Marine Biology Commons^™

การจำแนกชนิดปลาทูและปลาลัง Rastrelliger Spp. ด้วยเครื่องหมายพันธุกรรมไมโทคอนเดรียลดีเอ็นเอ, ปรินทร อยู่คงแก้ว

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ปลาทูและปลาลังในสกุล Rastrelliger เป็นปลาเศรษฐกิจที่สำคัญในน่านน้ำไทยและมีลักษณะทางสัณฐานวิทยาที่ใกล้เคียงกันมาก การจำแนกชนิดพันธุ์ที่ถูกต้องจึงมีความจำเป็นในการจัดการทรัพยากร การศึกษาในครั้งนี้จึงมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อค้นหาเครื่องหมายพันธุกรรมที่ใช้จำแนกชนิดปลาทู (Rastrelliger brachysoma) และปลาลัง (R. kanagurta) ในอ่าวไทย รวมถึงตรวจสอบความถูกต้องของวิธีการจำแนกชนิดด้วยลักษณะสัณฐานวิทยาของปลาทูและปลาลังในอ่าวไทยโดยเก็บตัวอย่างจากท่าเรือประมงพื้นบ้านจำนวน 5 พื้นที่ครอบคลุมทั่วอ่าวไทยในเดือนตุลาคม พ.ศ.2564 คือ จังหวัดตราด ชลบุรี สมุทรสงคราม ชุมพร และสงขลา รวมตัวอย่างปลาทูและปลาลังที่ผ่านการจำแนกชนิดด้วยยีน 16S rRNA โดยเทคนิคทางอณูชีววิทยาทั้งหมด 295 ตัว แบ่งเป็นปลาทู 128 ตัวและปลาลัง 167 ตัว มีขนาดความยาวเหยียดเท่ากับ 15.90-21.00 เซนติเมตร และ 15.30-23.90 เซนติเมตรตามลำดับ ทำการวิเคราะห์ลักษณะทางสัณฐานวิทยาจากการวัดขนาดรูปร่าง พบว่าปลาทูและปลาลังมีอัตราส่วนระหว่างความยาวส้อมหางต่อความลึกของส่วนหัวเท่ากับ 3.6-4.3 และ 3.7-4.6 ตามลำดับ ซึ่งมีช่วงที่ซ้อนทับกันระหว่างชนิดทำให้ไม่สามารถจำแนกความต่างระหว่างชนิดได้ และเมื่อวิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างลักษณะต่างๆ ด้วยวิธีการวิเคราะห์องค์ประกอบหลัก (PCA) ก็ไม่สามารถจำแนกชนิดได้อย่างชัดเจนแต่สามารถเห็นความแตกต่างเมื่อพิจารณาเฉพาะแต่ละพื้นที่ ประชากรในจังหวัดตราด ชลบุรี และสงขลามีลักษณะทางสัณฐานวิทยาที่ค่อนข้างแตกต่างกันอย่างชัดเจน ในขณะที่ประชากรในจังหวัดสมุทรสงครามมีลักษณะทางสัณฐานวิทยาที่ใกล้เคียงกันมาก และประชากรในจังหวัดชุมพรมีทั้งส่วนที่แตกต่างกันและใกล้เคียงกัน การวิเคราะห์ลำดับนิวคลีโอไทด์ของยีน 16S rRNA ในไมโทคอนเดรียลดีเอ็นเอ (mtDNA) เพื่อจำแนกชนิดและศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ทางพันธุกรรม ยืนยันว่าปลาทูและปลาลังในอ่าวไทยมีความใกล้ชิดกันมากซึ่งสอดคล้องกับงานวิจัยก่อนหน้า อย่างไรก็ตาม พบความไม่สอดคล้องกันระหว่างลักษณะทางสัณฐานวิทยาและ mtDNA ในบางตัวอย่าง ซึ่งอาจเป็นผลมาจากการผสมข้ามสายพันธุ์ การศึกษาครั้งนี้ประสบความสำเร็จในการพัฒนา 16S rRNA ไพรเมอร์ ที่สามารถจำแนกชนิดปลาทูและปลาลังได้ตั้งแต่ขั้นตอนการทำพีซีอาร์ ซึ่งจะเป็นประโยชน์อย่างยิ่งสำหรับการศึกษาในอนาคต การศึกษาครั้งนี้ชี้ให้เห็นความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างปลาทูและปลาลังในอ่าวไทยที่มีความซับซ้อนจำเป็นต้องศึกษาเพิ่มเติมโดยใช้เครื่องหมายพันธุกรรมที่หลากหลาย เพื่อทำความเข้าใจลักษณะเฉพาะของปลาทั้ง 2 ชนิด และโครงสร้างประชากร ซึ่งจะนำไปสู่การอนุรักษ์ทรัพยากรประมงอย่างยั่งยืนต่อไป

Biomass And Productivity Of Thalassia Testudinum In Estuaries Of The Florida Panhandle, Laura A. Yarbro, Paul R. Carlson, Ken L. Heck, Dorothy Byron, Sandra Brooke, Linda Fitzhugh, Sheila Scolaro, Barbara Albrecht, Rachel Presley, Jane M. Caffrey

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Thalassia testudinum often dominates seagrass meadows of the Florida panhandle but few measurements of productivity, biomass, density, turnover or leaf area index in this region have been made. We targeted 5 estuaries located at similar latitudes, 30⁰ ± 0.3⁰N: Big Lagoon, Santa Rosa Sound, St. Andrew Bay, St. Joseph Bay, and St. George Sound. This study was one component of a collaborative partnership of state and local researchers examining factors preventing recovery in panhandle estuarine areas that had historically contained seagrass in the 1940s and 1950s. Measurements were made twice in 2016, once in June and then again in summer …

Dynamics Of The Benthic Communities Of Pigeon Islets (Guadeloupe Island, Lesser Antilles) From 2012 To 2021 Monitored By A Photo-Quadrats Technique, Hanna-May Malahel, Camille Freschet, Simone Mège, Claude Bouchon

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Since 2012, the benthic communities of the Pigeon Islets (Guadeloupe Island, Lesser Antilles) have been monitored biannually by the National Park of Guadeloupe using photo—quadrats. This monitoring was carried out at 12 coral reef stations distributed around the islets. The data collected from 2012 to 2021 highlight the significant events that disrupted the coral communities of Guadeloupe. Among these remarkable phenomena, an episode of coral bleaching occurred in 2019, followed by the appearance of a new coral disease, Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease (SCTLD), in 2020. As a result of these threats, a drop of 54% of coral cover was …

Levels Of Autotrophy And Heterotrophy In Mesophotic Corals Near The End Photic Zone, Amy Carmignani, Veronica Z. Radice, Kathryn M. Mcmahon, Alex I. Holman, Karen Miller, Kliti Grice, Zoe Richards

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Mesophotic corals live at ~30-150 m depth and can sustain metabolic processes under light-limited conditions by enhancing autotrophy through specialized photoadaptations or increasing heterotrophic nutrient acquisition. These acclimatory processes are often species-specific, however mesophotic ecosystems are largely unexplored and acclimation limits for most species are unknown. This study examined mesophotic coral ecosystems using a remotely operated vehicle (Ashmore Reef, Western Australia at 40–75m depth) to investigate the trophic ecology of five species of scleractinian coral (from genera Leptoseris, Pachyseris, and Craterastrea) using stable isotope analyses (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) of host and symbiont tissues …

Levels Of Autotrophy And Heterotrophy In Mesophotic Corals Near The End Photic Zone, Amy Carmignani, Veronica Z. Radice, Kathryn M. Mcmahon, Alex I. Holman, Karen Miller, Kliti Grice, Zoe Richards

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Mesophotic corals live at ~30-150 m depth and can sustain metabolic processes under light-limited conditions by enhancing autotrophy through specialized photoadaptations or increasing heterotrophic nutrient acquisition. These acclimatory processes are often species-specific, however mesophotic ecosystems are largely unexplored and acclimation limits for most species are unknown. This study examined mesophotic coral ecosystems using a remotely operated vehicle (Ashmore Reef, Western Australia at 40 – 75m depth) to investigate the trophic ecology of five species of scleractinian coral (from genera Leptoseris, Pachyseris, and Craterastrea) using stable isotope analyses (δ13C and δ15N) of host and symbiont tissues and protein concentration. Trophic strategies …

[Snakehead (Channa Marulius)]Neurocranium, Sam Gorman, Jessica Rutenis, David W. Kerstetter

All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series

Snakehead Neurocranium

Nitrogen Isotopes In Deep Sea Corals; A Potential Tracer Of Paleoceanographic Conditions, Sylvia Bergerud

Scripps Senior Theses

Abstract

In the face of anthropogenic climate change, increasing pressure is being mounted on contextualizing current climate altercations compared to those of the past. One key tracer of climate variation is the isotopic ratio of 15N compared to 14N, which tracks biological and chemical reactions throughout the N cycle. However, it is difficult to find accurate palaeoceanographic records of N isotope fractionation, as most sedimentary and organic samples are subject to extensive diagenesis, degradation, and erosive processes. Scleractinian corals present a potential solution to this lack of accurate data. Multiple studies indicate that, due to their protective aragonite skeletons and …

Novel Biorefinery Process For Extraction Of Laminarin, Alginate And Protein From Brown Seaweed Using Hydrodynamic Cavitation, Xianglu Zhu, Laura Healy, Rahel Suchintita Das, M.L. Bhavya, Shanmugapriya Karuppusamy, Da-Wen Sun, Colm O'Donnell, Brijesh K. Tiwari

Articles

This paper investigates a novel biorefinery process designed for the extraction of valuable compounds from brown seaweed Alaria esculenta using hydrodynamic cavitation (HDC). A two-stage process was developed to maximize the value of seaweed biomass by control of the processing time, solvent selection and HDC conditions to extract laminarin, alginate, mannitol and protein in a cascading manner, maximizing the value of seaweed biomass. After the first extraction stage using 0.1 M HCl, membrane ultrafiltration was employed to separate laminarin and mannitol. The purity of the laminarin and mannitol obtained was up to 86.57 ± 3.72 % and 40.49 ± 2.78 …

Genetic Algorithm For Solving A Just-In-Time Inventory Model With Imperfect Rework Implemented In A Serial Multi-Echelon System, Hsien-Chung Tsao, Cheng-Chi Chung, Hsuan-Shih Lee, Chih-Ping Lin, Yan-Yun Tu, Ssu-Chi Lin

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

As global industrial competition intensifies, enterprises can achieve substantial competitive advantages in the supply chain management environment by promptly meeting customer demands and efficiently reducing both supply and demand costs. This paper proposes an inventory model for supply chain optimization that considers uncertain delivery lead times and defective products. Solving the model requires solving a nonlinear mixed-integer problem, which traditionally requires considerable time. Solutions to nondeterministic polynomial-time hard problems with high complexity and difficulty are often obtained using heuristic algorithms. Among these algorithms, genetic algorithms have high efficiency and quality. Therefore, we employed a genetic algorithm to solve the proposed …

An Mrf Model-Based Study On The Effect Of Fishes Upon The Characteristics Of Flow Field Of An Aquaculture Tank, Xian-Ying Shi, Zheng-Zheng Huang, Meng Li, Yinxin Zhou, Xiao-Zhong Ren, Hang-Fei Liu, Shu-Peng Du

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The study aims to investigate the effect of fish movement on the flow field in the aquaculture tank of a recirculating water aquaculture system. Herein, based on the Navier-Stokes equations and the RNG k-ε turbulence model, the flow field in the aquaculture tank with fish movement was numerically simulated using the multiple reference frame (MRF) model and compared with the numerical simulation results of the fishless aquaculture tank. The results revealed that the overall mean flow velocity in the tank decreased significantly when the fish swam counter-currently with a fixed trajectory, and the overall mean flow velocity increased slightly when …

Occurrence Of Predation Of Juvenile Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus Keta) By Chub Mackerel (Scomber Japonicus) And Spotted Mackerel (Scomber Australasicus) In Miyako Bay, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, Kei Sasaki, Miwa Yatsuya, Daisuke Shimizu, Daisuke Ojima, Shinji Komatsu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In recent years, chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) and spotted mackerel (Scomber australasicus) have started migrating to the coastal areas off Iwate Prefecture earlier than they did previously, resulting in a geographic overlap between hatchery-bred juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) released at sea and the occurrence of predatory mackerel. To clarify whether the mackerels prey on the juvenile chum salmon, we captured adult mackerels by angling during the period when these species overlap in Miyako Bay, Iwate Prefecture. After capture, the stomach contents of the mackerel were examined using a combination of visual examinations and DNA metabarcoding analysis. As a result, …

River Report. State Of Lower St. Johns River Basin, Florida: Water Quality, Fisheries, Aquatic Life, Contaminants, 2023, Environmental Protection Board, Jacksonville Florida, University Of North Florida, Jacksonville University, Gerry Pinto, Brian P. Zoellner, Christopher Baynard, Gretchen Bielmyer-Fraser, Dale Casamatta, Charles Closmann, Nisse Goldberg, Ashley Johnson, Scott Jones, William Penwell, Radha Pyati, Adam Rosenblatt

State of the River Report

No abstract provided.

Are Biodiverse Communities More Resistant To Invasion? A Case Study With Marine Fouling Communities, Taylor Robert Bruntil

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The theory of biotic resistance predicts that more diverse communities should be less susceptible to invasion by novel species, but given the opposing results of multiple observational and experimental studies in marine systems, it is unclear how changes in environmental conditions can affect invasion success in communities that differ in diversity. I used marine fouling communities to test how the diversity of the species present in an initial community (hereafter termed “resident species”) affected the establishment and growth of all species not present in the initial communities (hereafter termed “novel species”) at two locations at the Eureka Public Marina, in …

Multi-Chamber Silencer Composed Of Screw-Perforated Tubes And Straight-Perforated Tubes, Tian-Syung Lan, Min-Chie Chiu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The use of silencers to reduce noise is mandatory due to severe hearing damage caused by high venting noise in the engine room of ocean-going vessels. While straight and perforated tubes have been used as acoustical elements in traditional silencer design, studies have shown that the acoustical design still requires improvement. To enhance acoustical efficiency, the use of multi-chamber mufflers is proposed composed of screw and perforated tubes. Additionally, a mathematical finite element model built for acoustical simulation using the COMSOL program expedites the analysis of silencers with complicated acoustical elements. A sensitivity analysis of transmission loss concerning the geometric …

Rapid Species Identification Of Meretrix Lusoria And Three Other Meretrix Clams Using Pcr And Rflp Analysis Of The Mitochondrial Coii Gene., Chia-Hsuan Sung, Liang-Jong Wang, Chang-Wen Huang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Meretrix clams are among the most economically important species of bivalves in Eastern Asia and Taiwan. In the past, the identification of these hard clams depended on the shell morphology; however, species identification based on shell markings and shapes confuses the taxonomy of the Meretrix genus. The DNA molecular information is useful and can easily identify them accurately and quickly, especially the sequence of mitochondrial DNA. In this study, a PCR method to analyze the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase II (COII) gene was developed to rapidly identify of M. lusoria, M. lamarckii, M. lyrata and M. petechialis. Four different species …

Bearing Capacity Factor Characteristics Of Footings On Double-Layered Cohesive Soils, Chao-Ming Chi, Zheng-Shan Lin, Yu-Shu Kuo

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In this study, the bearing capacity of a surface foundation resting on a double-layered cohesive soil profile was investigated by applying a rotational mechanism and finite-difference numerical simulations. The bearing capacity factor behaviors of a surface footing on double-layered cohesive soils can be classified and illustrated using a characteristic chart. Depending on the soil strata strength ratio and normalized layer thickness, the soil-foundation system can be in the squeezing, factor-increasing, factor-decreasing, or constant factor zones. The results indicated that the trend of the curves in the characteristic chart computed from the asymmetric failure mechanism was in accordance with that of …

Research On Ice Resistance Of Ships Sailing In Floating Ice Floe, Zhixin Xiong, Xinyuan Wu, Yang Li

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

To study the ice resistance of ships in areas with floating ice, the Xuelong 2 icebreaker was simulated. A floating-ice model was established using the discrete-element method, and an ice particle array was generated using MATLAB. The effects of ice coverage and speed on ice drag were studied From the numerical simulation results, it can be seen that there is a certain trend in ice resistance under different ice coverage ranges, which changes with the change of speed.By comparing with the empirical formula and the numerical value of the ship model test, this numerical simulation results are relatively accurate.It also …

The Pre-Processing Of Wt Blade Images By Ss And Bilateral Filter With Machine Learning Frameworks, Joy Iong-Zong Chen, Chien-Yeh Lee, Wien-Chieh Lo

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper discusses the motivation behind turbine migration and addresses the challenges of using NN (neural network) computing systems. Moreover, it focuses on high-dimensional data from WT (wind turbine) blades. The three key aspects addressed in this study are turbine migration, overfitting, and strict feature selection. To evaluate the performance of the machine learning system, the study considers the characteristics of WT blades, specifically the similarity in blade color and the differences in shape. The authors apply pre-processing techniques, in particular a bilateral filter, in conjunction with the SS (selective synthesizer) of blade fouling patterns. The SS method adopts the …

Corals At The Edge Of Environmental Limits: A New Conceptual Framework To Re-Define Marginal And Extreme Coral Communities, Verena Schoepf, Justin H. Baumann, Daniel J. Barshis, Nicola K. Browne, Emma F. Camp, Steeve Comeau, Christopher E. Cornwall, Héctor M. Guzmán, Bernhard Riegl, Riccardo Rodolfo-Metalpa, Brigitte Sommer

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The worldwide decline of coral reefs has renewed interest in coral communities at the edge of environmental limits because they have the potential to serve as resilience hotspots and climate change refugia, and can provide insights into how coral reefs might function in future ocean conditions. These coral communities are often referred to as marginal or extreme but few definitions exist and usage of these terms has therefore been inconsistent. This creates significant challenges for categorising these often poorly studied communities and synthesising data across locations. Furthermore, this impedes our understanding of how coral communities can persist at the edge …

A Multi-Taxon Analysis Of European Red Lists Reveal Major Threats To Biodiversity, Axel Hochkirch, Melanie Bilz, Catarina C. Ferreira, Anja Danielczak, David Allen, Ana Nieto, Carlo Rondinini, Kate Harding, Craig Hilton-Taylor, Caroline M. Pollock, Mary Seddon, Jean-Christophe Vié, Keith N. A. Alexander, Emily Beech, Manuel Biscoito, Yoan Braud, Ian J. Burfield, Filippo Maria Buzzetti, Marta Cálix, Kent E. Carpenter, Ning Labbish Chao, Dragan Chobanov, Maarten J. M. Christenhusz, Bruce B. Collette, Mia T. Comeros-Raynal, Neil Cox, Matthew Craig, Annabelle Cuttelod, William R. T. Darwall, Benoit Dodelin, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Eve Englefield, Michael F. Fay, Nicholas Fettes, Jörg Freyhof, Silvia García, Mariana García Criado, Michael Harvey, Nick Hodgetts, Christina Ieronymidou, Vincent J. Kalkman, Shelagh P. Kell, James Kemp, Sonia Khela, Richard V. Lansdown, Julia M. Lawson, Danna J. Leaman, Joana Magos Brehm, Nigel Maxted, Rebecca M. Miller, Eike Neubert, Baudewijn Odé, David Pollard, Riley Pollom, Rob Pople, Juan José Presa Asensio, Gina M. Ralph, Hassan Rankou, Malin Rivers, Stuart P. M. Roberts, Barry Russell, Alexander Sennikov, Fabien Soldati, Anna Staneva, Emilie Stump, Andy Symes, Dmitry Telnov, Helen Temple, Andrew Terry, Anastasiya Timoshyna, Chris Van Swaay, Henry Väre, Rachel H. L. Walls, Luc Willemse, Brett Wilson, Jemma Window, Emma G. E. Wright, Thomas Zuna-Kratky

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Biodiversity loss is a major global challenge and minimizing extinction rates is the goal of several multilateral environmental agreements. Policy decisions require comprehensive, spatially explicit information on species’ distributions and threats. We present an analysis of the conservation status of 14,669 European terrestrial, freshwater and marine species (ca. 10% of the continental fauna and flora), including all vertebrates and selected groups of invertebrates and plants. Our results reveal that 19% of European species are threatened with extinction, with higher extinction risks for plants (27%) and invertebrates (24%) compared to vertebrates (18%). These numbers exceed recent IPBES (Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity …