Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

A Novel Technique To Improve Capture Success Of Common Ravens, Lindsey R. Perry, Terrah M. Owens, Zachary T. Slick, Jimmy Taylor, Jonathan B. Dinkins

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Traditional trapping techniques for common ravens (Corvus corax; raven) require significant effort, often produce low capture rates, and cannot be used in some situations. We designed a 3-m noose pole to secure ravens from nocturnal roost locations while using a strobe spotlight to temporarily disorient them. We collected measures of trapping efficiency and contrasted them with padded leghold traps also used in the study. We effectively implemented our noose pole method in July and August of 2018, 2019, and 2020 in the Baker and Cow Lakes sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) Priority Areas of Conservation in eastern Oregon, USA, which yielded trapping …

Animal Sentience: History, Science, And Politics, Andrew N. Rowan, Joyce M. D'Silva, Ian J.H. Duncan, Nicholas Palmer

Animal Sentience

This target article has three parts. The first briefly reviews the thinking about nonhuman animals’ sentience in the Western canon: what we might know about their capacity for feeling, leading up to Bentham’s famous question “can they suffer?” The second part sketches the modern development of animal welfare science and the role that animal-sentience considerations have played therein. The third part describes the launching, by Compassion in World Farming, of efforts to incorporate animal sentience language into public policy and regulations concerning human treatment of animals.

Effects Of Orally Administered Colloidal Silver On The Macroscopic And Microscopic Features Of Kidneys In Apparently Healthy Adult Female Mice, Lia Isabella T. Soliman

Undergraduate Theses

This study described the macroscopic and microscopic lesions, and frequency of silver ion deposition in the kidneys of female ICR mice upon oral administration of colloidal silver. Fifty samples were divided into a total of six treatment groups: two control groups (n=5) given 3DH2O (0.07mL), two low dose treatment groups (n=10) given 0.07mL colloidal silver solution, and two high dose treatment groups (n=10) given 0.12mL colloidal silver solution, each with durations of seven or 14 days. No macroscopic lesions were observed. Histopathology revealed glomerulonephritis as the most common microscopic lesion, followed by congestion and fibrosis. Tubular hypertrophy due to compensatory …

Organosomatic Indices And Endocrine Related Histopathological Features Of The Testis, Liver, And Kidney In Caged Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) From The Seven Lakes Of San Pablo, Aline Karen T. Pagkaliwagan

Undergraduate Theses

This study was conducted to determine the potential effects of EDCs on juvenile male Nile tilapia. Measurement of E2 and BPA in water samples were conducted using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Testis, liver, and kidneys were excised, and the gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and presence of endocrine- related histopathological lesions were determined. Results revealed highly

detectable levels of E2 and BPA in all samples, including water from the deep well supply of the UPLB Limnological Research Station. GSI was lower in fish from Calibato and Yambo lakes in comparison to Sampaloc Lake. HSI was comparatively higher in …

Macroscopic And Microscopic Evaluation Of Skin Wound Healing Properties Of Saltwater Crocodile (Crocodylus Porosus) Blood Plasma On Skin Incision Wounds Of Male Icr Mice, Archie James C. Lluz

Undergraduate Theses

The wound healing properties of saltwater crocodile blood (Crocodylus porosus) plasma was assessed by topical administration on skin incision wounds of male ICR mice. Thirty male ICR mice were divided among three treatments namely 0.9% NSS, povidone-iodine solution, and saltwater crocodile blood plasma. Macroscopic and microscopic changes on the wound were evaluated on days 7, 14, and 21. Hyperemia and wound elevation were observed on all treatments and plasma group showed that hyperemia and wound elevation resolved faster when treated with saltwater crocodile blood plasma compared to povidone-iodine. Wounds treated with plasma had smaller scabs compared with povidone-iodine and scar …

B-Mode, M-Mode And Doppler Echocardiographic Features In Dairy Water Buffalo Calves, Mary Jovy B. Chavez

Undergraduate Theses

Thirty-two crossbreeds (Philippine Carabao x Bulgarian Murrah) of buffalo calves weighing 18-125 kg, with age range of one day to six- months, were classified according to sex and examined using an ultrasound machine equipped with a multi-frequency scanner at 3rd to 5th ICS, right parasternal long axis view. Cardiac structures were described using B- mode, measurements were obtained using M-mode echocardiography and

blood flow was measured and characterized using pulsed-wave Doppler and color flow Doppler, respectively. The different heart chamber walls and septa appeared as hypoechoic bands while the atria, ventricles and aorta were visualized as anechoic lumen. There were …

Science-Based Regulation Of Pharmacological Substances In Competition Horses, Jacob Machin

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

Current testing methodologies within equine forensic toxicology focus on arbitrary thresholds and zero-tolerance policy. Modern analytical chemistry’s limits of detection are low enough that oftentimes femtogram-per-milliliter amounts of a substance can readily be identified in both blood and urine of a horse. For most pharmacologically relevant compounds, these concentrations have no relevance to pharmacological effect. It is therefore crucial that testing methodologies to determine appropriate thresholds and cut-offs be developed that are driven by biological activity rather than arbitrary limits of detection. This dissertation looks to address this by suggesting a system of calculated Effective Plasma Concentrations by which a …

Heeding The Call Of Covid-19, David Wiebers, Valery Feigin

Animal Sentience

We are grateful to all of our commentators. They have provided a wide range of valuable perspectives and insights from many fields, revealing a broad interest in the subject matter. Nearly all the commentaries have helped to affirm, refine, expand, amplify, deepen, interpret, elaborate, or apply the messages in the target article. Some have offered critiques and suggestions that help us address certain issues in greater detail, including several points concerning industrialized farming and the wildlife trade. Overall, there is great awareness and strong consensus among commentators that any solution for preventing future pandemics and other related health crises must …

Effect Of Eggshell Temperatures On Hatching Performance, Egg Production, And Bonemorphology Of Laying Hens, Serdar Kamanli, Zi̇şan Servet Yalçin, Ahmet Nuri̇ Taşdemi̇r, Bülent Tarim, Engi̇n Tülek, Hüseyi̇n Aygören, Öğünç Meral, Bi̇rkan Karsli, Tansel Ansal Balci, Mehmet Bozkurt

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of lower or higher eggshell temperatures from days 7 to 21 on hatching performance, bone and blood parameters, and egg production along with the age of laying chickens. A total of 3150 eggs obtained from a white egg-type breeder were divided randomly into 3 groups of 1050 eggs. From 7 to 21 days, eggs were incubated at one of three eggshell temperatures: Control (IC) 37.5 °C, low (IL) 36.9 °C, and high (IH) 38.5 °C. At hatch, chicks were weighed, and blood was collected to measure total Ca, inorganic P, and ALP …

A Comprehensive Review On Genetic Diversity And Phylogenetic Relationships Amongnative Turkish Cattle Breeds Based On Microsatellite Markers, Eymen Demi̇r, Taki̇ Karsli, Murat Soner Balcioğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Many local breeds belonging to different livestock species such as cattle are in danger of extinction, since farmers prefer high-yielding breeds as well as intensive selection pressure. This fact leads to conduct suitable breeding and conservation programs in worldwide. Revealing genetic diversity is the first step for applying breeding and conservation programs. In this respect, this is the first comprehensive study aimed to review current genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among native Turkish cattle breeds based on previous microsatellite marker studies. Compared to other local cattle breeds reared in different regions of the world, native Turkish cattle breeds hold a …

Pelvic Limb Thermography In Dogs Submitted To Different Thermotherapy Modalities, Samyla Paiva De Albuquerque, Orimacelio Da Costa Martins, Ariel De Aguiar, Lorena Oliveira Silva, Acácio Duarte Pacheco, Lourdes Marina Bezerra Pessoa, Luís Eduardo Maggi, Soraia Figueiredo De Souza

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Veterinary physiatry is an area in need of further studies and a discipline in which the protocols used in the veterinary clinical routine are often extrapolated from studies in medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different types of thermotherapy and massage, through thermography, in promoting heating or cooling in the pelvic limb of healthy dogs. Five healthy adult dogs (male and female) of different breeds were subjected to 5 treatments: G1: massage without oil; G2: oil massage; G3: heating with a thermal bag at 43 ± 1 °C; G4: cryotherapy with ice pack; and G5: therapeutic ultrasound. …

The Curative Effects Of Dietary Yeast Beta-1,3/1,6-Glucan On Oxidative Stress And Apoptosis In Laying Quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) Exposed To Lead, İsmai̇l Seven, Pinar Tatli Seven, Seda İflazoğlu Mutlu, Gözde Arkali, Nurgül Bi̇rben, Aslihan Sur Arslan, Mesut Aksakal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementation of beta-glucan to the basal diet of laying quails exposed to lead (Pb) toxicity. A total of 112 birds were randomly divided into 4 groups. The first group was fed a corn-soybean based basal diet without any supplementation (control). The second (Pb) and third (beta-glucan) groups were supplemented with 100 mg/kg of Pb (as Pb acetate) and 100 mg/kg of beta-glucan, respectively. The fourth group (Pb + beta-glucan) was fed a basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg of Pb and 100 mg/kg of beta-glucan. It was determined that …

Effect Of Rice Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles And Rice Gluten Meal Along With Enzyme Supplementation On The Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization, Production Efficiency, And Cost Economics Of Broiler Chicken Production, Om Prakash Dinani, Pramod Kumar Tyagi, Nasir Akbar Mir, Asit Baran Mandal, Divya Sharma, Rokade Jaydip Jaywant

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding rice distillers dried grains with solubles (rDDGS) and rice gluten meal (RGM) combination with enzyme supplementation on the production performance of broiler chickens. The experimental diets consisted of the following: T1 (no rDDGS/RGM/enzyme), T2 (no rDDGS/RGM, multienzyme), T3 (12.5% rDDGS, 15.0% RGM, no enzyme), T4 (12.5% rDDGS, 15.0% RGM, protease enzyme), T5 (10.0% rDDGS, 12.5% RGM, no enzyme), and T6 (10.0% rDDGS, 12.5% RGM, protease enzyme). Each treatment was assigned 6 replicate groups of birds randomly with 8 birds in each group (48 birds/ treatment). The results revealed the poor …

A Micromorphometric Study On The Common Bile Duct And Major Duodenal Papilla Of Thedomestic Swine, Ivaylo Stefanov Stefanov

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the current study was to perform a comparative micromorphometric study on the thickness of mucosa, fibromuscular layer, glandular zone, serosa, and subserous layer, as well as of the entire wall of extra- and intramural parts of the porcine common bile duct in immature and mature animals. This micromorphometric study also evaluated the height and width of the lining epithelium, glandular epithelium, and goblet cells in 2-month, 6-month, and 3-year old male pigs. It was found that significant age-dependent differences in the studied parameters exist. Some differences in the studied parameters were also detected between different parts of …

Assessment Of Blood Metabolites, Serum Enzymes, And Serum Minerals In Dietaryprobiotics Fed Captive Asian Elephants, Dharmendra Chharang, Sheela Choudhary, Lenin Bhatt

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was organised to evaluate the effect of supplementation of dietary probiotics on blood biochemistry in 18 captive Asian elephants of 30-62 years age and 3495 ± 133.34 kg body weight (BW) for two months. To observe the results in different groups, i.e. control with no probiotic (T$_{1}$) and the other two with probiotics which contained 1 × 10$^{9}$ CFU/g concentrate of Lactobacillus acidophilus (T$_{2}$) and 1 × 10$^{9}$ CFU/g concentrate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (T$_{3}$), they were given 50 kg BW/day (dose range 48-89 g per day/elephant). The elephants were randomly divided into three groups with six elephants each. …

Gross Anatomy And Mineralization Of Larynx, Trachea And Syrinx In Gray Heron(Ardea Cinerea), Şükrü Hakan Atalgin, Mehmet Can, Soner Bekmezci̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aims to determine the normal anatomical features of the larynx, trachea, and syrinx of the heron birds and to identify the cartilage and mineralized areas with red Alcian blue staining. Three adult heron birds' larynx, trachea, and syrinx were used as materials in the study. Sex of the birds was neglected. With the staining of alizarin red Alcian blue, cartilage tissues were blue, and mineralized areas with calcium accumulation were red. In the macroscopic examination, mons laryngealis was seen on the caudal side of the tongue on the larynx under a stereomicroscope. It was observed that there was …

Effects Of Colemanite, Ulexite, And Etibor-48 On Rumen Development Of Akkaraman Lambs, Betül Zehra Sariçi̇çek, Bi̇rgül Yildirim

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the effect of addition colemanite, ulexite, and etibor-48 to diet including low Ca and P on the rumen development of Akkaraman lambs. Five treatment groups were consisted of standard Ca and P content (S), low Ca and P content (L), colemanite additive (C), ulexite additive (U), and etibor-48 additive (E) groups. Fifty Akkaraman male lamb weaned at 2.5 months old were used. Lambs were distributed to individual cages with 10 heads in each group; at the end of 90 days, 6 animals from each group were slaughtered and volumetric development of rumen and …

Mortality In Some Domesticated Pigeons (Columba Livia) From Jammu, India, Syed Mehmood, Nawab Nashiruddullah, Jafrin Ara Ahmed

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Although pigeons are reared for recreational purposes in Jammu region, disease occurrence is sparsely documented. Based on clinical signs, lesions and laboratory investigation, approximately 600 out of 4000 (15%) domestic pigeons were found to be disease affected. Necropsy of 60 birds was conducted to determine the cause of death. Haemoproteus columbae demonstrated within erythrocytes and various development stages in tissue and endothelial schizogony caused majority deaths due to pneumonia and hepatitis (45%) accompanied by severe vascular and tissue reaction. Newcastle disease (20%) confirmed by positive serum haemagglutination inhibition manifested in a severe neurological form with characteristic cerebral malacia and demyelination. …

Investigation Of G1 (C.260g>A) Polymorphism In Exon 1 Of Gdf9 Gene In Turkish Sheepbreed Karayaka, Koray Kirikçi, Mehmet Aki̇f Çam, Levent Mercan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

GDF9 is an essential gene for normal follicular development and prolificacy in sheep. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic polymorphism and G1 mutation of GDF9 gene exon 1 in 100 Karayaka ewes, belonging to four subpopulations in the Black Sea Region provinces of Turkey. Based on DNA sequence results, two alleles (A and G) and two genotypes (GG and GA) were determined with the restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR-amplified fragments (PCR-RFLP) method. The frequencies of mutant (A) and wild-type (G) alleles were detected as 0.10 and 0.90. The frequencies of GG and GA genotypes …

The Prevalence Of Seven Crucial Honeybee Viruses Using Multiplex Rt-Pcr And Theirphylogenetic Analysis, Abdurrahman Anil Çağirgan, Zafer Yazici

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Honey bee viruses may be of severe adverse effect on bee colonies. Till now, more than twenty honey bee viruses have been identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of seven honey bee viruses, namely Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), deformed wing virus (DWV), sacbrood virus (SBV), acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV), and chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) using a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR). A total of 111 apiaries were randomly selected and adult bees and larvae samples were obtained from seemingly healthy colonies …