Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Commons^™

Comparative Study Of Nano-Rod And Nano-Sphere Based Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Refractive Index Biosensors, Mariam M. Moussilli M. M. Moussilli, Abdul Rahman El Falou

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) waves generated by the interaction of light with noble metal nanoparticles has been of great interest in recent years due to the high sensitivity of the extinction spectra of these nanoparticles to the medium's surrounding refractive index up to the atomic level.

In this article, we simulate the extinction spectra of noble metal sphere and rod nanoparticles in order to study the effect of the geometrical shape and size of the nanoparticle on the sensitivity and detection accuracy performance parameters of the extinction spectra. We also simulated the response of the sphere and rod nanoparticle's …

Control Of Change Of Phase Through Physical Surface Shaping, Troy Anderson, Sidy Ndao, Craig Zuhlke, Dennis Alexander, George Gogos

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

A system embodiment includes , but is not limited to , a solid structure configure to contact each of a material in a liquid phase and a material in a vapor phase , the solid structure including a plurality of microstructures protruding at angles relative to a horizontal plane ; and a layer of nanoparticles positioned on the plurality of microstructures , the layer of nanoparticles having a composition that is at least one of a same material as the plurality of microstructures and an oxide of the same material as the plurality of microstructures , the plurality of microstructures …

Synthesis And Electrochemical Study Of Cuau Nanodendrites For Co2 Reduction, Dylan Siltamaki, Shuai Chen, Farnood Rahmati, Jacek Lipkowski, Ai-Cheng Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

The conversion of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to carbon monoxide (CO) and other value-added products is an interesting approach for carbon-containing fuel synthesis using renewable and clean energy. The electrochemical reduction of CO₂ is one of the promising strategies for the storage of intermittent renewable energy resources. The development of electrocatalysts with high activity and stability is vital in the electrochemical CO₂ reduction process. In this study, copper and gold alloyed (CuAu) electrodes with nanodendritic structures were synthesized using a facile electrodeposition method. The CuAu nanodendrites with the atomic ratio of Cu to Au being approximately 1:1 …

Studies And Progresses On Hole Metallization In High-Density Interconnected Printed Circuit Boards, Zhao-Yun Wang, Lei Jin, Jia-Qiang Yang, Wei-Qing Li, Dong-Ping Zhan, Fang-Zu Yang, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are almost the core components of all electronic systems. With the rapid development of sciences and technologies, PCBs are gradually developing in the direction of multi-layer, thin and high-density wiring due to the functionalization, miniaturization, lightweight and high reliability of electronic products, as well as the widespread popularization of the subminiature package such as chip scale package (CSP) and ball grid array (BGA). Therefore, High-density interconnected printed circuit boards (HDI-PCBs) arise. Hole metallization is one of the core technologies in HDI-PCBs and includes two processes composed of conductive treatment and electron electroplating. Electroless copper plating, as …

Minimally Invasive Delivery Of 3d Shape Recoverable Constructs With Ordered Structures For Tissue Repair, Shixuan Chen, Mark Alan Carlson, Xiaowei Li, Aleem Siddique, Wuqiang Zhu, Jingwei Xie

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Minimally invasive procedures are becoming increasingly more common in surgery. However, the biomaterials capable of delivering biomimetic, three-dimensional (3D) functional tissues in a minimally invasive manner and exhibiting ordered structures after delivery are lacking. Herein, we reported the fabrication of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-coated, 3D expanded nanofiber scaffolds and their potential applications in minimally invasive delivery of 3D functional tissue constructs with ordered structures and clinically appropriate sizes (4 cm × 2 cm × 1.5 mm). GelMA-coated, expanded 3D nanofiber scaffolds produced by combining electrospinning, gas-foaming expansion, hydrogel coating, and crosslinking are extremely shape recoverable after release of compressive strain, displaying …

Mathematical Model For Measuring The Concentration Of Nanoparticles In A Liquid During Sedimentation, Safaa Mohammed Ridha Hussien Hussien, Airat Sakhabutdinov, Vladimir Anfinogentov, Maxim Danilaev, Vladimir Kuklin, Oleg Morozov

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Expanding the application areas of polymer composite materials with dispersed filler requires the development of technologies providing the required mechanical characteristics. One of these methods is based on forming a thin polymer shell on the surfaces of particles. At the same time, it is impossible to take into account the mechanical characteristics of a thin polymer shell due to its ultra-small thickness. The mechanical properties of the polymer shell can be determined only by indirect methods, and prior information can improve the adequacy of the properties determination. The method, which allows reducing the requirements for composite sample preparation, is proposed. …

Investigations Into Size And Surface Control Of Silicon Nanocrystals For Improved Optical Properties, James Donald Barnes

Dissertations and Theses

The discovery of visible photoluminescence (PL) from nanocrystalline porous silicon in 1990 led to extensive research into the mechanisms of the emergent properties, and optimization of these properties, for use in applications. The widespread use of silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) in commercial applications is currently limited by three main factors: 1) poor radiative recombination efficiency of the interband transition, 2) instability of the interband photoluminescence, and 3) a lack of scalable methods for producing Si NPs that are both highly crystalline and size monodisperse.

To address these limitations, this dissertation correlates changes in the photoluminescence properties of hydrogen passivated silicon …

Quantum Transport Of The 2d Surface State In A Nonsymmorphic Semimetal, Xue Liu, Jin Hu, Jiang Wei, Chunlei Yue, Sergey V. Erohin, Yanglin Zhu, Abin Joshy, Jinyu Liu, Ana M. Sanchez, David Graf, Pavel B. Sorokin, Zinqiang Mao

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

In a topological semimetal with Dirac or Weyl points, the bulk-boundary correspondence principle predicts a gapless edge mode if the essential symmetry is still preserved at the surface. The detection of such topological surface state has been considered as the fingerprint prove for crystals with nontrivial topological bulk band. On the contrary, it has been proposed that even with symmetry broken at the surface, a new surface band can emerge in nonsymmorphic topological semimetals. The symmetry reduction at the surface lifts the bulk band degeneracies and produces an unusual “floating” surface band with trivial topology. Here, we first report quantum …

Maize Tassel Detection From Uav Imagery Using Deep Learning, Aziza Alzadjali, Mohammed H. Alali, Arun Narenthiran Weeranampalayam Sivakumar, Jitender S. Deogun, Stephen Scott, James C. Schnable, Yeyin Shi

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The timing of flowering plays a critical role in determining the productivity of agricultural crops. If the crops flower too early, the crop would mature before the end of the growing season, losing the opportunity to capture and use large amounts of light energy. If the crops flower too late, the crop may be killed by the change of seasons before it is ready to harvest. Maize flowering is one of the most important periods where even small amounts of stress can significantly alter yield. In this work, we developed and compared two methods for automatic tassel detection based on …

Optical Engineering Of Iii-Nitride Nanowire Light-Emitting Diodes And Applications, Ha Quoc Thang Bui

Dissertations

Applications of III-nitride nanowires are intensively explored in different emerging technologies including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, photodiodes, biosensors, and solar cells. The synthesis of the III-nitride nanowires by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is investigated with significant achievements. III-nitride nanowires can be grown on dissimilar substrates i.e., silicon with nearly dislocation free due to the effective strain relaxation. III-nitride nanowires, therefore, are perfectly suited for high performance light emitters for cost-effective fabrication of the advanced photonic-electronic integrated platforms. This dissertation addresses the design, fabrication, and characterization of III-nitride nanowire full-color micro-LED (µLED) on silicon substrates for µLED display technologies, high-efficient …

Controlled Reduction Of Graphene Oxide And Graphene Oxide-Carbon Nanotube Hybrids And Their Applications, Samar Azizighannad

Dissertations

Graphene and graphene derivatives are widely used in diverse research and industrial applications. Graphene production on a large scale is carried out by exfoliating graphite oxide and producing graphene oxide (GO), which comprises of graphene sheets with different oxygen-containing functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and carbonyl. GO is reduced to reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which has properties that are closer to graphene. Properties of GO and rGO depend upon the oxygen content, and the effect of reducing oxygen content on the aqueous behavior of rGOs is not well understood.

In an effort to understand how properties of rGO change …

Uavs For Vegetation Monitoring: Overview And Recent Scientific Contributions, Ana I. De Castro, Yeyin Shi, Joe Mari Maja, Jose M. Pena

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

This paper reviewed a set of twenty-one original and innovative papers included in a special issue on UAVs for vegetation monitoring, which proposed new methods and techniques applied to diverse agricultural and forestry scenarios. Three general categories were considered: (1) sensors and vegetation indices used, (2) technological goals pursued, and (3) agroforestry applications. Some investigations focused on issues related to UAV flight operations, spatial resolution requirements, and computation and data analytics, while others studied the ability of UAVs for characterizing relevant vegetation features (mainly canopy cover and crop height) or for detecting different plant/crop stressors, such as nutrient content/deficiencies, water …

Three-Dimensional Shape Analysis Of Peripapillary Retinal Pigment Epithelium-Basement Membrane Layer Based On Oct Radial Images, Junfei Tong, Pengfei Dong, Sachin Kedar, Deepta Ghate, Linxia Gu

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The peripapillary retinal pigment epithelium-basement membrane (ppRPE/BM) layer angle was recently proposed as a potential index for estimating intracranial pressure noninvasively. However, the ppRPE/BM layer angle, measured from the optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans, varied across the radial directions of the optic disc. This made the ppRPE/BM layer angle difficult to be utilized in its full potential. In this study, we developed a mathematical model to quantify the ppRPE/BM layer angles across radial scans in relation to the ppRPE/BM 3D morphology in terms of its 3D angle and scanning tilt angles. Results showed that the variations of the ppRPE/BM layer …

Chitosan/Gelatin/Silver Nanoparticles Composites Films For Biodegradable Food Packaging Applications., Sreelekha Ediyilyam, Bini George, Sarojini Sharath Shankar, Thomas Thuruthiyil Dennis, Stanisław Wacławek, Miroslav Černík, Vinod V T Padil

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The food packaging industry explores economically viable, environmentally benign, and non-toxic packaging materials. Biopolymers, including chitosan (CH) and gelatin (GE), are considered a leading replacement for plastic packaging materials, with preferred packaging functionality and biodegradability. CH, GE, and different proportions of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used to prepare novel packaging materials using a simple solution casting method. The functional and morphological characterization of the prepared films was carried out by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visible spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical strength, solubility, water vapor transmission rate, swelling behavior, moisture retention capability, and biodegradability of composite …

On The Comparison Of Flow Physics Between Minimal And Extended Flow Units In Turbulent Channels, Ethan A. Davis, Siamak Mirfendereski, Jae Sung Park

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Direct numerical simulations were performed to study the effects of the domain size of a minimal flow unit (MFU) and its inherent periodic boundary conditions on flow physics of a turbulent channel flow in a range of 200 ≤ Re_τ ≤ 1000. This was accomplished by comparing turbulent statistics with those computed in sub-domains (SD) of extended domain simulations. The dimensions of the MFU and SD were matched, and SD dynamics were set to minimize artificial periodicities. Streamwise and spanwise dimensions of healthy MFUs were found to increase linearly with Reynolds number. It was also found that both MFU …

Experimental Investigation Of Surface Resistivity Of Yttrium Stabilized Zirconium As A Thin Film, Matthew J. Melfi

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells are devices that use electrochemical reactions to convert chemical energy from fuel to electricity. In comparison with coal power plants, a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, produces a higher electrical conversion efficiency. However, at higher temperatures (1000°C) it creates a lower ionic conductivity, which limit the Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. When lowering the temperature, the ohmic resistance increases. In our research, an Yttrium Stabilized Zirconium layer will be produced from a fine dimple grain structure allowing high flow of oxygen mobility. This mobility increases ionic conductivity and decrease ohmic loss. The goal of our research is first …

Impact Of Angiogenic And Osteogenic Factors In The Presence Of Biodegradable Piezoelectric Films, Jayla Millender

Honors Scholar Theses

One of the most common causes of bone graft rejection is lack of a vascular network connecting the graft to the existing native tissue – allowing for nutrient flow. Under current grafting techniques, the existing blood vessel network in the patient slowly invades the implant in order to supply the injured site with its necessary nutrients. The purpose of this research is to determine if a synthetic bone graft with a stable microvascular network can be developed in vitro. I hypothesize that the use of indirect angiogenic factors such as sonic hedgehog homolog and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in combination with the …

An Investigation Of Testing Parameters On The Frictional Properties Of Patterned Core-Shell Nanostructures, Colin Phelan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Friction tests are a beneficial means to analyze the tribological characteristics and advantages of materials and textured surfaces. However, the selected test parameters can significantly influence the results. This work explores the significance of the friction testing parameters on the frictional performances of core-shell nanostructure-textured surfaces (CSNTSs). Several applied normal loads (10 μN, 100 μN, and 500 μN) and diamond counterface indenter tip radii (1 μm, 5 μm, and 20 μm) were selected for the testing of Al/diamond-like-carbon (DLC) and Al/amorphous silicon (a-Si) CSNTSs. The measured friction values of the CSNTSs were then compared to a matching Al/DLC film and …

Designing Cryogenic Strain Device For 2d Materials, Jake Carter

Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

The Churchill lab working within the Physics Department at the University of Arkansas is working to create important quantum states including weak topological insulators (TIs) through the use of symmetry engineering and topological electronic states in two-dimensional (2D) crystals of WHM materials. Experimental results of these topological states have been obstructed due to the difficulty to perform controlled in situ strain. This project strives to create a mount to utilize a piezoelectric nanopositioner within cryostats achieving an in situ strain that creates the quantum states the lab is looking to observe. This report also examines the necessary equations to determine …

Mechanical Analysis Of A Heterogeneously Integrated Silicon Photonic Interposer, Erica Charlene Graham

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Overcoming the bandwidth bottleneck in conventional interconnects necessitates transitioning to alternative scaling paradigms. Silicon (Si) photonics is considered a disruptive technology, capable of meeting the growing demands for higher bandwidth, low latency, and power efficiency. By leveraging the intrinsic properties of optical signals and manufacturing compatibility of Si, the co-integration of Si photonics and complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuitry leading to terabit data speeds for next generation data communication can be realized. Heterogeneously integrating Si photonic functionality with well-established CMOS technology in an Si photonic interposer architecture simultaneously provides independent optimization as well as close integration of both technologies in one platform. …