Engineering Plasmonic Nanostructures For Light Management And Sensing,
2019
West Virginia University
Engineering Plasmonic Nanostructures For Light Management And Sensing, Sujan Phani Kumar Kasani
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The two major global problems are to provide health safety and to meet energy demands for ever growing population on a large scale. The study of light interaction with nanostructures has shown a promising solution in improving the fields of bio-sensor and solar energy devices which addresses above mentioned two major global problems. Nanostructures have tunable physicochemical properties such as light absorption, electrical and thermal properties unlike bulk materials, which gives an advantage in applications like bio-sensing and energy harvesting devices. The development of nanofabrication techniques along with the discovery of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and Plasmon Enhanced Fluorescence …
Constructions Of Noble Metal Nanocrystals With Specific Crystal Facets And High Surface Area,
2018
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials; Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamem University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China;College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China;
Constructions Of Noble Metal Nanocrystals With Specific Crystal Facets And High Surface Area, Qiao-Li Chen, Hui-Qi Li, Ya-Qi Jiang, Zhao-Xiong Xie
Journal of Electrochemistry
Noble metal nanocrystals (NCs) have widespread applications in catalysis. Their catalytic performances are strongly related to the surface structures while the atomic utilization efficiency of noble metal is considerably correlated with the surface area. Thus, advantages of both specific surface structure and large surface area are highly required to show off simultaneously so as to optimize the catalytic performance and decrease the usage of noble metal. However, it seems that the two advantages are incompatible with each other in one NC since it is difficult for small NCs to keep their specific facets, while NCs with specific surface structure usually …
The Pilot Application Of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy On Dynamic Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell,
2018
Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
The Pilot Application Of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy On Dynamic Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Jian-Wei Guo, Jian-Long Wang
Journal of Electrochemistry
By analyzing Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) in applications of dynamic proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), bottlenecks which restrict EIS tool development have been pointed out in this paper. Though the high-frequency resistance in EIS is largely accepted as cell inner-resistance, this can only be applied for cell with low current. The low-frequency resistance is difficult to be realized due to its relation with mass transfer. Furthermore, the improved Randles equivalent circuits are built up preliminarily, thus, penetrating into studies for mass transfer reaction, cell operation/degeneration, and high temperature fuel cell. Inspiringly, EIS is becoming an analyzing tool for stack …
Caging Porous Co-N-C Nanocomposites In 3d Graphene As Active And Aggregation-Resistant Electrocatalyst For Oxygen Reduction Reaction,
2018
State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering,Carbon Research Laboratory, Dalian University ofTechnology, Dalian 116024, China
Caging Porous Co-N-C Nanocomposites In 3d Graphene As Active And Aggregation-Resistant Electrocatalyst For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Lu-Yang Xiu, Meng-Zhou Yu, Peng-Ju Yang, Zhi-Yu Wang, Jie-Shan Qiu
Journal of Electrochemistry
Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the cornerstone reaction of many renewable energy technologies such as fuel cells and rechargeable metal-air batteries. The Pt-based electrocatalysts exhibit the highest activity toward ORR, but their large implementation is greatly prohibiting by unaffordable cost and inferior durability. During electrode manufacturing and electrochemical reaction, severe aggregation of catalyst nanoparticles induced by size effect further limits the operational performance of electrocatalysts. We report a new strategy for fabrication of active and aggregation-resistant ORR electrocatalyst by caging metal-organic frameworks derived Co-N-C nanocomposites in permeable and porous 3D graphene cages via sprayed drying the mixed colloids of ZIF-67 …
Fe-N Doped Hollow Carbon Nanospheres Linked By Carbon Nanotubes For Oxygen Reduction Reaction,
2018
Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
Fe-N Doped Hollow Carbon Nanospheres Linked By Carbon Nanotubes For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Ya-Lin Zhang, Chi Chen, Liang-Liang Zou, Zhi-Qing Zou, Hui Yang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The development of non-precious metal catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is essential for large-scale application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Herein, we present the in situ formed Fe-N doped hollow carbon nanospheres linked by carbon nanotubes composite, synthesized by using ZIF-8 as sacrificed template to form polydopamine (PDA) hollow nanospheres, followed by complexing with FeCl3, high temperature heat-treatment and NH3-etching. ZIF-8 was gradually decomposed simultaneously with PDA coating due to the loss of Zn2+ grabbed by PDA. NH3 etching resulted in the improved surface area, while the reducibility of NH3 resulted in …
Palladium Adatoms On Gold Nanoparticles As Electrocatalysts For Ethanol Electro-Oxidation In Alkaline Solutions,
2018
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, P.R. China;Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China;Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, P.R. China.;
Palladium Adatoms On Gold Nanoparticles As Electrocatalysts For Ethanol Electro-Oxidation In Alkaline Solutions, Hui-Mei Chen, Shang-Qian Zhu, Jia-Le Huang, Min-Hua Shao
Journal of Electrochemistry
Palladium (Pd) is a good catalyst for ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline solutions. The activity of Pd is further improved in this study by modifying the gold (Au) nanoparticles with Pd adatoms using a simple spontaneous deposition process. The Pd overlayer on the Au core (Au@Pd) is un-uniform with some Au atoms exposed to the electrolyte. The activity of Au@Pd/C toward ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) is much higher than that of Pd/C in an alkaline solution. The peak current density of Au@Pd/C is 4.6 times higher than that of Pd/C with a 100 mV lower onset potential. The enhanced activity may …
Facile Synthesis Of Pt-Cu Alloy Nanodendrites As High-Performance Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction,
2018
Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Power & Machinery Engineering;
Facile Synthesis Of Pt-Cu Alloy Nanodendrites As High-Performance Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Liu-Xuan Luo, Guang-Hua Wei, Shui-Yun Shen, Feng-Juan Zhu, Chang-Chun Ke, Xiao-Hui Yan, Jun-Liang Zhang
Journal of Electrochemistry
Structures and compositions have significant effects on the catalytic properties of nanomaterials. Herein, a facile etching-based method was employed to synthesize Pt-Cu nanodendrites (NDs) with uniform and homogeneous alloy structures for enhancing oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The formation of dendritic morphology was ascribed to the etching effect caused by the oxidative etchants of the Br-/O2 pair. The atomic ratio of Pt/Cu in Pt-Cu NDs could be easily tuned by altering the ratio of the Pt/Cu precursors, without deteriorating the dendritic morphology. The most active carbon-supported Pt1Cu1 NDs (Pt1Cu1 NDs/C) exhibited the …
Chemically Modified Monolayer Surfaces Influence Valvular Interstitial Cell Attachment And Differentiation For Heart Valve Tissue Engineering,
2018
University of New Mexico - Main Campus
Chemically Modified Monolayer Surfaces Influence Valvular Interstitial Cell Attachment And Differentiation For Heart Valve Tissue Engineering, Matthew N. Rush
Nanoscience and Microsystems ETDs
As a cell mediated-process, valvular heart disease (VHD) results in significant morbidity and mortality world-wide. In the US alone, valvular heart disease VHD is estimated to affect 2.5% of the population with a disproportionate impact on an increasing elderly populous. It is well understood that the primary driver for valvular calcification is the differentiation of valvular interstitial cells (VICs) into an osteoblastic-like phenotype. However, the factors leading to the onset of osteoblastic-like VICs (obVICs) and resulting calcification are not fully understood and a more complete characterization of VIC differentiation and phenotypic change is required before treatment of valve disease or …
Towards Engineering Advanced Nanomaterials: Elucidating Fundamental Particle Behavior In Water And Critical Sorption Dynamics,
2018
Washington University in St. Louis
Towards Engineering Advanced Nanomaterials: Elucidating Fundamental Particle Behavior In Water And Critical Sorption Dynamics, Changwoo Kim
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
As advanced nanomaterials, inorganic-organic nano composites have received great interest as potential platform (nano) structures for sensor, catalyst, sorbent, and environmental applications. Here, my Ph.D. research has focused on the design, synthesis, and characterization of advanced water-stable engineered metal-oxide nanoparticles functionalized by organic frames for environmental applications. For the environmental applications, I have evaluated particleoptimized sorption processes for the remediation and separation of arsenic, chromium, and uranium under environmentally relevant conditions. More specifically, I have explored the critical role of organic coating on sorption mechanisms and performances using engineered iron oxide -based, manganese oxide -based, and manganese ferrite -based (core) …
Preparation Of Cellulose Nanofibers From Bamboo Using Microwave Liquefaction,
2018
Louisiana State University
Preparation Of Cellulose Nanofibers From Bamboo Using Microwave Liquefaction, Jiulong Xie
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Cellulose nanofibers isolated from renewable lignocellulosic biomass are considered highly promising fillers in preparing sustainable composite materials. Although previous technologies on the production of cellulose nanofibers were encouraging, drawbacks such as chemical reagent, high energy consumption, time-consumption, and equipment degradation have limited these techniques for practical applications. In this work, bamboo particles were subjected to microwave liquefaction process and the liquefied bamboo residues were characterized to have a better understanding of the liquefaction behaviors of bamboo. Then, the microwave liquefaction process was optimized for the production of cellulose raw materials and the isolation of cellulose nanofibers. The lignin fraction fractionated …
Digital Plasmonic Holography,
2018
Bethel University
Digital Plasmonic Holography, Joseph W. Nelson, Greta R. Knefelkamp, Alexandre G. Brolo, Nathan C. Lindquist
Physics and Engineering Faculty Publications
We demonstrate digital plasmonic holography for direct in-plane imaging with propagating surface-plasmon waves. Imaging with surface plasmons suffers from the lack of simple in-plane lenses and mirrors. Lens-less digital holography techniques, however, rely on digitally decoding an interference pattern between a reference wave and an object wave. With far-field diffractive optics, this decoding scheme provides a full recording, i.e., a hologram, of the amplitude and phase of the object wave, giving three-dimensional information from a two-dimensional recording. For plasmonics, only a one-dimensional recording is needed, and both the phase and amplitude of the propagating plasmons can be extracted for high-resolution …
Novel Methods For The Crystallization Of Thin Film Silicon,
2018
University at Albany, State University of New York
Novel Methods For The Crystallization Of Thin Film Silicon, Shane Mcmahon
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Underpinning much of the technological innovation over the past few decades in the fields of sensors, lighting, displays, and energy conversion has been thin-film electronics. While many of the surfaces in our environment have curvature, silicon wafers do not. Flexible electronics attempt to overcome this fundamental limitation in form factor. Flexible thin-film transistors (TFTs) can be fabricated over large areas to provide switching and driving elements for displays and other devices. While printable organic semiconductors have made significant advances over the past few years, they cannot match the performance capability, electrical quality, temperature compatibility, or stability of silicon. For this …
Exploration Of Radiation Damage Mechanism In Mems Devices.,
2018
University of Louisville
Exploration Of Radiation Damage Mechanism In Mems Devices., Pranoy Deb Shuvra
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We explored UV, X-ray and proton radiation damage mechanisms in MEMS resonators. T-shaped MEMS resonators of different dimensions were used to investigate the effect of radiation. Radiation damage is observed in the form of resistance and resonance frequency shift of the device. The resistance change indicates a change in free carrier concentration and mobility, while the resonance frequency change indicates a change in mass and/or elastic constant. For 255nm UV radiation, we observed a persistent photoconductivity that lasts for about 60 hours after radiation is turned off. The resonance frequency also decreases 40-90 ppm during irradiation and slowly recovers at …
Low Temperature Desiccants In Atmospheric Water Generation.,
2018
University of Louisville
Low Temperature Desiccants In Atmospheric Water Generation., Sunil Gupta
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Surging global water demand as well as changes to weather patterns and over exploitation of natural water sources, such as ground water, has made potable water a critical resource in many parts of the World already – one rapidly heading towards a crisis situation. Desalination has been adopted as a solution – this is however energy intensive and impractical for most of the developing countries - those most in need of water. A renewable source of energy is solar thermal and solar photovoltaic. A plentiful source of water is the humidity in the atmosphere. This research is to push the …
Optimizing The Plasmonic Enhancement Of Light In Metallic Nanogap Structures For Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy,
2018
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Optimizing The Plasmonic Enhancement Of Light In Metallic Nanogap Structures For Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, Stephen Joseph Bauman
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Technology based on the interaction between light and matter has entered something of a renaissance over the past few decades due to improved control over the creation of nanoscale patterns. Tunable nanofabrication has benefitted optical sensing, by which light is used to detect the presence or quantity of various substances. Through methods such as Raman spectroscopy, the optical spectra of solid, liquid, or gaseous samples act as fingerprints which help identify a single type of molecule amongst a background of potentially many other chemicals. This technique therefore offers great benefit to applications such as biomedical sensors, airport security, industrial waste …
Improved Gas Sensing Performance Of Ald Azo 3-D Coated Zno Nanorods,
2018
Old Dominion University
Improved Gas Sensing Performance Of Ald Azo 3-D Coated Zno Nanorods, P. Lin, X. Chen, K. Zhang, H. Baumgart
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
This paper reports an enhancement on the sensing performance of ZnO nanorod ethanol sensors with a new approach by utilizing nested coatings of Aluminum doped ZnO (AZO) thin films by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) technology. ZnO nanorods were grown by the hydrothermal method with the ZnO seed layer synthesized on Silicon wafers by ALD. To enhance the sensing performance of ZnO nanorod ethanol sensors, multiple coated AZO thin film 3-D coatings were deposited on the surface of the intrinsic ZnO nanorods by ALD.To investigate the sensing performance of the ZnO nanorods sensor for the detection of ethanol vapor, a gas …
Quasi-Particle Band Structure And Excitonic Effects In One-Dimensional Atomic Chains,
2018
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Quasi-Particle Band Structure And Excitonic Effects In One-Dimensional Atomic Chains, Eesha Sanjay Andharia
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The high exciton binding energy in one dimensional (1D) nano-structures makes them prominent for optoelectronic device applications, making it relevant to theoretically investigate their electronic and optical properties. Many-body effects that are not captured by the conventional density functional theory (DFT) have a huge impact in such selenium and tellurium single helical atomic chains. This work goes one step beyond DFT to include the electron self-energy effects within the GW approximation to obtain a corrected quasi-particle electronic structure. Further, the Bethe-Salpeter equation was solved to obtain the absorption spectrum and to capture excitonic effects. Results were obtained using the Hyberstein-Louie …
Gesn Thin Film Epitaxy And Quantum Wells For Optoelectronic Devices,
2018
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Gesn Thin Film Epitaxy And Quantum Wells For Optoelectronic Devices, Perry Christian Grant
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Group IV photonics is an effort to generate viable infrared optoelectronic devices using group IV materials. Si-based optoelectronics have received monumental research since Si is the heart of the electronics industry propelling our data driven world. Silicon however, is an indirect material whose optical characteristics are poor compared to other III-IV semiconductors that make up the optoelectronics industry. There have been major efforts to integrate III-V materials onto Si substrates. Great progress on the integration of these III-V materials has occurred but incompatibility with CMOS processing has presented great difficulty in this process becoming a viable and cost-effective solution. Germanium …
Determining The Degree Of [001] Preferred Growth Of Ni(Oh)2 Nanoplates,
2018
Taiyuan University of Technology, China
Determining The Degree Of [001] Preferred Growth Of Ni(Oh)2 Nanoplates, Taotao Li, Ning Dang, Wanggang Zhang, Wei Liang, Fuqian Yang
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Determining the degree of preferred growth of low-dimensional materials is of practical importance for the improvement of the synthesis methods and applications of low-dimensional materials. In this work, three different methods are used to analyze the degree of preferred growth of the Ni(OH)2 nanoplates synthesized without the use of a complex anion. The results suggest that the preferred growth degree of the Ni(OH)2 nanoplates calculated by the March parameter and the expression given by Zolotoyabko, which are based on the analysis and texture refinement of the X-ray diffraction pattern, are in good accordance with the results measured by …
Characterization Of Nanomaterials For Thermal Management Of Electronics,
2018
Louisiana Tech University
Characterization Of Nanomaterials For Thermal Management Of Electronics, Amit Rai
Doctoral Dissertations
Recently, there has been a growing interest in flexible electronic devices as they are light, highly flexible, robust, and use less expensive substrate materials. Such devices are affected by thermal management issues that can reduce the device’s performance and reliability. Therefore, this work is focused on the study of the thermal properties of nanomaterials and the methods to address such issues. The goal is to enhance the effective thermal conductivity by adding nanomaterials to the polymer matrix or by structural modification of nanomaterials. The thermal conductivity of copper nanowire/polydimethylsiloxane and copper nanowire/polyurethane composites were measured and showed more than threefold …
