Mesoscale Effects On Carbon Export: A Global Perspective,
2018
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Mesoscale Effects On Carbon Export: A Global Perspective, Cheryl S. Harrison, Matthew C. Long, Nicole S. Lovenduski, Jefferson K. Moore
School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications
Carbon export from the surface to the deep ocean is a primary control on global carbon budgets and is mediated by plankton that are sensitive to physical forcing. Earth system models generally do not resolve ocean mesoscale circulation ((10–100) km), scales that strongly affect transport of nutrients and plankton. The role of mesoscale circulation in modulating export is evaluated by comparing global ocean simulations conducted at 1∘ and 0.1∘ horizontal resolution. Mesoscale resolution produces a small reduction in globally integrated export production (<2%); however, the impact on local export production can be large (±50%), with compensating effects in different ocean basins. With mesoscale resolution, improved representation of coastal jets block off-shelf transport, leading to lower export in regions where shelf-derived nutrients fuel production. Export is further reduced in these regions by resolution of mesoscale turbulence, which restricts the spatial area of production. Maximum mixed layer depths are narrower and deeper across the Subantarctic at higher resolution, driving locally stronger nutrient entrainment and enhanced summer export production. In energetic regions with seasonal blooms, such as the Subantarctic and North Pacific, internally generated mesoscale variability drives substantial interannual variation in local export production. These results suggest that biogeochemical tracer dynamics show different sensitivities to transport biases than temperature and salinity, which should be considered in the formulation and validation of physical parameterizations. Efforts to compare estimates of export production from observations and models should account for large variability in space and time expected for regions strongly affected by mesoscale circulation.
Interactive Effects Of Hypoxia And Pcb Co-Exposure On Expression Of Cyp1a And Its Potential Regulators In Atlantic Croaker Liver,
2018
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Interactive Effects Of Hypoxia And Pcb Co-Exposure On Expression Of Cyp1a And Its Potential Regulators In Atlantic Croaker Liver, Md. Saydur Rahman, Peter Thomas
School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications
Although marine and coastal environments which are contaminated with xenobiotic organic compounds often become hypoxic during the summer, the interactive effects of hypoxia and xenobiotic exposure on marine species such as teleost fishes remain poorly understood. The expression and activity of monooxygenase enzyme cytochrome P450-1A (CYP1A) in fishes are upregulated by exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), whereas they are down-regulated during hypoxia exposure. We investigated the interactive effects of hypoxia and PCB co-exposure on hepatic CYP1A expression in Atlantic croaker and on potential regulators of CYP1A. Croaker were exposed to hypoxia (1.7 mg/L dissolved oxygen), 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 77, dose: 2 …
Use Of The Sea Hare (Aplysia Fasciata) In Marine Pollution Biomonitoring Of Harbors And Bays,
2018
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Use Of The Sea Hare (Aplysia Fasciata) In Marine Pollution Biomonitoring Of Harbors And Bays, Frank J. Dirrigl, Zachariah Badaoui, Carlos Tamez, Christopher Vitek, Jason Parsons
School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)
Our study evaluated heavy metal concentrations in soft tissues of sea hare, Aplysia fasciata, from the Lower Laguna Madre, Texas. Heavy metals in tissues followed Se > As > Pb > Cd. Concentrations ranged As (BDL-28.08), Cd (BDL-5.50), Pb (BDL-12.85) and Se (4.25-93.43 ppm). Median As, Cd, Pb, and Se tissue levels exceeded exposure levels. Significant relationships occurred in metal-metal (As-Cd, As-Pb, Cd-Pb, Cd-Se, and Pb-Se), metal-tissue (significant Se uptake by inhalant and exhalant siphons and As in the hepatopancreas), and metal-metal within tissue (As-Pb in the hepatopancreas and Cd-Pb in the digestive cecum) analyses (p
The Effect Of Hypoxia On The Nervous System Of Aplysia Californica,
2018
University of Miami
The Effect Of Hypoxia On The Nervous System Of Aplysia Californica, Victor Escalona, Lynne Annette Fieber, Joseph Serafy
2018 Entries
The intertidal zone of California’s Pacific coast is home to the marine snail known as Aplysia californica, an organism that has found use as a model in experiments focused on understanding the basis of learning and memory. Its simple nervous system consisting of easily identifiable neurons, its life span of a year, and a readily-accessed aquacultured source from the National Resource for Aplysia make it an excellent model for ontogenetic, neural, and behavioral studies. Here, however, the focus was on strategies this species uses to survive in an environment rife with risks of hypoxia and desiccation during the tidal …
Descriptive Density Models Of Scyphozoan Jellyfish In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico,
2018
University of Southern Mississippi
Descriptive Density Models Of Scyphozoan Jellyfish In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Katrina T. Aleksa, Redwood W. Nero, Jerry D. Wiggert, William M. Graham
Faculty Publications
Jellyfish play an important role in the food web of many coastal environments but are generally considered a nuisance to scientific fieldwork and industrial and economic trades. A better understanding of how jellyfish densities and distributions are affected by environmental parameters could elucidate population trends and provide assistance in ecological research and undesirable human interactions. In this study, abundance data for scyphozoan medusae, Chrysaora sp. and Aurelia spp., were extracted from Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program trawling surveys for the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM) during the summer and fall months. Both in situ and satellite oceanographic measurements were …
The Influence Of River Discharge On Fishes And Invertebrates Associated With Small Oil And Gas Platforms In Nearshore Louisiana,
2018
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
The Influence Of River Discharge On Fishes And Invertebrates Associated With Small Oil And Gas Platforms In Nearshore Louisiana, David Bradley Reeves
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The nearshore region off Louisiana’s coast is one of the most productive areas in the United States. Nutrient-rich discharge from the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers forms the base of this productivity, but it also contributes to the annual formation of a large hypoxic zone (DO < 2.0 mg l-1). This region contains >900 oil and gas platforms (platforms) that are de facto artificial reefs and support fish and invertebrate communities. In this dissertation, I examined how select platform-associated fishes and invertebrates responded to river-driven productivity and hypoxia. Settlement plates were used to compare barnacle production at depths of 2 and 7-m along …
Killi-Data News (Winter),
2018
Northwestern College, Iowa
Killi-Data News (Winter), Tyrone Genade
Killifish Research Review
Valued readers, it is with a heavy heart that I inform you that this is the last issue of Killi-Data News. The good news is that we will be back as Killifish Research Review. The dissolution of Killi-Data International created a prob- lem: how can the newsletter of a defunct organization live on without that organization? But other additional problems were building in the background. The first issue numbered 15 pages. The previous issue was 28 pages. The number of killifish related papers is increasing while time on our end (the editorial team) is running out. It takes a lot …
Killi-Data News (Fall),
2018
Northwestern College, Iowa
Killi-Data News (Fall), Tyrone Genade
Killifish Research Review
Many interesting papers have been published over the last three months. The large volume of papers coupled with the start of the new college semester (and the workload it brings) delayed this issue of Killi-Data News. But better late than never—or so I hope! In this issue Richard van der Laan provides an insightful review of the recent Aphanius papers as to their taxonomic implications and questions. The systematic issues he raises show the importance of the Molecular project: we need to get more samples of the various cyprinodontiforme families to resolve unsettled systematic and taxonomic issues. In the Next …
Killi-Data News (Summer),
2018
Northwestern College, Iowa
Killi-Data News (Summer), Tyrone Genade
Killifish Research Review
Over the last three months several interesting and exciting pa- pers have been published. By now most of you have heard the Nothobranchius fish poo news emanating from the Valenzano lab. That paper is reviewed and certainly has repercussions for the health of our captive fish. Polaçik et al have published interesting data with ramifications as to how we breed and incubate annual killifish. The big news in this issue is the paper from the Reznick lab which Jean Huber reviews. The contents of that paper goes to the heart of the question of just what a killifish is. The …
Killi-Data News (Spring),
2018
Northwestern College, Iowa
Killi-Data News (Spring), Tyrone Genade
Killifish Research Review
This is the start of Killi-Data News’ second year. In this first issue of the year we have the usual review of research pub- lications as well as input from Martin Reichard on his lab’s Nothobranchius research. Martin is responding to my reviews of his lab’s work in the previous edition. I am serious about making sure the content in this newsletter is reliable but I erred in the previous edition and Martin has written extensively to correct my mistake in the section “Erratum”. This reply is welcomed and owed to readers. I must confess that I don’t know everything …
Killi-Data News (Winter),
2018
Northwestern College, Iowa
Killi-Data News (Winter), Tyrone Genade
Killifish Research Review
This is the fourth edition, and concluding issue of the first volume, of Killi-Data News and I am happy that it has been well received by readers. At 25 pages this issue is a bit thin- ner than the last but this is because we agreed to make the cut-off for submissions the 1 st of December so we could get this edition out by the New Year. This is an exciting edition full of new species descrip- tions and analyses that will keep taxonomists busy for years to come. Costa has given us two molecular phylogenies on Melanorivulus as …
Killi-Data News (Spring),
2018
Northwestern College, Iowa
Killi-Data News (Spring), Tyrone Genade
Killifish Research Review
This is the start of Killi-Data News’ second year. In this first issue of the year we have the usual review of research pub- lications as well as input from Martin Reichard on his lab’s Nothobranchius research. Martin is responding to my reviews of his lab’s work in the previous edition. I am serious about making sure the content in this newsletter is reliable but I erred in the previous edition and Martin has written extensively to correct my mistake in the section “Erratum”. This reply is welcomed and owed to readers. I must confess that I don’t know everything …
Alluvial Substrate Mapping By Automated Texture Segmentation Of Recreational-Grade Side Scan Sonar Imagery,
2018
Utah State University
Alluvial Substrate Mapping By Automated Texture Segmentation Of Recreational-Grade Side Scan Sonar Imagery, Daniel Hamill, Daniel Buscombe, Joseph Michael Wheaton
Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications
Side scan sonar in low-cost ‘fishfinder’ systems has become popular in aquatic ecology and sedimentology for imaging submerged riverbed sediment at coverages and resolutions sufficient to relate bed texture to grain-size. Traditional methods to map bed texture (i.e. physical samples) are relatively high-cost and low spatial coverage compared to sonar, which can continuously image several kilometers of channel in a few hours. Towards a goal of automating the classification of bed habitat features, we investigate relationships between substrates and statistical descriptors of bed textures in side scan sonar echograms of alluvial deposits. We develop a method for automated segmentation of …
Variable Utilization Of Shelf Break-Associated Habitats By Chick-Brooding Rhinoceros Auklets In The California Current System,
2018
San Jose State University
Variable Utilization Of Shelf Break-Associated Habitats By Chick-Brooding Rhinoceros Auklets In The California Current System, Bradley Wilkinson, Jaime Jahncke, Pete Warzybok, Russell Bradley, Scott A. Shaffer
Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences
Identifying frequently complex and dynamic spatial distributions of marine predators via the modeling of at-sea observations can be inherently challenging, especially when attempting to predict habitats of specific populations. Remotely-sensed tracking devices provide a viable alternative way to gather this information. We collected fine-scale spatiotemporal movement data for a small seabird, the rhinoceros auklet Cerorhinca monocerata, in the California Current System. Chick-brooding adults nesting on Southeast Farallon Island were outfitted with GPS loggers during the 2015 and 2016 breeding seasons (n = 15). Along with basic movement parameters, kernel density and residence time analyses were conducted to characterize at-sea distribution …
Dataset For: Tracking An Oil Tanker Collision And Spilled Oils In The East China Sea Using Multisensor Day And Night Satellite Imagery,
2018
University of South Florida
Dataset For: Tracking An Oil Tanker Collision And Spilled Oils In The East China Sea Using Multisensor Day And Night Satellite Imagery, Shaojie Sun
C-IMAGE data
In this dataset, we used a multi-sensor day and night satellite approach to track the SANCHI oil tanker collision and oil spill event in January 2018 in the East China Sea. The drifted on fire oil tanker was tracked by Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Nightfire product and Day/Night Band (DNB) imagery. Such pathway and locations were also reproduced with a numerical model, with RMS error of < 15 km. MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) optical imagery during daytime shows smokes on 13 January 2018, further confirms the drifted tanker location. MSI imagery after 4 days of the tanker’s sinking (18 January 2018) reveals oil on the ocean surface to the east and northeast of the tanker sinking location. This combination of all available remote sensing and modeling techniques can provide effective means to monitor marine accidents and oil spills to assist event response.
Dispersant Enhances Hydrocarbon Degradation And Alters The Structure Of Metabolically Active Microbial Communities In Shallow Seawater From The Northeastern Gulf Of Mexico,
2018
University of South Florida
Dispersant Enhances Hydrocarbon Degradation And Alters The Structure Of Metabolically Active Microbial Communities In Shallow Seawater From The Northeastern Gulf Of Mexico, Lena Chu, Elisa Mercando, Roger C. Prince, Isabel C. Romero, David Hollander
C-IMAGE data
The seawater samples were collected from Pensacola Beach, FL in June and August, 2016. The seawater was incubated with low concentration of oil (2ppm) with or without dispersant. Oil analysis and sequencing data were generated.
Legacy Contaminants In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Shelf,
2018
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Legacy Contaminants In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Shelf, Jessica N. Landry
LSU Master's Theses
The Mississippi River watershed is the third largest in the world and drains from 31 states in the United States. Due to its route through the U.S., it passes through hundreds of EPA labeled Superfund sites as well as agricultural and suburban watersheds. These sites are known to have historical chemical contamination, and as a result chemicals can be transported by runoff down the Mississippi River into the Gulf of Mexico where their ultimate fate is unknown. Organochlorine chemicals are known to be persistent and are found in agricultural land as well as US EPA Superfund sites, especially DDT, PCBs, …
P-46 A Periodic Matrix Model Of Seabird Behavior And Population Dynamics,
2018
Andrews University
P-46 A Periodic Matrix Model Of Seabird Behavior And Population Dynamics, Mykhaylo M. Malakhov, Benjamin Macdonald, Shandelle M. Henson, J. M. Cushing
Honors Scholars & Undergraduate Research Poster Symposium Programs
Rising sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the Pacific Northwest lead to food resource reductions for surface-feeding seabirds, and have been correlated with several marked behavioral changes. Namely, higher SSTs are associated with increased egg cannibalism and egg-laying synchrony in the colony. We study the long-term effects of climate change on population dynamics and survival by considering a simplified, cross-season model that incorporates both of these behaviors in addition to density-dependent and environmental effects. We show that cannibalism can lead to backward bifurcations and strong Allee effects, allowing the population to survive at lower resource levels than would be possible otherwise.
Microbiome And Bacterioplankton Rrna Gene Sequence Data Collected From Gulf Of Mexico Seawater Samples, Cruises Dp03 And Dp04 From April - August 2016,
2018
Nova Southeastern University
Microbiome And Bacterioplankton Rrna Gene Sequence Data Collected From Gulf Of Mexico Seawater Samples, Cruises Dp03 And Dp04 From April - August 2016, Cole Easson, Lindsey Freed
DEEPEND Datasets
Seawater was collected and filtered for microbiome and bacterioplankton sequencing and analyses at various depths during planned DEEPEND cruise expeditions to the GOM in 2016. Filters were stored and then processed for total environmental genomic DNA according to standard methods (see earthmicrobiome.org). 16S rRNA amplicon libraries covering the V4 hypervariable regions were generated with universal PCR primers and then sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq DNA sequencing platform. Raw paired-end sequences were joined and quality filtered in the bioinformatics program, QIIME. Vertical baseline characterizations will track alpha and beta diversity at different depths ranging from 0 – 1500 m, assess seasonal …
Evaluation Of Diet Matrix Uncertainty For The Atlantis Model,
2018
University of South Florida
Evaluation Of Diet Matrix Uncertainty For The Atlantis Model, Cameron Ainsworth
C-IMAGE data
We conducted 1000 Atlantis simulations, using permutated diet matrices created by drawing from a beta distribution that represented uncertainty in predator diet. We also employed a statistical emulator which simulates the production of many more Atlantis runs than could be achieved through numerical simulation. This dataset includes 3 products: statistical emulator output, diet matrices, and Atlantis simulations. These are each contained in their own zip file.
