Characterization Of Tcl1-Tg:P53-/- Mice That Resemble Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia With 17p-Deletion,
2013
The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston
Characterization Of Tcl1-Tg:P53-/- Mice That Resemble Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia With 17p-Deletion, Jinyun Liu
Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common adult leukemia in the United Statesand Europe. CLL patients with deletion of chromosome 17p, where the tumor suppressor p53 gene is located, often develop a more aggressive disease with poor clinical outcomes. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In order to understand the underneath mechanism in vivo, I have recently generated mice with Eu-TCL1-Tg:p53-/- genotype and showed that these mice develop aggressive leukemia that resembles human CLL with 17p deletion. The Eu-TCL1-Tg:p53-/- mice developed CLL disease at 3-4 months, …
Inflammatory Findings On Species Extrapolations: Humans Are Definitely No 70-Kg Mice,
2013
University of Konstanz
Inflammatory Findings On Species Extrapolations: Humans Are Definitely No 70-Kg Mice, Marcel Leist, Thomas Hartung
Validation of Alternative Methods Collection
Modern toxicology has embraced in vitro methods, and major hopes are based on the Omics technologies and systems biology approaches they bring along (Hartung and McBride in ALTEX 28(2):83–93, 2011; Hartung et al. in ALTEX 29(2):119–28, 2012). A culture of stringent validation has been developed for such approaches (Leist et al. in ALTEX 27(4):309–317, 2010; ALTEX 29(4):373–88, 2012a; Toxicol Res 1:8–22, 2012b), while the quality and usefulness of animal experiments have been little scrutinized. A new study (Seok et al. 2013) now shows the low predictivity of animal responses in the field of inflammation. These findings corroborate earlier findings from …
The Problem Of Too Many Statistical Tests: Subgroup Analyses In A Study Comparing The Effectiveness Of Online And Live Lectures,
2013
Rice University
The Problem Of Too Many Statistical Tests: Subgroup Analyses In A Study Comparing The Effectiveness Of Online And Live Lectures, David M. Lane
Numeracy
The more statistical analyses performed in the analysis of research data, the more likely it is that one or more of the conclusions will be in error. Multiple statistical analyses can occur when the sample contains several subgroups and the researchers perform separate analyses for each subgroup. For example, separate analyses may be done for different ethnic groups, different levels of education, and/or for both genders. Media reports of research frequently omit information on the number of subgroup analyses performed thus leaving the reader with insufficient information to assess the validity of the conclusions. This article discusses the problems with …
Enhancing Communication Between Scientists, Government Officials, And The Lay Public: Advancing Science And Protecting The Public's Welfare Through Better Multi-Stakeholder Interfacing,
2013
University of Maryland Center for Health and Homeland Security
Enhancing Communication Between Scientists, Government Officials, And The Lay Public: Advancing Science And Protecting The Public's Welfare Through Better Multi-Stakeholder Interfacing, Clark J. Lee, Patrick P. Rose, Earl Stoddard Iii
Homeland Security Publications
No abstract provided.
Generation And Characterization Of Peptide Fusion Proteins,
2013
Rowan University
Generation And Characterization Of Peptide Fusion Proteins, Brianna L. Probasco
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations
Pathogenic Th17 cells drive progression of many autoimmune diseases. Th17 cells develop from naïve T cells in the immune system after antigen-driven stimulation in a specific cytokine environment. Normally, T cells act to fight off infection, but when not properly controlled, they can cause disease. The cytokine interleukin-23 (IL-23) plays an essential role in the expansion of pathogenic Th17 cells. IL-23 is a heterodimeric protein, composed of a p19 alpha chain and a p40 beta chain. The p40 is also part of IL-12 and binds to the IL-12 receptor beta 1 (IL-12Rβ1) subunit. Thus, it follows that the IL-23 receptor …
Humane Society International’S Global Campaign To End Animal Testing,
2013
Humane Society International
Humane Society International’S Global Campaign To End Animal Testing, Troy Seidle
Experimentation Collection
The Research & Toxicology Department of Humane Society International (HSI) operates a multifaceted and science-driven global programme aimed at ending the use of animals in toxicity testing and research. The key strategic objectives include: a) ending cosmetics animal testing worldwide, via the multinational Be Cruelty-Free campaign; b) achieving near-term reductions in animal testing requirements through revision of product sector regulations; and c) advancing humane science by exposing failing animal models of human disease and shifting science funding toward human biology-based research and testing tools fit for the 21st century. HSI was instrumental in ensuring the implementation of the March 2013 …
A Vision Becoming Reality,
2013
Animal Studies Repository
A Vision Becoming Reality, Gill Langley
Laboratory Experiments Collection
Non-animal science in toxicology and health research has been progressing for decades, but only now is it being seen widely as advanced science. The emergence of novel human biology-based tools and models, combined with legislative and regulatory change, a 21st century concept for toxicology, continuing failures in the drug pipeline, and systematic critiques of animal models, have created a pivotal moment of change. The leading edge is starting to become the norm. Humans and other animals are likely to benefit as a result.
Food For Thought … Mechanistic Validation,
2013
Johns Hopkins University
Food For Thought … Mechanistic Validation, Thomas Hartung, Sebastian Hoffman, Martin Stephens
Experimentation Collection
Validation of new approaches in regulatory toxicology is commonly defined as the independent assessment of the reproducibility and relevance (the scientific basis and predictive capacity) of a test for a particular purpose. In large ring trials, the emphasis to date has been mainly on reproducibility and predictive capacity (comparison to the traditional test) with less attention given to the scientific or mechanistic basis. Assessing predictive capacity is difficult for novel approaches (which are based on mechanism), such as pathways of toxicity or the complex networks within the organism (systems toxicology). This is highly relevant for implementing Toxicology for the 21st …
History Of The 3rs In Toxicity Testing: From Russell And Burch To 21st Century Toxicology,
2013
Johns Hopkins University
History Of The 3rs In Toxicity Testing: From Russell And Burch To 21st Century Toxicology, Martin L. Stephens, Nina S. Mak
Humane Science Movement Collection
Toxicity testing is a key part of the process of assessing the hazards, safety, or risk that chemicals and other substances pose to humans, animals, or the environment. Standardized methods for such testing, typically involving animals, began to emerge during the first half of the 20th century. In 1959, British scientists William Russell and Rex Burch proposed a framework for reducing, refining, or replacing animal use in toxicology and other forms of biomedical experimentation. This “3Rs” or “alternatives” approach emerged at a time of growing sensitivity to the use of animals in experimentation, and progress in its implementation has been …
White Bass Assessment In Regards To Changes In Water Level On Lake Traverse,
2013
Bemidji State University
White Bass Assessment In Regards To Changes In Water Level On Lake Traverse, Aaron Wilson
Journal of Earth and Life Science
Until recently the white bass Morone chrysops has been somewhat ignored by anglers, more so in Minnesota than other states; most likely due to their limited distribution throughout the state. However, with more anglers becoming aware of the sporting and culinary potentials of white bass, interests have risen. With this rise in angler interest, there should be a rise in white bass assessments. Knowing what factors may be influencing white bass population dynamics will allow fisheries professionals to better manage and protect white bass fisheries. White bass are often found in rivers and impoundments were dams are present and water …
The Effect Of Visual Wulst Lesions And Trigeminal Nerve Sectioning On The Discrimination Of Magnetic Inclination In The Homing Pigeon (Columba Livia),
2013
Bowling Green State University
The Effect Of Visual Wulst Lesions And Trigeminal Nerve Sectioning On The Discrimination Of Magnetic Inclination In The Homing Pigeon (Columba Livia), Merissa Acerbi
Honors Projects
The ability of homing pigeons to return to their loft from unknown places has fascinated scientists for centuries. It is well established that homing pigeons, like migratory birds, posses an innate magnetic inclination compass to determine direction by measuring the angle between the magnetic field vector and the Earth's surface. Recent work has indicated that the avian magnetic compass is light mediated and appears to mediate magnetic information to the brain. This occurs via a visual pathway with processing in the visual Wulst area of the forebrain. There is, however, also evidence from other avian species that magnetic direction may …
Brown Trout Spawning Location And Relationship To Suitable Winter Habitat,
2013
Bemidji State University
Brown Trout Spawning Location And Relationship To Suitable Winter Habitat, Matthew L. Skoog
Journal of Earth and Life Science
Brown trout are a popular game fish throughout much of the world. Understanding habitat requirements is necessary for the successful management of brown trout. This study looks at the spawning habitat preferences and relationship of redd location to wintering habitat of brown trout in the Straight River, Minnesota. Brown trout in the Straight River were found to spawn in similar habitat to brown trout looked at in previous literature. All redds were located on gravel substrate. Seventy eight percent of redds were associated with some sort of cover. Water velocities at the redd sites. (mean=0.456 ms/cm), dissolved oxygen (mean=9.78 mg/L), …
Comparison Of A Length Size Limit Of Northern Pike Population On Two Lakes In North Central Minnesota,
2013
Bemidji State University
Comparison Of A Length Size Limit Of Northern Pike Population On Two Lakes In North Central Minnesota, Ethan A. Puttonen
Journal of Earth and Life Science
Fisheries managers use length size limits on northern pike (Esox lucis) to improve the size structure in select lakes. The objective of this study was to compare two similar lakes, one with a length size limit and one without, to determine if a length size limit is improving the northern pike size structure. Blueberry Lake showed a higher abundance of larger fish than Stocking Lake. Of the fish caught, 25% in Blueberry Lake were over 600 mm (24 in), and were in the protected slot. Stocking Lake had a smaller portion of fish of this size with only …
Biology Department Newsletter, No. 3,
2013
Sacred Heart University
Biology Department Newsletter, No. 3, Sacred Heart University
Biology Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Diagnosis Of Schistosoma Mansoni Without The Stool: Comparison Of Three Diagnostic Tests To Detect Schiostosoma Mansoni Infection From Filtered Urine In Zambia,
2013
Marquette University
Diagnosis Of Schistosoma Mansoni Without The Stool: Comparison Of Three Diagnostic Tests To Detect Schiostosoma Mansoni Infection From Filtered Urine In Zambia, Nilanjan Lodh, James C. L. Mwansa, Mabel M. Mutengo, Clive J. Shiff
Clinical Lab Sciences Faculty Research and Publications
Diagnosis for intestinal Schistosoma mansoni lacks sensitivity and is arduous to conduct. The standard diagnostic tests, Kato-Katz (KK) and circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) both lack sensitivity and with KK, require obtaining, transporting, and examining fresh stool. We compared diagnostic efficacy of KK, CCA, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect S. mansoni infection (species-specific DNA) from 89 filtered urine samples collected in Zambia. The PCR was the strongest indicator of positive cases with sensitivity and specificity of 100% in comparison to CCA (67% and 60%) and KK (50% and 100%). High positive and negative predictive values (100%) were also indicative …
Filtering Efficiency And Feeding Mechanisms Of Daphnia Pulex On Microcystis Aeruginosa And Nannochloropsis,
2012
University of New Hampshire - Main Campus
Filtering Efficiency And Feeding Mechanisms Of Daphnia Pulex On Microcystis Aeruginosa And Nannochloropsis, Elizabeth Orlowicz
Honors Theses and Capstones
The filtering and feeding rate of Daphnia pulex from the Old Durham Reservoir, Durham, NH, were measured to determine the feeding efficiency on different concentrations of non-toxic Nannochloropsis (Class Eustigmatophyceae) and toxigenic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. Direct observations of thoracic appendage beats and post-abdominal rejections were also measured at 5*105 and 106 cells mL-1 concentrations of Nannochloropsis and M. aeruginosa to examine the feeding mechanisms of the D. pulex. In the presence of increasing Nannochloropsis concentrations, the filtering rates decreased and the feeding rates increased. When exposed to M. aeruginosa, both the filtering and feeding …
Brief Embryonic Strychnine Exposure In Zebrafish Causes Long-Term Adult Behavioral Impairment With Indications Of Embyronic Synaptic Changes,
2012
Sacred Heart University
Brief Embryonic Strychnine Exposure In Zebrafish Causes Long-Term Adult Behavioral Impairment With Indications Of Embyronic Synaptic Changes, Nicole M. Roy, Brianna Arpie, Joseph Lugo, Elwood Linney, Edward D. Levin, Daniel Cerutti
Biology Faculty Publications
Zebrafish provide a powerful model of the impacts of embryonic toxicant exposure on neural development that may result in long-term behavioral dysfunction. In this study, zebrafish embryos were treated with 1.5mM strychnine for short embryonic time windows to induce transient changes in inhibitory neural signaling, and were subsequently raised in untreated water until adulthood. PCR analysis showed indications that strychnine exposure altered expression of some genes related to glycinergic, GABAergic and glutamatergic neuronal synapses during embryonic development. In adulthood, treated fish showed significant changes in swimming speed and tank diving behavior compared to controls. Taken together, these data show that …
Light Scattering Study Of Elongated Particles: From Inorganic Nanorice To Polypeptide Micelles,
2012
Cleveland State University
Light Scattering Study Of Elongated Particles: From Inorganic Nanorice To Polypeptide Micelles, Philip Dee
Undergraduate Research Posters 2012
Utilizing the powerful experimental technique of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) for size characterization of anisotropic particles can be extremely misleading. Unfortunately, this point is often not realized by researchers who strive for particle sizing of nanoparticles in suspensions. We present a consistent analysis of DDLS results on FeOOH nanorice and outline the potential difficulties and challenges of DDLS application for polypeptide micelles.
A Genetic Survey Of English Sole Populations In The Salish Sea,
2012
California State University - East Bay
A Genetic Survey Of English Sole Populations In The Salish Sea, Elizabeth S. Gutierrez, Gary A. Winans, Jon Baker, Amanda Cope
STAR Program Research Presentations
This summer I interned at the Northwest Fisheries Science Center in Seattle, WA and participated in NOAA’s Salish Sea Project. The Salish Sea Project’s goal is to identify genetically distinctive groups of species in the Salish Sea that may have unique evolutionary and/or adaptive backgrounds. These findings will allow NOAA to promote and monitor the natural production of species in the Salish Sea, to select representative populations for experimental work regarding pollution, ocean acidification and climate change, to contribute to managing the ecosystem for intra- and inter-species diversity, and to help make informed decisions about adaptive management and marine protected …
Analyzing Environmental Microbes For Genomic Regions Promoting Ionic Liquid Tolerance In E. Coli,
2012
California State University - East Bay, San Jose High School
Analyzing Environmental Microbes For Genomic Regions Promoting Ionic Liquid Tolerance In E. Coli, Ann Nguyen, Alison Richins, Thomas Rüegg, Steven Singer, Michael Thelen
STAR Program Research Presentations
Ionic liquids (ILs) are promising as solvents to increase the efficiency of biofuel production; however, ILs are toxic to microbes used in the fermentation of liquid fuels. To engineer IL resistant biofuel hosts, environmental bacteria were screened for tolerance, and these were used to create gene libraries to test in E. coli. Future characterization of these libraries using molecular techniques will be used to identify genes that contribute IL-tolerance to transformed microbes.
