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Full-Text Articles in Business

A Variation Of The Delone And Mclean Model For Collaborative Commerce Services: A Structural Equation Model, C. Christopher Lee, Pankaj Nagpal, Hyoun Sook Lim, Laura Dutil, Rebecca Lee, Youngseon Kim Jan 2021

A Variation Of The Delone And Mclean Model For Collaborative Commerce Services: A Structural Equation Model, C. Christopher Lee, Pankaj Nagpal, Hyoun Sook Lim, Laura Dutil, Rebecca Lee, Youngseon Kim

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This study intends to provide theory-driven empirical findings of the factors affecting users’ loyalty to a collaborative commerce platform provider and further suggests that the platform loyalty lead to future extended use of collaborative commerce services. DeLone and McLean model serves as a basic framework for this study. Our variation of the model tested the impact of perceived value, relationship quality, and service quality on platform loyalty, which would influence future extended use of collaboration commerce services. Our results confirm that perceived value and platform quality were the best predictors for platform loyalty, which in turn, had a positive influence …


An Ant-Based Intelligent Design For Future Self-Driving Commercial Car Service Strategy, Jian Denny Lin, Naveed Saleem, Vance Allen Etnyre, Gokhan Gercek, Nanfei Sun Jan 2021

An Ant-Based Intelligent Design For Future Self-Driving Commercial Car Service Strategy, Jian Denny Lin, Naveed Saleem, Vance Allen Etnyre, Gokhan Gercek, Nanfei Sun

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The technology of self-driving cars will inevitably change the industry of taxis and ride-sharing cars that provide important commercial ground transportation services to travelers, tourists and local residents. There is no doubt that new techniques, business models and strategies will be needed to follow the use of self-driving cars. This paper focuses on a forward-looking research topic that route commercial, vacant self-driving vehicles so that the values to both businesses and passengers are improved. Importance of solutions to the new problem is discussed. We also propose a novel design which simulates behaviors of ants in nature to the vehicles. The …


Wireless Mobile Phone Technology, Deregulation Policy, Competition And Economic Welfare In Nigeria’S Telecom Industry: An Analytic Model, Onochie J. Dieli Phd Jan 2021

Wireless Mobile Phone Technology, Deregulation Policy, Competition And Economic Welfare In Nigeria’S Telecom Industry: An Analytic Model, Onochie J. Dieli Phd

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This analytic model is about the Nigerian telecom industry’s structural change caused by the arrival of a new wireless mobile phone technology. Nigeria’s telecom industry transformed from natural monopoly to competitive market as a result of deregulation that occurred in 1999. Under the price regulation using underground or above the ground cable telephone lines, it could run only with the help of government subsidies. This study argues that the arrival of a new telecomm technology was the key to success of Nigeria’s deregulation of its telecom industry. An analysis of a simple microeconomic model shows that with the new wireless …


Overcoming Team Boundaries In Agile Software Development, Scarlet Rahy, Julian Bass Jan 2021

Overcoming Team Boundaries In Agile Software Development, Scarlet Rahy, Julian Bass

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Abstract: The usage of agile software development methods is increasing and so is the need for enhancing the collaboration between the different stakeholders. Thus, we chose to investigate the communication tools and challenges across the different boundaries and consequently deduce implications for practitioners. This research addresses inter-team communication by exploring the practitioners' perception on the different communication tools and the challenges faced at the three different boundaries, inter-team, team and customers, and geographically separated teams. We aim to enhance the productivity of software development through enhancing the communication between the different stakeholders. In this research, we use grounded theory approach …


What Leads Consumers To Spread Ewom For Food Ordering Apps?, Brinda Hansraj Sampat, Kali Charan Sabat Jan 2021

What Leads Consumers To Spread Ewom For Food Ordering Apps?, Brinda Hansraj Sampat, Kali Charan Sabat

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Restaurants are using innovative ways to engage with consumers using Food Ordering Apps (FOAs). The purpose of this article is to identify the influence of consumers’ eSatisfaction, perceived value, trust, and eLoyalty on eWOM for FOAs in India. The study also verifies if eWOM for FOAs varies based on age, gender, family size, order value, and online shopping experience. The research followed a multi-stage approach. In the first stage, an extensive literature review was conducted to identify the various factors that lead to eWOM. In the second stage, a survey was distributed among the FOA users. 375 responses were obtained. …


Blockchain Technology And Its Applications Across Multiple Domains: A Survey, Wajde Baiod, Janet Light, Aniket Mahanti Jan 2021

Blockchain Technology And Its Applications Across Multiple Domains: A Survey, Wajde Baiod, Janet Light, Aniket Mahanti

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Blockchain technology has become an active area of research and a technological option for many businesses and industrial communities. With its distributed, decentralized, and trustless nature, blockchain can provide businesses with new opportunities and benefits through increased efficiency, reduced costs, enhanced integrity and transparency, better security, and improved traceability. Although blockchain’s largest applications have been in the finance and banking sector, we now see experiments and proposed applications in different fields. This paper provides an overview of blockchain technology; it brings together all the key design features, characteristics, and benefits of blockchain that make it a superior and unique technology, …


Determining Critical Success Factors For Realizing Innovative It Solutions In Higher Education, Anton Meijer Jan 2021

Determining Critical Success Factors For Realizing Innovative It Solutions In Higher Education, Anton Meijer

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

There is much research on Critical Success Factors when implementing novel IT solutions in different industries and contexts. However, for the domain of higher education the amount of studies is limited. This is partially due to the fact that what is considered higher education is different across countries. Universities, Universities of Applied Science, Vocational Universities, Polytechnics and related (research) institutes both have similarities and differences. However, one commonality is that institutions in higher education are not sufficiently capable of supporting the development(s) and requirements of educational processes with adequate (innovative) IT. Therefore the purpose of this study is to determine …


Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 29 Issue 4 Jan 2021

Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 29 Issue 4

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

table of contents


Exploring Factors Influencing Adoption Of Blockchain In Accounting Applications Using Technology–Organization–Environment Framework, Sujata Seshadrinathan, Shalini Chandra Jan 2021

Exploring Factors Influencing Adoption Of Blockchain In Accounting Applications Using Technology–Organization–Environment Framework, Sujata Seshadrinathan, Shalini Chandra

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Blockchain is one of the most promising technological innovations of recent times, with the potential to change the very way information systems are used by the accounting function. It is however expected to be disruptive and yet to see high adoption rates. Identification of factors influencing the adoption is required to empower the accounting fraternity to harness the full potential of blockchains. This study is one of the first to inductively explore and develop an adoption model for blockchains as well as for accounting applications with theoretical groundings in the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, which has been extended with a variable …


Integrating Voice Over Ip Solution In Ipv6 And Ipv4 Networks To Increase Employee Productivity: A Case Study Of Cameroon Telecommunications (Camtel), North-West, Lottin Cyrille Marcel Malobe, Austin Oguejiofor Amaechi Jan 2021

Integrating Voice Over Ip Solution In Ipv6 And Ipv4 Networks To Increase Employee Productivity: A Case Study Of Cameroon Telecommunications (Camtel), North-West, Lottin Cyrille Marcel Malobe, Austin Oguejiofor Amaechi

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Telecommunications organizations have to follow the rapid innovation of technology if they want to face challenges raised by competition. The challenge to respond to the huge market demand of updated products and services from customers requires that the organization‘s working environment be equipped with tools and communication facilities that contribute to ameliorating productivity. Cameroon Telecommunications (Camtel) is facing a digital telephony and Internet Protocol strategic management challenge. Successful implementation cannot be achieved if the employees are still depending on the ageing public switched telephone network (PSTN) as their primary communication system, despite the frequent loss of dial tone experience in …


Trust And Closeness: A Mixed Method For Understanding The Relationship Of Social Network Users, Lei Yang, Xue Wang, Margaret Meiling Meiling Luo Jan 2021

Trust And Closeness: A Mixed Method For Understanding The Relationship Of Social Network Users, Lei Yang, Xue Wang, Margaret Meiling Meiling Luo

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Mutual trust among social networks users encourages positive communications, so it is critical to study trust in the context of online social networks. In this study, we built a model to calculate trust of social media users. Data was collected from Qzone (Tencent Technology Co., Ltd.), a SN service (also known as QQ) in China. We identified 150 QQ users and 3 friends from each of the users; data of these users were collected by Python program. The relationship between trust and closeness was constructed using an ordinary least squares regression model, and the factors that influence trust between social …


Conflict Resolution In A Multi-Level It-Enabled Outsourcing Network: A Structured Solution Approach, Shreekant Vijaykar, Mahesh Gupta Prof., Pradip Kumar Bhaumik Dr. Jan 2021

Conflict Resolution In A Multi-Level It-Enabled Outsourcing Network: A Structured Solution Approach, Shreekant Vijaykar, Mahesh Gupta Prof., Pradip Kumar Bhaumik Dr.

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Using the case study of an Indian Technology and Outsourcing Service Provider, SmartKey (real but renamed company), a technology vendor to a global healthcare provider, this paper analyses offshore outsourcing issues using IT-enabled services to gain deeper insights needed to understand the core conflict and propose a well-reasoned solution approach. Reasoning, the conscious thought process leading to a well-justified decision, is an important managerial skill required for making dynamic decisions, resolving conflicts, and thereby developing human resources. This paper explores Goldratt’s Evaporating Clouds (ECs) as a systematic approach to reasoning in particular, and as a system for developing human resource …


Digital Divide Of Perceptions, Usage, And Purchase Items In Japanese E-Payment Adoption, Michael E. Ellis, Moe Ota, Alexander N. Chen Jan 2021

Digital Divide Of Perceptions, Usage, And Purchase Items In Japanese E-Payment Adoption, Michael E. Ellis, Moe Ota, Alexander N. Chen

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The idea of a “digital divide” is a common issue in less developed countries but is also found in developed countries. We surveyed 151 Japanese to examine the effect of digital divide characteristics such as regional variations, age, and gender on the perception and behavior surrounding e-payments.

We find that regional difference affects Japanese perceptions, especially ease of use and trust, but not use. Also, older people are more like to use e-payment in terms of weekly frequency and amount of money spent than younger consumers. Japanese males, in general, have higher average scores in ease of use, importance of …


Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 30 Issue 2, 2021 Jan 2021

Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 30 Issue 2, 2021

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Table of Contents JITIM volume 30 issue 2


Overcoming The Downsides Of Personal Internet And Cell Phone Use In The Workplace: An Exploratory Empirical Analysis, Kaustav Misra, Michael D. Stackhouse, Arundhati Bagchi Misra, Gregory Berry Jan 2021

Overcoming The Downsides Of Personal Internet And Cell Phone Use In The Workplace: An Exploratory Empirical Analysis, Kaustav Misra, Michael D. Stackhouse, Arundhati Bagchi Misra, Gregory Berry

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The now taken-for-granted introduction of internet usage into the workplace changed the dynamics of work, productivity, and management, and this is now further complicated by the ubiquitous availability of personal cell phones, going beyond company supplied and (partially) controlled computers with internet connections. This paper studies the connection between internet and cell phone usage by employees and firm productivity. Using primary data collected via a self-reported survey, we conduct an empirical analysis utilizing information based on firm and industry characteristics. Results indicate that the level of non-work-related internet and cell phone usage is significantly associated with firm productivity. Some of …


Factors Affecting Students’ Satisfaction With Synchronous Online Instruction During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Xue Bai, Ephrem Eyob, Ade Ola, Serena Reese Jan 2021

Factors Affecting Students’ Satisfaction With Synchronous Online Instruction During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Xue Bai, Ephrem Eyob, Ade Ola, Serena Reese

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

A large number of institutions of higher learning at all levels transitioned hurriedly to remote and online learning in response to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. However, recent studies have concluded that university-level students prefer learning in face-to-face settings. This study seeks to understand the factors that are driving students’ rejection of remote and online learning options and to provide insight into future efforts to implement strategies and tools to mitigate these adverse factors. The results show factors that contribute the most to students’ perceived satisfaction in the remote instructional setting are less interaction during live lectures, more distractions, less …


A Data Driven Approach To Profile Potential Sars-Cov-2 Drug Interactions Using Tylerade, Robert P. Schumaker, Michael A. Veronin, Trevor Rohm, Matthew Boyett, Rohit R. Dixit Jan 2021

A Data Driven Approach To Profile Potential Sars-Cov-2 Drug Interactions Using Tylerade, Robert P. Schumaker, Michael A. Veronin, Trevor Rohm, Matthew Boyett, Rohit R. Dixit

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

We use a data driven approach on a cleaned adverse drug reaction database to determine the reaction severity of several covid-19 drug combinations currently under investigation. We further examine their safety for vulnerable populations such as individuals 65 years and older. Our key findings include 1. hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine are associated with increased adverse drug event severity versus other drug combinations already not recommended by NIH treatment guidelines, 2. hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin are associated with lower adverse drug event severity among older populations, 3. lopinavir/ritonavir had lower adverse reaction severity among toddlers and 4. the combination of azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab is safer than …


An Analysis Of Covid-19 Vaccine Allergic Reactions, Robert Schumaker, Michael Veronin, Trevor Rohm, Rohit Dixit, Shadi Aljawarneh, Juan Lara Jan 2021

An Analysis Of Covid-19 Vaccine Allergic Reactions, Robert Schumaker, Michael Veronin, Trevor Rohm, Rohit Dixit, Shadi Aljawarneh, Juan Lara

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

From our study, all three covid-19 vaccines have a similar proportion of adverse reaction reports in which the patient had a history of allergies. However, the proportion of life-threatening outcomes were lower for those with the Janssen vaccine (0.62% hospitalization rate for Janssen versus 2.59% for Pfizer and 0.60% death for Janssen versus 5.15% for Moderna). In terms of specific allergies, patients with *cillin or sulfa allergies had the most adverse reactions to covid-19 vaccines, however, Janssen again had the lowest percentage of reported deaths (1.39% for *cillin-related allergy deaths for Janssen versus 6.10% for Pfizer). In terms of patient …


The Soft Skills Business Demands Of The Chief Information Security Officer, Richard Smit, Jeroen Van Yperen Hagedoorn, Patric Versteeg, Pascal Ravesteijn Jan 2021

The Soft Skills Business Demands Of The Chief Information Security Officer, Richard Smit, Jeroen Van Yperen Hagedoorn, Patric Versteeg, Pascal Ravesteijn

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

While many researchers have investigated soft skills for different roles related to business, engineering, healthcare and others, the soft skills needed by the chief information security officer (CISO) in a leadership position are not studied in-depth. This paper describes a first study aimed at filling this gap.

In this multimethod research, both the business leaders perspective as well as an analysis of CISO job ads is studied. The methodology used to capture the business leaders perspective is via a Delphi study and the jobs adds are studied using a quantitative content analysis.

With an increasing threat to information security for …


Icts For Surveillance And Suppression: The Case Of The Indian Emergency 1975-1977, Ramesh Subramanian Jan 2021

Icts For Surveillance And Suppression: The Case Of The Indian Emergency 1975-1977, Ramesh Subramanian

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Information and Communications technologies (ICT) pervade society. The Internet, wireless communication, and social media are ubiquitous in and indispensable in society today. As they continue to grow and mushroom, there are new and increased calls from various segments of the society such as technologists, activists, sociologists, and legal experts, who issue warnings on the more nefarious and undesirable uses of ICTs, especially by governments. In fact, government control and surveillance using ICTs is not a new phenomenon. By looking at history, we are able to see several instances when ICTs have been used by governments to control, surveil, and infringe …


How Digital Leadership Competences And It Capabilities Affect An Organization's Ability To Digitally Transform And Adopt New Technologies, Melissa Brunner, Gabriel Gonzalez-Castañé, Pascal Ravesteijn Jan 2021

How Digital Leadership Competences And It Capabilities Affect An Organization's Ability To Digitally Transform And Adopt New Technologies, Melissa Brunner, Gabriel Gonzalez-Castañé, Pascal Ravesteijn

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Although much research has been done into the importance of IT Capabilities (ITC), Digital Leadership (DL) and Digital Transformation (DT) with regard to organizations’ firm performance and ability to thrive in the current digital market, there is little research on qualifying which specific ITC and DL competences affect the success of an organization's DT and ultimately impact their ability to adopt newly emerging technologies. This research aims to address the influence of DL and ITC on DT as well as which specific DL competences and ITC might ultimately affect an organization’s ability to successfully adopt newly emerging digital technologies. Quantitative …


Innovativeness To Enlarge Digital Readiness - How To Avoid Digital Inertia?, Paul Morsch Jan 2021

Innovativeness To Enlarge Digital Readiness - How To Avoid Digital Inertia?, Paul Morsch

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Technological developments go fast and are interrelated and multi-interpretable. As consumer needs change, the technological possibilities to meet those needs are constantly evolving and new technology providers introduce new disruptive business models. This makes it difficult to predict what the world of tomorrow will look like for an organization and that makes the risks for organizations substantial. In this context, it is difficult for organizations to determine what constitutes a good strategy to adopt digital developments.

This paper describes a first step of a study with the objective to design a method for organizations to formulate a future-proof strategy in …


Higher Education Advertising Expenditures’ Impact On The Key Performance Indicator Of New Enrollments Using Information Systems And Business Analytics, Alison Munsch Phd, Charles Cante Phd, Jason Diffenderfer Ma., M.S. Jan 2021

Higher Education Advertising Expenditures’ Impact On The Key Performance Indicator Of New Enrollments Using Information Systems And Business Analytics, Alison Munsch Phd, Charles Cante Phd, Jason Diffenderfer Ma., M.S.

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The impact of advertising expenditures on student enrollments has not been explored extensively in the literature. The higher education sector demonstrated an increase in paid advertising but soft overall higher education enrollments recently. This research explored the relationship between advertising expenditures in higher education and new enrollments using information systems and business analytics. Results indicate a weak association between advertising expenditures in higher education and the key performance indicator of new student enrollments. A contribution of this study is to the media planning function and users of information systems and analytic techniques for actionable insights.


Analyzing Social Media Implementation In Hospitals In The U.S. Midwest Region, Dalsang Chung, C. Christopher Lee, David Hwang Jan 2021

Analyzing Social Media Implementation In Hospitals In The U.S. Midwest Region, Dalsang Chung, C. Christopher Lee, David Hwang

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The purpose of this research is to explore to what scale hospitals are adopting social media and implementing it in accordance with hospital characteristics. We reviewed hospitals’ social media activities on social networking sites such Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube. We studied the 912 hospitals in the Midwest region reported in the 2015 American Hospital Association Annual Survey dataset. We reviewed each hospital’s social-networking page to understand the scale of social media adoption relative to the hospital’s characteristics such as bed count, state, ownership type (control), and specialty (service). We also considered whether the hospital is in a network and …


Exploring The Behavioral Intention To Use Collaborative Commerce: A Case Of Uber, C. Christopher Lee, Sinéad Ruane, Hyoun Sook Lim, Ruoquing Zhang, Heechang Shin Jan 2021

Exploring The Behavioral Intention To Use Collaborative Commerce: A Case Of Uber, C. Christopher Lee, Sinéad Ruane, Hyoun Sook Lim, Ruoquing Zhang, Heechang Shin

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The goal of our research study is to develop a hybrid instrument built on the revised Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) framework, which is reliable in predicting the behavioral intention to use the Uber ridesharing app. It focuses on extending the UTAUT2 in collaborative consumption, particularly from a consumer and ridesharing-app perspective. Our proposed framework, UTAUT-CC, preserves existing UTAUT2 constructs – performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social expectancy, and facilitating conditions. It also retains demographic moderating variables of age and gender, while maintaining some of the key integral relationships depicted in those models. We integrated three new …


Emotional Dissonance And Exhaustion Among Library Professionals During Covid-19, Mubashir Majid Baba Jan 2021

Emotional Dissonance And Exhaustion Among Library Professionals During Covid-19, Mubashir Majid Baba

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a dramatic impact on societies and economies around the world. The virus is affecting millions of lives worldwide, not only physically but also emotionally in the form of panic attacks, obsessional behavior, anxiety, stress and fear. Library professionals are also exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and are facing high levels of stress and anxiety. The aim of this exploratory study was to analyze the association between emotional dissonance and emotional exhaustion among library professionals during COVID-19 and to study the impact of demographics on the variables under study. The data collected were analyzed using …


Mapping The Knowledge Of Islamic Accounting Studies On Shariah Audit: A Bibliometric Analysis, Luqman Hakim Handoko, Sepky Mardian Jan 2021

Mapping The Knowledge Of Islamic Accounting Studies On Shariah Audit: A Bibliometric Analysis, Luqman Hakim Handoko, Sepky Mardian

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The issues of shariah audit appeared more than three decades ago along with the progress of the Islamic financial industries. But it is challenging to obtain a study explaining the current state of shariah audit research to date. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the research on the Shariah audit. Thus, this study aimed to analyze and visualize the current state of shariah audit using a bibliometric approach. The bibliometric analysis was conducted by using VOSviewer software. To fulfill this goal, the keywords such as shariah audit, shariah auditing, and its variations were searched from the Scopus database. The articles …


Psychometric Evaluation Of Knowledge Sharing Behavior Scale In Academic Environment, Ali Asghar, Muhammad Asif Naveed Jan 2021

Psychometric Evaluation Of Knowledge Sharing Behavior Scale In Academic Environment, Ali Asghar, Muhammad Asif Naveed

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Knowledge Sharing Behavior Scale (KSBS) using academicians at the University of Sargodha, Sargodha. The quantitative research design was adopted using a survey questionnaire to collect data from academicians. A 28-item KSBS was administered to 300 academicians, recruited through the convenient stratified process by visiting each department with permission. The researchers received 237 usable questionnaires indicating a response rate. The validity (e.g., construct validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity) and reliability (e.g., internal consistency measure Cronbach Alpha) of the instrument was examined using partial least square structural equation modeling with SmartPLS. The results …


Identify The Impact Of Different Parameters On National Institutional Ranking Framework (Nirf) Score In The Top 50 Ranking Management Institutes In India, Abhishek Kumar Dr., Santosh Kumar Dr., Ashish Kumar Chauhan Mr. Jan 2021

Identify The Impact Of Different Parameters On National Institutional Ranking Framework (Nirf) Score In The Top 50 Ranking Management Institutes In India, Abhishek Kumar Dr., Santosh Kumar Dr., Ashish Kumar Chauhan Mr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The present study identifies the relationship and impact between the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) Score in the top 50 management institutes and their different parameters like the number of student placement; research publication score and the amount used in the library development. Correlation and Simple Regression Analysis techniques are used for the data of analysis. In the year 2018-19, we found that significant positive impact of research publication score and the amount used in the library development on the NIRF Score in the top 50 management institutes. We also found a positive relationship between the NIRF Score and the …


On The Influence Of Incentive Mechanisms For China’S Current Mixed Ownership Reform On Corporate Performance, Hui Yong Ren Jan 2021

On The Influence Of Incentive Mechanisms For China’S Current Mixed Ownership Reform On Corporate Performance, Hui Yong Ren

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Since the Central Economic Work Conference set the mixed ownership reform as where China’s state-owned enterprises (SOE) can make breakthroughs on reforms in early 2017, enterprises at all levels, from central to local state-owned, have continuously introduced new measures and new deployments involving the reform. The mixed ownership reform (hereinafter referred to as the “mixed reform”) introduces flexible market response mechanisms and innovative management systems from private enterprises into state-owned enterprises to enhance the market awareness of state-owned enterprises, to increase their own competitiveness, vitality and creativity. It aims to build a system that conforms to modern corporate governance and …