Respiratory Tract Diseases Commons^™

Health Effects Of The Federal Bureau Of Prisons Tobacco Ban, Stephen A. Martin, Bartolome R. Celli, Joseph R. Difranza, Stephen J. Krinzman, Jennifer G. Clarke, Herbert Beam, Sandra Howard, Melissa Foster, Robert J. Goldberg

Open Access Articles

BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death in America, claiming 450,000 lives annually. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, caused by smoking in the vast majority of cases, became the third leading cause of death in the U.S. in 2008. The burden of asthma, often exacerbated by tobacco exposure, has widespread clinical and public health impact. Despite this considerable harm, we know relatively little about the natural history of lung disease and respiratory impairment in adults, especially after smoking cessation.

METHODS/DESIGN: Our paper describes the design and rationale for using the 2004 Federal Bureau of Prisons ...

Smoke Inhalation Injury, Paul Shores

Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Smoking Cessation Services In Ireland: Design And Pilot Of A Smoking Cessation Treatment Database, Sheila Keogan

Masters

A reduction in tobacco use is one of the stated aims of the National Health Promotion Strategy
(2000-2005) (Department of Health and Children, 2000a) as well being the core activity of
membership for all health promoting hospitals (HPH).
AIMS OF THE STUDY

1. To develop a database of smoking cessation services in Ireland.

2. Do a census of the smoking cessation services in Ireland and evaluate the range and
availability of them.
3. Develop a database for use in smoking cessation treatment services which would schedule
consultations with patients and gather all relevant demographics, treatments and their outcomes,
(cessation treatment ...

Lung-Homing Of Endothelial Progenitor Cells And Angiogenesis In Asthma: Role Of Eosinophils, Nirooya Sivapalan

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Asthma involves a systemic element that includes the mobilization and lung-accumulation of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC). This traffic may be driven by the stromal cell derived factor-1α (SDF-1α)/CXCR4 axis, where SDF1-α is a potent progenitor cell chemoattractant.

Interfering with EPC lung-accumulation by administering AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist, was previously shown to be associated with the modulation of airway angiogenesis and airway hyperresponsiveness. However, since eosinophils express CXCR4, it is unknown whether AMD3100 acted directly on EPC or indirectly through its anti-inflammatory effects on eosinophils.

We investigated the role that eosinophilic inflammation plays in the lung-homing of EPCs ...

Preventing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia, Ashley Warner, Becky Dennis

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

The most common nosocomial (hospital acquired) infection is Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP). VAP increases morbidity and mortality rates. 8-28% of critical care patients develop VAP. VAP also increases the length of a hospital stay and adds $20,000-40,000 to the cost. Insurance companies will not cover this cost. The purpose of this study is to determine the best method to reduce the occurrence of VAP.

Healthy Homes Asthma Survey, John Corbacio, Amy Delgado, Maryann Ford, Nicole Giaquinto, Sandra Nabanja, Jayson-Ann Wright, Leland K. Ackerson

Community Engagement and Research Symposium

Asthma is a serious health concern among older adults in Massachusetts, the age group with the highest number of deaths due to asthma. The objective of this research is to investigate the prevalence of asthma and respiratory illness as well as the presence of environmental respiratory irritants in public senior housing. A total of 57 survey participants were recruited from social events for senior citizens sponsored by the Lowell Housing Authority. A paper survey was used to collect data regarding respiratory health and the presence of respiratory irritants in the homes. The study found that a large portion of the ...

Characteristics Of Children Attending Asthma Camp In Nevada, Priyank Shetty, Sheniz Moonie, Amy Beaulieu, Christopher M. Aquino

Nevada Journal of Public Health

The purpose of this study was to assess asthma trigger knowledge of camp attendees and the measure of agreement between physician and parent assessment of the children’s asthma severity. This study is based on cross-sectional data provided by the American Lung Association (ALA) and those children participating in summer asthma camps in Las Vegas and Reno, Nevada. Fifty-six children participated in the camp in August of 2008. The study results suggest a significant positive correlation between physician and parent assessment of asthma severity. With increasing asthma severity there was a relative increase in the number of school days missed ...

Systematic Literature Review Assessing Tobacco Smoke Exposure As A Risk Factor For Serious Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease Among Infants And Young Children, Joseph R. Difranza, Anthony Masaquel, Amy M. Barrett, Ann D. Colosia, Parthiv J. Mahadevia

Open Access Articles

BACKGROUND: The role of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure as a risk factor for serious respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease among infants and young children has not been clearly established. This systematic review was conducted to explore the association between ETS exposure and serious RSV disease in children younger than 5 years, including infants and young children with elevated risk for serious RSV disease.

METHODS: A systematic review of English-language studies using the PubMed and EMBASE databases (1990-2009) was performed to retrieve studies that evaluated ETS as a potential risk factor for serious RSV illness. Studies assessing risk factors associated ...

Cell And Gene Therapy For Genetic Diseases: Inherited Disorders Affecting The Lung And Those Mimicking Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Allison M. Keeler, Terence R. Flotte

Pediatric Publications and Presentations

Some of the first human gene therapy trials targeted diseases of the lung and provided important information that will continue to help shape future trials. Here we describe both cell and gene therapies for lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis and alpha-1 antitrypsin disorder as well as fatty acid oxidation disorders that mimic sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Human clinical gene therapy trials for cystic fibrosis and alpha-1 antitrypsin have been performed using a variety of vectors including adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and nonviral vectors. No human clinical gene therapy trials have been performed for disorders of fatty acid oxidation; however ...

Production Of Phospholipase A2 In A549 Human Lung Epithelial Cells Is Induced By Cytokines, Justin Moga

Colgate Academic Review

For reasons not clearly understood, Acute Lung Injury (ALI), often caused by systemic infections or severe trauma, leads to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), which is characterized by pulmonary edema and leukocyte infiltration, and affects 100,000 Americans annually. Phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) enzyme, able to cleave phospholipids, is the target of signal transduction cascades, and plays a role in several bodily functions. PLA₂ group 2A specifically hydrolyzes surfactant phospholipids invitro. The objective of this study is to determine whether PLA₂ enzymes are produced and subsequently secreted by A549 lung epithelial cells in response to cytokine stimulation ...