Role Of A Gamma-Aminobutryic Acid (Gaba) Receptor
Mutation In The Evolution And Spread Of Diabrotica
Virgifera Virgifera Resistance To Cyclodiene Insecticides,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Role Of A Gamma-Aminobutryic Acid (Gaba) Receptor Mutation In The Evolution And Spread Of Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Resistance To Cyclodiene Insecticides, H. Wang, B. S. Coates, H. Chen, T. W. Sappington, T. Guillemaud, B. D. Siegfried
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, is a damaging pest of cultivated corn that was controlled by applications of cyclodiene insecticides from the late 1940s until resistance evolved ~10 years later. Range expansion from the western plains into eastern USA coincides with resistance development. An alanine to serine amino acid substitution within the Rdl subunit of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor confers resistance to cyclodiene insecticides in many species. We found that the nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G/T at the GABA receptor cDNA position 838 (G/T838) of D. v. virgifera resulted in the alanine to …
Inheritance Of Cry1f Resistance, Crossresistance
And Frequency Of Resistant
Alleles In Spodoptera Frugiperda
(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae),
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Inheritance Of Cry1f Resistance, Crossresistance And Frequency Of Resistant Alleles In Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), A. M. Vélez, T. A. Spencer, A. P. Alves, D. Moellenbeck, R. L. Meagher, H. Chirakkal, B. D. Siegfried
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Transgenic maize, Zea maize L., expressing the Cry1F protein from Bacillus thuringiensis has been registered for Spodoptera frugiperda ( J. E. Smith) control since 2003. Unexpected damage to Cry1F maize was reported in 2006 in Puerto Rico and Cry1F resistance in S. frugiperda was documented. The inheritance of Cry1F resistance was characterized in a S. frugiperda resistant strain originating from Puerto Rico, which displayed >289-fold resistance to purified Cry1F. Concentration–response bioassays of reciprocal crosses of resistant and susceptible parental populations indicated that resistance is recessive and autosomal. Bioassays of the backcross of the F1 generation crossed with the resistant parental …
Colony Genetic Structure Of Reticulitermes Flavipes (Kollar)
From Natural Populations In Nebraska,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Colony Genetic Structure Of Reticulitermes Flavipes (Kollar) From Natural Populations In Nebraska, Abdul Hafiz Ab Majid, Shripat T. Kamble, Nicholas J. Miller
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Genetic markers are a powerful tool to investigate the breeding structure and population genetics of subterranean termites. In this study, 1 0 - 2 0 subterranean termite workers, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) were collected from colonies at 8 sites, separated by at least 200 m. Ten workers from each site were genotyped at 7 microsatellite loci. The data revealed that all 7 microsatellites were polymorphic with up to 6 alleles per locus. The frequency of most the common allele ranged from 0.11 - 0.60. Observed patterns of genetic variation within colonies revealed that most were the result of fusions of multiple …
Genetic Diversity And Relatedness Of The Mangrove
Rhizophora Mangle L. (Rhizophoraceae) Using Amplified
Fragment Polymorphism (Aflp) Among Locations In Florida,
Usa And The Caribbean,
2013
University of Nebraska at Kearney
Genetic Diversity And Relatedness Of The Mangrove Rhizophora Mangle L. (Rhizophoraceae) Using Amplified Fragment Polymorphism (Aflp) Among Locations In Florida, Usa And The Caribbean, M. Albrecht, K. M. Kneeland, E. Lindroth, John E. Foster
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Rhizophora mangle L. is a widespread mangrove species in theWestern Hemisphere. Mangrove habitat loss and their importance to coastal and reef ecosystems make greater understanding of their genetic structure useful for conservation and management. An amplified fragment polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was performed on samples from Florida and the Caribbean to discover the genetic structure present. R. mangle had variable genetic diversity not related to latitude; P ranged 7 %–92 %. Some other factor, perhaps human impact, has caused low genetic diversity in some populations. Across Florida R. mangle populations varied in genetic diversity with less diversity (Gst=0.195) and …
Dna Barcode Of Thief Ant Complex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae),
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Dna Barcode Of Thief Ant Complex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Ralph B. Narain, Shripat T. Kamble, Thomas O. Powers, Timothy S. Harris
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
The thief ant, Solenopsis molesta (Say), a common nuisance species found throughout the United States is genetically related to red imported fire ants, S. invicta Buren. Therefore, its identification at the molecular level is very important. The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) barcoding, a recent technique was used to identify thief ant complex at species and subspecies levels using a short DNA sequence from the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) mitochondrial region. The DNA from thief ants collected from 9 states was extracted using Qiagen's Gentra PUREGENE® DNA Isolation Kit. The polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were run on the extracted DNA to …
Dietary Supplementation With Pollen Enhances Survival And Collembola Boosts Fitness Of A Web-Building Spider,
2013
University of Kentucky
Dietary Supplementation With Pollen Enhances Survival And Collembola Boosts Fitness Of A Web-Building Spider, Jason M. Schmidt, Julie A. Peterson, Jonathan Lundgren, James D. Harwood
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Uncertainties exist about the value of non-prey food for predators that are commonly food-limited, and the dietary conditions where non-prey foods are beneficial for carnivorous species. Prior studies show that large quantities of pollen grains are intercepted in the webs of web-building spiders. We examined the nutritional benefits of pollen as a non-prey food for a common ground-dwelling, sheet web-building spider, Mermessus fradeorum (Berland) (Araneae: Linyphiidae). These predators were provided diets of prey or no prey in the presence and absence of pollen. Treatment effects were quantified by measuring predator body nutrient composition, survival, body size, and offspring production. Per …
Bacillus Thuringiensis: Transgenic Crops,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Bacillus Thuringiensis: Transgenic Crops, Julie A. Peterson, John J. Obrycki, James D. Harwood
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops, genetically modified to express insecticidal toxins that target key pests of corn, cotton, rice, potato, and other crops, have been rapidly adopted and have become dominant fixtures in agroecosystems throughout the world. Due to the constitutive nature of Bt toxin expression, insecticidal proteins may be found in nearly all plant tissues, presenting multiple sources for Bt toxins to enter the environment, thus creating complex direct and indirect pathways for non-target organisms to be exposed to insecticidal proteins. The environmental impacts of Bt crops have been widely debated, although both benefits and risks do exist. Benefits of …
Taxonomy And Biogeography Of The New Caledonian Species Of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae),
2013
Ohio Wesleyan University
Taxonomy And Biogeography Of The New Caledonian Species Of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae), David M. Johnson, Jérôme Munzinger, Julie A. Peterson, Nancy A. Murray
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
A taxonomic review of the New Caledonian representatives of the pantropical tree genus Xylopia L. (Annonaceae) is presented based on museum study of 157 collections. Distinctions are clarified among the four endemic species, two of them previously undescribed in flower and two others described in the literature from only the type collections. A key and species descriptions are presented. Xylopia pancheri Baill., the most frequently collected species, occurs in maquis environments with ultramafic rocks in the central and southern regions of the island, as well as on the Ile des Pins. Xylopia vieillardii Baill. is widespread in low elevation humid …
Non Target Effect Of Cry1 Ab And Cry Ab X Cry3 Bb1 Bt Transgenic Maize On Orius Insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) Abundance,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Non Target Effect Of Cry1 Ab And Cry Ab X Cry3 Bb1 Bt Transgenic Maize On Orius Insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) Abundance, Santiago A. Palizada, Difabachew K. Belay, Bamphitlhi Tiroesele, Fatima Mustafa, Muhammad Ullah, Thomas Hunt, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, S. R. Skoda, Pete L. Clark, John E. Foster
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Non-target effects of Cry1Ab x CP4 EPSPS and Cry1Ab+Cry3Bb1×CP4 EPSPS Bt transgenic new maize hybrids on insidious flower bugs [Orius insidiosus (Say)] was studied in Nebraska (Mead, C lay Center, and Concord) during 2007 and 2008. The Bt effect was compared to CP4 EPSPS maize (isoline), conventional maize, and insecticide applications of permethrin (Pounce® 1.5G) and bifenthrin (Capture® 2EC) to control first and second generations of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), respectively. Yellow sticky cards, visual observations, and destructive samplings were used to evaluate O. insidiosus abundance. The yellow sticky card data in 2007 showed that O. insidiosus abundance was lower …
Inter- And Intraspecific Identification Of The Screwworm, Cochliomyia Hominivorax, Using Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna-Polymerase Chain Reaction, Steven R. Skoda, James L. Figarola, Saowaluck Pornkulwat, John E. Foster
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
The screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), is one of the most devastating arthropod pests of livestock in the Western Hemisphere. Early instars are very difficult to distinguish morphologically from several closely related blow fly species. Random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) markers were developed for identifying C. hominivorax from other wound inhabiting species. Forty decameric primers were screened; nine showed clear reproducible RAPD profiles suitable for distinguishing all life stages of C. hominivorax from 7 other species, including C. macellaria (Fabricius). The results from RAPD-PCR with field-collected samples of unknown first instars agreed with morphological identification that the …
Comparative Binding Of Cry1ab And Cry1f Bacillus Thuringiensis Toxins To Brush Border Membrane Proteins From Ostrinia Nubilalis, Ostrinia Furnacalis And Diatraea Saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Midgut Tissue,
2013
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
Comparative Binding Of Cry1ab And Cry1f Bacillus Thuringiensis Toxins To Brush Border Membrane Proteins From Ostrinia Nubilalis, Ostrinia Furnacalis And Diatraea Saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Midgut Tissue, Sek Yee Tan, Bonifacio F. Cayabyab, Edwin P. Alcantara, Fangneng Huang, Kanglai He, Kenneth Nickerson, Blair Siegfried
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
The European (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner) and Asian corn borers (Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée) are closely related and display similar sensitivity to Cry1 toxins. In this study, we compared the binding patterns of Cry1Ab and Cry1F toxins between both Ostrinia spp., as well as the expression of putative cadherin and aminopeptidase-N (APN)-like protein receptors. Additionally, cDNA sequences of these putative toxin receptors from both Ostrinia species were compared. Ligand blots for both species indicated a similar binding pattern for Cry1Ab with the strongest immunoreactive band at 260 kDa in both species. In addition, similar expression of the putative cadherin- and …
Female Mate Choice For Multimodal Courtship And The Importance Of The Signaling Background For Selection On Male Ornamentation,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Female Mate Choice For Multimodal Courtship And The Importance Of The Signaling Background For Selection On Male Ornamentation, Jay A. Stafstrom, Eileen A. Hebets
Eileen Hebets Publications
Conspicuous visual ornaments are frequently incorporated into complex courtship displays that integrate signal components from multiple sensory modalities. Mature male Schizocosa crassipes (Walckenaer, 1837) wolf spiders wave, arch, and tap their ornamented forelegs in a visual courtship display that simultaneously incorporates seismic components. To determine the importance of modality-specific signal components in female mate choice, we used a signal ablation design and compared the mating frequency of female-male pairs across signaling environments with manipulated modality-specific transmission properties. We found that the successful transmission of isolated visual or seismic signaling was sufficient for mating success; neither signaling modality was necessary. Additionally, …
Diversification Under Sexual Selection: The Relative Roles Of Mate Preference Strength And The Degree Of Divergence In Mate Preferences,
2013
University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
Diversification Under Sexual Selection: The Relative Roles Of Mate Preference Strength And The Degree Of Divergence In Mate Preferences, Rafael L. Rodríguez, Janette W. Boughman, David A. Gray, Eileen A. Hebets, Gerlinde Höbel, Laurel B. Symes
Eileen Hebets Publications
The contribution of sexual selection to diversification remains poorly understood after decades of research. This may be in part because studies have focused predominantly on the strength of sexual selection, which offers an incomplete view of selection regimes. By contrast, students of natural selection focus on environmental differences that help compare selection regimes across populations. To ask how this disparity in focus may affect the conclusions of evolutionary research, we relate the amount of diversification in mating displays to quantitative descriptions of the strength and the amount of divergence in mate preferences across a diverse set of case studies of …
Evaluation And Monitoring Of Ash (Fraxinus Spp.) Tolerant To Long-Term Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus Planipennis [Coleoptera: Buprestidae]) Exposure,
2013
Michigan Technological University
Evaluation And Monitoring Of Ash (Fraxinus Spp.) Tolerant To Long-Term Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus Planipennis [Coleoptera: Buprestidae]) Exposure, Kathryn G. Hietala
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
Invasive insects that successfully establish in introduced areas can significantly alter natural communities. These pests require specific establishment criteria (e.g. host suitability) that, when known, can help quantify potential damage to infested areas. Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis [Coleoptera: Buprestidae]) is an invasive phloem-feeding pest which is responsible for the death of millions of ash trees (Fraxinus spp. L.). Over 200 surviving ash trees were previously identified in the Huron-Clinton Metroparks located in southeast Michigan. Trees were assessed over a four year period and a hierarchical cluster analysis was performed on dieback, vigor, and presence of signs and …
Spiders,
2013
Utah State University
Spiders, Ryan S. Davis, Ricardo A. Ramirez
All Current Publications
Spiders are arachnids, a group that includes other 8-legged arthropods like ticks, mites, sun spiders, scorpions, and harvestmen (daddy longlegs). There are approximately 621 species of spiders known to occur in Utah (Allred and Kaston, 1983). Spiders are beneficial predators and the majority of them are harmless to humans.
Comparison Of Volatile Blends And Nucleotide Sequences Of Two Beauveria Bassiana Isolates Of Different Virulence And Repellency Towards The Termite Macrotermes Michealseni,
2013
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology Nairobi
Comparison Of Volatile Blends And Nucleotide Sequences Of Two Beauveria Bassiana Isolates Of Different Virulence And Repellency Towards The Termite Macrotermes Michealseni, D. M. Mburu, N. K. Maniania, A. Hassanali
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Isolates of the fungus Beauveria bassiana have different levels of virulence and repellency against the termite Macrotermes michaelseni. In the present study, we compared the volatile profiles and gene sequences of two isolates of the fungus with different levels of virulence and repellence to the termite. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analyses showed quantitative and qualitative differences in the composition of volatiles of the two isolates. The repellencies of synthetic blends of 10 prominent components that mimicked the volatiles of each of the two isolates were significantly different. Subtractive bioassays showed that the repellency of each isolate was due to synergistic effects …
Development Of A Gravid Trap For Collecting Live Malaria Vectors Anopheles Gambiae S.L,
2013
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)-Thomas Odhiambo Campus, Mbita, Kenya.
Development Of A Gravid Trap For Collecting Live Malaria Vectors Anopheles Gambiae S.L, Sisay Dugassa, Jenny M. Lindh, Florence Oyieke, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Steven W. Lindsay, Ulrike Fillinger
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
BACKGROUND: Effective malaria vector control targeting indoor host-seeking mosquitoes has resulted in fewer vectors entering houses in many areas of sub-Saharan Africa, with the proportion of vectors outdoors becoming more important in the transmission of this disease. This study aimed to develop a gravid trap for the outdoor collection of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. based on evaluation and modification of commercially available gravid traps. METHODS: Experiments were implemented in an 80 m(2) semi-field system where 200 gravid Anopheles gambiae s.s. were released nightly. The efficacy of the Box, CDC and Frommer updraft gravid traps was compared. The Box …
Comparison Of The Effects Of Extracts From Three Vitex Plant Species On Anopheles Gambiae S.S. (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae,
2013
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Comparison Of The Effects Of Extracts From Three Vitex Plant Species On Anopheles Gambiae S.S. (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae, Mokua G. Nyamoita, Innocent Ester, Mbwambo H. Zakaria, Lwande Wilber, Ochola J. Bwire, Hassanali Ahmed
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Acetone and methanol extracts of different parts of three Vitex species (leaves and stem bark of Vitex trifolia, leaves, stem bark and root bark of Vitex schiliebenii and stem and root bark of Vitex payos) were evaluated for their potential to control Anopheles gambiae Giles s.s. larvae (Diptera: Culicidae). The extracts gave different levels and rate of mortality of the larvae. Some (methanol extract of V. trifolia leaves, acetone extracts of stem bark and leaves of V. schiliebenii, acetone extract of root bark of V. payos) caused 100% mortality at 100ppm in 72h, with those of V. schiliebenii and V. …
First Record Of Calophya Schini (Hemiptera: Calophyidae) In Ethiopia And Kenya,
2013
University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
First Record Of Calophya Schini (Hemiptera: Calophyidae) In Ethiopia And Kenya, William A. Overholt, Robert S. Copeland, Susan E. Halbert
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
A South American leaf galling psyllid, Calophya schini Tuthill, has recently been discovered attacking the South American tree Schinus molle L. in Kenya and Ethiopia. This represents the first record of the psyllid in each country and the only record of C. schini in Africa outside of South Africa. In Kenya, the psyllid was parasitized by an unidentified tetrastichine (Eulophidae), probably of the genus Tamarixia, while in Ethiopia C. schini nymphs were heavily parasitized by an unidentified hymenopteran. Copyright © icipe 2013.
Occurrence, Diversity And Pattern Of Damage Of Oplostomus Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Honey Bee Pests In Kenya,
2013
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology Nairobi
Occurrence, Diversity And Pattern Of Damage Of Oplostomus Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Honey Bee Pests In Kenya, Ayuka T. Fombong, Fiona N. Mumoki, Elliud Muli, Daniel K. Masiga, Richard T. Arbogast, Peter E.A. Teal, Baldwyn Torto
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Several arthropod pests including the hive beetles Aethina tumida and Oplostomus haroldi and the ectoparasite Varroa destructor have recently been identified as associated with honey bee colonies in Kenya. Here, we report the first documentation of Oplostomus fuligineus in Kenya, a related scarab of O. haroldi, and distribution, diversity and pattern of damage of the two scarab species on honey bee colonies. Sequence analyses of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene revealed that there was sufficient sequence divergence to separate both Oplostomus beetles. The same molecular marker separated O. haroldi according to place of origin in Kenya. We further show from …
