Entomology Commons^™

Assessing Insecticide Hazard To Bumble Bees Foraging On Flowering Weeds In Treated Lawns, Jonathan L. Larson, Carl T. Redmond, Daniel A. Potter

Entomology Faculty Publications

Maintaining bee-friendly habitats in cities and suburbs can help conserve the vital pollination services of declining bee populations. Despite label precautions not to apply them to blooming plants, neonicotinoids and other residual systemic insecticides may be applied for preventive control of lawn insect pests when spring-flowering weeds are present. Dietary exposure to neonicotinoids adversely affects bees, but the extent of hazard from field usage is controversial. We exposed colonies of the bumble bee Bombus impatiens to turf with blooming white clover that had been treated with clothianidin, a neonicotinoid, or with chlorantraniliprole, the first anthranilic diamide labeled for use on …

Ectoparasites Of The Virginia Opossum (Didelphis Virginiana), Raccoon (Procyon Lotor), And Striped Skunk (Mephitis Mephitis) From Keith County, Nebraska, Lance A. Durden, Dennis J. Richardson

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Six Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana), nine raccoons (Procyon lotor) and one striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) collected from Keith County Nebraska were examined for ectoparasites. All three host species were parasitized by adults of the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis. Opossums were also parasitized by the flea Pulex simulans and the tiny fur mite Didelphilichus serri­fer; the latter species represents a new state record for Nebraska. Raccoons were also parasitized by P. simulans and by the lago­morph-associated flea Euhoplopsyllus glacialis affinis, whereas the skunk was also parasitized by the chewing louse Neotrichodectes …

Juvenile Hormone And Insulin Regulate Trehalose Homeostasis In The Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium Castaneum, Jingjing Xu, Zhentao Sheng, Subba R. Palli

Entomology Faculty Publications

Insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) has been well studied for its role in the control of life span extension and resistance to a variety of stresses. The Drosophila melanogaster insulin-like receptor (InR) mutant showed extended life span due to reduced juvenile hormone (JH) levels. However, little is known about the mechanism of cross talk between IIS and JH in regulation of life span extension and resistance to starvation. In the current study, we investigated the role of IIS and JH signaling in regulation of resistance to starvation. Reduction in JH biosynthesis, JH action, or insulin-like peptide 2 (ILP2) syntheses by RNA interference …

Preharvest Quarantine Treatments Of Chlorantraniliprole, Clothianidin, And Imidacloprid-Based Insecticides For Control Of Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) And Other Scarab Larvae In The Root Zone Of Field-Grown Nursery Trees, Jason B. Oliver, Christopher M. Ranger, Michael E. Reding, James J. Moyseenko, Nadeer N. Youssef, Alicia M. Bray

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is an important quarantine pest of nurseries. Nursery plant movement from P. japonica-infested regions is regulated by the U.S. Domestic Japanese Beetle Harmonization Plan (DJHP), which classifies states by risk categories. Treatments for category 2 states include preharvest soil surface treatment of nursery plants grown in field soil using Discus SC, Marathon (1G or 60 WP), or Flagship (0.22G or 25 WG). In this study, Discus, Marathon 60 WP, or Flagship 0.22G DJHP standards were compared with labeled rates of non–DJHP-approved insecticides, including neonicotinoids clothianidin (Arena 50WDG), generic imidacloprid (Quali-Pro Imidacloprid 2 F …

Comparing Effects Of Insecticides On Two Green Lacewings Species, Chrysoperla Johnsoni And Chrysoperla Carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), K. G. Amarasekare, P. W. Shearer

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

This study compared lethal and sublethal effects of five insecticides, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, spinetoram, novaluron, and lambda-cyhalothrin, on adult and second instars of two green lacewing species, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) and Chrysoperla johnsoni Henry, Wells and Pupedis (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) in the laboratory. Formulated pesticides were tested using concentrations equivalent to the high label rate dissolved in 378.5 liters of water. Novaluron and lambda-cyhalothrin were toxic to larvae and no treated larvae survived to the adult stage. Larva to adult survival was reduced in chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, and spinetoram treatments. Larva to adult developmental time and sex ratio were not different among the …

Nebline, June 2013

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Smart Family Finances

Farm Views

Urban Agriculture

Food & Fitness

Home & Family Living

Horticulture

Environmental Focus

4-H & Youth

Community Focus

Extension Calendar

Nutrition Education Program

Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs

and other extension news and events

Overwintering In New Zealand Stick Insects, Alice B. Dennis, Luke T. Dunning, Christopher J. Dennis, Brent J. Sinclair, Thomas R. Buckley

Biology Publications

Stick insects are found in a variety of habitats throughout New Zealand, including at least four species that occur at high altitudes. Here they face physiological challenges that differ from their typically warmer lowland habitats, but their strategies to deal with harsh winter conditions are not known. Autumn and winter field surveys, coupled with caging experiments, were conducted to determine which life stages are overwintering in montane and lowland habitats. Data loggers were placed for approximately one year at each site to measure the leaf litter and canopy microhabitat temperatures. From this, we have found that alpine and lowland stick …

Occurrence Of Entomopathogenic Fungi And Parasitic Nematodes On Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae Collected In Central Chiapas, México, Ramiro E. Ruiz-Najera, Ramiro E. Ruiz-Estudillo, Juan M. Sanchez-Yanex, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, S. R. Skoda, Roberto Coutino-Ruiz, Rene Pinto-Ruiz, Francisco Guevara-Hernandez, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Fall armyworm larvae (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) were collected from whorl-stage corn, Zea mays (L.), between the V₂ and V₄ stages, in 22 localities of Central, Chiapas, México, called “La Frailesca” during late Jun 2009 to determine the occurrence of native entomopathogens and parasitic nematodes, and to determine the most parasitized instars. A total of 1,247 larvae were examined in search of native biological control agents. Overall total larval mortality was 16.36%. The percent larval mortality due to entomopathogens and parasitic nematodes was 12.99%. Hexamermis sp., probably albicans Siebold (Mermitha: Mermithidae) were isolated from 105 FAW …

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 25, No. 3, June 2013

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Contents: Welcome - Grants - North Central Branch News - Publications - Congratulations - Student News - Meeting an Off-Campus Student - This 'n That - Workshop News - Calendar of Events

Use Of Bee-Attractants In Increasing Crop Productivity In Niger (Guizotia Abyssinica. L), Venkataramegowda Sivaram, Koragandahalli Venkateshappa Jayaramappa, Anita Menon, Ruben Michael Ceballos

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The use of bee attractants, Bee-Q and Fruit Boost™ in the pollination of niger was evaluated. Bee visitations to niger flowers were observed for two weeks and an estimation of seed yield was determined. Different concentrations of Bee-Q and Fruit boost™ were evaluated to understand honeybee visitation patterns on the target crop and pollination efficiency. Results indicate that applications of Bee-Q at 12.5 g/l and Fruit boost at 0.75 ml/l on niger plots significantly increased the number of bee foragers over control plots. In addition, plots sprayed with these bee attractants significantly enhanced the seed set, seed weight, and germination …

Pace Family Papers (Mss 458), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Collection 458. Pace family documents (chiefly related to land transactions) including deeds, land grants, mortgages; as well as Bible records for the Pace and related families (click on "Additional Files" below for scans), and probate records. A significant portion of the collection documents the garden club activities of Lillian (Tynes) Pace and her efforts to have the Viceroy butterfly designated as the Kentucky state butterfly.

Transcriptomic And Proteomic Responses Of Sweetpotato Whitefly, Bemisia Tabaci, To Thiamethoxam, Nina Yang, Wen Xie, Xin Yang, Shaoli Wang, Qingjun Wu, Rumei Li, Huipeng Pan, Baiming Liu, Xiaobin Shi, Yong Fang, Baoyun Xu, Xuguo Zhou, Youjun Zhang

Entomology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most widely distributed agricultural pests. Although it has developed resistance to many registered insecticides including the neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam, the mechanisms that regulate the resistance are poorly understood. To understand the molecular basis of thiamethoxam resistance, "omics" analyses were carried out to examine differences between resistant and susceptible B. tabaci at both transcriptional and translational levels.

RESULTS: A total of 1,338 mRNAs and 52 proteins were differentially expressed between resistant and susceptible B. tabaci. Among them, 11 transcripts had concurrent transcription and translation profiles. KEGG analysis mapped 318 …

Metronidazole Effects On Hindgut Microflora Residing Within The Subterranean Termite Reticulitermes Flavipes, Alexandra Gjevre

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Science and Technology at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Alexandra Gjevre on May 1, 2013.

Temporal Food Preference And Effectiveness Of Selected Bait Products Against Pachycondyla Chinensis (Emery) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Ying Mo

All Theses

Pachycondyla chinensis (Emery), commonly known as the Asian needle ant is a well-established invasive species in urban and woodland areas in South Carolina. Foraging ants are found around or under places such as sidewalks, flowerbeds, mulch, tree bases, stones, and logs where human outdoor activity takes place in urbanized area. It is not an aggressive ant, but it has a powerful sting that causes severe allergic reactions in some people. It also has a negative impact on native ant species in forest environments. Food preference was studied, followed by an evaluation of selected bait products against P. chinensis.
Protein, carbohydrate, …

An Automatic Framework For Embryonic Localization Using Edges In A Scale Space, Zachary Bessinger

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Localization of Drosophila embryos in images is a fundamental step in an automatic computational system for the exploration of gene-gene interaction on Drosophila. Contour extraction of embryonic images is challenging due to many variations in embryonic images. In the thesis work, we develop a localization framework based on the analysis of connected components of edge pixels in a scale space. We propose criteria to select optimal scales for embryonic localization. Furthermore, we propose a scale mapping strategy to compress the range of a scale space in order to improve the efficiency of the localization framework. The effectiveness of the proposed …

Studies On The Structure And Pathogens Of The Small Hive Beetle (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), Natasha A. Wright

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The small hive beetle (Aethina tumida, SHB) is an invasive pest of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in the United States. The adult and larval beetles can ruin honey through fecal contamination and by vectoring a mutualistic yeast (Kodamaea ohmeri) that causes honey fermentation. These beetles also impact honey bee colonies by feeding on bee eggs, bee brood, and pollen. Severe beetle infestations can cause colonies to decline or abscond.

The SHB has been present in the United States since at least 1998. Since then, there have been several published papers on how to successfully rear these beetles. Laboratory rearing …

Nebline, May 2013

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Moving Toward a Healthier You

Farm Views

Urban Agriculture

Food & Fitness

Home & Family Living

Horticulture

Environmental Focus

4-H & Youth

Community Focus

Extension Calendar

Nutrition Education Program

Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs

and other extension news and events

Influence Of Horn Flies And Breed Type On Milk Production, Calf Production Traits, Pasture Behavior, And Temperament Measurements In Beef Cattle, Angela Rene Mays

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

An experiment conducted in El Reno, Oklahoma during the fly season (May - September/October) evaluated the effects of horn flies on milk production, calf performance, and pasture behavior and temperament measurements of beef cow calf pairs. Cows (n = 53) sired by Bonsmara (BONS; n = 7), Brangus (BRAN; n = 13), Charolais (CHAR; n = 8), Gelbvieh (GELV; n = 5), Hereford (HERF; n = 12), and Romosinuano (ROMO; n = 8) from Brangus dams and their Angus sired calves (n = 51) were used in the study. Horn fly counts (HFC) and milk yield and quality estimates were …

The Life History Of Larinus Minutus, A Biological Control Agent Of Invasive Knapweeds, And Its Dispersal From Release Sites In Arkansas, Adam M. Alford

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Larinus minutus Gyllenhal, a biological control agent of invasive knapweeds, has become established in several states and provinces since initial North American introduction in 1991. In order to reduce growing spotted knapweed populations in Northwest Arkansas, Larinus minutus (a biological control agent of spotted knapweed) was released annually from 2008-2011. Little is known about the larval development of this species, although the widespread use of this insect has provided research describing detailed host range and generalized life history. The speed and extent of the spread of this weevil from release sites following introduction have not been reported. This research described …

Kinematic Analysis Of Axial Rotations And The Effects Of Stress Selection On Takeoff Flight Performance, Michael L. Brewer

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The importance of flying insects cannot be understated; without them as pollinators, the great diversity of flowing plants could not have occurred. Flight requires a suite of highly derived morphological and physiological characteristics that may limit the evolutionary responses of other life history traits.

To investigate the complexities of maneuvering flight, I used high-speed videography to analyze wing and body motions in the HoverflySyritta pipiens(Order: Diptera) during horizontal turns called saccades. I characterized the saccades by calculating the instantaneous rotational velocities throughout the saccade, maximum rotational velocity, and the mean rotational velocity. I then compared the shape of the rotational …