Engineering Science and Materials Commons^™

Online Parameter Estimation Under Non-Persistent Excitations For High-Rate Dynamic Systems, Jin Yan, Simon Laflamme, Jonathan Hong, Jacob Dodson

Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering Publications

High-rate dynamic systems are defined as systems experiencing dynamic events of typical amplitudes higher than 100 g_n for a duration of less than 100 ms. They are characterized by 1) large uncertainties on the external loads; 2) high levels of nonstationarity and heavy disturbance; and 3) generation of unmodeled dynamics from changes in mechanical configuration. To fully enable these systems, feedback capabilities must be developed. This includes computationally fast software and low latency hardware. This paper presents a pure time-based online parameter estimation algorithm for high-rate dynamic systems with real-time applicability. The algorithm is based on a model reference ...

Analysis Of Flexural Capacity Of A Novel Straight-Side U-Shaped Steel-Encased Concrete Composite Beam, Qiwu Yan, Zheng Zhang, Jin Yan, Simon Laflamme

Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering Publications

This paper proposes a novel straight-side U-shaped steel-encased concrete composite beam (SUSCCB). The SUSCCB is constituted by encasing the top sections of the U-shaped steel plates directly into the concrete flange, with the composite action generated through perfobond connections consisting of reinforcement bars transversely passing through perforations in the encased top sections of the steel plates. It is engineered to overcome the shortcomings of the existing varus or valgus U-shaped steel-encased concrete composite beams (USCCB), for which the installation of shear connectors can be complex and costly to achieve because of the numerous required welds. The main objective of this ...

Development Of A Marine Biodegradable Target Balloon, Blake Samuel Robinson, Arash Sam Akhavi, David Leonardo Albarran-Martinez

Materials Engineering

The US Navy utilizes PVC target balloons, known as Killer Tomatoes, that are inflated onboard a naval vessel then deployed into the ocean to calibrate a variety of weaponry. The Navy has requested the investigation of biodegradable polymers to replace the PVC in attempts to reduce ocean waste that is generated from the leftover PVC material. After communicating with American Pacific Plastic Fabricators (APPF), the current manufacturer of the Killer Tomatoes, we gained an understanding of the manufacturing process and the material requirements that would allow a new material to be integrated into their current process. Two proprietary, trial polymers ...

Maize Tassel Detection From Uav Imagery Using Deep Learning, Aziza Alzadjali, Mohammed H. Alali, Arun Narenthiran Weeranampalayam Sivakumar, Jitender S. Deogun, Stephen Scott, James C. Schnable, Yeyin Shi

Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

The timing of flowering plays a critical role in determining the productivity of agricultural crops. If the crops flower too early, the crop would mature before the end of the growing season, losing the opportunity to capture and use large amounts of light energy. If the crops flower too late, the crop may be killed by the change of seasons before it is ready to harvest. Maize flowering is one of the most important periods where even small amounts of stress can significantly alter yield. In this work, we developed and compared two methods for automatic tassel detection based on ...

Uavs For Vegetation Monitoring: Overview And Recent Scientific Contributions, Ana I. De Castro, Yeyin Shi, Joe Mari Maja, Jose M. Pena

Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper reviewed a set of twenty-one original and innovative papers included in a special issue on UAVs for vegetation monitoring, which proposed new methods and techniques applied to diverse agricultural and forestry scenarios. Three general categories were considered: (1) sensors and vegetation indices used, (2) technological goals pursued, and (3) agroforestry applications. Some investigations focused on issues related to UAV flight operations, spatial resolution requirements, and computation and data analytics, while others studied the ability of UAVs for characterizing relevant vegetation features (mainly canopy cover and crop height) or for detecting different plant/crop stressors, such as nutrient content ...

On The Comparison Of Flow Physics Between Minimal And Extended Flow Units In Turbulent Channels, Ethan A. Davis, Siamak Mirfendereski, Jae Sung Park

Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Direct numerical simulations were performed to study the effects of the domain size of a minimal flow unit (MFU) and its inherent periodic boundary conditions on flow physics of a turbulent channel flow in a range of 200 ≤ Re_τ ≤ 1000. This was accomplished by comparing turbulent statistics with those computed in sub-domains (SD) of extended domain simulations. The dimensions of the MFU and SD were matched, and SD dynamics were set to minimize artificial periodicities. Streamwise and spanwise dimensions of healthy MFUs were found to increase linearly with Reynolds number. It was also found that both MFU and SD ...

Characterization Of Landslide Processes From Radar Remote Sensing And Hydromechanical Modeling, Yuankun Xu

Earth Sciences Theses and Dissertations

Landsides are a natural geomorphic process yet a dangerous hazard which annually causes thousands of casualties and billions of property loss in a global scale. Understanding landslide motion kinematics from early initiation to final deposition is critical for monitoring, assessing, and forecasting landslide movement in order to mitigate their hazards. Landslides occur under diverse environmental settings and appear in variable types; however, all types of landslides can be mechanically attributed to shearing failure at the basal surface due to stress regime shift contributed by internal and/or external forcing. Typical internal factors include soil/rock weathering, whereas typical external triggering ...

Effect Of Developer Temperature On Photoresist Contrast In Grayscale Lithography, Dale Farnan, George Patrick Watson

Protocols and Reports

SPR 220-3 photoresist was spin-coated onto a silicon wafer, exposed using a Heidelberg DWL66+ laserwriter at different laser powers, and developed at different temperatures. The effect of developer temperature on photoresist contrast was examined. Results show that increasing developer temperature decreased photoresist contrast and increased required dose.

Transient Electronics As Sustainable Systems: From Fundamentals To Applications, Reihaneh Jamshidi, Mehrnoosh Taghavimehr, Yuanfen Chen, Nicole Hashemi, Reza Montazami

Mechanical Engineering Publications

The unique attribute of transient technology is that it promotes the potential for the design and implementation of sustainable systems through their capability to fully or partially disintegrate after a predefined period of stable operation. Transient electronics have a wide range of potential applications as biomedical implants, environmental sensors, and hardware‐secured devices. Controlled disintegration of such systems without the need for harsh solvents is a step toward realizing green and sustainable electronics. In this short review, recent progress in the development of transient electronics is studied. First, an overview of the transient materials, both the substrate and electronic component ...

Evaluation Of Mechanical Degradation And Change In Geotechnical Shear Resistance Parameters Of Coarse Aggregates Under Traffic Loading, Kanika H. Lamba, Jeramy C. Ashlock, Bora Cetin, Franciszek Hasiuk

Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering Conference Presentations and Proceedings

Granular-surfaced roads comprise 73% of Iowa’s county road network. The surfaces of these gravel roads undergo mechanical and chemical deterioration over time due to extreme weather conditions and traffic loads. The goal of the present study is to improve our understanding of the mechanical deterioration that affects the performance of different geological types of coarse aggregates used in granular roads and shoulders. Samples of coarse aggregates were collected from four different quarries in Iowa. Laboratory gyratory compaction tests (GCT) were performed on specimens of the quarry samples to simulate their degradation under traffic loading conditions over time. From the ...

Evaluation Of Optimized Compaction Energy For Coarse Aggregates By Gyratory Compactor, Sajjad Satvati, Bora Cetin, Jeramy C. Ashlock

Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering Conference Presentations and Proceedings

Aggregate durability is crucially important for performance of granular roadways. Therefore, proper laboratory durability evaluations of aggregates that will be used during construction and maintenance of granular roadways are very critical. Los-Angeles (LA) abrasion and Micro-Deval tests were two conventional methods that are used for laboratory during tests. However, it is very well known that these tests are not adequate to simulate the durability of aggregates under vehicle and compactor loads. The current study proposes to use the gyratory compaction method to evaluate the durability of aggregate materials. During gyratory tests, gradations, shear resistances, void ratios, and maximum dry unit ...

Predicting Soil Temperature And Moisture Beneath Granular-Surfaced Roadways Using Regional Weather Data Network, Derya Genc, Jeramy C. Ashlock, Bora Cetin, Kristen Cetin, Robert Horton

Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering Conference Presentations and Proceedings

The performance of granular-surfaced roadways is greatly affected by annual freeze-thaw cycles, which can cause severe structural damage to the road surface. The collection of in situ subgrade soil temperature and moisture data as well as local weather data is very important to improve our ability to understand and predict subgrade behavior during freeze-thaw cycles. In this study, the use of data from a weather station installed adjacent to a granular road test section is compared to data interpolated from the two nearest weather stations of a statewide network, to compare their performance as inputs for freeze-thaw simulations using the ...

Understanding Of Aerosol Transmission Of Covid 19 In Indoor Environment - Part 2: Approaches To Mitigation, Adama Barro, Cathal O'Toole, Jacob S. Lopez, Matthew Quinones, Sherene Moore

Publications and Research

The challenge we face in implementing solutions for new HVAC ventilation and filtration design, is to effectively improve air quality for virus mitigation without losing performance efficiency. The purpose of this improvement is to decontaminate the occupied enclosed areas, reducing the transmission of the corona virus aerosol transmission. Our research seeks reliable approaches to mitigate the further spread of aerosol transmission in indoor spaces. The methodology is to examine innovative HVAC engineering solutions that combat epidemiological problems of Covid-19 for the post-pandemic era, by researching scholarly articles and ASHRAE journals. We are achieving the goal of finding highly efficient resolutions ...

Design And Control Of A Peristaltic Pump To Simulate Left Atrial Pressure In A Conductive Silicone Model, Jeremy Collins

Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

According to the CDC, atrial fibrillation is responsible for more than 454,000 hospitalizations and approximately 158,000 deaths per year. A common treatment for atrial fibrillation is catheter ablation, a process in which a long flexible tube is guided through the femoral artery and to the source of arrhythmia in the heart, where it measures the electrical potential at various locations and converts problematic heart tissue to scar tissue via ablation. This paper details the design and control of a low-cost ($400) peristaltic pump system using repetitive control to replicate blood pressure in the left atrium in a conductive ...

Mühendislik Bilimlerinde Yeni Yaklaşımlar, Duygu Kavak, Alper Polat, Tarkan Karaçay, Hakan Özbaşaran, Ömer Can, Eren Eryılmaz, Ramazan Demircioğlu, Alp Karaca, Buğu Şah, Burcu Sezgin, Dilek Dülger Altıner, Yasemin Şahan, Arzu (Taşpınar) Ünal, Rüveyda Çelik, Ali Gezer

Engineering Sciences

This book includes cellular location of the microorganisms, mineral fortification of fruit-vegetables, bioengineering, biotechnology, buffer solution, liquid chromatographic, covid-19 and use of the space, tectonic structures, TDY-2018, ASCE 7-16, EUROCODE-8, reinforced concrete structures, artificial intelligence, structural engineering

Study Of Static And Dynamical Properties Of Complex Antiferroelectrics Materials, Kinnary Yogeshbhai Patel

Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this dissertation is the investigation of the static and dynamical properties of the complex antiferroelectric materials using Effective Hamiltonian method and First principles calculations. In chapter 3, a novel elemental interatomic coupling in perovskite materials which bilinearly couples the antiferroelectric displacements of cations with the rotations of the oxygen octahedra. This new coupling explains a very complex crystal structure of prototypical antiferroelectric PbZrO3. My explanation provides a unified description of many other complex antipolar crystal structures in variety of perovskite materials, including the occurrence of incommensurate phases in some of them. In chapter 4, results and analysis ...

Special Issue “Cfd Modeling Of Complex Chemical Processes: Multiscale And Multiphysics Challenges”, Li Xi, De-Wei Yin, Jae Sung Park

Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Sorption Of Ions Of Some Metals On Synthesized Weakly Basic Ion Exchangers, Dilmurod Azimov, S. Turabjanov, Farrukh Igitov, Rano Nazirova, Tulkin Tursunov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of the study is to test a weakly basic anion exchanger of the polycondensation type in the processes of sorption of ions of copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, cadmium. Among the indicated metal ions, the maximum sorption was established for copper ions.

To study the process of sorption of copper ions by the tested anion exchanger, the method of potentiometric titration was used. It was found that copper ions are sorbed by the anion exchanger in the form of a complex in the range of pH = 3,4-4,2. The formation of the copper ions complexes decreases with an ...

Fabrication And Characterization Of Highly Ordered Aao Nanotubes, Anvar Khamidov, Farhod Hoshimov, Suvonkul Erkhanovich Nurmonov, Olim Ruzimuradov, Shavkat Mamatkulov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Investigated the electrochemical synthesis and characterized of a nanometer scale porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes with a mean pore diameter about of 80-100 nm. The anodizing process done by varying the anodizing temperature from 20 °C to 25 °C. The membranes exhibit interesting properties such as controllable pore diameters, periodicity and density distribution. These properties can preselected by adjusting the controlling parameters of a temperature controlled two-step anodization process. The surface features of the nanometer scale membrane such as pore density, pore diameter and interpore distance were quantified using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). SEM ...

Improving Accuracy Of Unmanned Aerial System Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing For Use In Energy Balance Models In Agriculture Applications, Mitchell S. Maguire, C.M.U. Neale, Wayne E. Woldt

Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Unmanned aerial system (UAS) remote sensing has rapidly expanded in recent years, leading to the development of several multispectral and thermal infrared sensors suitable for UAS integration. Remotely sensed thermal infrared imagery has been used to detect crop water stress and manage irrigation by leveraging the increased thermal signatures of water stressed plants. Thermal infrared cameras suitable for UAS remote sensing are often uncooled microbolometers. This type of thermal camera is subject to inaccuracies not typically present in cooled thermal cameras. In addition, atmospheric interference also may present inaccuracies in measuring surface temperature. In this study, a UAS with integrated ...