well as their attitudes towards the protective measures proposed by the CDC. We also wanted to assess whether any of those factors have affected the frequency of participants' undertaking of the protective behaviors. To this end, we designed an online questionnaire and surveyed the responses of five hundred South Floridians (Age=18-78 years). We found significant gaps in participants' knowledge about …
A Role For A Predicted E. Coli Inner Membrane Lipoprotein In Cell Envelope Integrity,
2018
CUNY City College of New York
A Role For A Predicted E. Coli Inner Membrane Lipoprotein In Cell Envelope Integrity, Charlie Chung
Dissertations and Theses
One of the distinct characteristics of Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli is the possession of a double-membraned cell envelope. The outer membrane provides an additional layer of protection against hydrophobic molecules including antibiotics, contributing to the multidrug resistance crisis. The Gram-negative membrane is composed of phospholipids, glycolipids, and proteins. A large portion of the bacterial cellular proteome is composed of membrane proteins. Despite this, the functions of several membrane proteins are as yet undefined. Therefore, defining the physiological roles of uncharacterized membrane proteins is expected to provide us with insights into the biology of the Gram-negative cell envelope and …
Collective Chemotaxis Of Retinal Neural Cells From Drosophila Melanogaster In Controlled Microenvironments,
2018
CUNY City College
Collective Chemotaxis Of Retinal Neural Cells From Drosophila Melanogaster In Controlled Microenvironments, Stephanie Zhang
Dissertations and Theses
More than 172 million people are influenced by a retinal disorder that stems from either age-related or developmental causes. Of those, 1.5 million people endure a developmental retinal disorder. In the developing retina, neural cells undergo a series of highly complicated differentiation and migration process. A main cause of these diseases is abnormal collective migration of neural progenitors hindering the retinogenesis process. However, our grasp of collective migration and signaling molecules, critical to the developing retina, is incompletely understood. Understanding the molecular mechanisms, such as the fibroblast growth factor pathway, that regulate glial and neuronal migration provides decisive insights in …
Manipulation Of Genes Involved In Secondary Cell Wall Development During Wood Formation In Poplar,
2018
Michigan Technological University
Manipulation Of Genes Involved In Secondary Cell Wall Development During Wood Formation In Poplar, Kavitha Satish Kumar
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Lignins are second most abundant components of vascular plant cell walls. They provide plants with structural rigidity and are polymers of monolignols. Lignin polymerization is catalyzed by peroxidases and/or laccases. These enzymes are suggested to share functional overlap and mechanism by which they coordinate this process is not clearly understood. There are about 100 peroxidases and 50 laccase genes known in poplar genome out of which some stem differentiating xylem-specific (SDX) enzymes were selected for our study. The main objective was to genetically manipulate genes expressed in the SDX region in the cell wall to see the effects on lignin …
Quantitative Genetics Of Populus,
2018
Michigan Technological University
Quantitative Genetics Of Populus, Roba Bdeir
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Evidence for bark, stem and stomatal density adaptation to different climates in the model species Populus is seen in both the natural population as well as in the greenhouse, but the genetic basis of these adaptation remains poorly understood. The present thesis investigates bark texture, bark thickness, diameter and stomatal density variations among Populus population using two quantitative genetics methods to attempt understand the genetic system controlling inheritance of these traits and to associate them with respective genes. The first approach aimed at detecting quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with all phenotypic traits in an interspecific hybrid pedigree (Populus …
Building Capacity For A Global Genome Editing Observatory: Conceptual Challenges,
2018
Arizona State University
Building Capacity For A Global Genome Editing Observatory: Conceptual Challenges, J. Benjamin Hurlbut, Sheila Jasanoff, Krishanu Saha, Aziza Ahmed, Anthony Appiah, Elizabeth Bartholet, Francoise Baylis, Gaymon Bennett, George Church, I. Glenn Cohen, George Daley, Kevin Finneran, William Hurlbut, Rudolf Jaenisch, Laurence Lwoff, John Paul Kimes, Peter Mills, Jacob Moses, Buhm Soon Park, Erik Parens, Rachel Salzman, Abha Saxena, Hilton Simmet, Tania Simoncelli, O. Carter Snead, Kaushik Sunder Rajan, Robert D. Truog, Patricia Williams, Christiane Woopen
Journal Articles
A new infrastructure is urgently needed at the global level to facilitate exchange on key issues concerning genome editing. We advocate the establishment of a global observatory to serve as a center for international, interdisciplinary, and cosmopolitan reflection.
Agri 115: Biotechnology – Food, Health And Environment, A Peer Review Of Teaching Project Benchmark Portfolio,
2018
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Agri 115: Biotechnology – Food, Health And Environment, A Peer Review Of Teaching Project Benchmark Portfolio, Leah Sandall
UNL Faculty Course Portfolios
No abstract provided.
A Comparison Of Three Diagnostic Platforms For The Detection Of Influenza A And B In Children,
2018
Aga Khan University
A Comparison Of Three Diagnostic Platforms For The Detection Of Influenza A And B In Children, Furqan Kabir, Marvi Tariq, Fatima Aziz, Syed Imran Rizvi, Shahida Qureshi, Syed Asad Ali, Najeeha Talat Iqbal
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Background: Viral flu is the predominant cause of hospitalization in young children, which invariably leads to enhanced morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries. Initial treatment of viral flu is based on presumptive diagnosis. Bedside testing is not common in clinical settings because of variable sensitivity and specificity of rapid tests in different settings.
Methods: To address this issue, we evaluated the performance of Binax influenza A/B rapid testing kit against two robust molecular platforms (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction [qRT-PCR] and TaqMan array card [TAC]) in 24 nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs, collected from children under 5 years of age. …
Characterization Of Recombinant Glycogen Debranching Enzyme From Corynebacterium Glutamicum And Application For Resistant Starch Production,
2018
Faculty of Science
Characterization Of Recombinant Glycogen Debranching Enzyme From Corynebacterium Glutamicum And Application For Resistant Starch Production, Chay Sirirattanachatchawan
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Glycogen debranching enzyme (EC 2.4.1.25/EC 3.2.1.33) catalyzes a hydrolysis of α-1,6 glycosidic bond and a transfer α-1,4 glucan from donor molecules to acceptor molecules. The objectives of this research are to characterize a glycogen debranching enzyme from Corynebacterium glutamicum (CgGDE) and optimize resistant starch (RS) type 3 production using recombinant CgGDE. Recombinant CgGDE was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and successfully purified by DEAE FFTM column. The calculated molecular weight of CgGDE was approximately 95 kDa and the protein existed as a trimer as analyzed by size exclusion chromatography. CgGDE showed the highest activity on amylopectin followed by glycogen, …
Optimization Of Protein Hydrolysate Preparation From Split Gill Mushroom Schizophyllum Commune,
2018
Faculty of Sciences
Optimization Of Protein Hydrolysate Preparation From Split Gill Mushroom Schizophyllum Commune, Aunchalee Wongaem
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The optimum conditions for hydrolysate production from split gill mushroom protein using the microbial protease, Alcalase were investigated. The study was conducted using central composite design and response surface methodology. Three independent factors: hydrolysis temperature (45, 50, and 55 °C); hydrolysis time (60, 120, and 180 min); and enzyme to substrate ratio (2%, 4%, and 6% w/v) were varied, while the pH was fixed at pH 8. These three factors had a significant effect on the DH and ABTS radical-scavenging activity (p < 0.05). The optimum conditions obtained from experiments were: enzyme to substrate ratio 2%; hydrolysis time 161.4 min; and temperature 55 °C. The coefficient of determination (R2) of total protein and the IC50 value for ABTS radical-scavenging activity were 0.972 and 0.205 µg/mL, respectively, and the DH value was 50.882%. The hydrolysate was fractionated by molecular weight (MW) cut-off membranes (10, 5, 3, and 0.65 kDa). The < 0.65 kDa fraction had the highest radical scavenging ability (IC50 = 0.026 ± 0.004 µg/mL). The MW < 0.65 kDa fraction was separated by reversed-phase HPLC to yield four subfractions (F1–5). The F4 subfraction showed the highest maximum ABTS radical-scavenging activity and was selected for further analysis by quadrupole-time-of-flight-electron spin induction–mass spectrometry-based. Five antioxidant peptides were identified. In addition, the MW< 0.65 kDa fraction protected against oxidation-induced DNA damage in pBR322, pKS, and pUC19 plasmids. Furthermore, the MW < 0.65 kDa fraction, exhibited cellular antioxidant activity in a human intestinal cancer cell line (HT-29), which was dependent on the peptide concentration. These results suggested that split gill mushroom protein hydrolysate is a good source of bioactive peptides and has potential as a natural antioxidant in food production and cosmetic products.
Reaction Mechanisms Of Substrate And Inhibitor With Ns2b/Ns3 Serine Protease Of Zika Virus By Mm And Qm/Mm Simulations,
2018
Faculty of Science
Reaction Mechanisms Of Substrate And Inhibitor With Ns2b/Ns3 Serine Protease Of Zika Virus By Mm And Qm/Mm Simulations, Bodee Nutho
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has become a public health concern worldwide. The recent epidemiological data have revealed a possible association of ZIKV infection with neurological manifestations in both newborn children and adults. Currently, there is no anti-ZIKV drug or vaccine available for preventing or controlling ZIKV infection. An attractive drug target for ZIKV treatment is NS2B/NS3 serine protease that plays a crucial role to cleave the peptide bond during the viral replication process. Initially, the ZIKV NS2B/NS3 serine protease in complex with four peptide substrates were studied to investigate the binding recognition and protein-substrate interactions using conventional molecular dynamics (MD) …
Development And Screening Of Chalcones Against Cancer Protein Targets Using In Silico And In Vitro Techniques,
2018
Faculty of Science
Development And Screening Of Chalcones Against Cancer Protein Targets Using In Silico And In Vitro Techniques, Kanyani Sangpheak
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Targeted cancer therapy has become one of high potential cancer treatments. Human topoisomerase IIα (hTopoIIα) and Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) are proteins that play important roles on cell cycle. The hTopoIIα catalyzes the cleavage and rejoining of double-stranded DNA while EGFR function on cell signaling. Thus, the two proteins have been suggested as molecular target for the development of novel cancer therapeutics. A series of 47 chalcone derivatives was screened against hTopoIIα and EGFR-TK by in silico and in vitro techniques. Chalcone 3d showed a high cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 10.8, 3.2 and 21.1 µM against …
Extraction Of Spent Green Tea Leaves As Bioactive-Compound Source,
2018
Faculty of Science
Extraction Of Spent Green Tea Leaves As Bioactive-Compound Source, Monsichar Yannarat
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Spent green tea leaves (SGTL) are a major contributor to the high cost of commercial tea products because of the large amount of leftover and the cost of disposal. This research investigates on the solvent and time for the extraction of SGTL that provides good yield of potential compound and to separate bioactive compounds as enrich-fractions and pure compounds. The obtained fractions were evaluated for antioxidant, antityrosinase, anticholinesterase and plant growth regulator activities. Caffeine was found in all samples. Among five extracts, the dichloromethane extract revealed high caffeine content (92.8 %peak area), while the methanol extract showed the highest five-catechin …
Production Of 1, 12- Dodecanedioic Acid By Recombinant Microbial Cytochrome P450 In Pichia Pastoris And Saccharomyces Cerevisiae,
2018
Faculty of Sciences
Production Of 1, 12- Dodecanedioic Acid By Recombinant Microbial Cytochrome P450 In Pichia Pastoris And Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Phawadee Buathong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
1,12-Dodecanedioic acid (DDA) is a primary compound which is used as an intermediate precursor for production of valuable chemical products. Biosynthesis of 1,12-DDA by recombinant (r) microorganisms can be used as an alternative method to compensate several disadvantages from chemical synthesis. The purpose of this study was to clone a CYP52A17 from Candida tropicalis to produce cytochrome P450 which can terminally oxidize fatty acids to hydroxy-fatty acids and further to dicarboxylic acids (ω-oxidation). The wild type rCYP52A17 and its engineered L261S/L490S (leucine changed to encode for serine) form (rCYP52A17mut) were expressed in Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae which coexpressing the …
Characterization Of Pmspӓtzle And Spipm5 From Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus Monodon,
2018
Faculty of Science
Characterization Of Pmspӓtzle And Spipm5 From Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus Monodon, Sittichai Boonrawd
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Humoral response proteins in shrimp, antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) and proteinase inhibitors, are implicated in host defenses against the pathogen infection because their expression is changed in response to microbial infection. After the pathogen infection in shrimp, the Spätzle protein is synthesized and activated the pathogenic signaling via Toll pathway by its active protein for the synthesis of AMPs. In this study, three PmSpätzle isoforms, PmSpz1, 2 and 3 genes, were identified in Penaeus monodon. The PmSpz1 gene was chosen for studied in details. Its gene was expressed in all shrimp tissues tested and in response to WSSV infection. Western blot …
