Entomology Commons^™

Biology Department Newsletter, No.1, Sacred Heart University

Biology Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Nebline, January 2011

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Tightening Your Belt in Tough Times

Farm Views

Horticulture

Food & Fitness

Home & Family Living

Environmental Focus

Urban Agriculture

4-H & Youth

Community Focus

Extension Calendar

Nutrition Education Program

Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs

and other extension news and events

Annual Report Special Pullout Section

Sex Pheromone Composition And Reproductive Isolation In Two Busseola Species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) In Kenya, A. E. Félix, P. A. Calatayud, B. Le Ru, J. F. Silvain, B. Frérot

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Closely related species provide an interesting and useful model to understand mate communication diversification. Pre-mating isolation is the result of selection processes and is achieved by utilization of different sex pheromones, but also by different ecological and life traits such as geographic distribution, host-plant specialization and allochrony of sexual behavior. Here, we report sex pheromone identifications and pre-mating isolation of two closely related species of stemborers: Busseola segeta and the yet undescribed Busseola nov. sp., developing on different host-plants and in different geographical locations in Kenya. GC-MS analyses showed that the two species produced the same pheromone components, but in …

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Wolbachia And Its Interaction In Host Mosquitoes, Eunho Suh

Theses and Dissertations--Entomology

Wolbachia are maternally inherited, obligate, intracellular bacteria inducing a form of sterility known as cytoplasmic incompatibility. Wolbachia based strategies have been proposed for the control of disease vectors. One example is to use a population replacement strategy to drive into natural population a novel Wolbachia that modifies the age structure of a vector population, reducing disease transmission.

In this research, the effects of a life-shortening stain of Wolbachia (popcorn Wolbachia) are transferred into the mosquitoes Aedes albopictus (Chapter Two and Three) and A. aegypti (Chapter Four and Five). In Chapter Two, the Wolbachia symbiosis significantly reduced fecundity and …

The Flight Activity Of Prostephanus Truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) And Teretrius Nigrescens Lewis (Coleoptera: Histeridae) In Kenya, Bonaventure Aman Omondi, Nanqing Jiang, Johnnie Van Den Berg, Fritz Schulthess

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The invasive storage pest, the larger grain borer (LGB) Prostephanus truncatus (Horn), was introduced into the maize-deficit, semi-arid areas of the eastern region in Kenya in the early 1980s. In spite of containment efforts and the introduction of the predator Teretrius nigrescens Lewis from Mexico, LGB has spread to the main maize production zone in western Kenya during the past five years. The present work presents results from a 28-month monitoring effort of LGB and its predator, using pheromone traps at five locations along an east-west transect across Kenya. LGB occurred in all regions with highest trap catches in the …

Phenology Of Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae In Round Bale Hay Feeding Sites In Eastern Nebraska, David B. Taylor, Dennis R. Berkebile

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The temporal and spatial patterns of adult stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), emergence from six sites where large round baled hay had been provided to pasture cattle as winter feed were studied using emergence traps. The substrate at these sites, consisting of waste hay mixed with bovine manure and urine, provided an excellent developmental habitat for immature stable flies. Stable flies were the most frequently collected fly emerging from these sites with a yearly average of 1,581 emerging per square meter. Stable fly emergence from these sites began in early May (235 annual accumulated Day-Degree 10°C [DD₁₀]), peaked …

Dose–Response Relationships Of Clothianidin, Imidacloprid, And Thiamethoxam To Blissus Occiduus (Hemiptera: Blissidae), M. D. Stamm, Frederick P. Baxendale, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Blair D. Siegfried, Erin E. Blankenship, Roch E. Gaussoin

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The western chinch bug, Blissus occiduus Barber (Hemiptera: Blissidae), has emerged as a serious pest of buffalograss, Buchloë dactyloides (Nuttall) Engelmann. In general, neonicotinoid insecticides effectively control a variety of turfgrass insects, particularly phloem-feeding pests. However, because of well documented inconsistencies in control, these compounds are generally not recommended for chinch bugs. This study was designed to document the contact and systemic toxicity of three neonicotinoid insecticides (clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam) to B. occiduus. In contact bioassays, thiamethoxam was ~20-fold less toxic than clothianidin or imidacloprid to B. occiduus nymphs and three-fold more toxic to adults. In adult systemic …

Genetic Variation And Inheritance Of Diapause Induction In Two Distinct Voltine Ecotypes Of Ostrinia Nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Cengis Ikten, Steven R. Skoda, Thomas E. Hunt, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), displays a larval diapause in response to short photoperiods and is adapted to a variety of local conditions throughout North America. Hence, the effective photoperiod inducing larval diapause will differ among geographic ecotypes. This study considers the inheritance of photoperiodic larval diapause induction by hybridization and backcrossing two latitudinally distinct ecotypes of the European corn borer collected between 41° N, 96° W and 48° N, 96° W and under a range of photoperiods representative of their respective locations: from 14:10 to 16:8 (L:D) h. The ecotype adapted to a bivoltine habitat (southeastern …

Field Introgression Of Diabrotica Barberi And Diabrotica Longicornis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Based On Genetic And Morphological Characters, Laura A. Campbell, Thomas L. Clark, Pete L. Clark, Lance Meinke, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Diabrotica barberi Smith & Lawrence and Diabrotica longicornis (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) are considered to be sister species, and it has been proposed that the two species may hybridize under field conditions. The objective of this study was to examine genetic and morphological characters of D. barberi and D. longicornis for evidence of field introgression. Both species were collected from sympatric and allopatric areas. Amplified fragment length polymorphisms and morphological characters (color and head capsule width) were used to examine variation within and among populations of D. barberi and D. longicornis. Relatively little of the overall …

Evaluation Of Buffalograss Leaf Pubescence And Its Effect On Resistance To Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Jennifer M. Johnson-Cicalese, Frederick P. Baxendale, Terrance P. Riordan, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Lisa Baird

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Considerable progress has been made in improving the turfgrass characteristics of buffalograss, Buchloë dactyloides (Nutt) Engelm, a native North American grass species with low maintenance requirements (Riordan et al., 1993). Two mealybugs, Tridiscus sporoboli (Cockerell) and Trionymus sp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) have emerged as buffalograss pests (Baxendale et al., 1994). Mealybugs have been associated with buffalograss stands throughout Nebraska (Baxendale et al., 1994), as well as in Texas and Arizona. Unfortunately, the Pseudococcidae are poorly described and species identification requires extensive specimen preparation (Ferris, 1950, 1953). Buffalograss mealybugs have an oblong, pale purple-grey, membranous body, ranging in length from 0.2 …

Contact And Fumigant Toxicity Of A Botanical-Based Feeding Deterrent Of The Stable Fly, Stomoxys Calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae), Junwei J. Zhu, Andrew Y. Li, Sara Pritchard, Khanobporn Tangtrakulwanich, Frederick P. Baxendale, Gary Brewer

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), has been considered one of the most serious biting flies of confined and pastured livestock. The economic losses caused by the stable fly to the cattle industry in the United States exceed $2 billion annually. Current practices for managing stable flies using insecticides provide only marginal control. Insecticide resistance has also been recently reported in stable flies. The present study reports the use of plant-based insecticides, for example, essential oils, as alternatives for managing this fly pest. The toxicity of several plant essential oils and selected ingredient compounds was evaluated by contact and fumigant …

A Single Major Qtl Controls Expression Of Larval Cry1f Resistance Trait In Ostrinia Nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) And Is Independent Of Midgut Receptor Genes, Brad S. Coates, Douglas V. Sumerford, Miriam D. Lopez, Haichuan Wang, Lisa M. Fraser, Jeremy A. Kroemer, Terrence Spencer, Kyung S. Kim, Craig A. Abel, Richard L. Hellmich, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is an introduced crop pest in North America that causes major damage to corn and reduces yield of food, feed, and biofuel materials. The Cry1F toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) expressed in transgenic hybrid corn is highly toxic to O. nubilalis larvae and effective in minimizing feeding damage. A laboratory colony of O. nubilalis was selected for high levels of Cry1F resistance ([12,000-fold compared to susceptible larvae) and is capable of survival on transgenic hybrid corn. Genetic linkage maps with segregating AFLP markers show that the Cry1F resistance trait is controlled by …

New Distributional Records Of Ants In Arkansas For 2009 And 2010 With Comments On Previous Records, D. M. General, L. C. Thompson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Twenty Three True Bug State Records For Arkansas, With Two For Ohio, U.S.A., S. W. Chordas Iii, R. Tumlison, H. W. Robison, J. Kremers

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Advanced Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer (Eoreuma Loftini) In Sugarcane, Blake Emerson Wilson

LSU Master's Theses

Insecticide, greenhouse and varietal resistance experiments were conducted in Texas to develop management tactics for the Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), sugarcane. A 3-treatment, large plot aerial application study was set up in 5 commercial sugarcane fields (35-84 acres) to evaluate the utilization of pheromone traps to improve chemical control strategies for E. loftini during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. A threshold of 20-25 moths/trap/wk was used as an indicator to initiate monitoring for E. loftini larval infestations. Larval infestations were directly related to the no. of moths/trap/wk (R2=0.71). Reductions in borer injury and adult emergence (60% and 40% …

Ecology And Chemical Ecology Of Plant-Insect Interactions In Rice: Implications For Pest Management, Jason Charles Hamm

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Induced resistance to the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, was assessed in greenhouse and field experiments. The fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda, and an elicitor, jasmonic acid, were used to induce resistance. The effect of these treatments on rice resistance to oviposition varied between cultivar used, but significantly fewer larvae were found on plants exposed to S. frugiperda and jasmonic acid on both cultivars tested. Application of jasmonic acid significantly reduced the number of L. oryzophilus larvae per plant, and represents the first example of elicitor-induced resistance in rice in field experiments. Oviposition by the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis, induced resistance to …

Characterization Of The Subcortical Interactions Between Larvae Of The Southern Pine Sawyer Monochamus Titillator (F.) And The Larvae Of The Southern Pine Beetle Guild Using Molecular Gut Analyses, Erich N. Schoeller

LSU Master's Theses

The southern pine beetle guild (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is arguably the most destructive group of forest pests in the Southeastern United States. Laboratory assays suggest that larvae of wood borer associates from the genus Monochamus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) may be facultative intraguild predators of southern pine beetle guild. In this study the dynamics of the subcortical interactions between M. titillator (F.) and members of the southern pine beetle guild were examined using PCR-based molecular gut content analyses. Species-specific PCR primer sets were developed to work under multiplex PCR conditions to detect DNA of members of southern pine beetle guild in the …

Role Of Substrate Moisture, Relative Humidity And Temperature On Survival And Foraging Behavior Of Formosan Subterranean Termites, Bal Krishna Gautam

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The Formosan subterranean termite is an important structural pest in the southern United States, especially Louisiana. Baiting systems and spot treatment with non-repellent delayed action termiticides are among the most eco-friendly control approaches. However, to achieve a desired success from these approaches requires a sophisticated knowledge of foraging behavior and food transfer system of these social insects. Moisture and temperature play a vital role in influencing the foraging behavior of these desiccation prone insects. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to understand the subtleties of foraging behavior of Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki in relation to moisture, relative humidity and temperature. …

Redbanded Stink Bug, Piezodorus Guildinii (Westwood): Pest Status, Control Strategies, And Management In Louisiana Soybean, Joshua H. Temple

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The redbanded stink bug, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood), was identified as a pest of Louisiana soybean during 2000. Currently, this species has become established throughout Louisiana and into the soybean production regions of bordering states. Seasonal abundance, patterns of oviposition, and population dynamics of this species were surveyed in soybean during 2008-10. The redbanded stink bug comprised the largest percentage (54%) of the total stink bug complex collected at five survey sites followed by the southern green (27%), Nezara viridula L. and brown (7%) stink bugs, Euschistus servus L. Peak oviposition occurred during the (R5) soybean growth stage. Most (80%) egg …