A Link Between Methylglyoxal And
Heart Failure During Hiv-1 Infection,
2021
University of Nebraska Medical Center
A Link Between Methylglyoxal And Heart Failure During Hiv-1 Infection, Prasanta K. Dasg, Fadhel A. Alomar, Jesse L. Cox, Joellyn Mcmillan, Bryan T. Hackfort, Edward Makarov, Brenda Morsey, Howard S. Fox, Howard E. Gendelman, Santhi Gorantla, Keshore R. Bidasee
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Early-onset heart failure (HF) continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1) infection (PLWH), yet the molecular causes for this remain poorly understood. Herein NOD.Cg- PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ humanized mice (Hu-mice), plasma from PLWH, and autopsied cardiac tissues from deceased HIV seropositive individuals were used to assess if there is a link between the glycolysis byproduct methylglyoxal (MG) and HF in the setting of HIV-1 infection. At five weeks post HIV infection, Hu-mice developed grade III-IV diastolic dysfunction (DD) with an associated two-fold increase in plasma …
Multiplikasi Tunas Tanaman Temu Putih Pada Berbagai Jenis Karbohidrat Dan Sitokinin Secara In Vitro,
2021
Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran
Multiplikasi Tunas Tanaman Temu Putih Pada Berbagai Jenis Karbohidrat Dan Sitokinin Secara In Vitro, Murgayanti, Adelia Anissa Putri, Anne Nuraini
Jurnal Kultivasi
Permasalahan utama dari perbanyakan tanaman temu putih (Curcuma zedoaria) secara konvensional adalah penggunaan bahan tanam berupa rimpang yang memiliki masa dormansi 2-3 bulan. Perbanyakan in vitro menjadi alternatif untuk membuat perbanyakan temu putih secara cepat dan dalam jumlah banyak, namun masih belum banyak penelitian rekayasa media in vitro berupa penambahan karbohidrat dan sitokinin dalam media. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan dan multiplikasi eksplan C. zedoria terhadap 3 jenis karbohidrat, yaitu sukrosa, glukosa dan amilum dengan konsentrasi 2% dan 4% yang dikombinasikan dengan 2 jenis sitokinin, yaitu Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) 2 ppm dan Thidiazuron (TDZ) 1,5 ppm. Percobaan …
Modulation Of Effector Gene Expression In The Blood-Feeding Arthropods Cimex Lectularius Linnaeus, (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) And Aedes Albopictus Skuse, (Diptera: Culicidae),
2021
Mississippi State University
Modulation Of Effector Gene Expression In The Blood-Feeding Arthropods Cimex Lectularius Linnaeus, (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) And Aedes Albopictus Skuse, (Diptera: Culicidae), Travis C. Van Warmerdam
Theses and Dissertations
Hematophagy, or blood-feeding behavior, has independently evolved multiple times in the class Insecta and results in the transmission of vector-borne parasites, bacteria and viruses causing 17% of all infectious diseases and over 700,000 human deaths annually. One of the major challenges in studying the discrete mechanisms involved in host-response to hematophagy or the host seeking behavior of hematophagous insects, is the vast amount of signaling processes and genes that are inextricably tied to these interactions. These experiments used the clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) and dsRNA knock-down technologies to examine mechanisms of immunological reactivity and host-seeking behavior. …
Self-Extending Symbiosis In Symbiodinium Microadriaticum And The Effect Of Endosymbiotic / Horizontal Gene Transfer On Dinoflagellates And The Tree Of Life,
2021
The American University in Cairo AUC
Self-Extending Symbiosis In Symbiodinium Microadriaticum And The Effect Of Endosymbiotic / Horizontal Gene Transfer On Dinoflagellates And The Tree Of Life, Maha Kadry Ahmed Fathy
Archived Theses and Dissertations
Symbiodinium microadriaticum is a dinoflagellate that lives in a mutualistic relationship with the coral Stylophora pistillata in the Red Sea. Symbiodinium microadriaticum is divided into several clades and the A1 clade of Symbiodinium microadriaticum lives in shallow waters and is resilient to thermal stress. The association between Symbiodinium microadriaticum A1 and Stylophora pistillata enables Stylophora pistillata to tolerate the rise in the sea surface temperature caused by global warming and climate change. Here, the first completely sequenced dinoflagellate genome is explored to answer two questions: The first question is whether self-extending symbiosis has a role in the ability of Symbiodinium …
Enrichment Of Extremophilic Bacteria From Atlantis Ii Deep Brine Sediments Using Various Electron Donors & Acceptors,
2021
The American University in Cairo AUC
Enrichment Of Extremophilic Bacteria From Atlantis Ii Deep Brine Sediments Using Various Electron Donors & Acceptors, Nelly Abu Alkheir
Archived Theses and Dissertations
The Atlantis II Deep is the most studied and largest brine pool in the Red Sea. It is an active hydrothermal habitat with unique physical conditions. Its unique characteristics (70°C temperature, 26% salinity, pH 5.2) caused it to be a very attractive marine ecosystem for microbiological and metagenomics studies. Sediments of the Atlantis II Deep brine were investigated for the presence of extremophilic bacteria using a cultivation approach combined with phylogenetic analysis. Two different cultivation methods were utilized: substrate gradient cultures and minimal salts medium supplemented with various combinations of electron donors and acceptors. A bacterial culture enriched from the …
Metagenomic Assessment Of The Mobilomes Of Red Sea's Atlantis Ii, Discovery And Kebrit Deeps,
2021
The American University in Cairo AUC
Metagenomic Assessment Of The Mobilomes Of Red Sea's Atlantis Ii, Discovery And Kebrit Deeps, Mohamed Mohamed El Rifai
Archived Theses and Dissertations
Mobile genetic elements in microbial communities are mainly composed of plasmids, transposons and viruses. They are collectively referred to as the mobilome and serve as agents that facilitate horizontal gene transfer, which plays an important role in evolution and adaptation of microorganisms. In order to study the abundance and distribution of mobile genetic elements in different marine environments and to clarify whether certain environmental conditions could explain such distribution, sequence similarity searches using protein family signatures against diverse marine metagenomic datasets were used to determine the relative frequency of coding sequences associated with transposases, integrases, plasmids and viruses, or phages. …
E2 Evolutionary Motif Prediction And Identification Of Drug Candidates To Prevent Hepatitis C Virus Cellular Entry,
2021
The American University in Cairo AUC
E2 Evolutionary Motif Prediction And Identification Of Drug Candidates To Prevent Hepatitis C Virus Cellular Entry, Shairy Azmy Danial
Archived Theses and Dissertations
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection causes around three quarters of worldwide chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Interferon and ribavirin combination therapy is not effective with all HCV genotypes, and has serious side effects that may result in discontinuation of treatment. The aim of our work is to design inhibitors against HCV envelope glycoprotein E2 to prevent its binding to CD81 surface receptor and the consequent viral entry into hepatocytes. Currently, no crystal structure is constructed for E2. However, a model of E2 is available, Yagnik et al. model, which served as the starting point for the structure-based inhibitor …
Exploring The Aerobic Methanotrophs Community In The Red Sea Atlantis Ii Deep Brine Area,
2021
The American University in Cairo AUC
Exploring The Aerobic Methanotrophs Community In The Red Sea Atlantis Ii Deep Brine Area, Rehab Abdallah
Archived Theses and Dissertations
Methane represents one of the most abundant hydrocarbons on earth and a powerful greenhouse gas. Methane oxidation by microbial consortia contributes positively to the environment by decreasing methane emission to the atmosphere from different ecosystems. Aerobic methanotrophic bacteria are considered one of the main groups involved in methane oxidation. Brine pools are dynamic habitats for microbial cycling of carbon. Atlantis II Deep is the largest brine pool in the Red Sea. The pool is well known for its elevated temperature, salinity and methane concentration. Methane seeps from the deep brine to the overlying brine seawater interface layer, providing a suitable …
The Application Of Mathematical Optimization And Flavor-Detection Technologies For Modeling Aroma Of Hops,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
The Application Of Mathematical Optimization And Flavor-Detection Technologies For Modeling Aroma Of Hops, Yutong Liu
Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
In recent years, proprietary hops (Citra, Simcoe, and Mosaic) become the most sought-after hops among brewers due to their excellent aroma. However, they are restricted to the owners unless other growers purchase the costly licensing agreements. Many public hops are available to the growers without any additional costs, but their aroma is difficult to match to the proprietary hops. Although proprietary and public hop varieties are unique in their aroma profiles, all hops varieties contain similar volatile compounds, merely differ in the quantity of different individual compounds. The main objective of this thesis was to investigate the feasibility of matching …
Charting A New Frontier Integrating Mathematical Modeling In Complex Biological Systems From Molecules To Ecosystems,
2021
University of Notre Dame
Charting A New Frontier Integrating Mathematical Modeling In Complex Biological Systems From Molecules To Ecosystems, Katharine A. White, Kira D. Mcentire, Nicole R. Buan, Lecia Robinson, Elisar Barbar
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Advances in quantitative biology data collection and analysis across scales (molecular, cellular, organismal, and ecological) have transformed how we understand, categorize, and predict complex biological systems. This surge of quantitative data creates an opportunity to apply, develop, and evaluate mathematical models of biological systems and explore novel methods of analysis. Simultaneously, thanks to increased computational power, mathematicians, engineers, and physical scientists have developed sophisticated models of biological systems at different scales. Novel modeling schemes can offer deeper understanding of principles in biology, but there is still a disconnect between modeling and experimental biology that limits our ability to fully realize …
First Detection Of Naturally Introgressed Bt Cry1ab In Asian Corn Borer [Ostrinia Furnacalis (Guenée)] - Resistant Traditional Maize (Silangan) In The Philippines,
2021
Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College 4031 Laguna, Philippines
First Detection Of Naturally Introgressed Bt Cry1ab In Asian Corn Borer [Ostrinia Furnacalis (Guenée)] - Resistant Traditional Maize (Silangan) In The Philippines, Merdelyn T. Caasi-Lit, Eureka Teresa C. Ocampo, Artemio Salazar, Jefferson Paril, Bryan Novio, Bernard Panabang, Angelyn Marta Marmeto
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Resistance against insect pests is one of the most promising and highly favored characteristics of an economically important crop. In the Philippines, the Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is the most destructive insect pest of maize. The discovery of Bacillus thuringiensis and the Bt toxin, which led to the development of Bt corn, effectively controlled this pest. In this study, four traditional varieties of maize that showed resistance against ACB were tested for the presence of Bt Cry1Ab protein. Out of these four, a traditional variety from San Carlos City, Pangasinan, which was initially thought to have natural …
Epinasty Accompanies Potassium Nitrate-Induced Flower Bud Break In 'Carabao' Mango [Research Note],
2021
Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture and Related Sciences, University of Southeastern Philippines, Tagum City, Philippines
Epinasty Accompanies Potassium Nitrate-Induced Flower Bud Break In 'Carabao' Mango [Research Note], Ulysses Besas, Calixto Protacio
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
The hypothesis that potassium nitrate application promotes epinasty in ‘Carabao’ mango through increased ethylene production was investigated. The degree of drooping, apical primordium growth as affected by shoot ethylene and levels after potassium nitrate spraying were monitored. Evidence presented established for the first time in ‘Carabao’ mango that epinasty occurred just before flower emergence, coinciding with visible bud break, and extended up to 18 days, marking floral anthesis. The possible reasons could be the higher levels of ethylene at 0.31% and earlier increase of ethylene in the shoot apex at four hours and apical primordium growth. Increased ethylene levels at …
Prospecting For And Isolation Of Microalgae In South Texas,
2021
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Prospecting For And Isolation Of Microalgae In South Texas, Mauricio Alejandro Peña
Theses and Dissertations
Microalgae is a very important microorganism that can be used for beneficial purposes for humans. One way to show the importance of algae in this planet is the contribution of Oxygen it provides to the atmosphere, which many organisms rely on (Medeiros et al., 2015). Carbon footprint has been one of the greatest causes for global warming and it is due to the use of fossils to create diesel. One of the ways to avoid contamination is to replace those fuels that are used on daily basis, such as for transportation. The microalgae are able to produce lipids that can …
Reintegrating Biology Through The Nexus Of Energy, Information, And Matter,
2021
Colorado State University
Reintegrating Biology Through The Nexus Of Energy, Information, And Matter, Kim L. Hoke, Sara L. Zimmer, Adam B. Roddy, Mary Jo Ondrechen, Craig E. Williamson, Nicole R. Buan
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Information, energy, and matter are fundamental properties of all levels of biological organization, and life emerges from the continuous flux of matter, energy, and information. This perspective piece defines and explains each of the three pillars of this nexus. We propose that a quantitative characterization of the complex interconversions between matter, energy, and information that compose this nexus will help us derive biological insights that connect phenomena across different levels of biological organization. We articulate examples from multiple biological scales that highlight how this nexus approach leads to a more complete understanding of the biological system. Metrics of energy, information, …
Toward Lignin Valorization: Development Of Rhodococcus Opacus Pd630 As A Chassis For Triacylglycerol (Tag) Production From Recalcitrant Aromatic Feedstocks,
2021
Washington University in St. Louis
Toward Lignin Valorization: Development Of Rhodococcus Opacus Pd630 As A Chassis For Triacylglycerol (Tag) Production From Recalcitrant Aromatic Feedstocks, Rhiannon R. Carr
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
The advent of the industrial era was precipitated by the discovery of fossil fuels, and ushered in unprecedented changes for humanity included but not limited to the development of rapid transit and communications, improvements to food distribution and preservation, the mass production of goods, and a radical rearrangement of communities from relatively small enclaves to metropolises. With all the benefits, however, come considerable costs, especially to the global environment. Greenhouse gas emissions, built up over centuries of unregulated combustion, have precipitated a rate of global temperature change unparalleled in the 4.5 billion-year history of this planet. In order to preserve …
Bacterial Production Of Human Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 (Ddr2) Kinase And Its Gatekeeper Mutants To Assess Activation By Phosphorylation,
2021
The American University in Cairo AUC
Bacterial Production Of Human Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 (Ddr2) Kinase And Its Gatekeeper Mutants To Assess Activation By Phosphorylation, Dina Allam Abdel Azeem
Archived Theses and Dissertations
Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) belongs to a subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) known as discoidin domain receptors (DDRs). DDRs are characterized by an extracellular discoidin homology domain and being activated by collagen resulting in a delayed but sustained activation. DDR2 overexpression was reported in some tumors, atherosclerosis as well as a number of inflammatory and fibrotic conditions. Recently 3 kinase inhibitor drugs (imatinib, nilotinib and dasatinib) were reported to inhibit DDR2 kinase activity suggesting it might have a role in their therapeutic effect. However minimal information is available on DDR2 downstream signaling. Identification of DDR2 substrates is essential …
Isolation And Characterization Of A Novel Thermostable, Halotolerant L-Asparaginase Ii From The Metagenome Of The Red Sea; Atlantis Ii Brine Pool,
2021
The American University in Cairo AUC
Isolation And Characterization Of A Novel Thermostable, Halotolerant L-Asparaginase Ii From The Metagenome Of The Red Sea; Atlantis Ii Brine Pool, Aya Medhat Saleh
Archived Theses and Dissertations
L-Asparaginases (E.C. 3.5.1.1) are group of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia. Many microorganisms are known to produce two types of L-asparaginase. Considerable attention has been specifically drawn to type II L-asparaginases due to their potent tumor-inhibitory activity. Various limitations, such as high toxicity, poor stability and short half-life, are associated with the commercially available L-asparaginases used in cancer therapy. Additionally, L-asparaginases have a significant role in food industry owing to their ability to reduce the levels of acrylamide, which is a known neurotoxin and a potential carcinogen, in various food products. Knowing that …
Crispr Diversity In Brine Pools Of The Red Sea: A Comparative Study Of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats From The Red Sea Metagenomes,
2021
The American University in Cairo AUC
Crispr Diversity In Brine Pools Of The Red Sea: A Comparative Study Of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats From The Red Sea Metagenomes, Mohamed Mohamed Lotaief
Archived Theses and Dissertations
Exploration of CRISPR/Cas systems in the unique Red sea Brine pools can provide insights into host-viral interactions in highly extremophile environments. 454 Metagenomic datasets from different strata of Atlantis II, Discovery deep and Kebrit deep brine pools were mined for CRISPR arrays, and Cas proteins and compared to one another. Overall composition of CRISPR types was inferred by Cas protein HMM data, together with Cas1 phylogenetic placement using RaxML and direct repeat typing. Spacerâ viral interaction was explored using local alignments of mined spacer data to local metagenomic prophage sequences, showing and comparing specific sample CRISPR affected viral occurrences as …
Mining And Identification Of A Potential Subtilisin-Like Serine Protease From The Lower Convective Layer Of The Atlantis Ii Brine Pool In The Red Sea,
2021
The American University in Cairo AUC
Mining And Identification Of A Potential Subtilisin-Like Serine Protease From The Lower Convective Layer Of The Atlantis Ii Brine Pool In The Red Sea, Ahmed Shibl
Archived Theses and Dissertations
The Red Sea harbors a number of deep-sea brine pools with diverse chemical, physical, and geological conditions. One of the environments, the Atlantis II Brine Pool, is unique to the Red Sea. The deepest part of Atlantis II Brine Pool â the Lower Convective Layer (LCL) â is 2060 meters below the sea surface water, with 26% salinity, and a temperature of about 68 °C. Moreover, it is almost anoxic, and contains a very high concentration of heavy metals. We are interested in identifying subtilisin-like serine proteases, which are an important group of proteolytic enzymes with a broad range of …
Potential Endoglucanase Genes From The Red Sea Atlantis Ii Brine Pool: Structure, Organization And Halophilic Signature,
2021
The American University in Cairo AUC
Potential Endoglucanase Genes From The Red Sea Atlantis Ii Brine Pool: Structure, Organization And Halophilic Signature, Mohamad Maged Galal
Archived Theses and Dissertations
Cellulolytic enzymes have many industrial applications and play a major role in the process of biofuel production. Bioethanol is a cheap and clean alternative to non-renewable, polluting and expensive fossil fuel. Cellulases and hemicellulases act synergistically to degrade the cellulose polymer into glucose which can then be fermented by specific anaerobic organisms into ethanol. The overall manufacturing process occurs under harsh conditions such as low pH, high temperature and in the presence of elevated salt concentrations. The Atlantis II brine pool in the Red Sea is a unique habitat in terms of its diverse microbial community and physical conditions; high …
