Biotechnology Commons^™

Isolation And Characterization Of Lignin From Oil Palm Shells Using A Precipitation Method With Sulfuric Acid And Polyaluminum Chloride As Coagulant, Eny Kusrini, Ria Yolanda Arundina, Anwar Usman, Resti Marlina, Bambang Subiyanto, Volkan Degirmenci, Nofrijon Sofyan, Yudan Whulanza

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Lignin has useful and significant properties such as stiffness, resistance to UV radiation, antioxidant, antimicrobial, high thermal stability, and high carbon content. Due to these properties, lignin can be used for several applications including wood adhesive, carbon-based material, and can be developed as a functional material composite. Isolation and utilization of lignin from lignocellulosic biomass offers significant opportunities in various now and future industrial applications mainly for development advanced materials. In this study, isolation and characterization of lignin from oil palm shells (OPS) was conducted. Lignin was isolated from OPS using the precipitation method with sulfuric acid and coagulation using …

Analysing Sound Characteristics Of Cello And Violin Using Fast Fourier Transform, Sinin Hamdan, Khairul Anwar Mohamad Said, Ahmad Faudzi Musib, Marini Sawawi, Aaliyawani Ezzerin Sinin

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The unique sound characteristics of music are based on multiple harmonic frequencies that exist within the sound waves. Through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) software, the wave can be broken down into frequency and amplitude components. Spectrum analysis can be used quantitatively to describe these sound characteristics. In this paper, the frequency range present in the spectrum and the average intensity of the first 10 high notes in the sound are used to classify the sound characteristics of the cello and violin. This is done by generating a frequency (x-axis) and amplitude (y-axis) graph for the sounds of the cello and …

Exploring Pcat3 Expression In Arthritis: Proinflammatory Marker Patterns And P53 Involvement, Aida H. Alobaidi, Entkhab M. A. Alanisi, Khalid A. Alyodawi

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

This study investigated the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PCAT3 in arthritis, focusing on its impact on proinflammatory markers. Researchers analyzed both mRNA and protein levels of various proinflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-13) in arthritis patients and compared them to healthy controls. Additionally, PCAT3 expression was assessed in both patient groups and further investigated using siRNA knockdown in the human synovial cell line SW982. Results revealed distinct expression patterns of proinflammatory markers in arthritis patients, with TNF-α and IL-6 showing the highest levels. PCAT3 expression was significantly elevated in arthritis patients compared to controls. …

Clinical Outcomes Of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Amongst Persons Living With Hiv Attending A Referral Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study, Mwaka Dick Odong, Wafula Bossa, Muhwezi Loyce, Nangobi Christine Faith, Mbusa Chrispus, Bontu Aschale Abebe, Daniel Chans Mwandah, Silas Ojuka, Tadele Mekuriya Yadesa

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection amongst persons living with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) (PLWHIV). World Health Organisation recommends tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) to avert the effects of TB/HIV co-infection. This study aimed at determining the incidence of active tuberculosis infection, assessing the burden of adverse drug events (ADEs) and identifying the associated factors. In this study, records of 379 patients who started isoniazid preventive therapy at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) between 1^st July, 2017 and 30^th June, 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Data was analyzed using a statistical software (SPSS version 20.0) and presented using …

Use Of Electrical Bone Growth Stimulators In High-Risk Patients Following Spinal Fusion, Soumya Malhotra, Khavir Sharieff

HCA-NSU MD Research Day

Title: Use of Electrical Bone Growth Stimulators in High-Risk Patients Following Spinal Fusion Authors: Soumya Malhotra, BA., MS1 & Khavir Sharieff, DO, MBA2 1Class of 2027, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL 2Assistant Professor of Surgery, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Tampa Bay, FLNova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the advantages of EBGSs following high-risk spinal fusions. Background: Pseudarthrosis is a condition where bones fail to fuse after an injury or surgery. It causes significant …

The Effects Of Wildfires On The Mental And Physical Health Of School-Age Children In North America: A Scoping Review, Sarah Oerther, Sarah Manspeaker, Alison Wix, Daniel Oerther, Carmen Marsit

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: Wildfires are occurring more often and with greater intensity, leading to longer and harsher fire seasons. As a result, children are more frequently exposed to wildfire smoke, which increases their risk of mental and physical health effects. Purpose: The purpose of our scoping review is to explore the current literature on what is known about the direct and indirect impacts of wildfires on the mental and physical health of school-age children in North America (5 to 18-year-olds). Methods: A health sciences librarian-assisted literature search, with input from the research team, was performed. Results: A total of 16 studies were …

Evaluating Uv-Protective Low-Emissivity Window Films: Implications For Thermal And Visual Comfort In Luminous Office Buildings, Lina M. Shaker

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

This review article explores the integration of thin window films and solar energy systems to enhance thermal comfort in luminous office buildings. Luminous office buildings, which prioritize natural lighting, often face challenges in maintaining thermal comfort for occupants. By integrating solar energy systems, such as photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal systems, with thin window films, it is possible to optimize thermal comfort while harnessing sustainable energy sources. Thin window films act as a barrier against solar radiation, reducing heat gain while allowing therapeutic blue light (400-520nm) transmission. The advantages of thin window films include improved thermal insulation, glare reduction, and …

A Review Of Biomass-Based Natural Coagulants For Water Pollution Remediation: Impact Of Properties And Coagulation Operational Parameters, Nur Faizzah Husna Mohammad Ali, Megat Ahmad Kamal Megat Hanafiah, Sabiha Hanim Saleh, Mohd Tajudin Mohd Ali, Shariff Ibrahim

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

The rapid growth of cities, industries, and population has made tackling water scarcity increasingly challenging as the global demand for clean drinking water continues to rise. Consequently, extensive research in water and wastewater treatment, specifically focusing on the coagulation process, has ensued. Coagulation plays a critical role in water treatment, and its effectiveness depends on the type of coagulant used. However, the widespread use of chemical coagulants raises concerns for the environment and public health. Consequently, there has been growing interest in exploring natural alternatives derived from plants and animals. This review examines how the properties of natural coagulants, as …

Hepatic Targets To Control Blood Glucose And Potentially Aid In The Treatment Of Diabetes, Rena A. Velissarios

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

Maintaining glucose homeostasis is extremely important to remain in good health and prevent disease. This homeostasis is achieved via the regulation of hepatic metabolic pathways like gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis by insulin, which is expressed during high blood glucose. Insulin is responsible for facilitating the uptake of glucose into other tissues from the blood, as well as signaling whether to stimulate or slow glucose metabolism in the liver. Hyperglycemia is one of the main effects of diabetes, a disease characterized by the body’s inability to produce or respond to insulin. Without insulin, hepatic glucose output continues and blood glucose accumulates, causing …

An Experiment Study On Implementing Syngas On A Small Generator Set, Bui Van Chinh, Khong Vu Quang, Khanh Nguyen Duc

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

This paper presents an experiment on syngas's influence on the performance and pollutant characteristics of a mechanical diesel engine generator set. Using syngas as an external fuel is good for medium and light loads of less than 80%. While a moderate substitution of syngas will contribute to good performance at high loads, a larger level of syngas provided may degrade engine performance. The brake-specific energy consumption rises as the replacement syngas flow increases. Using syngas as an external fuel to substitute for a part of the diesel might cause the engine to perform unstablely. The more syngas replacements, the greater …

Advances In Biomedical Research And Treatments: What Is Acceptable?, Michael L. Clancy, Khalid M. Iskandarani, Mitchell C. Mccrea

Journal of Health Ethics

This study investigated the technology acceptance (TA) of twenty-first century biomedical treatments by adults in the United States. A new TA instrument was created, using five distinct levels: (1) Healing and Prevention, (2) Replacement Organs, (3) Enhancements-Medical, (4) Enhancements-Discretionary, and (5) Transhumans. An on-line survey produced 353 usable responses, which showed distinct patterns for each of five biomedical treatment levels. There was clear support for Levels 1–3, but very strong opposition to Levels 4–5. The TA finding draws the line between which human interventions are acceptable versus others that should be prohibited through public policies and medical guidelines.

Formulation And Evaluation Of In-Vitro Anti-Cancer Activity Of Iron Nanoparticles On Mcf-7 & A-475 Cells, Sarad Pawar Naik Bukke, Arigela Bharathi, Tenpattinam Shanmugam Saraswathi, Yenumula Nettikallu, Shanmugam Vippamakula

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Nanomedicine is an interdisciplinary field within the developing nano medication delivery system. Ayurveda, a traditional form of healing, employs nanoparticles known as Bhasmas. Nanoparticles can be selectively designed to simultaneously deliver many medications. This innovative functionality enables meticulous regulation of drug release, therefore obviating the necessity for intricate dosing schedules. This enhances patient compliance with treatment. The aim of this work is to synthesise iron nanoparticles using an environmentally friendly process, evaluate the quality of the produced nanoparticles, and examine their possible anti-cancer properties by in-vitro experimental testing utilizing MCF-7 and A-475 cell lines. To produce neem leaf extract, fresh …

Antimicrobial Properties Of Jasminum Sambac Linn Leave Extract On Selected Oral Associated Pathogen, Sarah Saiful Rizal, Wan Razarinah Wan Abdul Razak

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Traditional medicine using Jasminum leaves to treat oral health problems is expected due to easy access. Furthermore, due to the rising issue of antibiotic resistance, discovering a natural antibiotic that can effectively replace synthetic antibiotics would be valuable as natural antibiotics can cover the benefits, challenges, and future development. This study aims to assess the antimicrobial properties of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Jasminum sambac L. leaves at the concentration of 50, 150, and 250 mg/ml against E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145, S. aureus ATCC 33591 and B. cereus ATCC 11778, C. albicans ATCC 10231 and A. …

Potential Of Critical Mineral And Cytotoxicity Activity Of Gadolinium Complex As Anti-Amoebic Agent By Viability Studies And Flow Cytometry Techniques, Eny Kusrini, Fatimah Hashim, Azrina Aziz, Muhamad Fairus Noor Hassim, Anwar Usman, Lee D. Wilson, El-Sayed Negim, Agus Budi Prasetyo

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

The screening of lanthanide as a critical mineral and used as an anti-amoebic agent is important to identify the safest method and mode of cell death to eliminate this microorganism from the host. In this study, gadolinium ion (Gd³⁺) that complexed with a short acyclic triethylene glycol (EO3) and in the presence of picric acid (HPic) as counter anion for anti-amoebic activity was explored. The trivalent Gd³⁺ complexed with EO3 and HPic via one-pot synthesis reaction using a mole ratio of gadolinium nitrate salt, EO3 ligand and HPic in a mole ratio 1:3:4 to produce [Gd(Pic)_{2 …}

Synergistic Effects Of Biological Stimuli And Flexion Induce Microcavities Promote Hypertrophy And Inhibit Chondrogenesis During In Vitro Culture Of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregates, Bo Zhang, Jim Berilla, Sungwoo Cho, Rodrigo A. Somoza, Jean F. Welter, Harihara Baskaran

Faculty Scholarship

Interzone/cavitation are key steps in early stage joint formation that have not been successfully developed in vitro. Further, current models of endochondral ossification, an important step in early bone formation, lack key morphology morphological structures such as microcavities found during development in vivo. This is possibly due to the lack of appropriate strategies for incorporating chemical and mechanical stimuli that are thought to be involved in joint development. We designed a bioreactor system and investigated the synergic effect of chemical stimuli (chondrogenesis-inducing [CIM] and hypertrophy-inducing medium [HIM]) and mechanical stimuli (flexion) on the growth of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) …

Shining Light On The Invisible: Fluorescent Detection Of Reactive Oxygen Species, Alex Zuo

Research Colloquium

Background

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in cell signaling and homeostasis. However, overproduction of ROS leads to oxidative stress, as well as other related diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular disorders. Conventional ROS detection methods are limited by their low sensitivity and low specificity in real-time measurements. Fluorescent probes can offer valuable tools to detect ROS in biological systems. This study is focused on the detection of ROS formation during hypoxia and reoxygenation.

Methods

We used fluorescence detection techniques to study ROS in isolated rodent skeletal muscle models, which were exposed to alternating hyperoxia and hypoxia. …

Efficient Cold-Active Extremozyme For Aldehydes Monitoring, Georgiana Necula-Petrareanu, Paris Lavin, Alina Vasilescu, Cristina Purcarea

FRONTIERS UNBOUND: Exploring Extreme Environments

No abstract provided.

Developing Coexpression Systems To Introduce Hydroxyproline Into Protein Engineered Collagen Peptides Utilizing Hydroxylase From Acanthamoeba Polyphaga Mimivirus, Jennifer Soldatich

Theses and Dissertations

A major challenge of developing collagen mimetic peptides (CMPs) by bacterial expression is to include hydroxyproline for biomedical applications. Coexpression of Prolyl-4-hydroxylase from A.mimivirus with CMPs was investigated. Additionally, four expression designs were created for potential applications in mammalian cells to utilize their natural ability of proline-hydroxylation by post-translational modification.

Revitalizing Biotechnological Advancement In The United States: Patent Eligibility Reform To Promote Innovation While Preserving Morality, Sydney Virtue

West Virginia Law Review

Patent protection has long been recognized as a key part of promoting innovation; however, current patent eligibility law in the United States often produces the exact opposite result. While the basic framework for patent eligibility is provided by the Patent Act, the United States Supreme Court has crafted several significant exceptions to patent eligibility—laws of nature, natural phenomena, and abstract ideas. These judicial exceptions have created a crisis in patent law and impeded biotechnological innovation, as they are too vague to be properly confined and carry tests that are too ambiguous for predictable application. To promote and retain world leadership …

A P-Graph Approach For Planning Sustainable Rice Straw Management Networks, Victoria Migo Sumagang Maria, Michael Angelo B. Promentilla

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The Philippines produces up to 15.2 Mt of rice straw waste annually. Unmanaged rice straw waste disposal can lead to pollution from open field burning. On the other hand, rice straw agricultural waste can be used sustainably to produce valuable products such as mushrooms, fodder, pellets, or bioenergy, in a rice straw management system. Such systems can be optimized using Process Integration tools so that the raw materials are used efficiently at the maximum profit and with a minimal carbon footprint. The P-graph framework is an efficient Process Integration tool that solves Process Network Synthesis problems. A P-graph finds the …