Sparking A Dolphin's Curiosity: Individual Differences In Dolphins' Reactions To Surprising And Expectation-Violating Events,
2017
University of Southern Mississippi
Sparking A Dolphin's Curiosity: Individual Differences In Dolphins' Reactions To Surprising And Expectation-Violating Events, Malin Katarina Lilley
Master's Theses
Non-scientific literature consistently describes dolphins as “curious animals,” but there has been little systematic research on curiosity in dolphins. Curiosity in humans and certain non-human animal species, including birds and non-human primates, has been studied by examining individual differences in exploration and reactions to novel stimuli. Additionally, research has explored how human infants and non-human animals react when an event violates their expectations. The present study explored dolphins’ reactions to spontaneously surprising and expectation-violating stimuli. The reactions of dolphins, 15 bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) and 6 rough-toothed (Steno bredanensis), at Gulf World Marine Park were analyzed in …
The Effect Of Incentives On Pupil Dilation During Recognition Memory: An Attentional Saliency Account Of The Pupil Old/New Effect,
2017
Washington University in St. Louis
The Effect Of Incentives On Pupil Dilation During Recognition Memory: An Attentional Saliency Account Of The Pupil Old/New Effect, Lisa A. Solinger
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Another interesting feature of this OMS circuit is the strong surround suppression occurring in the inner retina, which enables both VG3-ACs and W3-RGCs to remain silent to the global image motion. Pharmacological evidence suggested wide-field and/or spiking ACs are the source of the inhibition. The specific AC types, however, have not been identified. To address this question, in chapter 3, I explored candidate cell types using transgenic mouse lines expressing Cre recombinase, mainly tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-Cre transgenic mice. In 2-photon guided patch clamp recordings, response patterns of TH2-ACs to object motion visual stimuli corresponded to inhibitory inputs of both VG3-ACs …
Mental Skills Training In Martial Arts,
2017
University of Denver
Mental Skills Training In Martial Arts, Megan Rinderer, Adam Bernero
Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects
The following case recounts the experiences of two entry-level consultants implementing a 6-week Mental Skills Training program with Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) athletes. Both consultants identify with an Acceptance and Commitment (ACT) approach to mental skills training. Each consultant worked with a BJJ athlete for six weeks, integrating mental skills interventions into the athletes’ existing training regimen. Overall, the interventions focused on cognitive defusion techniques, identifying and developing emotional intelligence, self-regulating arousal levels, and managing energy and attention. Consultants relied heavily on mindfulness exercises as well as biofeedback technology in order to identify, develop, and refine the psychological skills crucial …
The Effects Of Meditation On Brain Organization And The Implications For Treating Adhd,
2017
Bowling Green State University
The Effects Of Meditation On Brain Organization And The Implications For Treating Adhd, Talia Gibson
Honors Projects
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has recently become increasingly diagnosed for children and adolescents. As of now, the most common treatment method is medication, with the purpose of changing brain organization. Recently, however, there has been increasing interest in the use of mindfulness meditation to treat the symptoms associated with ADHD. In this paper, eleven different studies, which have introduced mindfulness meditation as a treatment method for ADHD, are analyzed. The studies measure the degree to which mindfulness meditation improves common symptoms associated with ADHD. These symptoms include attentional problems, reduced mindful awareness, externalizing and internalizing problems, reduced self-control, impaired social behavior, …
Exploring The Effect Of Encoding Modality And Rehearsal Strategy On Foreign Language Vocabulary Recall,
2017
Bellarmine University
Exploring The Effect Of Encoding Modality And Rehearsal Strategy On Foreign Language Vocabulary Recall, Danielle R. Bestfelt
Undergraduate Theses
Experience with a foreign language is considered a valuable skill in workplace and school settings alike. However, recent studies in the field of psychology exploring the process of acquiring a second language have limited applicability, especially for adults with English as a first language. This study sought to explore the relation between encoding modality (auditory, visual, or visual and auditory; based on Baddeley’s model of working memory) and rehearsal strategy (active or passive, based on Craik and Lockhart’s Level of Processing approach and Roger’s Self-Reference Effect) in the recall of foreign language vocabulary words. Vocabulary words were the target information …
The Role Of Stereotype Threat In Mental Rotation,
2017
Northern Michigan University
The Role Of Stereotype Threat In Mental Rotation, Bridget A. Parler
All NMU Master's Theses
Numerous studies have been conducted on mental rotation ability in both males and females. A lot of the literature discusses male superiority in mental rotation task as opposed to females. This paper examined the role of stereotype threat in a mental rotation task. Particularly, the research study focused on gender stereotype threat in female college students. The study was completed in a two part design with students completing two mental rotation task in a group setting. The low numbers in the sample make it impossible to reliably say that the Vandenberg Mental Rotation Task (VMRT) and the Purdue Mental Rotation …
Video Game Engagement, Gender, And Age: Examining Similarities And Differences In Motivation Between Those Who May Or May Not Play Video Games,
2017
East Tennessee State University
Video Game Engagement, Gender, And Age: Examining Similarities And Differences In Motivation Between Those Who May Or May Not Play Video Games, Joseph Camarata
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research aims to fill a research gap by examining video games to explore whether gender, age, or hours played per week would exert any influence on the information of those who may or may not play video games. Mood Management Theory and Uses and Gratification Theory were used as the theoretical foundation for this study. Four-hundred-three East Tennessee State University students who received the survey via email were asked to voluntarily participate in a survey about their motivations behind playing video games. Results from MANOVA showed that the motivations of male participants on video games were significantly higher than …
Reconsolidating: The Effect Of Spatial Context And Expectations,
2017
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Reconsolidating: The Effect Of Spatial Context And Expectations, Chris R. Kiley
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Consolidation is the process by which memories become stable over time. Accessing a previously consolidated memory trace brings it back into a labile state where it must then undergo a re-stabilization process known as reconsolidation. During this process memories are again susceptible to interference and may be updated with new information. Reconsolidation has been demonstrated in animals as well as in the procedural and episodic human memory systems. The exact boundary conditions for reconsolidation are not yet known. Some studies suggest that reconsolidation is only necessary when new information is presented in a spatial context that is indistinguishable from the …
The Relationship Between Mood And Implicit Learning,
2017
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
The Relationship Between Mood And Implicit Learning, Kathleen Larson
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
This dissertation investigates whether a person’s current mood state influences their ability to learn implicitly. Implicit learning refers to learning about regularities in the environment without having conscious access to the information (e.g., Reber, 1967). According to the affect-as-information hypothesis, a positive mood increases global processing of incoming information and negative mood leads to local processing (e.g., Clore & Storbeck, 2006); however, most previous studies that investigated mood and cognition have focused on more explicit types of learning and decision making, but few have examined implicit processes. Thus, the current experiments examined how varying levels of mood and arousal affect …
An Examination Of Accuracy And Elaborations For Character Traits In A Narrative,
2017
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
An Examination Of Accuracy And Elaborations For Character Traits In A Narrative, Michael Palena
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
When people read a story, they often form a highly detailed representation known as a situation model. The event-indexing model (Zwaan, Langston, & Graesser, 1995) proposes that situation models are constructed along several indices, one of which is protagonist or character. While much research has been devoted to the study of tracking and forming trait-based models of fictional characters, little attention has been paid to the representation of characters’ external attributes. In Experiment 1, participants read a short story containing various characters and their attributes. Participants were then asked to recall the characters and their attributes, either according to their …
Neural Processes Underlying Auditory Context Effects,
2017
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Neural Processes Underlying Auditory Context Effects, Breanne Yerkes
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Auditory information within our natural environments is disorganized and often ambiguous, leaving our auditory systems with a complex task: organizing sound into coherent objects. The auditory system uses both current and prior information to assist in completing this task. The influences of previous context on current perception have been referred to as context effects. A contrastive context effect results in a current perception that is opposite of what is expected based on the physical stimulus properties presented during an immediate context. A facilitative context effect results in a current perception that is the same as the perception during the immediate …
Story Problem Solving,
2017
Buffalo State College
Story Problem Solving, Brian D. Kalina
Creativity and Change Leadership Graduate Student Master's Projects
This project paper will explore and define the relationship between the Creative Problem Solving (CPS) and the timeless concept of storytelling. Since the beginning of time, people have been sharing stories to relate their experiences and their solutions to overcome challenges and obstacles. CPS is a more modern methodology that aids people in their approach and their ability to generate plans and solutions to overcome challenges and obstacles. Therefore, the premise of this project is to seek answers to the questions; (1) How might we look to stories as frameworks for solving our problems? and (2) How might we marry …
The New Theory Of Disuse Predicts Retrieval Enhanced Suggestibility (Res),
2017
Seton Hall University
The New Theory Of Disuse Predicts Retrieval Enhanced Suggestibility (Res), Victoria Bartek
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Retrieval enhanced suggestibility (RES) refers to an effect where initial testing of an event leads to better learning of and higher production of misinformation regarding that event. This paper proposes the New Theory of Disuse (Bjork & Bjork, 1992) as a supplement to the retrieval fluency account for RES (Thomas et al., 2010). The amount of interference presented between the misinforming narrative and final test was manipulated in order to investigate how decays in retrieval strength (how easily a memory is recalled) affect misinformation reporting. Results suggested that the learning of interfering information may decrease RES, but that this effect …
Behavioral Finance And Its Impact On Investing,
2017
Liberty University
Behavioral Finance And Its Impact On Investing, Jordan Fieger
Senior Honors Theses
The field of behavioral finance has seen incredible growth over the past half century as it has explored the effect that cognitive psychological biases can have on investors’ financial decisions. Behavioral finance stands in stark contrast to the efficient market hypothesis, as it attributes market inefficiencies to investors who are not perfectly rational human beings. It offers a solution to the observed 3.5% gap that active equity investors miss out on in the market compared to passive index funds, which it attributes to their emotions and psychological biases. These common human biases can be grouped into five major categories: heuristics, …
Explicit Programming For Icon Rings: Visual-Based Discrimination,
2017
Western Michigan University
Explicit Programming For Icon Rings: Visual-Based Discrimination, Samantha Borowski
Honors Theses
Instructional icons are helpful as basic direction following is the basis for complex skills needed later in life. These instructions should have a good training so that children can get the basic skills and can move on to the complex skills. The goal of the project was to increase the correct responses to instructional icons. Visuals are a good tool for learning because it attaches a picture with the event that is happening or will happen. Children with autism sometimes struggle when they are introduced to a new environment so having a system in place to help make instruction following …
The Flaws Of Deterrence Theory,
2017
Georgia College
The Flaws Of Deterrence Theory, Hunter Oneal Cooley
Georgia College Student Research Events
In my paper, I discuss the means of the deterrence theory, and argue against its original intent and how in my views it is a failed and flawed theory. I discuss the notion of inherent “evil” in people, and how that the deterrence theory cannot simply go against and correct something that I argue is inherent in humans. I discuss the inherent trait to commit crime, or simply the evil nature that can lead to crime that I think is inherent in people. I give reasons for the failure and the flaws of the theory, I use one prime example …
How Short Term Mindfulness Training Affects Emotion Regulation On College Students,
2017
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
How Short Term Mindfulness Training Affects Emotion Regulation On College Students, Holly E. Flatt, Andrea Benadives, Kriston Ramsey
EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement
Emotion regulation (ER) is the experience and expression of emotions which aids in the balancing of positive emotions and emotional processing (Gross, 2001; Hölzel, 2011). An important advancement in the field of psychology is greater understanding of how treatments can positively influence ER. One promising intervention to improve emotion regulation is mindfulness training—the practice of being aware of one’s current internal state and thoughts to provide a greater attentiveness and acknowledgement to one’s current environment (Hoffman et. al., 2010; Langer 2000). The current study examined the effect of brief mindfulness training on emotion regulation after a sad mood induction via …
Expanding Eeg Research Into The Clinic And Classroom With Consumer Eeg Systems,
2017
Georgia State University
Expanding Eeg Research Into The Clinic And Classroom With Consumer Eeg Systems, Darryl H. Burnet, Matthew Turner
Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference
No abstract provided.
Domain-General And Domain-Specific Brain Regions Involved In Statistical-Sequential Learning,
2017
Georgia State University
Domain-General And Domain-Specific Brain Regions Involved In Statistical-Sequential Learning, Phillip Loan
Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference
No abstract provided.
Is Perceptual Learning Caused By Attentional Spotlighting Or Representational Change?,
2017
Georgia State University Department of Psychology
Is Perceptual Learning Caused By Attentional Spotlighting Or Representational Change?, Alexandria Nichole Williams, Gerardo Ernesto Valdez
Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference
No abstract provided.
